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The Sanskrit drama

Chapter 131: A
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About This Book

A scholarly study traces the origins, development, theory, and practice of classical Indian drama written in Sanskrit and Prākrit, examining ritual and Vedic antecedents, the Nāṭyaśāstra’s account of divine origin, and debates prompted by newly discovered early fragments. It analyzes major dramatists and representative plays through the first millennium, outlines technical principles of poetics and stagecraft—such as rasa, characterization, metre, and performance conventions—and distinguishes theoretical prescriptions from later imitative works. The author confines discussion to literary-dramatic traditions, omitting vernacular theatre, and emphasizes how textual confusion in sources complicates but also illuminates understanding of classical dramatic art.

[Contents]

A

Agni Purāṇa, 295, 349.

An̄ka, act, 301.

An̄ka, one act play, 268, 295, 296, 347, 348.

An̄kamukha, anticipatory scene, 302.

An̄kāvatāra, continuation scene, 302.

Ajjukā, style of a hetaera, 314.

Atijagatī, metre, appropriate to lively dialogue, 331.

Atidhṛti, metre, appropriate to the pathetic sentiment, 331.

Atibala, outvying, 329.

Attāṇaṁ, in Bhāsa for attāṇaaṁ, 122.

Atharvaveda, 12, 15.

Adaṇḍāraho, in Açvaghoṣa, 88.

Adbhuta, wonder, as a sentiment, 324.

Adbhutadarpaṇa, by Mahādeva, 246, 247.

Adbhutārṇava, by Kavibhūṣaṇa, 345.

Adhikāra, attainment of hero’s purpose, 297.

Adhibala, outvying, 329.

Anargharāghava, by Murāri, 226–31, 344, n. 1, 362.

Anukūla, loyal (hero), 307.

Anukṛti, mimesis, 355, and see Avasthānukṛti.

Anucārikā, king’s attendant, 312.

Anubhāvas, consequents of sentiments, 315.

Anuçāsana Parvan, allusion to drama in, 28.

Anuṣṭubh, metre, 346.

Antarasandhi, nature of, 302, 303.

Anyā, anyastrī, heroine as wife of another, 308.

Apaṭī, curtain, 61, 359.

Aparavaktra, metre, 166.

Apavāritam, confidentially, 304.

Abhijñāna, recognition, as motif, 62.

Abhijñānaçakuntalā, (drama) of Çakuntalā (recognised) by a token of recognition, see Çakuntalā.

Abhidhā, power of denotation, 317.

Abhinayadarpaṇa, by Nandikeçvara, 338, n. 1, 367, n. 1.

Abhinavabhāratī, by Abhinavagupta, 291.

Abhirāmarāghava, 329, n. 1, 344, n. 1.

Abhivyakti, revelation of sentiment, 317.

Abhiṣekanāṭaka, by Bhāsa, 94, 101, 105, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115.

Abhisārikā, type of heroine, 309.

Amātya, minister, 312.

Amṛtodaya, by Gokulanātha, 253, n. 3, 343.

Ambā, style of a go-between, 314.

Ammābhāṇa, by Varadācārya, 263.

Amhāaṁ, genitive plural in Bhāsa, 122.

Amhe, in Kālidāsa, 122.

Ayoga, privation, as form of the erotic sentiment, 323.

Ayyābhāṇa, by Rāmabhadra Dīkṣita, 263.

Arthaprakṛti, elements of the plot, 298, 299.

Arthavyakti, precision of exposition, 331.

Arthaçāstra, Kauṭilīya, 102, 291, n. 2, 334, 364;
whether known by Kālidāsa, 167, n. 6.

Arthāntaranyāsa, a figure, 125.

Arthopakṣepaka, scenes of introduction, 301, 302.

Ardha-Māgadhī, a Prākrit, 74, 87, 122, 141, 219, 336.

Arh, epenthetic vowel in Prākrit of Açvaghoṣa, 88.

Alaṁkāras, poetic figures, 330, 331;
see also Nāṭakālaṁkāra and Nāṭyālaṁkāra.

Alaukika, sentiment as supernatural, 319.

Avataraṇa, entry of performers, 339, and see Ran̄gāvataraṇa.

Avadānaçataka, 43.

Avantikā, a Prākrit, 141.

Avapāta, disturbance, 328, 346.

Avalagita, continuance, 328.

Avaloka, Dhanika’s commentary on the Daçarūpa, 293.

Avasthā, stage of development of the action of the drama, 297–9.

Avasthānukṛti, as nature of drama, 295.

Avasyandita, re-interpretation, 329.

Avimāraka, by Bhāsa, 94, 101, 102, 107, 108, 109, 112, 113, 125, 313.

Açoka, tree, 159, 222, 234, 238.

Açvattha, tree, 96, 213, 214, 215, 217.

Aṣṭādhyāyī, careful preservation of the, 290.

Asatpralāpa, incoherent talk, 329.

Ahakaṁ, ahake, in Açvaghoṣa, 86;
ahake in Bhāsa, 122.