Index
- Adils, E., 70, 71–74
- Ælla, King of Northumbria, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21 and n., 26
- Alfgeir, Earl, 65, 70–72
- Alfred the Great, 14, 22–35, 37, 52, 56, 136;
- his studies, 23, 24, 34;
- his laws and navy, 32–33;
- his “Manual,” 24;
- his liberality, 33.
- His “Life” (see Asser)
- Alfred “the Ætheling,” 185, 211–212, 217, 222
- Alfvine, a champion, 93–94
- Amazons, 17
- Anglesea Sound, B. of, 237–238 (see Mona)
- Anses, the, 21
- Antrim, 119
- Ardee, B. of, 120
- Armagh, 45–46, 118
- Armour, 130, 152, 240
- Ashdune, B. of, 27–28, 29
- Aslang, w. of Raynar Lodbrog, 21 and n.
- Asser, 23, 28, 31, 34;
- his “Life of Alfred,” 23, 24
- Astrid, m. of Olaf Trygveson, 91, 92
- Athelney, Isle of, 30, 32
- Athelstan the Great, King of England, 46, 54, 56–77, 78–81, 84, 179
- Aud (O. U. Audr), 47 (and see Unn)
- Augvaldness, B. of, 87
- Baltic, 92, 103
- Baptism, Christian, 81, 84, 114–115, 148;
- Baptism, Pagan, 78–79 and n.;
- 911 (and see “Prime-signing”)
- Bath, 184
- Bedford, 53
- Bergen, 89
- Bergthora, w. of Nial, 157, 162, 168, 170, 172–73, 175
- Bergthors-knoll, 166
- Berkshire, E. of, 27
- “Berserkin fury,” 72 and n.
- Bertric, King of Wessex, 12
- Biorn, “the Eastman,” 6, 47–49, 50
- Blacaire, Danish, Lord of Dublin, 120
- “Bondes” or landowners, 88, 97, 98, 208, 242
- “Book of Settlements,” 37
- Brian Boru, King of Munster and Ireland, 135–142, 145, 148–152;
- his hardships, 136;
- King of Munster, 138;
- his beneficent reign, 139;
- his death at B. of Clontarf, 149–152
- Britain, 6, 16
- Brodir, a Viking, 146–147, 151–152
- “Broad-cloth” Cruise, 245
- Brunanburh, or Brumby, B. of, 60–77, 135
- Burhred, King of Mercia, 22, 26, 29
- Burial (in mounds), 41, 82, 89, 109;
- (ship-burials), 51, 90
- Bury St Edmunds, in Suffolk, 198
- Caithness, 5, 48, 108, 154, 158
- Callaghan, King of Munster, 117, 119
- Canterbury, 25, 183, 189
- Cantyre, 238
- Canute, or Knut, “the Great” (King of England and Denmark), 6, 32, 55, 179, 180, 185, 186, 191–210, 214–217, 218, 227
- Carlingford Lough, 118
- Christianity, 12, 66, 114–115, 146;
- forced upon Norway, 85–87, 100
- Chronicles—
- English Ch., 35 n., 60–61, 180, 192, 212;
- Ethelwerd’s Ch., 13 n.;
- William of Malmesbury’s Ch., 30, 34, 54, 57, 59, 61;
- Asser’s “Life of Alfred the Great,” 23, 24
- Clonmacnois, 45
- Clontarf, B. of, 114, 116, 135, 148–156
- Conang, nephew of King Brian, 141
- Connaught, 119, 135
- Constantine, King of the Scots, 59, 60
- Cornwall, 57–58
- Cumberland, 57
- Dane’s, first arrival of, 11–13;
- Conquests and Settlements, 5, 22, 25–27, 29, 46, 60–61, 111, 135, 179, 182, 184, 186, 187, 217–218;
- called “Dark Foreigners,” 47
- Danegeld, 179–180, 152, 225
- Danish Kings, 6, 31, 179, 180, 186, 191, 198–199, 208, 209, 211–213, 217, 218, 219, 235
- Danish Kings of Dublin and Northumbria, 6, 14, 29, 46–47, 58–59, 93, 118–119
- Death-Song (of Raynor Lodbrog), 20, 21
- Denmark, 31, 39, 40, 87, 123, 179, 191, 203, 209, 212, 213, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220
- Derby, 53
- Devon, 22, 30
- Donagh, King of Ireland, 118, 120
- Donovan, Munster Chief, 137
- Dorchester, 13
- Downpatrick, 242
- Dublin, 19, 46, 96, 116, 117, 118, 142, 145, 148, 239, 245–47
- East Anglia, 22, 27, 32, 38, 183, 189, 193, 194
- Eddington, B. of, 31
- Edgar, King of England, 179;
- laws of, 198
- Editha, w. of Edward the Confessor, 223, 224
- Edmund “the Martyr,” King of E. Anglia, 185, 198
- Edmund, b. of Athelstan, King of England, 61, 170
- Edmund “Ironside,” 194, 225
- Edric, Lord, of Mercia, 183, 194
- Edward the Ætheling, 225
- Edward “the Confessor,” King of England, 185, 212, 217, 219, 221–225, 226–227
- Edward “the Elder,” 33, 38, 52–54
- Edwy, King of England, 179
- Edwy, s. of Ethelred the Unready, 195
- Egil, s. of Skalligrim, 63, 65–66, 71–77
- Egil’s Saga, 6, 60, 63–65
- Einar (called “Torf-Einar,”) E. of Orkney, 111–113;
- his son, 114
- Einar Tambaskelfer, 106, 107
- Eirik, King of Sweden, 39, 40
- Eirik Hakonson, Earl, 102–107, 181, 186, 193, 194 and n. (and see Eric)
- Eithne or Audua, m. of E. Sigard, 114
- Ely, 211
- Emma, Queen of Ethelred II. and of Canute, 35, 182, 184–185, 195, 199, 211–212, 213–214, 221
- Englefield Green, B. of, 27
- English Channel, 5, 187, 194
- “Enhazelling,” a battle-field, 67, 69
- Erling Skialgson, 102
- Eric, or Eirik, “Bloodaxe,” King of Norway, 82, 84, 85, 113;
- King of Northumbria, 84;
- his sons, 82, 87–90, 113
- Essex, 189
- Ethelbald, King, 26
- Ethelbert, King, 26
- Ethelfled, “the Lady of the Mercians,” 52–53, 56
- Ethelred I., King of Wessex, 14, 26, 27–28, 29
- Ethelred II., “the Unready,” 35, 179–189, 219, 221;
- his sons, 195–196, 211, 212
- Ethelred, Prince of Mercia, 53
- Ethelwulf, King, 25, 26
- Eyvind, 88–89
- Eyvind, a Norwegian lord, 240–241
- Faröe Isles, 36, 42, 48–49
- Feudal System (in Norway), 42
- Fife, 5
- Fin-Barre, St, Gospel of, 137–138
- Fingall, 11
- Flanders, 65, 212 and n., 223, 224, 227
- Flosi, an Icelander, 166, 170–174
- Fosterage, 80–81, 128, 132–134, 157, 159
- France, 18, 35, 52, 72, 92, 218
- Freeman, “Norman Conquest,” 185 n., 190 n., 236 n.
- Gall-Gael, 12
- Galloway, 5
- Gaul, 23
- Germany, 18
- Gilli, the Russian, 123 and n., 125
- Glen of the Gap, B. of, 138, 141
- Gloucester, 53
- Godfrey, Danish King of Dublin, 59–60, 118
- Godred, King of Man, 158
- Godwin, Earl, 211, 221–225;
- sons of, 221, 223, 226
- Gorm the Old, King of Denmark, 11, 39, 40, 179, 200
- Gorm, or Guthrum, “the Englishman,” 31, 32, 35;
- baptismal name, Athelstan, 32;
- King of Denmark, 31, 32;
- King of East Anglia, 32
- Gormliath, or Kormlod, 139, 140, 142–143, 145–146, 148–149
- Grani, Gunnar’s son, 166, 170–171
- Greenwich, 185
- Grim, s. of Nial, 157, 158, 161, 163, 173
- Gudrek, Earl, 65
- Gunhild, w. of Eric “Bloodaxe,” 82
- Gunnar, Lambi’s son, 144–145, 157, 166, 170
- Gyda, w. of Harald Fairhair, 40
- Gyda, sister of Olaf Cuaran, 93–94
- Hakon the Old, King of Sweden, 92
- Hakon “the Good,” King of Norway, 54, 57, 79–90, 122–123, 179;
- fostered by Athelstan, 80–81;
- returns to Norway, 83–84;
- forces the people to become Christians, 85–86, 100;
- “Hakon’s Hill,” 89–90
- Hakon, Earl, Governor of Norway, 95–99;
- slain, 99, 193
- Hakon, Earl, Eirik’s son, 193, 196, 197, 200, 208, 216
- Halfdan, “Long-legs,” s. of Harald Fairhair, 112–113
- Halfdan the Black, King of Norway, 39
- Halfdene, s. of Raynar Lodbrog, 29
- Halfred, Norse poet, 107
- Hallad, s. of Ragnvald, 109–110
- Hame, f. of Ælla, 14 n., 18
- Hampshire, or Hants, 22, 30
- Harald, King of England, s. of Canute, 195, 209, 211–212, 217
- Harald “Blue-tooth,” s. of Gorm “the Old,” 179, 180
- Harald Fairhair, King of Norway, 11, 36–44, 47, 52, 57, 78–81, 82, 83, 84, 96, 99, 113;
- his policy, 5, 37, 39, 40, 42;
- his sons, 112–113
- Harald Sigurdson, “Hardrada,” King of Norway, 228–236, 237
- “Harald Hardrada’s Stave,” 230
- Harald, E. of Orkney, 245
- Hardacanute, King of Denmark and England, 179, 195, 208, 209, 212–218, 221, 222
- Harek of Throtta, 205–206
- Harold, s. of Godwin, King of England, 211, 223, 224, 225, 226–236
- Hastings, or Senlac, B. of, 235, 236 n.
- Hauk “Haabrok,” 80–81
- Hebrides, or Sudreys, 5, 18, 37, 42, 43, 48, 52, 55, 110, 113, 119, 237, 238, 244
- Helga River, B. of, 204–205, 215
- Helgi, s. of “Ketill Flatnose,” 47, 50
- Helgi, s. of Nial, 157, 158, 163, 169–172
- Hellespont, 19
- “Heptarchy,” 38
- Hereford, 53
- Herlang, King, 41
- Hlodver, Earl of Orkney, 114
- Hlodver, Sigurd’s son, “Whelp,” 115
- Hogmanay night, 86
- Hoskuld, f. of Olaf the Peacock, 51, 122
- Hoskuld, foster son of Nial, 157, 159–165
- Howel, King of Wales, 59
- Humber, River, 14, 60
- Hungary, King of, 225
- Hrafn, the “Limerick trader,” 37
- Hrafn, “the Red,” 153
- Hrane, 196–197
- Hring, Earl, 71–73
- Hrollaug, King, 41
- Hrollaug, s. of Ragnvald, 111
- Iceland, 5, 6, 37, 42, 47, 49–50, 63, 66, 114, 121, 122, 144, 154, 157
- Inti. Gall (see Hebrides)
- Iona, 12
- Ireland, 5, 6, 11, 16, 19, 20, 37, 38, 42, 45–47, 53, 114, 116, 117, 145, 146, 223, 244
- Irish hermits, 12
- Ivar the Boneless, s. of Ragnar Lodbrog, 11 n., 16, 17, 18, 29, 30;
- called Ivar Vidfadme, 11
- Ivar, Prince of Limerick, 137
- Jorunn, w. of Hoskuld, 123, 125–126
- Jutland, 16, 18
- Kari, Solmund’s son, 145, 158, 161–164, 168, 170, 174
- Kark, a slave, 98–99
- Kennedy, f. of King Brian, 136
- Kent, 13, 25, 26, 223
- Ketill “Flatnose,” 47–48
- Killaloe, 141
- Kincora, Palace of, 136, 140–142
- Kingston-on-Thames, 57
- Kjartan, s. of Olaf “Pa,” 134
- Law-courts in Iceland, 157–160
- Laxdæla Saga, 121, 122
- Lay of the Darts (“Darradar-Liod”), 155–156
- Leicester, 53
- Leinster, 119, 138–139, 142;
- Melmora, king of, 139–141;
- palace of, 138
- Liffey, River, 148
- Limerick, 37, 46, 137
- Lincolnshire, 22
- London, 25, 32, 80, 180, 183, 185, 187, 193, 217
- London Bridge, B. of, 188–190
- Maelbride (Melbrik), King of Dublin, 19
- Magna Charta, 198–199 and n.
- Magnus the Good, s. of St Olaf, King of Norway, 219–220, 223
- Magnus the Good’s Saga, 220
- Magnus “Barelegs,” King of Norway, 237–243;
- ballad of, 243
- Magnus, St, E. of Orkney, 237–238
- Mahon, f. of King Brian, 136–138
- Man, Isle of, 5, 20, 135, 142, 145, 158
- Melaughlan, King of Ireland, 139
- Melbrigd “the Toothy,” 108–109
- Melkorka, m. of Olaf “Pa,” 122, 126–128, 131–134
- Melmora, King of Leinster, 139–142
- Mercia, 22, 26, 52–53, 183, 193, 194
- Molloy, Munster chief, 137–138
- Mona, or Anglesea, 20, 237–238
- Morcar, Earl, 229, 230
- Mord, s. of Valgard, 160–164
- Morrogh, s. of King Brian, 139, 141, 150–151
- Munster, 119, 135, 139;
- Callaghan, king of, 117, 119;
- Brian, king of, 135, 138;
- men of, 148, 151;
- standard of, 150
- Murtough, King of Connaught, 238–239
- Murtough “of the Leather Cloaks,” 117–121;
- or Myrkjartan, 127, 130–133, 134
- Myrkjartan (see Murtough)
- Nial, 144, 157–175
- Nial’s Saga (Njala), 157
- Niall “Glundubh,” or “Black-knee,” King of Ireland, 117
- Nidaros (Throndhjem, or Drontheim), 228, 235 and n., 242
- Normandy, 35, 109–110, 185, 189, 211, 218, 225, 229, 235;
- Dukedom of, 6, 35, 109–110, 182, 218
- Norsemen—
- Direction of their conquests, 5, 12, 45–46, 135, 138, 148–149, 154;
- called “Fair Foreigners,” 47
- Northampton, 53
- Northmen (see also Norsemen), 11, 12, 13, 14, 46–47, 118, 120, 138, 142
- Northumbria, 5, 12, 13, 18, 19, 22 and n., 26, 29, 38, 52, 61, 193, 224, 227, 233;
- Danish kingdom of, 6, 46–47, 54, 58–59, 78, 84, 113, 118, 194, 196
- Norway, 36, 42, 43, 55, 66, 78, 100, 113, 114, 123, 158, 179, 187, 191, 196, 199, 203, 209, 215, 216, 218, 219, 227, 237
- Ockley, or Aclea, B. of, 25
- Olaf Cuaran “o’ the Sandal,” Danish King of Dublin, 46, 58–75, 96;
- called Olaf “the Red,” 65
- Olaf “Feilan,” 49–51
- Olaf “Pa,” or “the Peacock,” 51, 121, 126–134
- Olaf “the White,” King of Dublin, 47–48, 108
- Olaf Trygveson, King of Norway, 54, 91–107, 114–116, 179, 180, 181, 186, 193;
- called Ole, 92–93, 95–96;
- becomes King, 98–99;
- his Irish hound, 94–95;
- his war-vessels, 95, 101–107;
- he disappears, 107
- Olaf “the Thick,” King of Norway (called “St Olaf”), 183, 186–190, 195–197, 199–209, 216, 228
- Olaf, King of Sweden, 101, 102, 105, 181, 193, 201, 203–205
- Olaf “Kyrre,” s. of Harald Hardrada, 229, 235, 237
- O’Neills, Prince of, 117
- Orkney Isles, 5, 18, 36, 37, 42, 43, 48, 52, 108, 109, 110, 113–115, 117, 135, 142, 229, 235, 237, 238, 242, 247;
- Earldom of, 6, 43, 111
- Osbert, King of Northumbria, 13, 14
- Ospac, a Viking, 146–148
- Otto, Emperor, 58, 78
- Ouse, River, 229
- Oxford, 184
- Pagan army, 14, 26;
- religion, 45, 66, 78, 85–87, 101, 146–147, 159
- Paris, 35
- Patrick, St, 45
- Paul and Erlend, Earls of Orkney, 229, 231, 235, 237
- Pentland Firth, 114
- Pevensey, 235
- Pictland, 18
- Poets (called “bards” or “skalds”), 107, 135, 190, 202–203
- Portents, 147, 151, 154–156, 166–167, 168, 228
- Priesthood in Norway, 86, 159
- “Prime-signing,” 66
- Radbard, s. of Ragnar Lodbrog, 18
- Ragnar Lodbrog, 5, 11 n., 15, 113;
- origin of his sobriquet, 15, 16;
- his kingdom in Britain, 18;
- his death, 19, 20;
- his death-song, 21;
- sons of, 14, 26, 29, 31, 37
- Ragnhild, m. of Harald Fairhair, 39
- Ragnvald, E. of More, 43–44, 108–111
- “Raven Banner,” 30, 114, 152–154
- Reading, 27
- Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy, 35, 182
- Richard the Good, Duke of Normandy, 184–185, 195
- Rolf, or Rollo “the Ganger,” 35, 52, 109–110, 218
- Rome, 29, 192
- Ross, 48, 108
- Russia, 92, 96, 209
- Russian slaves, 92, 123–124
- Sacrifices, Pagan, 85, 86–87, 113 and n., 159
- Sagas—
- Egils, 6, 60, 63–65;
- Ynglinga, 11;
- Laxdæla, 47, 121, 122
- Sandwich, 183, 184, 223
- Saxo “Grammaticus,” 14 n., 16 n.
- Saxon Pilgrims in Rome, 29;
- Saxon Sword, 56;
- Saxon Poetry, 34
- Saxony, 18
- Scandinavia, 6, 183
- Scarborough, 229
- Scilly Isles, 92
- Scotland, 18, 20, 37, 43, 48–49, 52, 55, 60, 108, 135, 194, 238;
- Scottish warriors, 74
- “Second Sight,” belief in, 157, 167
- Shannon, River, 136
- Shetland Isles, 5, 36, 42, 43, 108, 111, 114
- “Shield-burgh” of soldiers, 71
- Ships of War, called “Dragon-ships,” 95, 101–107, 111, 196, 201, 203–206;
- iron-plated, 103;
- lashed together, 104;
- prepared for war, 129–130;
- as gifts, 57;
- (and see “Boats”)
- Sigrid “the Haughty” (w. of Sweyn), 101, 181
- Sigurd “the Mighty,” Earl of Orkney, 43, 108–109
- Sigurd “the Stout,” Earl of Orkney, 113, 114–116, 144–146, 152–154, 157, 158
- Sigurd, s. of Magnus “Barefoot,” 242
- Sigurd, Earl of Lade, 78–79, 83, 86–87
- Sigvalde, Earl, 101, 102, 103
- Sigvat (Norse poet), 189–190 and n., 202–203
- Silver, chests of, 76–77
- Sitric, Danish lord of Dublin, 119
- Sitric “Gale,” King of Northumbria, 58–59, 60, 78, 118
- Sitric “Silken beard,” Danish King of Dublin, 139 and n., 140, 142–143, 144–146, 148–149
- Siward or Sigurd, “Snake eye,” 17, 18
- Skalligrim, f. of Egil, 63–64
- Skarphedinn, s. of Nial, 157, 161–164, 167–175
- Slavery, 92, 121, 122, 123–126
- Somerset, 23, 30
- Southampton, 180
- Southwark, 188–189, 223
- Stafford, 53
- Stamford Bridge, B. of, 230–236 and n.
- Stiklestad, B. of, 209, 216, 236
- Stord, B. of, 90
- St Brice’s Day, Massacre of, 182–183
- Strathclyde, 52, 61
- Sudreys, 43 and n., and see Hebrides
- Surrey, 25, 26
- Sussex, 22, 23, 26
- Svold, B. of, 102–105, 181, 186, 193
- Sweyn “Forkbeard,” King of Denmark and England, 55, 101, 179–185, 187, 191, 192, 193, 209
- Sweyn, or Svein, n. of Canute, King of Denmark, 213–214, 227;
- Sweyn, s. of Canute, 216
- Sweyn, Godwin’s son, 223
- Sweyn, Asleif’s son, 244–248
- Sweden, 18, 39, 40, 123, 199, 213, 215
- (and see Olaf, King of Sweden)
- Swedes, King of, 15, 101–102
- Tadhg “of the Towers,” King of Connaught, 119
- Tamworth, 53, 59
- Temple pillars, 47–48
- Thorstein, “the Red,” 48–49, 108
- Thorstein, s. of Hall “o’ the Side,” 153–154
- Thames, River, 25, 27, 188–189, 194, 217
- “Thing” and “Thing-mote,” 46, 83, 86 and n., 93, 99, 208, 231
- Thing-men or Soldiers, 189
- Thora, Ragnar’s wife, 17
- Thora, m. of Hakon “the Good,” 78
- Thord, Kari’s son, 172–173, 175
- Thorer, a Norwegian lord, 207
- Thorer, a woman, 97
- Thorer “Klakka,” 96–97
- Thorfin “Skull splitter,” 114
- Thorkill “the Tall,” 53–54, 183, 185, 187, 193–195 and n.
- Thorolf, s. of Skalligrim, 63, 65–66, 71–77
- Tomar’s Wood, 148, 150, 151
- Tosti, Godwin’s son, 223, 224, 226–229, 232–235
- Trondhjem, 41
- Trygve, f. of Olaf Trygveson, 91, 96
- Turgesins, or Thorgils, 45
- Turlough, King Brian’s grandson, 149
- Ubba, s. of Ragnar Lodbrog, 18, 29, 30
- “Udal-right,” 83, 113 and n.
- Ulf, Earl, 213, 215–216
- Ulf “the Red,” 104
- Ulster, 117, 142, 239, 242;
- Murtough, King of, 117–120
- Unn, or Aud, “the deep minded,” 47–51, 108, 122
- Valgard “the Guileful,” 160
- Valland, 110
- Vidkun Jonson, 242–243
- Vige, Olaf’s Irish hound, 94–95
- Viken, in Norway, 110
- Vikings, 15, 43, 145–146;
- raids of, 18, 42, 108–109, 111, 244–248;
- as traders, 6;
- kingdom of, 14
- Vin-heath, 66–67
- Wales, 22, 23, 53, 57–59, 137, 237
- Warwick, 53
- Waterford, 46
- Wedmore, 32
- Week, names of, 85
- Wessex, 12, 22, 25, 26, 27, 33, 38, 193
- Wight, Isle of, 25, 184, 223, 228
- William the Conqueror, 35, 42, 197 n., 218, 225, 229, 235;
- his genealogy, 35
- Wiltshire, 23, 30, 31
- Winchester, 184, 199, 210, 212, 218, 222
- Woden, or Odin, 20, 21, 78, 85, 167, 190;
- his goblet, 85, 87
- Worcester, 217
- Ynglinga Saga, 11
- York, City of, 14, 19, 53, 57, 84, 113, 229, 231;
- B. of, 19
- Yorkshire, 13
- Yule, or Christmas, 85–86, 144
- Zealand, 16