Langomuwi. V, 54. Friendly he. Langundo, peaceful, Z. From langan, light, easy.
Langundit. V, 32. Made peace. Langundo, peaceful.
Langundo. V, 1. Peaceful. Langundo, peaceful. Z.
Langundowi. IV, 18. Peaceful he. See above.
Lapawin. IV, 40. Whitened. Lappi, again; pawa, rich.
Lappimahuk. IV, 41. Again there is war. Lappi, again; machtagewak, they are at war. Z.
Lappinup. I, 9. Again when. Mr. Anthony translates this "again he spoke;" aptonen, to speak. Zeis.
Lapihaneng. V, 27. Tide water at. Lappi, again; amhanne, flowing water. H.
Lekhihitin. V, 5. Writer writing. Lekhiket, writer; lekhiken, to write. K.
Leksahowen. IV, 23. Writing who. Lekhasik, written. K.
Lennowak. I, 11, 18. Men. II, 1, 5. Men also. Lenno, man.
Lessin. III, 4. To be. Lissin, to be or do so.
Linapi-ma. II, 14. Men there. Lenape, with suffix ma, there.
Linapioken. IV, 1. Men fathers. Qy. "The fathers of the Linapi."
Linkwekinuk. V, 19. Looking well about. Linquechin, to look, behold; linquechinock Look here, behold! Z.
Linnapewi. III, 1. True manly. III, 7. True men. "They are Lenape."
Linni wulamen. IV, 63. Man of truth. Lenno, man; wulamen. See p. 104.
Linowi. II, 10. Men. Lenno-wi, he is a man.
Linowimokom. II, 8, 13. Of men grandfather. Lenno, man; mohomus, grandfather.
Lissilma. IV, 5. Be thou there. Lissil, imperative of lissin. Zeis. Gram., p. 118.
Lohxin. II, 9. To move and dwell. Lowin, to pass by. K. Lauchsin, to walk, to live. Zeis. Gram., p. 132.
Lokwelend. V, 15. Walker. Lauchsin, to live, to walk.
Lowako. V, 16. North snake. Lowan, winter; aki, land.
Lowaniwi. III, 6, II, 16. Northerlings Lowan, winter; lowaneu, north. Z.
Lowanaki. III, 7. North country Lowan, winter; aki, land.
Lowanapi. III, 19. Northern manly. Lowan, winter; ape, man, a nomen gentile.
Lowanipekis. IV, 61. North of the lakes Lowan, winter; pek, lake; or lowan, ape, man; aki, land, "the land of the Northern men."
Lowankwamink. III, 3. In northerly plain. Lowan, winter or north; wemenque, as we came from. Z; with the locative suffix nk.
Lowanuski. IV, 45. Northern foes. Lowan, north or winter.
Lowaponskan. V, 50. North walker. Lowan, winter; north; pomsin, to walk. Z.
Lowashawa. IV, 41; V, 59. North and south, Lowan, north; shawano, south.
Lowushkaking. V, 18. North land going. Lowan, north; aki, land. Doubtful.
Luchundi. III, 14. They saying. Luchundi, they say, or, it is said. Z. Gram, p. 175.
Lumowaki. III, 7. White country. Loamoe, long ago, ancient; aki, land.
Lungundowin. II, 3. Peaceful or keeping peace. Langundowi, peaceful.
Lusasaki. III, 10. Burned land. Lussin, to burn; lusasu, burnt. Z.
Machelinik. IV, 58. Many places or towns. Macheh, much. K.
Machigoklos. IV, 38. Big owl. Macheu, great; goklos, owl.
Machiton. II, 3. Spoiling. Matschihilleu, spoiled. K. Matschiton, to spoil something, to make mischief. Z Gram., p. 222.
Machitonanep. IV, 17. Much warfare then. Made mischief. See Ante.
Madawasim. IV, 34. Great meadow. Matta, no, not; assin, stone.
Mahiliniki. V, 46. There was Hilinis. Perhaps "Illini," the Chipeways or Illinois.
Mahongwi. V, 31. There Hong (Mengui) or lickings. Mengwe? See p. 14.
Mahongwipallat. V, 53. Mengwi was. See last word.
Mahongwichamen. V, 54. Mengwi frightened.
Makatapi. IV, 16. Blacking man. Machit, bad, evil; ape, man.
Makdopannik. V, 4, and Makdupannek, II, 11. They were many. Macheh, many.
Makeleyachick. V, 9. Many going. See above.
Makelohok. IV, 48. They are many. See above.
Makeliming. V, 6. Much fruits at. Machelemuwi, honorable, precious K. Or macheli, much; min, fruits.
Makelining. V, 8. Much river at. Machelensin, to be proud or high-minded. K. Or, macheli, much or many; amhanne, rivers, "the place of many streams."
Makelima. IV, 56. Much there is. Macheli, much or many.
Makelinik. V, 7. Many towns. Macheli, many; wik, houses.
Makeliwulit. V, 38. Much good done. Macheli, much; wulit, good.
Makelomush. V, 41. Much honored. Machelemuxit, he that is honored. Z.
Makhiawip. V, 27. Red arrow. Machke, red.
Makimani. I, 14. Bad spirit. Machi manito, the bad manito.
Makonowiki. V, 46. There was Konowis. Qy. Achgunnan, he is clothed. Z. Mach, = red; mecaneu, dog.
Makowini. I, 14; II, 1. Bad beings. Mach, from machtit, bad; owini, q. v.
Makpalliton. V, 15. Much warfare. Macheli, much, and palliton, q. v.
Maktapan. I, 23. Bad weather. Machtapan, stormy weather. K.
Maktaton. I, 22. Unhappiness. Machtatemamoagan, unhappiness. K.
Mangipitak. IV, 22. Big teeth. Amangi, big, great; wipit, his teeth.
Mani. I, 8. Made. Maniton, to make.
Manito. I, 9, 10. He made. II, 12. Spirit. See notes.
Manitoak. I, 9, 17. The spirits or makers.
Manup. IV, 1. There were then. Doubtful. Comp. anup.
Mapawaki. V, 22. There is rich land. Pawa, rich; aki, land. Doubtful.
Mashawoniki. V, 46. There was Shawonis. Meshe, great, in comp.
Mashkipokhing. IV, 7. Bear hills at. Machk, bear; but probably from maskiek, Chip. mashkig, swamp or marsh, and pachkink, the division or valley between the mountains.
Maskaboush. II, 8. Strong hare. Maskan and wabos, hare. See anté, p. 130.
Maskan. II, 1, 2, 5, 16. Powerful or dire. Meckek, great, large; mangain, Nant. mashka, Chip. strong. Màskane, strong, rapid. Heck., Ind. Names, p. 355.
Maskanako. II, 1, 2, 5. Strong snake. Maskan, large or strong; achgook, snake.
Maskansisil. IV, 37. Strong buffalo. Maskan, and sisil.
Maskansini. IV, 43. Strong stone. Maskan, and assin, a stone.
Maskekitong. V, 28. Strong falls at (Trenton). Maskan, and kithanne, main stream. See Heck. Ind. Names, p. 355, where this word is given and analyzed.
Matemik. IV, 20. Builder of towns. Matta, not; mequik, blood. Z.
Matta. II, 3. Not. Matta, no, not.
Mattakohaki. V, 22. Without snake land. Matta, not; achgook, snake; aki, land.
Mattalogas. I, 22. Wickedness. Machtit, bad, evil; mattalogasowagon, a sinful act. Zeis Gram, p. 103.
Mattapewi. II, 4. Less man. Mattapeu, he is not at home. Z.
Matemenend. IV, 36 There or now Tamenend.
Mawuhtenal. V, 22 There is good thing. Wuht, good.
Mayoksuwi. IV, 53. Of one mind. Mawat, one, only one. K.
Mboagan. I, 23. Death. M'boagan, death. Z.
Mekemkink. I, 21. On earth. Mach, prefix indicating evil or misfortune, from machtit.
Mekwazoan. II, 4. Fighting. Mechtagan, to fight. K.
Menak. I, 8 Islands. Menatey, an island.
Menalting. IV, 4, 42 In assembly met. Menachtin, to drink together. K, Menaltink, the place where we drank H Ind. Names, p. 371.
Menapit. II, 8. At that island. Menatey, island, epit, at.
Meshautang. III, 3. Game. Mechtit, much, achtu, deer Z. In the N. J. dialect, deer is aatu; hence the meaning is "many deer."
Messisuwi. IV, 44. Whole he. Metschi schawi, very, ready Z.
Metzipannek. II, 11. They did eat. Mitzopannik, they have eaten. Zeis. Gram, p. 124.
Michihaki. IV, 3. Big land. Mechti, much, aki, land.
Michimini. IV, 34. Much corn. Mechtil, much, min, edible fruit.
Milap. I, 12, 13 He gave him. Mil or miltin, to give. The terminal p marks the pretent.
Minigeman. IV, 25. Corn planting. Min, edible fruit; for corn, see p. 48.
Minihaking. IV, 24 Corn land at. Min, edible fruit; aki, land.
Minsimini. V, 52. Wolf tribe. See p. 36.
Mitzi. I, 19. Food. Mitzin, to eat.
Mokol. II, 12 Boat. Amochol, a boat Zeis. Gram, p. 101
Mokolakolin. V, 17. In boats he snaking. See above. Aki, land.
Mokom. V, 17. Grandfather. Muchomsena, our grandfather Z.
Mokolmokom. V, 17. Boats grandfather. Amochol, boat; muchom, ancestor.
Moshakwat. I, 7. It clears up. Moschkakquat, clear weather. K.
Mukum. I, 11. Ancestor. Muchomes, grandfather. K.
Nahiwi. II, 10. Above water or afloat. Nahiwi, down the water, down stream. K.
Nakhagattamen. V, 52. 3 desiring. Nacha, three; gattamen, to wish.
Nakkalisin. V, 52. 3 to be. Nacha, three; lissin, to be or do so.
Nakopowa. III, 8. The snake priest. Pawa, priest. See above, p. 70. The prefix doubtful.
Nakowa. II, 6. Black snake. Nachoak, three persons. Z.
Nakowak. I, 14. Black snakes. Nachohaneu, he is alone. Z. Sukachgook, black snake. Z. Doubtful.
Nallahemen. III, 13. Navigating. Nallahemen, to boat up the stream. K.
Nallimetzin. IV, 29. At last to eat. Nall, that, at last; mitzin, to eat.
Namenep. I, 20. Pleased. Namen, to know, understand.
Namesaki. IV, 14. Fish land; Namaes, fish; aki, land.
Namesik. I, 13. Fishes. Namessall, fishes. Zeis. Gram., p. 101.
Namesuagipek. III, 12. Fish resort sea. Namaes, fish; pek, lake.
Nanaboush. II, 8, 13. Nana-hare. See p. 130.
Nantiné. I, 19. The fairies. Naten, to fetch. Z.
Nantinewak. I, 18. Fairies also. Pl. form from naten, to fetch.
Nekama. IV, 9, 10, 19. Him. Him, them.
Nekohatami. IV, 35. Alone the first. Netami, the first.
Nemassipi. IV, 49. Fish river. Namaes, fish; sipi, river.
Nenachihat. V, 58. Watcher. Nenachgistawachtin, to listen to one another, to hear one. K. Hence hearer.
Nentegowi. V, 16. The Nentegos. Nentégo is the proper name of the Nanticokes, who inhabited the eastern shore of Maryland. See p. 22.
Netamaki. I, 24. First land. Netami, first; aki, land.
Netami. I, 12, 18, 19. The first. Netami, the first. Z. Gram., p. 108.
Nguttichin. III, 16. All agreed. 'Nguttitehen, to be of one heart and mind. Z.
Nigoha. I, 18. Mother. Ngahomes, my mother. See Zeis. Gram., p. 100.
Nihantowit. II, 4. Dead keeper. 'Nihillowet, murderer (nihillanowet). See p. 102.
Nihillanep. IV, 43. He killed. See p. 102.
Nihillapewin. III, 11. Being free. Nihillapewi, free. Z. See p. 101.
Nihillen. III, 15. To kill or annihilate. Nihilla, I kill. Z. See p. 101.
Nijini. I, 10, 19; II, 2. The Jins. Nik, these, those. K. Nigani, the first, the foremost. Z. See notes.
Nillawi. III, 18. By night or in the dark. Nipahwi, by night. Z.
Nipahum. I, 5. Moon. Nipahump, moon, Min.
Nishawi. II, 3. Both, Nischa, two.
Nitaton. IV, 11. To be able. To know how to do it. Z.
Nitatonep. IV, 43. He was able. See above. Preterit.
Nitisak. I, 16. Friends. Nitis, confidential friend. (Heck, p. 438.)
Nitilowan. IV, 54. Friends of north. Nitis, and lowan, north.
Nolandowak. IV, 49. Lazy they. Nolhand, lazy. K.
Nolemiwi. I, 3. Invisible. Invisible. Z.
Nungihillan. III, 10. By trembling. Nungihillan, to tremble. K.
Nungiwi. IV, 64. Trembling he. See above.
Okwewi. I, 18. Wives. Ochquewak, women. Z.
Okwisapi. III, 19 With wives or women of man. Ochque, woman; ape, man.
Oligonunk. IV, 29. Hollow mountain over. Wahlo, a cavern or a hollow between hills. Oley, in Berks county, Pa., the name of a Moravian settlement, is from this root.
Olini. III, 18. The men or people. From root ni, p. 101.
Olumapi. IV, 23. Bundler of written sticks. See p. 161.
Onowutok. V, 12. Prophet. Owoatan, to know. K.
Opannek. III, 16. They went. From aan, to go, and perhaps with prefix wab or op, east.
Opekasit. IV, 47. Easterly looking. Waopink or opūnk, opossum. From the root wab, white. See p. 43.
Opeleken. I, 8. It looks bright. Root wab or op. See last word.
Otaliwako. V, 43. There snake or Otalis (Cherokis).
Otaliwi. V, 56. Cherokees of Mts.
Ouken. III, 12. Fathers. Ochwall, his father. Zeis. Gram, p. 100.
Owagan. I, 22, or Owagon, I, 7. Deeds, action. A verbal suffix. See p. 101.
Owak. I, 4. Much air or clouds. An error for woak, and. Comp. Zeis. Spelling Book, p. 122.
Owanaku. I, 2. Foggy. Awonn. Z. Auan, N. J., fog.
Owini. I, 12. First beings I, 16; II, 5, 9. Beings. Rafinesque says of this word, that it "may be analyzed o-wi-ni, 'such they men' or beings." It would seem to be a form of the substantive verb termination wi.
Owinkwak. I, 10. First beings also. Owini, and wak, and.
Paganchihilla. IV, 59. Great fulfiller. Pachgihillan, to break, break asunder. K.
Pakimitzin. V, 49. Cranberry eating. Pakihm, cranberries; mitzin, to eat.
Pallalogas. I, 22. Crime. Pallalogosawagan, crime, evil deed. Zeis. Gram., p. 103.
Palliaal. III, 9. Go away. The same. Zeis. Gram., p. 243. An imperative; but not so used in the text.
Pailihilla. IV, 56. Spoil and killing. From pallilissin, to do wrong. Zeis. Gram., p. 243.
Palliton. II, 3. Fighting. II, 5. To destroy or spoil. II, 7. Much spoiling or destroying. Palliton, to do ill, to spoil. Zeis. Gram., p. 222.
Pallitonep. IV, 44, 46. He war made. It is the imperfect of palliton, to despoil, fight.
Pallitonepit. IV, 47. At the warfare. Preterit of the above.
Palliwi. II, 16. Elsewhere. Ibid. Z.
Palpal. II, 12. Come, come. Palite, when he comes. Z.
Paniton. II, 15. Let it be. Paliton, to spoil, injure. Z.
Pataman. II, 15. Praying. Pataman, to pray. K.
Pawanami. V, 14. Rich water turtle. Pawalessin, to be rich.
Pawasinep. III, 13. Rich was. Pawa, rich.
Payat. I, 23. Coming. Paan, to come. Conjugated in Zeis. Gram., p. 148. Payat, he who comes or is coming. From the root an, to move. Cf. Aan.
Payat-chik. I, 22. Coming them. See above.
Payaking. III, 20. Coming at. See above.
Payat payat. II, 12. Coming, coming. See above.
Pechimin. III, 10. Thus escaping. Pach-, to separate, divide, to split asunder.
Pehella. II, 7. Much water rushing. II, 10. Flood. See Kschippehellen.
Peklinkwekin. V, 59. Sea looking. Pek, still water, lake, sea.
Pekochilowan. V, 23. Near north. Lowan, north.
Pemaholend. IV, 20. Constantly beloved. Ahoala, to love.
Pemapaki. IV, 14. Lake land. Apparently for menuppekink, at the lake.
Pematalli. V, 17. Constant those. Talli, there.
Penauwelendamep. II, 5. Resolved. Penauwelendam, to consider about something. Z.
Penkwihilen. II, 16. It is drying. Penquihillen, dried. K.
Pepomahemen. V, 8. Navigator up. Doubtful.
Petonep. II, 6. He brought. Peton, to bring. Z.
Peyachik. III, 4. Comers. See Payat.
Pikihil. III, 10. Is torn. Pikihillen, torn, rent in pieces. K.
Pilwhalin. IV, 21. Holy goer. Pilhik, clean, pure.
Pimikhasuwi. IV, 57. Stirring about he.
Piskwilowan. V, 31. Against north. Tipisqui, against. Z. Lowan, north.
Pitenumen. V, 39. Mistaken. Pitenummen, to make a mistake. Z.
Pohoka. II, 7. Much go to hills. Pokawachne, creek between two hills. The word does not refer to hills, but to the division, cleft or valley between hills.
Pokhapokhapek. III, 12. Gaping sea, Pocqueu, a muscle, clam. Z. An important article of food to the natives; pek, a lake or sea.
Pokhakhopak. III, 17. At gap snake sea. See above.
Pokwihil. III, 4. Divided or broken. III, 10. Is broken. Poquihilleu or poquiecheu, broken. K. The root is pach, to split, divide.
Pomisinep. IV, 52. Went or passed. Pomsin, to walk. K.
Pommixin. II, 9, 10. Creeping. Pommisgen, to begin to walk; pommixin, to creep. K.
Ponskan. III, 18. Much walking. Pommauchsin, to walk.
Powa. III, 4. Rich, for Pawa, rich, etc. See p. 70. See words under pawa.
Powako. I, 21. Priest snake. See above.
Powatanep. IV, 39. Pontiff was. See above.
Powatapi. III, 19. Priest manly. See above.
Psakwiken. III, 1. Close together. Psakquiechen, close together. K.
Pungelika. V, 31. Lynx well like (Eries). Pongus, sand fly. K. Doubtful.
Pungusak. I, 15. Gnats. Pongus, sand fly, K.
Sakelendam. IV, 47. Being sad. Sakquelendam, to be sad. K.
Sakima. IV, 5. King. See p. 46.
Sakimachik. IV, 26. See above.
Sakimak. IV, 17. Kings. See above.
Sakimakichwon. V, 33. With this great king. See above.
Sakimalanop. IV, 33. King was made. See above.
Sakimanep. IV, 8, 9, 15, 18. King was. See above. Preterite form.
Saskwihanang. V, 24. Susquehanah (branchy R.) at. See p. 14.
Sayewis. I, 3. First being. Schawi, immediately, directly. Z.
Shabigaki. IV, 13. Shore land. This seems a more correct form than Heckewelder's scheyichbi. See p. 40.
Shak. I, 14. But. Schuk, but.
Shakagapewi. IV, 64. Just and upright he. Schachachgapewi, he is honest, righteous. K.
Shakagapip. IV, 19. A just man he was. Schachach, straight; here used in a metaphorical sense for just.
Shawaniwaen. IV, 12, 24. South he goes. Shawano, south.
Shawanaki. IV, 13. South land. Shawano, south; aki, land. Zeis. gives schawenneu for south.
Shawanaking. V, 10. South land at. See above.
Shawanapi. III, 19. Southern manly. Shawano, and ape, man.
Shawaniluen. IV, 10. South he saying. Shawano, and luen, to say.
Shawaniwak. IV, 59. South they go. Shawano, and ewak.
Shawanipalat. V, 42. South warrior. Shawano, and itapalat.
Shawanipekis. IV, 60. South of the lakes. Shawano, and pek, lake.
Shawaniwi. III, 6. Southerlings. Shawano, with suffix wi.
Shawanowi. V, 10. The Shawani. See above.
Shawapama. IV, 17. South and east there. Shawano, wapan, east, and ma, there.
Shawelendamep. II, 2. Become troubled. Acquiwelendam, to disquiet. Z. With intensive prefix ksch.
Shawoken. III, 10. So far going. Schewak, weak?
Shayabinitis. V, 57. Shore friend. See next words. Nitis, friend.
Shayabian. V, 37. Shore (or Jersey) going. Schejek, a string of wampum. Z.
Sheyabing. V, 51. At New Jersey or shore. Scheyichbi, Indian name of New Jersey. (Heck., p. 51.) See p. 40.
Shinaking. III, 20; IV, 1, 5. At fir-land. Chip. jin-goh, spruce fir. Bar. Schind, spruce. Z. Aki, land; nk, locative termination, "the place of spruce firs."
Shingalan. II, 2. Hating. Schingalan, to hate somebody. K.
Shingalusit. II, 2; V, 56. Foe, foes. Schingalusit, enemy, adversary. K.
Shiwapi. IV, 27. Salt man. Schwewak, salt meat; sikey, salt.
Showihilla. IV, 7. Weak. Schawek, weak.
Shukand. I, 20. But then. Schukund, only, but then.
Sili. III, 3. Cattle. Sisili, a buffalo. See note to verse.
Sin. III, 4. To be. Lissin, to be or do so.
Sinako. V, 16. Strong snake. Assin, stone; aki, land.
Sipakgamen. IV, 55. River over against. Sipi, river. See Agamunk.
Sisilaki. IV, 14. Cattle land. Sisiliamuus, a buffalo, N. J.
Sisilaking. IV, 29. Cattle land at. Sisili, buffalo; aki, land.
Sittamaganat. V, 2. Path leader. Pipe-bearer. See note to IV, 2.
Sitwahikho. II, 16. Path of cave. Tschitqui, silent; tschitquihillewak, they are silent. Z.
Slangelendam. IV, 31. Disliking. Skattelendam, to loathe, to hate.
Sohalawak. I, 4, 5, 6, 14, 15; IV, 23. He causes them. See note.
Sohalgol. IV, 25. He causes it. See last word.
Taquachi. IV, 24. Shiverer with cold. Tachquatten, frozen. K.
Takauwesit. III, 5. The best. Tach, together, to tie, etc. Hence united, harmonious.
Talamatan. IV, 54, 61, 63, 64. Hurons. See p. 16.
Talamatanitis. IV, 61. Huron friends. See Lamatanitis.
Talegachukang. V, 19. Allegheny Mts going. Doubtful.
Talegaking. V, 1. Talega land at. See p. 230.
Taleganah. V, 14. Talega R, at. See p. 230.
Talegawik. IV, 56. Talega they. See p. 230.
Talegawil. IV, 52. Talega head or emperor. See p. 230. Wil, head.
Talegawunkik. V, 45. Talegas west visitor. See p. 230. Wunken, west; kiwiken, to visit.
Talligewi. IV, 50. Talegas or there found. See p. 229.
Tamaganat. IV, 55. Leader. Gelelemend = the leader. Heck. Ind. Names, p. 392. See note to IV, 2.
Tamaganena. V, 2. Chieftain such or Beaver leader. Pipe-bearer. See note to IV, 2.
Tamakwapi. III, 19. Beaver manly. Tamaque. Camp. Ktemaque. Zeis. A beaver. Mohegan, amuchke, Schmick.
Tamakwi. IV, 12. Beaver he. See last word.
Tamenend. IV, 35; Tamanend, V, 32. Affable (beaver like). Temenend, affable. Heck.
Tankawun. V, 9. Little cloud. Tangelensuwi, modest, humble; tangitti, small.
Tapitawi. II, 14. Altogether. Tachguiwi, together. Z.
Tashawinso. V, 51. At leisure gatherer.
Tasukamend. IV, 19. Never black or bad. Ta, not, suckeu, black. Z.
Tatalli. II, 10. Which way or shall there. Tatalli, whitherwards. K.
Tawanitip. V, 49. Ottawas made friends; nitis, friend.
Tellen. IV, 17. Ten.
Tellenchen kittapakki. III, 18. 10,000.
Tenche kentit. IV, 58. Opening path. Tenk, titit, little. K. Doubtful.
Tendki. III, 8. Being there. Tindey, fire. Z. Tenden, Min.; yawagan tendki, the cabin-fires.
Tenk wonwi. IV, 27, 30. Dry-he. Teng- or tenk- = little. K.
Thupin. III, 2. It is cold. Teu, it is cold. K.
Tihill. III, 3. Coolness. Tillihan, it is cool. K.
Topan. III, 2. It freezes. Tepan, white frost.
Topanpek. III, 16. Frozen sea. Tepan, and; pek, lake.
Towakon. IV, 46. Towako. V, 16. Father snake. Tawa and aki, the Ottawas or Twightees. See note to V, 16.
Tsehepicken. IV, 49. Separated. Tschetschpiechen, to separate. K.
Tulagishatten. II, 9. At Tula he is ready. Tulpe, turtle; gischatten, it is ready, done, finished.
Tulamokom. II, 13. A turtle's grandfather. Tulpe, turtle. See Mokom.
Tulapewi. II, 14. Turtle there. Tulpe, a water turtle. K.
Tulapewini. III, 1. Turtle being. See above.
Tulapima. II, 14. Turtle there. Tulpe, and ma, there.
Tulapin. II, 10. Turtle-back. Tulpe, turtle.
Tulapit. II, 8. At Tula or turtle land. Tulpe, and epit, q. v.
Tulapiwi. III, 7. The turtling. Tulpe, and suffix wi.
Tulpenaki. III, 7. Turtle country. Tulpe, and aki, land.
Tulpewi. II, 15. Turtle he. See above. Tulapewi.
Tulpewik. I, 13. Turtles. See above.
Tumaskan. IV, 42. Wolf strong. Temmeu, wolf, Z.
Tumewand. V, 29. The wolfers (mohican). Temmeu, wolf, anit = the wolf god, or magician.
Tumewapi. III, 19. Wolf manly. Temmeu, and ape man; a nomen gentile.
Uchewak. I, 15. Flies. Utschewak, flies. Z.
Unamini. V, 52. Turtle tribe. See p. 36.
Unchihillen. V, 39. Coming from somewhere. Untschihilleu it comes from somewhere rapidly, to flow out.
Wagan. II, 16. Action. See Owagan.
Wak. I, 2. And. Id.
Wakaholend. IV, 33. Loving, beloved. Ahoalan, to love. Woakaholend. Heck. Ind. Names, p. 395.
Wakon. I, 21. Snake god. Wachunk, high (Min.) Perhaps a form of akiuk, earthward.
Wallama. IV, 40. Painted. See p. 161.
Wallamolumin. V, 5. Painted-booking. See p. 161.
Wangomend. V, 55. Saluted. Id. Heck. Ind. Names, p. 395.
Wapachikis. V. 57. White crab. Woapeu, white. Z. The root wab, wap, or op, white, light, the east, etc., occurs in numerous words.
Wapagumoshki. V, 44. White otter. See above.
Wapagishik. IV, 48. East sun or sunrise. Wap, and gischuch.
Wapagokhos. IV, 8. White owl. Wap, and gokhos, owl. Z.
Wapahacki. V, 37. White body. Wap, and hackey, body.
Wapahoning. V, 11. White Lick at. Wap, and mahoning. Z. At the deer lick.
Wapakisinep. V, 21. East land was. Wap, and aki, land, with preterit suffix.
Wapalaneng. V, 2. White river at. Wap, and amkannink at the river.
Wapala wikwan. V, 20. East settling place. Wap, and wikwam, house.
Wapallanewa. IV, 2. White eagle. Woaplanne, the bald eagle. Z.
Wapallendi. IV, 52. East some. Wap, east; allende, some.
Wapanaki. III, 18. Eastern land. Wap, east; aki, land.
Wapanapi. III, 19. Eastern manly. Wap, east or white; ape, man.
Wapaneken. IV, 48. East going together. Wap, east; see Eken.
Wapanen. III, 9. Easterly. Wap, east.
Wapanand. V, 29. The easters. Wap, east.
Wapanichan. IV, 32. East moving. Wap, east.
Wapaniwaen. IV, 12, 28. East he goes. Wap, east; aan, to go.
Wapaniwi. III, 6, 16. Easterlings. Wap, east; wi, substantive verb suffix.
Wapashum. V, 45. White big horn. Wap, white; wschummo, horn. Z.
Wapasinep. III, 13. East was or bright. Wap, east; preterit termination.
Wapawaki. IV, 51. East rich land.
Wapawullaton. IV, 50. East possessing. Wap, east; wullaton, to possess.
Wapayachik. V, 59. White or east coming. Wap, east; payat, q. v.
Wapekunchi. V, 40. East sea from. Wap, east; doubtful.
Wapkicholan. IV, 38. White crane or big bird. Wap, white; tscholen, bird.
Waplanowa. III, 12. White eagle. Woaplanne, a bald eagle. Z.
Waplowaan. V, 29. East, north, do go. Wap, east; lowan, north, aan, to go.
Wapsipayat. V, 40. Whites coming. Wap, white; payat, q. v.
Waptalegawing. V, 20. East of Talega at. Wap east; talega, q. v.
Waptipatit. IV, 41. White chicken. Wap, white; tipatit, chicken.
Waptumewi. III, 12. White wolf. Wap, white; temmeu, wolf.
Wapushuwi. V, 3. White lynx he. Wap, white.
Wasiotowi. V. 56. Wasioto. Doubtful.
W'delsinewap. I, 16. Were there. Preterit of lissin, to be so.
Wekwochella. IV, 30. Much fatigued. Wiquehilla, to be tired. Z.
Wellaki. IV, 3. Fine land. Wulit, fine; aki, land.
Wemaken. III, 15. All snaking. Wemi, all; aki, land, earth; the whole land.
Wematan. III, 14. All let us go. Wemi, and atam, q. v.
Wemelowichik. V, 26. All hunters. Wemi, all; elauwitschik, hunters.
Wemi. I, 7, 6, 16, 20. All. Id. Wemiako. III, 8. All the snakes. Wemi, all; achgook, snake; or, aki, land.
Wemiamik. V. 48. All children (Miamis). Doubtful.
Wemichemap. II, 12. All helped. Wemi, all; mitschemuk, he helps me. Z.
Wemiguma. I, 1. Wemi, all; guma, sea water. See note to passage.
Wemiluen. III, 15. All saying. Wemi, all; luen, to say.
Wemimokom. II, 13. Of all grandfather. Wemi, and mokom, q. v.
Wemilowi. IV, 53. All say. Wemi, all; luen, to say.
Weminitis. IV, 35. All being friends. V, 33. All friendly. Wemi, all; nitis, friends.
Wemipalliton. IV, 43. To war on all. Wemi, and palliton, q. v.
Wemima. IV, 2. All there. Wemi, all; ma, there.
Wemilat. IV, 58. All given to him. Wemi, and miltin, q. v.
Wemilo. IV, 5. All say to him. Wemi, and luen, to say.
Weminilluk. IV, 15. All warred. Wemi, and nihillan, q. v.
Weminitik. V, 48. All friends or allies. Wemi, and nitis.
Weminungwi. V, 31. All trembling. Wemi and nungihillan, to tremble.
Wemi owenluen. III, 8. To all saying. Wemi, and luen, to say.
Wemi tackwicken. V, 33. All united. Tachquiwi, together.
Wemiten. III, 11. All go out. IV, 54. To go all united. Wemiten (infin), to go all forth or abroad. Z. Gr. 244.
Wemoltin. II, 10. All go forth. III, 9, 18. They go forth. They are all going forth. Z. Gr. p. 244.
Wemopannek. III, 17. All went. Wemi, with past preterit suffix.
Wenchikit. V, 52. Offspring. Wentschiken, to descend, to grow out of. Z.
Wetamalowi. IV, 33. The wise they. Wewoatamamine, wise man. Z.
Wewoattan. IV, 42. To be wise or by wise. Woaton, to know. Z.
Wich. I, 7. With. Witschi, with.
Wichemap. II, 12. Helped. Witscheman, to help somebody.
Wihillan. I, 23. Destroying or distemper. Nihillan, to destroy.
Wiblamok. III, 14. Head beaver. Wil, head; amuchke, beaver. Moh.
Wikhichik. III, 4. Tillers. Wikhetschik, cultivators of the earth. Z.
Wiki. II, 4. With. Witschi, with.
Wikwan. V, 20. Wikwam, house.
Wilawapi. III, 19. Rich manly. Wil, head; ape, man.
Winakicking. V, 25, 27. Sassafras land at or Penna. Winak, sassafras. Z.
Winakununda. V, 36. Sassafras tarry. Winak, sassafras, guneunga, q. v.
Winelowich. V, 18. Snow hunter. Wineu, snow; elauwitsch, hunter.
Wineu. III, 2. It snows. Wineu, it snows.
Wingelendam. IV, 60. Wingelendam, to approve, to like. Z.
Wingenund. IV, 39. Mindful.
Wingi. I, 20. Willingly. Wingi, fain, gladly, willing.
Winiaken. III, 11. At the land of snow. Wineu, it snows; aki, land.
Winimokom. II, 13. Of beings grandfather. Owini and Mokom, q. v.
Wisawana. IV, 34. Yellow River. Wisaweu, yellow; amhanne, river.
Wishanem. II, 15. Frightened. Wischaleu, he is frightened. Z.
Wishi. I, 17. Good. Probably for mesitche = Chip. mitcha, etc., great.
Witchen. III, 15. Going with. Witen, to go with. K.
Wittank. IV, 34. Town. Witen, to go or dwell with.
Wittanktalli. III, 1. Dwelling of Talli. Witen, to go with. Z. talli, there. Z.
Wiwunch. I, 24. Very long. Wiwuntschi, before now, of old. K.
Wokenapi. IV, 11. Fathers men. Woaklappi repeatedly, again. K.
Wokgetaki. I, 1. Wokget, on the top; aki, land. Wochgitschi, above, on top; aki, land, earth.
Woliwikgun. III, 1. Cane house. Walak, hole; walkeu, he is digging a hole. Z.
Wolomenap. V, 28. Hollow men. Wahhillemato, wide, far. K.
Won. I, 24. This. Won, this, this one. K.
Wonwihil. V, 40, 59. At this time. Won, this, wil, head.
Wsamimaskan. IV, 57. Too much strong. Maskan, great.
W'shakuppek. III, 17. Smooth deep water. Wschacheu, it is slippery, smooth, glossy; pek, lake, sea.
Wtakan. III, 3. Mild. Wtakeu, soft, tender. Z.
W'tamaganat. IV, 37. And chieftain. The smoker or pipe bearer. See note to IV, 2.
Wtenk. I, 11. After. Ibid.
Wulakeningus. V, 42. Well praised. Wulakenimgussin, to be praised. K.
Wulamo. II, 1; IV, 1; V, 1. Long ago. Wulamoe, long ago.
Wulaton. III, 3; IV, 11. To possess.
Wulliton. III, 16. Wulaton, to save, to put up. K. Wuliton, to make well. K.
Wulatenamen. V, 41. To be happy. Ibid.
Wulelemil. III, 17. Wonderful. Wulelemi, wonderful.
Wuliton. II, 15. To make well, to do well. Z. Gr. p. 222.
Wulitowin. IV, 20. Good who (did). See last word.
Wulitshinik. V, 4. Good stony or well, hardy. Wulit, good; assin, stone.
Wulitpallat. V, 30. Good warrior. Wulit, good; itopallat, warrior.
Wunand. I, 17. A good god. Root Wun. See p. 104.
Wundanuksin. IV, 32. Being angry. Wundanuxin, to be angry at or for. K.
Wunkenahep. V, 12. West he went. Wundcheneu, it is west.
Wunkenapi. III, 20. Western man. Wundchen, west; ape, man.
Wunkeniwi. III, 6. Westerlings. See above.
Wunkiwikwotank. V, 13. West he visited. See above. Kiwichen, to visit.
Wunpakitonis. V, 13. West abandoned. Pakiton, to throw away.
Wunshawononis. V, 13. West southerners. Shawano, south.
Yagawan. III, 8. (In the) huts. Ibid.
Yagawanend. IV, 50. Hut maker. See last word.
Yuch. I, 6. Well. Yuh. H. Yuch. K. Yuk, these. K.
Yukepechi. IV, 1. Till there. Yukepetschi, till now, hitherto. K.
Yuknohokluen. IV, 48. Let us go saying. Doubtful.
Yulik. I, 6. These. Yukik, these. K.
Yutali. I, 2, 22. There. Jutalli, just here. K.
APPENDIX.
AGOZHAGÀUTA. (page 14. Note.)
With reference to this word I have been favored with the opinions of Gen. Clark, Mr. Horatio Hale, and the Rev. J. A. Cuoq, all able Iroquois scholars.
Gen. Clark and Mr. Hale believe that it is a dialectic or corrupt form for agotsaganha, which is a derivature from atsagannen (Bruyas, Radices Verborum Iroquaeorum, p. 42). This verbal means, in one conjugation, "to speak a foreign language," and in another, "to be of a different language, to be a foreigner." The prefix ago or ako is an indefinite pronoun, having the same form in both singular and plural, and is used with national or tribal appellations, as in akononsionni, "People of the Long House," the general name of the Five Nations. Gen. Clark notes that the term agotsaganens, or agotsaganes, was the term applied by the Iroquois to the Mohegans, = "People who speak a foreign tongue." (Jogues, Novum Belgium (1646), and Pa. Colonial Records, vol. vi, p. 183.)
The Rev. Mr. Cuoq believes that the proper form is akotsakannha, which in his alphabet is the same as agotsaganha, but he limits its meaning to "on est Abnaquis," from aktsakann, "être Abnaquis." (See his Lexique de la Langue Iroquoise, pp. 1, 155.) The general name applied by the Iroquois to the Algonkins he gives as Ratirontaks, from karonta, tree, and ikeks, to eat, "Tree-eaters" (Lexique, p. 88); probably they were so called from their love of the product of the sugar maple.
DIALECT OF THE NEW JERSEY LENAPE. (p. 46)
An interesting specimen of the South Jersey dialect of the Lenape is preserved in the office of the Secretary of State, Trenton, N.J. It is a list of 237 words and phrases obtained in 1684, at Salem, N.J. It was published in the American Historical Record, vol. I, pp. 308-311, 1872. The orthography is English, and it is evidently the same trader's jargon which Gabriel Thomas gives. (See p. 76.) The r is frequent; man is renus leno; devil is manitto; God is hockung tappin (literally, "he who is above"). There are several typographical errors in the printed vocabulary.
REV. ADAM GRUBE. (p. 84.)
His full name was Bernhard Adam Grube. Between 1760-63 he was missionary in charge of the Moravian mission at Wechquetank, Monroe County, Pa., and there translated into Delaware, with the aid of a native named Anton, a "Harmony of the Gospels," and prepared an "Essay of a Delaware Hymn Book." Both these were printed by J. Brandmüller, at Friedensthal, Pa., and issued in 1763; but no copy of either is known to exist.
EASTERN ORIGIN OF THE ALGONKINS. (pp. 12 and 145.)
Quite recently M. Emile Petitot, in an article entitled, "De la pretendue Origine Orientale des Algonquins" (Bulletin de la Société d'Anthropologie, 1884, p. 248), has attacked the theory that the Algonkin migrations were from the northeasterly portions of the American continent, toward the west and south. His arguments are based on two Cree legends which he relates, one of which is certainly and the other probably of modern date, as the incidents show; and on his criticism of the derivation of the name "Abnaki". Of this he says: "Wabang signifie plutôt detroit que orient; et quant au mot askiy ou ahkiy, il vent dire terre, et non pas peuple".
Now, no one ever claimed that abnaki meant eastern people. The Abbé Maurault translates the form Abanki by "terre au Levant." (Histoire des Abénakis, Introd. p. ii, Quebec, 1866.) In Cree wapaw, in Chipeway wabi, mean narrows or strait; but they are derivatives from the root wab, and mean a light or open place between two approaching shores, as Chip. wabigama, or wabimagad, "there is a strait between the two shores." (Baraga, Otchipwe Dictionary.) The name Abnaki is, moreover, no argument either for or against the eastern origin of the Algonkin stock, as it was merely a local term applied to a very small branch of it by the French. Hence M. Petitot's criticisms on the theory under consideration are misplaced and of no weight.
To what has been said in the text I may add that the Algonkins who visited Montreal early in the 17th century retained distinct traditions that they had once possessed the land to the east of that city, and had been driven south and west by the Huron-Iroquois. See the Abbé Maurault, Histoire des Abénakis, p. 111, and Wm. W. Warren, Hist. of the Ojibways, Chap. IV (Minnesota, Hist. Colls., 1885).
INDEX OF AUTHORS
(The principal references are in full-faced type.)