INDEX
Africa, children's hand-work, illustrating home life of the natives, including the elephants and the lions, 168
Agassiz, Louis, and his stone hut, 43;
adventure in the crevasse, 51;
on the height of ancient glaciers, 123
Air, origin of, 16;
how corals get their breath, 225
Alaska, the flowers and the snow line, 44
Albany, Atlantic tides at, 221
Alleghany Mountains, birth of, 10
Alps, mountain pastures, 41;
how rain drops helped carve the Alps, 67;
why the Alps don't run north and south, 136;
glacial "autographs" on their walls, 255
Amazon River, its stately flow, 74
Ants, how they help teach men how volcanoes are built, 123
Apollo, how he lighted the world, 2
Appalachian Mountains, birth of, 10
Arabian desert, physiognomy and complexion, 165
Arabian Sea, why its waves salute the Himalayas, 140
Arabs, life in the desert, 183;
and the Simoom, 184
Atlas Mountains, morning beauty of, 163
Atoms, defined, relation to molecules, 110
Aurora, the dawn goddess and her chariot, 2
Avalanches, impulsiveness of; snap-shot at one in motion, 63
Bad Lands, why so called, 114
Bar Harbor, Nature's remarkable masonry in Castle Rock, 228
Bald Mountains, how they got their crowns shaved off, 26, 28, 123
Beavers, as lake makers, 192
Bedding planes, defined, 217
Bees, and Alpine flowers, 45;
why they hide from the cloud shadows, 56;
shape of honey cells and basaltic columns, 243
Beetles, varieties in desert places, 180;
use of poison gas, 182
Big Round Top Mountain, how it lost its peak, 248
Birds, life in the desert, 178
Bombs (volcanic), what they are and how they are made, 129
Boulders, Agassiz' monument, 54;
travels of Plymouth Rock, 64;
boulders on a New England hill, 145;
why the Indians worshipped a boulder, 146;
the strange stranger on Mount Abu, 147;
as mountain climbers, 147, 152;
why there are no big caves in boulder regions, 148;
how boulders help tell the secret of the Ice Age, 149;
how torrents help shape, 151;
how glaciers carry, 151;
how boulders ride on the water, 153;
how Jack Frost builds boulder walls, 154;
how the sun helps shape boulders, 155;
Geikie on the story told by a conglomerate boulder, 155;
Ruskin on boulders in art, 157;
why boulders sometimes jump up from the ground, 158;
how rain drops split boulders, 171;
how boulders shiver their skins off, 170;
boulders in the rock mills of the sea, 216;
how perched boulders are perched, 149;
the perched boulder in Bronx Park, in New York City, and its autograph, 250
Bridal Veil Falls, how it got its name and why it hurries to "catch the train," 74
Butterflies, how they help in Alpine flower gardening, 46;
why they hide from the cloud shadows, 56
Cactus, the desert water bottle, 174
Cactus wren, how she bars her front door against her bad neighbors, 177
Cæsar, Julius, his literary style compared to that of Mr. Glacier, 254;
how he and Mr. Glacier went into winter quarters, 256
Canada, her sea terraces for the gannets, 223
Canada thistles, and the Siberian "wind witches," 178
Canyons, deepened by glaciers, 26, 37;
how pebbles helped make the Grand Canyon, 82;
how long a mile is—straight down! 87;
how the Grand Canyon swallows you up, 88;
how rivers wrote the history of the Grand Canyon and how they cut the leaves, 88
Caravan, the marching camels and their shadows, 185
Carbonic acid gas, and air making, 16;
how it helped make coal with one hand and the Ice Age with the other, 20;
how it helps the volcanoes feed the world, 128
Carpathian Mountains, why they do not border the sea, 138;
their ups and downs under the sea, 230
Castle Head, a remarkable example of Nature's masonry, 228
Catskill Mountains, how they were made, 116
Cavemen, a caveman's art note on mammoths, 22;
why they were the handsomest men of their day, 267;
the joyous lesson they helped teach, 269
Caves, relation to natural bridges, 85;
why large ones are never found in boulder regions, 148;
their sightless inhabitants, 186
Centipede, his numerous feet and objectionable character 62;
how the trap door spider slams the door in his face, 182
Centrifugal force, and the birth of worlds, 4;
and the direction of mountain ranges, 137
Ceratosaurus, his dreadfulness and his name, 23;
and Nature's dream of the coming of man, 23;
one of our queer cousins, 264
Civilization, its constant advance, but with ups and downs, 269;
the civilization that Mother made, 270
Coal, did it help bring on the Ice Age? 20;
bad effect of coal making on plant and animal life—volcanoes to the rescue! 226;
coal seams and the records of ancient life, 245
Colorado River, how it dug the Grand Canyon, 88
Conglomerate rock, why it is called "pudding stone," 96;
conglomerate boulders as historians, 155;
how made in the sea mills, 227
Continents, how they rose out of the sea, 8;
how the fact that they are still rising helps the rivers get back to sea, 75;
the continents and Nature's accident insurance, 262
Copernicus, and the discovery that there are worlds of worlds, 4
Coral islands and reefs, how the sea helps the corals build them, 225
Coyotes, as ventriloquists, 179;
their night songs, 179;
how they get a living, 180
Crater Lake, the blue lake in the volcano's mouth, 194, 195
Crevasse, origin of the word, 51;
what a crevasse looks like, 51, 53;
Agassiz' adventure in, 51;
voices of, 54;
their water-mills, 55;
picture of a crevasse swallowing an avalanche, 63
Crystallization and the fairy land of change, 93;
how the pebble caught cold and what came of it, 94;
crystals in sugar and granite, 94;
the great melting pot and the remaking of the rocks, 96;
how old rocks hatch new ones by sitting on one another, 96;
how mountain making helps, 97;
how Mother Nature uses salt and soda in cooking rocks over and how she keeps these materials handy, 99;
an illustration of how men of science study things out for the fun of it, 104;
the crystal fairies and their curious ways, 106;
how crystals help tell about dikes, 243
Dead Sea, its deadness and how it died, 207;
and the story of Sodom and Gomorrah, 209;
what "Lot's Wife" looks like to-day, 210;
ancient history on the Dead Sea's walls, 249
Deltas, why delta river mouths always multiply by two, 167
Descent of Man, how man has risen as he descended, 269
Desert, origin of Lybian (myth), 2;
enigmas of, 161;
the desert and the Sphinx, 162;
physiography and coloring, 163;
"Baths of the Damned," 165;
river "skeletons," 166;
indications of former heavier rainfall, 166;
Roman aqueducts, 166;
"sand roses," 168;
how the desert makes its sands, 168;
its trade-mark on its sand grains, 172;
why deserts are so cold at night, 170;
how a simoom looks from the outside, 173;
how it begins business, 184;
the plant people of the desert, 174-175;
how the Rose of Jericho goes to sea, 176;
the cactus wren and how she bars her front door against her bad neighbors, 177;
the "wind witches" of the steppes, 178;
animal life in the desert, 178;
the coyote as a ventriloquist, his night song, 179;
bird life, 180;
why the desert humming-birds have rusty coats, 180;
how the trap-door spider slams the door in the centipede's face, 182;
a beetle that uses poison gas, 182;
wonderful flight of the vulture, 183;
a day with the Arabs in the Sahara desert, 183;
the cat, the dog, the Arab, and the struggle for life, 187, 188
Diamonds, form of their crystals, 107
Dikes, what one in New York City tells about marble making, 97;
the iron walls near Spanish Peak, 235, 241;
dikes in the rocks at Marblehead, 242;
how dikes get their driving power, 244
Dinosaurs, their dreadfulness, their habits and their family name, 23
Diplodocus, his name, his gentle nature, his defensive tail and how it helped him at his meals, 24
Domes (Mt.), 123
Drift theory, 120
Drowned valleys, 212
Drumlin, why an Irish boy would know what "drumlin" means, 122
Dunes, 163
Earth, story of the spoiled boy who set it afire, 2;
how much truth science finds in the Phaeton myth, 3;
theories as to the earth's origin and how they compare with the Bible story, 17;
watching worlds in the making, 5, 6;
the sun and his pebble worlds, 6;
how you can watch the world turn round, 7;
how the continents came up out of the sea, 8, 14;
lands the seas have swallowed, 11;
reasons for thinking the continents won't go under again, 12;
how earth's slowing up helped make mountains, 137
Earthquakes, how growing mountains make them, 86;
earthquakes that travel incog., 158;
how earthquakes are recorded in the veins of marble, 239;
earthquakes and the earth's "faults," 243
Echoes, Arab superstitions about, 187
Electrons, how they act as messenger boys of the universe, 110
Emerson, on the industries of England, 214
England, her heavy losses of land to the sea, 214;
how her drowned rivers helped make her great, 224
Eskers, defined, 122
Esparto grass, 176
Europe, how most of her rivers get their start, 73;
her ragged outline and the "transgressions" of the sea, 219;
Europe's geological biography and her mountain chains, 230
Evolution, was Nature dreaming of man's legs and arms when she designed the dinosaurs? 23;
"some call it Evolution and others call it God," 260;
answer of Science to the question "whither," 261;
why nothing "happens," in the great course of things—The Accident Insurance System of the Universe, 262;
kinship of kittens and apple trees, 264;
universal acceptance of the evolution theory, 264;
the old "special creation" theory, 265;
and the mysterious special creation theory that Science has substituted, 274;
facts that support the evolution theory;
the story of changing forms recorded in the rocks, 265;
the "rabbit" that turned into a horse, 266;
as to men being descended from monkeys, 267;
how evolution proves the world is getting better, 268;
how man has risen as he descended, 269;
the world that Mother made, 270
Family, the, and civilization, 271
"Faults," geological, defined, 243
Finland, its butterflies, and the left-over butterflies of the Ice Ages, 48
Fiords, how they were made by the Old Men of the Mountain, 254
Florida, her sympathetic sister lakes, 200
Folds, how the story of the crumpling of mountains is told in the veins of marble, 237
Fossils, how they help tell the story of marble, 100
Frost, how it helped build the stone "Temple of the Winds," 33;
how it builds boulder walls, 154
Fujiyama, Mt., why it resembles Mount Rainier, 124
Galileo, and the discovery that there are worlds of worlds, 4
Geikie, on the conglomerate boulder as an historian, 230
Geodes, Nature's pebble jewel boxes and how they are made, 101
Geography, when all our geography was at the bottom of the sea, 8;
how they study geography in Boston on rainy days, 68
Geysers, and the geyser basins, 165
Giant's Causeway, its architecture, 243
Gila monster, 181
Glacial Period. (See Ice Ages.)
Glacial tables, how stones go walking in glacier land, 62
Glacier Mills, 55
Glaciers, how snow changes itself to ice, 26;
glaciers in their "working clothes," 29;
how to make glaciers and icebergs in the schoolroom, 32;
how glaciers helped make the gray stone "Temple of the Winds," 33;
how the glaciers of the Ice Ages made the Great Lakes, 34;
songs of the glacier and how it sings, 42, 56;
a day's visit with the Alpine glaciers, 49;
the crevasses and the adventure of Agassiz, 51;
how long it took Agassiz to determine the nature of glacial movements, 52;
why the peasants think the glacier has a soul, 54;
Mr. Glacier's caterpillar tractor, 62;
how the glaciers start Europe's rivers in business, 73;
how pebbles tell on what part of a glacier they travelled, 251
Golden Gate, entrance to San Francisco harbor, how it was made, 224
Grand Canyon, 88
Granite, ancient lineage and social standing among earth's rocks, 17;
the Granites and the Fairyland of Change, 94;
how they crystallize their neighbors, 103;
how they help make sand, 170
Gravitation, how it pulls the worlds into roundness, 5;
and helps them to grow up, 8;
how it helps sea waves to salute the mountains, 139;
equally careful in handling big worlds and little seeds, 261;
like all power it is invisible and intangible, 276
Great Basin, records of the two great lakes it used to hold, 249
Great Lakes, how they were made in the Ice Ages, 34;
an Ice Age lake that was greatest of all, 193;
tides in the Great Lakes and tides in a teacup, 201;
how the glaciers of the Ice Age tipped the Great Lakes up, 253
Great Salt Lake, ancient weather records on its walls, 249
Greek civilization, one of the things that do not die, 270
Harbor engineering of the rivers and the sea, 221, 222
Hieroglyphics, picture language of the Egyptians and how it was read, 258
Himalaya Mountains, glacial table on, a lesson in picture-reading, 59;
why some of the Himalayas are called "hills," 117
Horse, evolution of, 266
Hot Springs (cause of), 165
Hudson River, action of the tides, 221;
the Palisades, 241
Hydrogen, and the making of earth's air, 16
Ice Ages, theories as to their origin, 20;
the three union stations of the ice trains, 27;
how the glaciers put the Missouri River together, 29;
how they pushed the Mississippi about, 30;
how they turned rivers around and made waterfalls for New England, 31;
how they chiselled out stone bowls for the Great Lakes, 34;
how they made other lakes, 194;
the thousand-year clock at Niagara Falls and what it tells about the Ice Age, 35;
how the glaciers set Niagara Falls up in business, 36;
Muir's eloquent tribute to the marvellous "busy work" of the snowflakes, 37;
how the Ice Age glaciers went off and left the butterflies and the flowers in the Alps, 47;
how the butterflies missed the train, 48;
how Agassiz discovered the Ice Age, 52;
how the glaciers moved the hills about, 117;
travels of the boulders and how the glaciers rounded them, 146, 155;
why there are no big caves in glaciated regions, 148;
relation of the Ice Ages to the Dead Sea and the Sea of Galilee, 206;
Burroughs's theory as to future Ice Ages, 219;
what rain-drop autographs tell of the Ice Age, 246;
a perched boulder and its autograph in a New York City park, 250;
records of the Ice Age glaciers compared with Cæsar's Commentaries—curious similarities, 252
Icebergs, how to make them in the schoolroom, 32;
how the icebergs of the Ice Age gave the boulders a ride, 153
Ice wells, huge ice water tanks that the Ice Age glaciers left, 49
Indian Ocean, why its waves rise to salute the Himalayas, 140
Islands, oceanic, the tops of volcanoes, 133;
islands on the Maine coast and how they were made, 212;
how the sea helps the corals build their islands, 225
"Joints," places where rocks don't join, how made, 33;
how they help make "perched rocks," 60;
joints in the "Marble Rocks" at Jabalpur, 105;
joints and the work of the sea's rock mills, 216;
use of joints in Nature's stone architecture, 228
Jordan River, why it was born partly grown, 73:
why the making of the Jordan Valley was the death of the Dead Sea, 206
Jungfrau, summer pastures on, 41;
its beauty, 44
Jupiter, how as rain god he put out the world, 3;
place of the planet in the Solar system, 6
Keewatin, one of the central stations of the Ice Age, 28
Kentucky, the sink holes in the cave regions, 200
Kepler and the discovery that there are worlds of worlds, 4
Kettle lakes, how the glaciers of the Ice Age made them, 196
Labrador, one of the central stations of the Ice Age, 28;
how the butterflies of Labrador tell that their ancestors missed the train, 49
Lakes, the Ice Age lake and the "Temple of the Winds," 33;
how the Ice Age glaciers made the Great Lakes, 34;
how they helped Lake Erie in making Niagara Falls, 36;
the sleep of lakes and how it brightens them up, 80;
how Mirror Lake shows Mount Rainier how beautiful he is, 130;
how, with Jack Frost's help, lakes build boulder walls, 134;
the empty lake beds of the desert, 162;
"trade-marks" on lake-shore sand, 173;
how lakes are born, 192;
moods of lakes, 198;
why the ducks overlook some lakes, 198;
where mountain lakes get their coloring, 199;
sympathetic action of sister lakes, 200;
how some lakes act as barometers, 201;
tides in lakes, 201;
why lake storms are particularly dangerous, 202;
peculiarity of storms on the Sea of Galilee, 202;
and of storms on mountain lakes, 203;
how lakes grow old and pass away, 204;
why lilies come to dying lakes, 204;
the procession of the trees to the margins of dying lakes, 204;
why they have a regular marching order, 204;
the Dead Sea and how it died, 205;
what science says of the legend of Sodom and Gomorrah, 209;
"Lot's Wife" as she looks to-day, 210;
records of ancient weather on the walls of Great Salt Lake, 249;
how the Great Lakes were tipped up and how they tell about it, 253
Lake Agassiz, a great lake of yesterday which could swallow all the Great Lakes of to-day, 193
Lake Baikal, its great depth, 193
Lake Erie, how the glaciers helped it make Niagara Falls, 36
Lake Superior (size), 193
Laplace, his great theory of the origin of worlds, 4
Lapland, strange stories its butterflies tell, 48
Laurentian Highlands, how they rose out of the sea, 9
Lava, how it makes dikes and what a New York City dike has to say about the origin of marble, 97, 241;
how lava plays "grandfather" in the Porphyry family, 102;
lava and the flame effects on volcanic clouds, 126;
lava plains, 126;
how lava helps raise the fine fruit and wheat of Washington and Oregon, 128;
how it increases the violence of delayed volcanic explosions, 130;
the lava and the "fire from heaven" in the story of Lot, 209;
the iron wall near Spanish Peaks, 235;
remarkable architecture of the Giant's Causeway, 243;
theory as to what makes the lava climb, 244
Libyan desert, Greek myth as to its origin, 2
Limestone, how it turns to marble, 97, 104;
how the shelled creatures of the sea help make it, 101;
the "Marble Rocks" at Jabalpur, 105;
the place of limestone in the rock-making system of the sea, 227;
limestone and the story marble tells of mountain making, 237, 239