The Philippines: Past and Present (Volume 2 of 2)

Abacá (Manila hemp), culture of, and statistics of trade in, 891–893.

Abaya, Lino, non-Christian delegate to Aguinaldo’s congress, 263.

Abaya, wild Tingian, story of, 549–551.

Abra, conditions in province of, under Insurgent rule, 208–209;
estimates of population, 999.

Abra River, trip up the, 344.

Abulúg River, voyage down the, 552–553.

Acevedo, Fernando, 95 ff.

Administration of justice in the Philippines, 400–407, 988–999.

Agius, Monsignor, 445.

Agoncillo, Filipino Insurgent, letters of, 53, 58, 63, 68, 70, 71–72;
murder of Spanish recommended to Aguinaldo by, 731.

Agricultural education in Philippine schools, 509–511.

Agricultural lands, action desirable concerning, 842–844.

Agriculture, conditions as to, in Mindoro, 221;
general conditions as to, 885 ff.;
primitive state of development of, 888, 896–897, 943.

Aguinaldo, Baldomero, attempt of, to open communication with Sultan of Joló, 229;
secretary of war and navy in Insurgent president’s cabinet, 266;
mentioned, 731.

Aguinaldo, Emilio, 17;
deceitful statements by, concerning promises of Filipino independence, 19 ff.;
insurrection of 1896 against Spain led by, 20;
deportation of, 20–21;
political activities of, in exile, 21 ff.;
meeting between Consul Pratt and, at Singapore, 25–26;
statement of, concerning Pratt’s promise of recognition of Filipino independence, 26–27;
Pratt’s work to secure coöperation of, with American fleet, 27–28;
omits all mention of promise of independence at meeting of Hongkong junta, 39;
returns to Philippines and meets Admiral Dewey, 46 ff.;
reports of conversation with Dewey, 47–52;
truth about claim concerning promises of independence, 52 ff.;
deceitful proclamations issued by, 56;
relations between General Anderson and, 60–62;
consideration of extent of coöperation of, with American forces, 76 ff.;
assumption of civil authority by, upon capitulation of Spanish, 91;
makes plans to get rid of United States troops, 127–134;
proclamation of January 5, 1899, equivalent to a declaration of war, 137;
plans for attack on Americans, and murder of General Otis, 137–142;
character of warfare outlined by, in general orders, 140–142;
attack begun by (February 4, 1899), 146–147;
conditions in various provinces during rule of, 152–241;
action upon receiving news of killing of American soldiers by Insurgents in Cavite, 213;
the kind of “republic” that would have been set up by, 242–243;
evolution of the government set up by, 244 ff.;
conduct of the war by, 270–286;
capture of, 287;
address issued to Filipino people by, 287–288;
guest of Mr. Forbes at Baguio, 470;
murder authorized by, as a governmental measure, 730 ff.;
meeting of former Insurgent officers at house of, in 1913, 937.

Agusan, province of, divided into Bukidnon and Batuan, 612–613;
slave-taking raids into, 711;
estimates of population, 999, 1000.

Agusan River, trip up the, 613–617;
description of, 615, 800.

Ahern, Major George P., chief of Forestry Bureau, 849.

Albacore, game fish, 815.

Albay, consideration of disorders in (1902–03), 388–392;
estimates of population, 999.

Algué, Father José, assistance given first Philippine Commission by, 323–324;
director of Philippine Weather Bureau, 886.

Amberjack fish, 815.

Ambos Cambarines, conditions in, under Insurgent rule, 215–216.

Amburayan, territory of, 574–575;
estimate of population, 999, 1000.

Anderson, General, charged by Judge Blount with not keeping faith with Filipinos, 19–20;
relations between Aguinaldo and, 60–62;
behaviour of Aguinaldo toward, upon occupation of Manila, 87–96.

Anderson, Lieutenant George P., city superintendent of schools for Manila, 504.

Animal diseases, campaign against, 904–905, 929.

Annexation of Philippines to United States, advocates of, 73–76.

Anting-anting charm, 945–946, 959.

Antique Province, estimate of population, 999, 1001.

Anti-slavery legislation, assembly defeats efforts to pass, 698–714.

Apacible, Dr. Galicano, 40, 41, 51;
views of, on proper government for Philippines, 72–73;
author’s interview with, in Hongkong, 304.

Aparri, atrocities of Insurgent officers at, 171–174.

Apayao, journey across, 549–556;
comparatively slow progress in development of, under American régime, 580–582;
estimate of population, 999, 1000.

Apóstol, Cecilio, description of conditions in Pangasinán by, 165–167.

Apo Volcano, 798.

Araneta, Gregorio, secretary of finance and justice, 669, 988 n.

Araneta, Juan, on advantage of white blood in Filipinos, 939–940.

Area of land in Philippines, 792.

Arellano, Cagetano, 321, 327.

Arguelles, Colonel, 277;
calls on Philippine Commission to ask for temporary suspension of hostilities, 312–313;
punishment of, for favourable reports of Americans, 314.

Army, harsh treatment of soldiers in Aguinaldo’s, 270–271;
abuses committed by the Insurgent, 271;
reasons for substituting constabulary for, for policing Philippines, 383–388.

Artacho, Isabelo, document descriptive of Insurgent rule by, 237–240.

Arthur, Colonel William H., quoted in connection with Baguio, 484–495.

Arts and Trades, School of, in Manila, 507.

Ashburn, Major P. M., quoted on importance of hill stations in the tropics, 483–484.

Assassination under the Insurgent régime, 730–731, 732 ff.

Assembly, the Philippine, 357, 768 ff.;
interest of members in maintenance of peonage, leads to blocking of anti-slavery legislation, 698–729, 773;
apportionment of delegates to, 769;
election to first, 769–770;
creation of, premature, 772;
division of powers with commission, 772;
blocking of important and desirable measures by, 772–775;
consideration of some of the bills introduced, 776–788;
commission bills disapproved by, 788–790;
dangers of vicious legislation by, 790–791;
neither character of members nor legislation passed has justified its establishment, 791.

Athletics, education of Filipinos in, 514–516;
growth of interest in, 522.

Atkins, Lieutenant L. D., 397, 549.

Atkinson, Dr. Fred W., superintendent of public instruction, 504.

Automobile roads, 804–805.

Bacuit Bay, scenery in, 805.

Baguio, hospital at, 435;
visit of members of second Philippine Commission to, 451–455;
Governor Taft’s restoration to health by stay at, 459;
completion of Benguet Road to, 460–463;
development of, 464 ff.;
country club at, 464–467;
residence of governor-general and hospital at, 467;
the Teachers’ Camp, 468–469;
further development of, 470–471;
damage from typhoons to, 471–472;
boom at, in 1910, 473–474;
present flourishing conditions at, 475–476;
description of scenery and climate, 476–479;
railroad to, 481–482;
importance of hill stations in the tropics emphasized in connection with, 482–486;
fate of, not in danger even under Filipino control of legislature, 487;
trade of Benguet Igorots to, 569;
as a centre for tourist trips, 803–804.

Bakidan, Kalinga guide, 539–547.

Banájao, extinct volcano, 803.

Bananas, demand for, and present slight cultivation of, 899, 901;
returns from planting, 902.

Banaue, visit to, 535–538.

Bandholdtz, General, in Albay, 390–391;
quoted on the bandit Rios, 949–950.

Banking statistics, 916.

Barbarism, tendency of Filipinos to lapse into, 608–609, 957–960.

Barbour, hunter killed by wild carabao, 823.

Baretto, Alberto, visit to first Philippine Commission from, 315–317.

Barracudas, fishing for, 806–808;
varieties and size, 815.

Basa, J. M., letters and proclamations by, 36–38;
forged letter issued in name of, 67–68.

Baseball among Filipinos, 515.

Bataan, conditions in, under Insurgent rule, 211.

Bataks of Palawan, 594.

Batangas, reconcentration practised by General Bell in, 290–293;
issue taken with Blount on mortality statistics of, 293–294;
establishment of civil government in, 337–340.

Bell, Major (later General) J. F., 109–110, 112, 732;
quoted, 113;
reconcentration practised by, in Batangas, 290–293;
on the attractions of Baguio as a mountain resort, 478.

Benguet, legislative acts for establishment of civil government in, 334–335;
first expedition of discovery to, 451–455;
survey of road to, 455–456;
act passed providing for government of, 559;
estimate of population, 999, 1001.

Benguet Igorots, civilisation and education of the, 567–572, 803.

Benguet Railroad, appropriation of sum for survey of, 332.

Benguet Road, appropriation of money for construction of, 333;
survey and construction of, 455 ff.;
cost of, 457;
completion of, by Colonel Kennon, and final cost, 460–463;
excessive cost of maintenance, 472–473.

Beri-beri, cause of, 391;
measures needful to eradicate, 429.

Biacnabató, Treaty of, 20–21.

Bicols, numbers of, and delegates to Insurgent congress, 263;
census statistics, 933.

Bilibid Prison, school for convicts in, 530–531.

Birds of the Philippines, 801.

Blount, James H., misstatements made by, concerning Philippine affairs, 14–15;
false charges of, as to promises of independence to Filipinos, 19–20;
quoted concerning Mr. Pratt and the Singapore meeting to celebrate victories of Dewey and Aguinaldo, 30 ff.;
further quotations from and misstatements by, 34–36, 69, 93, 94;
lays at wrong door the responsibility for outbreak of hostilities between Americans and Filipinos, 150–151;
on conditions in the islands in the fall of 1898, 152, 153 ff.;
activities of, in Pampanga, 158;
horrible conditions in Cagayan valley under Insurgent rule known to, but concealed by, 170–205;
mild view taken by, of Filipino torture of Spanish, 190–191;
frightful crimes condoned by, 191–192;
failure to report to government the troubles and disorders in his province, 203–204;
views on Admiral Dewey’s report of conditions in Manila Province under Insurgent rule, 210;
a flagrant example of the misstatements made by, 217–219;
false statements concerning Mindoro, 219–221;
mistakes of, concerning Palawan, 221–224;
on the kind of republic Aguinaldo would have established, 242–243;
on mortality in Batangas as a consequence of the war, 293–294;
refutation of insinuations by, concerning first Philippine Commission, 302–303, 312, 322;
false and contemptible characterization of Colonel Denby by, 326;
criticism by, of Philippine Commission’s action in establishing civil governments in certain provinces, 338;
complaints of, relative to Philippine constabulary, 383;
version given by, of disorders in Albay, Samar, and Leyte, 388, 391, 392;
chapter devoted by, to “Non-Christian Worcester,” 557–558;
abusive and insulting language of, 558;
corrections of statements made by, concerning non-Christian tribes, 637–659;
contradictory statements by, concerning Insurgent barbarities, 753;
misstatements by, as to Manila’s position with reference to markets, 886–887;
refutation of statements of, as to “tariff-wrought poverty” of Philippines, 911 ff.;
on marriages between Americans and Filipinos, 940;
on the domination of the white man, 941;
on the capacity of Filipinos for self-government, 943;
quotes Mr. Bryan on Filipino independence, 961–962.

Blumentritt, inaccurate book on wild tribes by, 534, 557.

Bohol, area and population of, 218;
establishment of civil government in, 337–340.

Bondurant, Olney, 603, 609, 673, 674.

Bonito fishing, 811, 816.

Bonsal, Stephen, appointment of, to Municipal Board of Manila, 375.

Bontoc Province, estimate of population, 999, 1001.

Bontoc, town of, hospital at, 435, 437;
teaching of inmates of prison at, 531, 586–587;
capital of Bontoc Province, 586, 588–589.

Bontoc Igorots, progress of, under American régime, 582–589, 803.

Boston Herald article by Quezon, 721–722.

Bourns, Frank S., with the author in first visit to Philippines, 2–3;
second visit to the islands, 4–6;
an officer in the islands during and after Spanish War, 7;
work of, in directing Lawton’s spies, 320;
eradication of smallpox by, 413;
reasons for success in dealing with cholera epidemics, 418;
member of expedition to Baguio, 451.

Branagan, Mr. and Mrs., 330.

Bray, Englishman, agent for Aguinaldo at Singapore, 25–26;
claims that Filipino independence was promised Aguinaldo, 42;
letter from St. Clair to, 42–43;
obvious unscrupulousness of, 44;
advises Aguinaldo as to course before breaking out of hostilities, 131.

Brent, Bishop, schools established at Baguio by, 479–480;
deems it inadvisable to proselytise natives who are Catholic Christians, 642;
quoted on the race of leaders in Philippine affairs, 939 n.;
quoted on certain bearings of the question of Philippine independence, 962–963;
on the clamour for independence of Filipinos, 970.

Bridge construction, 877, 880–881.

Brigandage, breaking up of, by Philippine constabulary, 390–395;
assembly bill concerning, 781.

Brigands, Mindoro as a resort for, 220;
in Aguinaldo’s army, 272–273.

Bryan, W. J., use of name of, by Philippine politicians during Aguinaldo insurrection, 284, 295–300;
quoted in connection with Filipino independence, 961–962.

Bryant, official in Nueva Viscaya, 672.

Bubonic plague, checking of, 423–424.

Buencamino, Felipe, Filipino in favour of annexation, 75;
fear of victorious Filipinos expressed by, 108;
represents Moros in Aguinaldo’s congress, 263.

Bukidnon, healthful conditions in towns of, 441;
original condition of people and noteworthy progress of, 610–629;
possibilities for rice-growing in, 890–891;
rubber trees in, 902;
conditions for production of coffee, 902;
corn and comotes raised in, 903.

Bulacan, conditions in, under Insurgent rule, 156–157.

Burias, island of, 230.

Burnham, D. H., plans of, for development of Baguio, 464.

Burning alive of victims of Insurgents, 751.

Burying alive by Insurgents, 750.

Butuan, conditions in, under American régime, 629–630.

Cabagan Viejo, Insurgent atrocities at, 176–178.

Cabanag, Tomás, suit brought against, as slave dealer, 694–698.

Cabinet, members of Aguinaldo’s, 266.

Cacao, growing of, in Mindoro, 221;
general propitious conditions for growing, 902.

Cadastral Survey Act, holding up of, by Philippine Assembly, 773–775.

Cagayan de Misamis, 610, 617;
estimate of population, 999, 1001.

Cagayans, numbers of, and delegates to Insurgent congress, 263, 933.

Cagayan valley, conditions in, under Insurgent rule, 170–205;
visit of Philippine Commission to (1901), 345.

Cagayancillo, lapsing into barbarism by people of, 958.

Cailles, General, policy of murder of American sympathizers by, 744–746.

Calamianes Islands, the, 805.

Calderon, Felipe, 321.

Camp John Hay, Baguio, 473–474, 484, 485.

Cañaos, holding of annual, 564–566.

Canlaon Volcano, 798.

Canoy, Major, Blount quoted on, 204.

Canturai, tamarau hunting at, 826–827.

Carabaos, hunting of, 823–824;
question of origin, 824;
prices of domestic, 905.

Carag, Antonio, governor of Cagayan, 1001.

Carmona, Major, brutalities practised by, 109–110.

Carñio, Juan, 572.

Carter, Major E. C, commissioner of public health, 417–418, 419.

Case, Captain L. E., 396;
work of, among Ifugaos, 577.

Catarman Volcano, 798.

Catholics, missionary work by, 642–643.

Cattle disease, lack of sanitary measures for dealing with, 412.

Cattle raising, opportunities for, 905.

Caua Volcano, 798.

Cavilli Island, shooting on, 820.

Cavite Province, conditions in, under Insurgent rule, 213–214.

Cebú, island of, 230.

Cebú Province, area and population of, 218;
conditions in, under Insurgent rule, 233;
establishment of civil government in, 337–340.

Cebú, town of, hospital at, 435;
sea-wall built at, 871.

Census statistics, 646–651, 999–1003.

Cervantes, Ilocano town in Lepanto, 572–573.

Chaffee, General A. R., quoted on murders committed by Insurgents, 766.

Charms, Filipino belief in, 945.

Charting of the coast, 873–874.

Cheating of hill men by Filipinos, 570–571, 610–611, 668–670, 951.

Chinese, killing of, by Insurgent soldiers, 215, 216.

Cholera, early ravages of, 410;
fight against and successful checking of, 414–423;
later epidemics of, 422;
story connected with spread of, in Mariquina valley, 437–439.

Civil government, establishment of, by second Philippine Commission, 326–359.

Civil Hospital, the so-called, 495–496.

Civil service, passage of act for establishment of, in Philippines, 332–333;
percentage of Filipinos in the, 359, 367;
organization of, 360–377;
salaries paid in, 368.

Claraval, Señor, 554.

Claro Babuyan, volcano of, 798.

Climate of Philippines, 792–794.

Coal, importations of, 917.

Coal deposits, 885.

Coast and Geodetic Surveys, Bureau of, 873–874.

Coast-guard fleet, 867–870.

Coast, protection of, 866–869;
illumination of, 872–873;
charting and survey work, 873–874.

Coastwise tonnage figures, 916.

Cock-fighting, baseball vs., among Filipinos, 515.

Coconut oil, as an article of trade, 894, 897;
improvement in methods of manufacture, 896–897.

Coconuts, in Mindoro, 221;
cultivation of, 894–896.

Coconut trees, 894–896.

Coffee, possibilities for production of, 902.

Cógon and cogonáles, 848.

Coinage, changes in the, 347–350.

“Colorum,” the, 944.

Colquhoun, A. R., quoted, 938.

Commercial possibilities of the Philippines, 884–910.

Communal forests, 851–852.

Comotes, raising of, 903.

Congress, Aguinaldo’s revolutionary, 248–249;
meeting of, 258–262;
list of members, 260–261;
composition of, 263;
constitution drawn up by committee of, 264–269.

Conner, Norman G., governor of Apayao, 582.

Constabulary, the Philippine, 378 ff., 924;
organisation and personnel of, 381;
distribution of, among various provinces, 382;
breaking up of organized brigandage by, 390–395;
success of, in apprehending criminals, 396;
important services rendered by, to Director of Health, Director of Agriculture, etc., 397–398;
statistics relative to, 398;
justification of policy which led to its organization, 399.

Constitution, the Insurgent, 264–269;
ratification of, 268;
impossibility of successful operation of government under, 269.

Coöperation of Filipino leaders with American forces, extent of, 67 ff.;
summary of the case, by Taylor, 122–126.

Coördination of scientific work in Philippines, 488–500.

Copper deposits, 885.

Copra, production of, and trade in, 892, 893;
Philippine method of drying, 896.

Cornish, Lieutenant G. R. F., quoted on Filipino superstitions, 947.

Corn-raising, 903.

Corn-raising contests, 521.

Corrales, Governor, report by, on slavery, 689–691.

Cotton goods, trade in, 906–907.

Country club at Baguio, 464–467.

Courts, past and present organisation of, of the Philippines, 401–407, 988–999.

Criminals, Mindoro as a resort for, 220.

Crocodiles in Philippine streams and lakes, 827–828.

Crone, Director of Education, removal of, demanded, 728.

Culasián Bay, affair with Moros at, 601–606.

Culion, leper settlement at, 426.

Culion Island, deer shooting on, 821.

Currency, reformation of the, 347–350.

Cuyo, resistance of, to Insurgent rule, 223.