Index

• Adils, E., 70, 71–74
• Ælla, King of Northumbria, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21 and n., 26
• Alfgeir, Earl, 65, 70–72
• Alfred the Great, 14, 22–35, 37, 52, 56, 136;
• his studies, 23, 24, 34;
• his laws and navy, 32–33;
• his “Manual,” 24;
• his liberality, 33.
• His “Life” (see Asser)
• Alfred “the Ætheling,” 185, 211–212, 217, 222
• Alfvine, a champion, 93–94
• Amazons, 17
• Anglesea Sound, B. of, 237–238 (see Mona)
• Anses, the, 21
• Antrim, 119
• Ardee, B. of, 120
• Armagh, 45–46, 118
• Armour, 130, 152, 240
• Ashdune, B. of, 27–28, 29
• Aslang, w. of Raynar Lodbrog, 21 and n.
• Asser, 23, 28, 31, 34;
• his “Life of Alfred,” 23, 24
• Astrid, m. of Olaf Trygveson, 91, 92
• Athelney, Isle of, 30, 32
• Athelstan the Great, King of England, 46, 54, 56–77, 78–81, 84, 179
• Aud (O. U. Audr), 47 (and see Unn)
• Augvaldness, B. of, 87
• Baltic, 92, 103
• Baptism, Christian, 81, 84, 114–115, 148;
• Baptism, Pagan, 78–79 and n.;
• 911 (and see “Prime-signing”)
• Bath, 184
• Bedford, 53
• Bergen, 89
• Bergthora, w. of Nial, 157, 162, 168, 170, 172–73, 175
• Bergthors-knoll, 166
• Berkshire, E. of, 27
• “Berserkin fury,” 72 and n.
• Bertric, King of Wessex, 12
• Biorn, “the Eastman,” 6, 47–49, 50
• Blacaire, Danish, Lord of Dublin, 120
• “Bondes” or landowners, 88, 97, 98, 208, 242
• “Book of Settlements,” 37
• Brian Boru, King of Munster and Ireland, 135–142, 145, 148–152;
• his hardships, 136;
• King of Munster, 138;
• his beneficent reign, 139;
• his death at B. of Clontarf, 149–152
• Britain, 6, 16
• Brodir, a Viking, 146–147, 151–152
• “Broad-cloth” Cruise, 245
• Brunanburh, or Brumby, B. of, 60–77, 135
• Burhred, King of Mercia, 22, 26, 29
• Burial (in mounds), 41, 82, 89, 109;
• (ship-burials), 51, 90
• Bury St Edmunds, in Suffolk, 198
• Caithness, 5, 48, 108, 154, 158
• Callaghan, King of Munster, 117, 119
• Canterbury, 25, 183, 189
• Cantyre, 238
• Canute, or Knut, “the Great” (King of England and Denmark), 6, 32, 55, 179, 180, 185, 186, 191–210, 214–217, 218, 227
• Carlingford Lough, 118
• Christianity, 12, 66, 114–115, 146;
• forced upon Norway, 85–87, 100
• Chronicles—
• English Ch., 35 n., 60–61, 180, 192, 212;
• Ethelwerd’s Ch., 13 n.;
• William of Malmesbury’s Ch., 30, 34, 54, 57, 59, 61;
• Asser’s “Life of Alfred the Great,” 23, 24
• Clonmacnois, 45
• Clontarf, B. of, 114, 116, 135, 148–156
• Conang, nephew of King Brian, 141
• Connaught, 119, 135
• Constantine, King of the Scots, 59, 60
• Cornwall, 57–58
• Cumberland, 57
• Dane’s, first arrival of, 11–13;
• Conquests and Settlements, 5, 22, 25–27, 29, 46, 60–61, 111, 135, 179, 182, 184, 186, 187, 217–218;
• called “Dark Foreigners,” 47
• Danegeld, 179–180, 152, 225
• Danish Kings, 6, 31, 179, 180, 186, 191, 198–199, 208, 209, 211–213, 217, 218, 219, 235
• Danish Kings of Dublin and Northumbria, 6, 14, 29, 46–47, 58–59, 93, 118–119
• Death-Song (of Raynor Lodbrog), 20, 21
• Denmark, 31, 39, 40, 87, 123, 179, 191, 203, 209, 212, 213, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220
• Derby, 53
• Devon, 22, 30
• Donagh, King of Ireland, 118, 120
• Donovan, Munster Chief, 137
• Dorchester, 13
• Downpatrick, 242
• Dublin, 19, 46, 96, 116, 117, 118, 142, 145, 148, 239, 245–47
• East Anglia, 22, 27, 32, 38, 183, 189, 193, 194
• Eddington, B. of, 31
• Edgar, King of England, 179;
• laws of, 198
• Editha, w. of Edward the Confessor, 223, 224
• Edmund “the Martyr,” King of E. Anglia, 185, 198
• Edmund, b. of Athelstan, King of England, 61, 170
• Edmund “Ironside,” 194, 225
• Edric, Lord, of Mercia, 183, 194
• Edward the Ætheling, 225
• Edward “the Confessor,” King of England, 185, 212, 217, 219, 221–225, 226–227
• Edward “the Elder,” 33, 38, 52–54
• Edwy, King of England, 179
• Edwy, s. of Ethelred the Unready, 195
• Egil, s. of Skalligrim, 63, 65–66, 71–77
• Egil’s Saga, 6, 60, 63–65
• Einar (called “Torf-Einar,”) E. of Orkney, 111–113;
• his son, 114
• Einar Tambaskelfer, 106, 107
• Eirik, King of Sweden, 39, 40
• Eirik Hakonson, Earl, 102–107, 181, 186, 193, 194 and n. (and see Eric)
• Eithne or Audua, m. of E. Sigard, 114
• Ely, 211
• Emma, Queen of Ethelred II. and of Canute, 35, 182, 184–185, 195, 199, 211–212, 213–214, 221
• Englefield Green, B. of, 27
• English Channel, 5, 187, 194
• “Enhazelling,” a battle-field, 67, 69
• Erling Skialgson, 102
• Eric, or Eirik, “Bloodaxe,” King of Norway, 82, 84, 85, 113;
• King of Northumbria, 84;
• his sons, 82, 87–90, 113
• Essex, 189
• Ethelbald, King, 26
• Ethelbert, King, 26
• Ethelfled, “the Lady of the Mercians,” 52–53, 56
• Ethelred I., King of Wessex, 14, 26, 27–28, 29
• Ethelred II., “the Unready,” 35, 179–189, 219, 221;
• his sons, 195–196, 211, 212
• Ethelred, Prince of Mercia, 53
• Ethelwulf, King, 25, 26
• Eyvind, 88–89
• Eyvind, a Norwegian lord, 240–241
• Faröe Isles, 36, 42, 48–49
• Feudal System (in Norway), 42
• Fife, 5
• Fin-Barre, St, Gospel of, 137–138
• Fingall, 11
• Flanders, 65, 212 and n., 223, 224, 227
• Flosi, an Icelander, 166, 170–174
• Fosterage, 80–81, 128, 132–134, 157, 159
• France, 18, 35, 52, 72, 92, 218
• Freeman, “Norman Conquest,” 185 n., 190 n., 236 n.
• Gall-Gael, 12
• Galloway, 5
• Gaul, 23
• Germany, 18
• Gilli, the Russian, 123 and n., 125
• Glen of the Gap, B. of, 138, 141
• Gloucester, 53
• Godfrey, Danish King of Dublin, 59–60, 118
• Godred, King of Man, 158
• Godwin, Earl, 211, 221–225;
• sons of, 221, 223, 226
• Gorm the Old, King of Denmark, 11, 39, 40, 179, 200
• Gorm, or Guthrum, “the Englishman,” 31, 32, 35;
• baptismal name, Athelstan, 32;
• King of Denmark, 31, 32;
• King of East Anglia, 32
• Gormliath, or Kormlod, 139, 140, 142–143, 145–146, 148–149
• Grani, Gunnar’s son, 166, 170–171
• Greenwich, 185
• Grim, s. of Nial, 157, 158, 161, 163, 173
• Gudrek, Earl, 65
• Gunhild, w. of Eric “Bloodaxe,” 82
• Gunnar, Lambi’s son, 144–145, 157, 166, 170
• Gyda, w. of Harald Fairhair, 40
• Gyda, sister of Olaf Cuaran, 93–94
• Hakon the Old, King of Sweden, 92
• Hakon “the Good,” King of Norway, 54, 57, 79–90, 122–123, 179;
• fostered by Athelstan, 80–81;
• returns to Norway, 83–84;
• forces the people to become Christians, 85–86, 100;
• “Hakon’s Hill,” 89–90
• Hakon, Earl, Governor of Norway, 95–99;
• slain, 99, 193
• Hakon, Earl, Eirik’s son, 193, 196, 197, 200, 208, 216
• Halfdan, “Long-legs,” s. of Harald Fairhair, 112–113
• Halfdan the Black, King of Norway, 39
• Halfdene, s. of Raynar Lodbrog, 29
• Halfred, Norse poet, 107
• Hallad, s. of Ragnvald, 109–110
• Hame, f. of Ælla, 14 n., 18
• Hampshire, or Hants, 22, 30
• Harald, King of England, s. of Canute, 195, 209, 211–212, 217
• Harald “Blue-tooth,” s. of Gorm “the Old,” 179, 180
• Harald Fairhair, King of Norway, 11, 36–44, 47, 52, 57, 78–81, 82, 83, 84, 96, 99, 113;
• his policy, 5, 37, 39, 40, 42;
• his sons, 112–113
• Harald Sigurdson, “Hardrada,” King of Norway, 228–236, 237
• “Harald Hardrada’s Stave,” 230
• Harald, E. of Orkney, 245
• Hardacanute, King of Denmark and England, 179, 195, 208, 209, 212–218, 221, 222
• Harek of Throtta, 205–206
• Harold, s. of Godwin, King of England, 211, 223, 224, 225, 226–236
• Hastings, or Senlac, B. of, 235, 236 n.
• Hauk “Haabrok,” 80–81
• Hebrides, or Sudreys, 5, 18, 37, 42, 43, 48, 52, 55, 110, 113, 119, 237, 238, 244
• Helga River, B. of, 204–205, 215
• Helgi, s. of “Ketill Flatnose,” 47, 50
• Helgi, s. of Nial, 157, 158, 163, 169–172
• Hellespont, 19
• “Heptarchy,” 38
• Hereford, 53
• Herlang, King, 41
• Hlodver, Earl of Orkney, 114
• Hlodver, Sigurd’s son, “Whelp,” 115
• Hogmanay night, 86
• Hoskuld, f. of Olaf the Peacock, 51, 122
• Hoskuld, foster son of Nial, 157, 159–165
• Howel, King of Wales, 59
• Humber, River, 14, 60
• Hungary, King of, 225
• Hrafn, the “Limerick trader,” 37
• Hrafn, “the Red,” 153
• Hrane, 196–197
• Hring, Earl, 71–73
• Hrollaug, King, 41
• Hrollaug, s. of Ragnvald, 111
• Iceland, 5, 6, 37, 42, 47, 49–50, 63, 66, 114, 121, 122, 144, 154, 157
• Inti. Gall (see Hebrides)
• Iona, 12
• Ireland, 5, 6, 11, 16, 19, 20, 37, 38, 42, 45–47, 53, 114, 116, 117, 145, 146, 223, 244
• Irish hermits, 12
• Ivar the Boneless, s. of Ragnar Lodbrog, 11 n., 16, 17, 18, 29, 30;
• called Ivar Vidfadme, 11
• Ivar, Prince of Limerick, 137
• Jorunn, w. of Hoskuld, 123, 125–126
• Jutland, 16, 18
• Kari, Solmund’s son, 145, 158, 161–164, 168, 170, 174
• Kark, a slave, 98–99
• Kennedy, f. of King Brian, 136
• Kent, 13, 25, 26, 223
• Ketill “Flatnose,” 47–48
• Killaloe, 141
• Kincora, Palace of, 136, 140–142
• Kingston-on-Thames, 57
• Kjartan, s. of Olaf “Pa,” 134
• Law-courts in Iceland, 157–160
• Laxdæla Saga, 121, 122
• Lay of the Darts (“Darradar-Liod”), 155–156
• Leicester, 53
• Leinster, 119, 138–139, 142;
• Melmora, king of, 139–141;
• palace of, 138
• Liffey, River, 148
• Limerick, 37, 46, 137
• Lincolnshire, 22
• London, 25, 32, 80, 180, 183, 185, 187, 193, 217
• London Bridge, B. of, 188–190
• Maelbride (Melbrik), King of Dublin, 19
• Magna Charta, 198–199 and n.
• Magnus the Good, s. of St Olaf, King of Norway, 219–220, 223
• Magnus the Good’s Saga, 220
• Magnus “Barelegs,” King of Norway, 237–243;
• ballad of, 243
• Magnus, St, E. of Orkney, 237–238
• Mahon, f. of King Brian, 136–138
• Man, Isle of, 5, 20, 135, 142, 145, 158
• Melaughlan, King of Ireland, 139
• Melbrigd “the Toothy,” 108–109
• Melkorka, m. of Olaf “Pa,” 122, 126–128, 131–134
• Melmora, King of Leinster, 139–142
• Mercia, 22, 26, 52–53, 183, 193, 194
• Molloy, Munster chief, 137–138
• Mona, or Anglesea, 20, 237–238
• Morcar, Earl, 229, 230
• Mord, s. of Valgard, 160–164
• Morrogh, s. of King Brian, 139, 141, 150–151
• Munster, 119, 135, 139;
• Callaghan, king of, 117, 119;
• Brian, king of, 135, 138;
• men of, 148, 151;
• standard of, 150
• Murtough, King of Connaught, 238–239
• Murtough “of the Leather Cloaks,” 117–121;
• or Myrkjartan, 127, 130–133, 134
• Myrkjartan (see Murtough)
• Nial, 144, 157–175
• Nial’s Saga (Njala), 157
• Niall “Glundubh,” or “Black-knee,” King of Ireland, 117
• Nidaros (Throndhjem, or Drontheim), 228, 235 and n., 242
• Normandy, 35, 109–110, 185, 189, 211, 218, 225, 229, 235;
• Dukedom of, 6, 35, 109–110, 182, 218
• Norsemen—
• Direction of their conquests, 5, 12, 45–46, 135, 138, 148–149, 154;
• called “Fair Foreigners,” 47
• Northampton, 53
• Northmen (see also Norsemen), 11, 12, 13, 14, 46–47, 118, 120, 138, 142
• Northumbria, 5, 12, 13, 18, 19, 22 and n., 26, 29, 38, 52, 61, 193, 224, 227, 233;
• Danish kingdom of, 6, 46–47, 54, 58–59, 78, 84, 113, 118, 194, 196
• Norway, 36, 42, 43, 55, 66, 78, 100, 113, 114, 123, 158, 179, 187, 191, 196, 199, 203, 209, 215, 216, 218, 219, 227, 237
• Ockley, or Aclea, B. of, 25
• Olaf Cuaran “o’ the Sandal,” Danish King of Dublin, 46, 58–75, 96;
• called Olaf “the Red,” 65
• Olaf “Feilan,” 49–51
• Olaf “Pa,” or “the Peacock,” 51, 121, 126–134
• Olaf “the White,” King of Dublin, 47–48, 108
• Olaf Trygveson, King of Norway, 54, 91–107, 114–116, 179, 180, 181, 186, 193;
• called Ole, 92–93, 95–96;
• becomes King, 98–99;
• his Irish hound, 94–95;
• his war-vessels, 95, 101–107;
• he disappears, 107
• Olaf “the Thick,” King of Norway (called “St Olaf”), 183, 186–190, 195–197, 199–209, 216, 228
• Olaf, King of Sweden, 101, 102, 105, 181, 193, 201, 203–205
• Olaf “Kyrre,” s. of Harald Hardrada, 229, 235, 237
• O’Neills, Prince of, 117
• Orkney Isles, 5, 18, 36, 37, 42, 43, 48, 52, 108, 109, 110, 113–115, 117, 135, 142, 229, 235, 237, 238, 242, 247;
• Earldom of, 6, 43, 111
• Osbert, King of Northumbria, 13, 14
• Ospac, a Viking, 146–148
• Otto, Emperor, 58, 78
• Ouse, River, 229
• Oxford, 184
• Pagan army, 14, 26;
• religion, 45, 66, 78, 85–87, 101, 146–147, 159
• Paris, 35
• Patrick, St, 45
• Paul and Erlend, Earls of Orkney, 229, 231, 235, 237
• Pentland Firth, 114
• Pevensey, 235
• Pictland, 18
• Poets (called “bards” or “skalds”), 107, 135, 190, 202–203
• Portents, 147, 151, 154–156, 166–167, 168, 228
• Priesthood in Norway, 86, 159
• “Prime-signing,” 66
• Radbard, s. of Ragnar Lodbrog, 18
• Ragnar Lodbrog, 5, 11 n., 15, 113;
• origin of his sobriquet, 15, 16;
• his kingdom in Britain, 18;
• his death, 19, 20;
• his death-song, 21;
• sons of, 14, 26, 29, 31, 37
• Ragnhild, m. of Harald Fairhair, 39
• Ragnvald, E. of More, 43–44, 108–111
• “Raven Banner,” 30, 114, 152–154
• Reading, 27
• Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy, 35, 182
• Richard the Good, Duke of Normandy, 184–185, 195
• Rolf, or Rollo “the Ganger,” 35, 52, 109–110, 218
• Rome, 29, 192
• Ross, 48, 108
• Russia, 92, 96, 209
• Russian slaves, 92, 123–124
• Sacrifices, Pagan, 85, 86–87, 113 and n., 159
• Sagas—
• Egils, 6, 60, 63–65;
• Ynglinga, 11;
• Laxdæla, 47, 121, 122
• Sandwich, 183, 184, 223
• Saxo “Grammaticus,” 14 n., 16 n.
• Saxon Pilgrims in Rome, 29;
• Saxon Sword, 56;
• Saxon Poetry, 34
• Saxony, 18
• Scandinavia, 6, 183
• Scarborough, 229
• Scilly Isles, 92
• Scotland, 18, 20, 37, 43, 48–49, 52, 55, 60, 108, 135, 194, 238;
• Scottish warriors, 74
• “Second Sight,” belief in, 157, 167
• Shannon, River, 136
• Shetland Isles, 5, 36, 42, 43, 108, 111, 114
• “Shield-burgh” of soldiers, 71
• Ships of War, called “Dragon-ships,” 95, 101–107, 111, 196, 201, 203–206;
• iron-plated, 103;
• lashed together, 104;
• prepared for war, 129–130;
• as gifts, 57;
• (and see “Boats”)
• Sigrid “the Haughty” (w. of Sweyn), 101, 181
• Sigurd “the Mighty,” Earl of Orkney, 43, 108–109
• Sigurd “the Stout,” Earl of Orkney, 113, 114–116, 144–146, 152–154, 157, 158
• Sigurd, s. of Magnus “Barefoot,” 242
• Sigurd, Earl of Lade, 78–79, 83, 86–87
• Sigvalde, Earl, 101, 102, 103
• Sigvat (Norse poet), 189–190 and n., 202–203
• Silver, chests of, 76–77
• Sitric, Danish lord of Dublin, 119
• Sitric “Gale,” King of Northumbria, 58–59, 60, 78, 118
• Sitric “Silken beard,” Danish King of Dublin, 139 and n., 140, 142–143, 144–146, 148–149
• Siward or Sigurd, “Snake eye,” 17, 18
• Skalligrim, f. of Egil, 63–64
• Skarphedinn, s. of Nial, 157, 161–164, 167–175
• Slavery, 92, 121, 122, 123–126
• Somerset, 23, 30
• Southampton, 180
• Southwark, 188–189, 223
• Stafford, 53
• Stamford Bridge, B. of, 230–236 and n.
• Stiklestad, B. of, 209, 216, 236
• Stord, B. of, 90
• St Brice’s Day, Massacre of, 182–183
• Strathclyde, 52, 61
• Sudreys, 43 and n., and see Hebrides
• Surrey, 25, 26
• Sussex, 22, 23, 26
• Svold, B. of, 102–105, 181, 186, 193
• Sweyn “Forkbeard,” King of Denmark and England, 55, 101, 179–185, 187, 191, 192, 193, 209
• Sweyn, or Svein, n. of Canute, King of Denmark, 213–214, 227;
• Sweyn, s. of Canute, 216
• Sweyn, Godwin’s son, 223
• Sweyn, Asleif’s son, 244–248
• Sweden, 18, 39, 40, 123, 199, 213, 215
• (and see Olaf, King of Sweden)
• Swedes, King of, 15, 101–102
• Tadhg “of the Towers,” King of Connaught, 119
• Tamworth, 53, 59
• Temple pillars, 47–48
• Thorstein, “the Red,” 48–49, 108
• Thorstein, s. of Hall “o’ the Side,” 153–154
• Thames, River, 25, 27, 188–189, 194, 217
• “Thing” and “Thing-mote,” 46, 83, 86 and n., 93, 99, 208, 231
• Thing-men or Soldiers, 189
• Thora, Ragnar’s wife, 17
• Thora, m. of Hakon “the Good,” 78
• Thord, Kari’s son, 172–173, 175
• Thorer, a Norwegian lord, 207
• Thorer, a woman, 97
• Thorer “Klakka,” 96–97
• Thorfin “Skull splitter,” 114
• Thorkill “the Tall,” 53–54, 183, 185, 187, 193–195 and n.
• Thorolf, s. of Skalligrim, 63, 65–66, 71–77
• Tomar’s Wood, 148, 150, 151
• Tosti, Godwin’s son, 223, 224, 226–229, 232–235
• Trondhjem, 41
• Trygve, f. of Olaf Trygveson, 91, 96
• Turgesins, or Thorgils, 45
• Turlough, King Brian’s grandson, 149
• Ubba, s. of Ragnar Lodbrog, 18, 29, 30
• “Udal-right,” 83, 113 and n.
• Ulf, Earl, 213, 215–216
• Ulf “the Red,” 104
• Ulster, 117, 142, 239, 242;
• Murtough, King of, 117–120
• Unn, or Aud, “the deep minded,” 47–51, 108, 122
• Valgard “the Guileful,” 160
• Valland, 110
• Vidkun Jonson, 242–243
• Vige, Olaf’s Irish hound, 94–95
• Viken, in Norway, 110
• Vikings, 15, 43, 145–146;
• raids of, 18, 42, 108–109, 111, 244–248;
• as traders, 6;
• kingdom of, 14
• Vin-heath, 66–67
• Wales, 22, 23, 53, 57–59, 137, 237
• Warwick, 53
• Waterford, 46
• Wedmore, 32
• Week, names of, 85
• Wessex, 12, 22, 25, 26, 27, 33, 38, 193
• Wight, Isle of, 25, 184, 223, 228
• William the Conqueror, 35, 42, 197 n., 218, 225, 229, 235;
• his genealogy, 35
• Wiltshire, 23, 30, 31
• Winchester, 184, 199, 210, 212, 218, 222
• Woden, or Odin, 20, 21, 78, 85, 167, 190;
• his goblet, 85, 87
• Worcester, 217
• Ynglinga Saga, 11
• York, City of, 14, 19, 53, 57, 84, 113, 229, 231;
• B. of, 19
• Yorkshire, 13
• Yule, or Christmas, 85–86, 144
• Zealand, 16