FOOTNOTES:
1 The substance of this Discourse was delivered in a Sermon at Lincoln’s-Inn, May 15, 1768.
2 Annal. xii. c. 54. Hist. v. c. 9.
3 Antiq. Jud. L. xx. c. 5.
4 Acts xvi. 30.
5 Heb. iii. 13.
6 Gen. ii. 17.
7 Ephes. iii. 11.
8 1 Pet. i. 3.
9 Matth. xx. 28.
10 1 Cor. vi. 20.
11 Heb. ix. 26.
12 1 John ii. 2.
13 1 Thess. v. 10.
14 1 Pet. ii. 24.
15 1 Pet. iii. 18.
16 Heb. ii. 9.
17 Eph. v. 2.
18 Rom. v. 9.
19 1 Pet. i. 18, 19. 1 Cor. vi. 20.
20 1 Cor. xv. 22.
21 Rev. xiii. 8.
22 1 Tim. iv. 10.
23 1 Cor. xv. 41.
24 Matth. xxv. 46.
25 Phil. ii. 11.
26 John xv. 15.
27 John xv. 13.
28 Matth. xxiii. 8.
29 Rev. v. 9. 1 Tim. ii. 5.
30 Acts x. 42.
31 John iii. 18.
32 John xx. 28.
33 John v. 23.
34 Rom. vi. 22, 23.
35 2 Tim. i. 9.
36 1 Cor. xv. 22.
37 Gal. ii. 21.
38 Heb. xii. 14.
39 Heb. v. 9.
40 Eph. iv. 22.
41 Tit. iii. 5.
42 Tit. iii. 7.
43 Eph. iv. 24.
44 John xvi. 13.
45 John xvi. 13.
46 Thess. ii. 13.
47 Acts ix. 31.
48 Matth. x. 20.
49 Gal. iv. 6.
50 2 Cor. iii. 17.
51 Eph. i. 14.
52 Ps. lxxxiv. 7.
53 Gen. vi. 3. Rom. viii. 16.
54 Phil. ii. 13.
55 1 Cor. ii. 14.
56 Athanasian creed.
57 So the word πρόγνωσιν means in this place; as it likewise does in Acts ii. 23. where the sense of it is clearly explained and defined by the words, τῇ ὡρισμένῃ βουλῇ, which introduce it. The participle προεγνωσμένου has the same sense in 1 Pet. i. 20.
58 Ch. v. 1. v. 18. And vi. 16, 18.
59 Heb. v. 9.
60 See Sermon XXVI. in the preceding volume, p. 378.
61 2 Cor. vi. 16. 1 Cor. iii. 16.
62 ἡ δὲ ἐλπὶς οὐ καταισχύνει. Rom. v. 5.
63 For which reason it is not necessary for me to enter into the controversy, that divides the critics, concerning the authentic reading of this part of the text.
64 2 Pet. i. 21.
65 Matth. i. 18.
66 Matth. iii. 16.
67 Matth. iv. i.
68 Matth. xii. 28.
69 Rom. i. 4. 1 Pet. iii. 18.
70 Acts ii. 4.
71 1 Cor. xii. 11.
72 1 Cor. vi. 11. John xv. 26.
73 Heb. xii. 22.
74 1 Pet. i. 10, 11, 12.
75 Heb. i. 6.
76 Luke ii. 13.
77 Matth. iv. 11.
78 Luke xxii. 43.
79 Matth. xxviii, 3. Luke xxiv. 4. ἐν ἐσθήσεσιν ἀστραπτούσαις.
80 Acts i. 10.
81 Heb. i. 3.
82 Milton.
83 Rom. xvi. 25.
84 1 Tim. iv. 10.
85 Acts xi. 18. ἡσύχασαν.
86 Acts v. 14.
87 Luke xvi. 16.
88 Matth. xi. 12.
89 Ps. xix. 4. Matth. xxiv. 14.
90 Acts xix. 20.
91 Acts ii. 24.
92 1 Cor. xv. 28.
93 1 Tim. iv. 6. ἐντρεφόμενος τοῖς λόγοις τῆς πίστεως, καὶ τῆς καλῆς διδασκαλίας.
94 “What this or that philosopher delivered, was but a saying of his. Mankind might hearken to it, or reject it, as they pleased; or, as it suited their interest, passions, principles, or humours. They were under no obligation; the opinion of this, or that philosopher, was of no authority.” Locke, V. II. p. 578. fol. Lond. 1759.
95 The Stoics. Ὁ σοφὸς—μόνος εἰδὼς εὔξασθαι. See Casaub. ad Sat. 11. Persii.
96 Plato. Alcib. 11.
97 The Epicureans of old and modern times.
99 Luke xvii. 4.
100 See this argument urged by Mr. Locke, V. II. p. 574. fol. Lond. 1759.
101 John iii. 19.
102 Ibid. 20, 21.
103 John iii. 18.
104 Ferte fortiter: hoc est, quo Deum antecedatis: Ille extra patientiam malorum est, vos supra patientiam. Sen. de Prov. c. vi.
105 Cic. Nat. Deor. iii. 36.
106 Lord Shaftesbury, and others.
107 Acts xvii. 31.
108 Heb. ii. 3.
109 Mark xvi. 20.
110 Job xxii. 2.
111 Hence the name of Theophrastus, or the divine speaker, given to the favourite scholar and successor of Aristotle; And hence the stories told of Plato, whose eloquence Quintilian so much admired, that he thought it more than human—Ut mihi, non hominis ingenio, sed quodam Delphico videatur oraculo instinctus. Quintil. l. x. c. 1.—Hence too, the name of Chrysostom, given to the famous Greek Father.
112 Heb. i. 2.
113 Phil. ii. 7.
114 John v. 26.
115 1 Cor. i. 30.
116 Mark i. 22.
117 John iii. 11.
118 John xii. 50.
119 John vi. 40.
120 Rev. ii. 10.
121 John v. 26.
122 John viii. 28.
123 John xvi. 15.
124 John x. 30.
125 Non imitabile fulmen. Virg.
126 Luke ii. 47.
127 Luke xx. 26.
128 Luke xx. 40.
129 See Locke’s Works, vol. II. fol. p. 545-7. Lond. 1759.
130 Locke’s Works, vol. II. fol. p. 543. Lond. 1759.
131 Every one may observe a good many truths, which he receives at first from others, and readily assents to, as consonant to Reason, which he would have found it hard, and perhaps beyond his strength, to have discovered himself. Native and original truth is not so easily wrought out of the mine, as we, who have it delivered, ready dug and fashioned into our hands, are apt to imagine. And how often, &c. Locke’s Works, Vol. II. fol. p. 577 and 579. Lond. 1759.
132 Luke v. 22. vi. 8. xi. 17.
133 Luke vi. 11.
134 Luke ix. 47.
135 Luke xxii. 61.
136 Matthew xxvii. xiv. and xxiv.
137 John xviii. 4-6.
138 Luke vii. 40. ix. 47.
139 Prov. xxi. 1.
140 Luke xi. 27, 28.
141 See John ix. 39.
142 Matth. x. 26, 27.
143 See D. L. Vol. V. p. 339, &c. Lond. 1765.
144 D. L. Vol. V. p. 341. n.
145 See more on this subject in Dr. Warburton’s Sermons, Vol. I. p. 325.
146 Luke xxiv. 45.
147 Luke xxiv. 27.
148 John xvi. 12. Mark iv. 33, 34.
149 John xi. 47.
150 Luke iv. 43.
151 Luke iv. 29.
152 Matt. x. 23.
153 Mark vi. 5.
154 Matth. vii. 6.
155 Matth. xxvi. 56.
156 St. Paul. 1 Cor. xv. 9.
157 St. Peter. Mark xiv. 71.
158 Luke xxii. 51.
159 Luke ix. 54.
160 Luke ix. 46.
161 See the Essais of Montaigne.
162 Pensées de M. Pascal, c. xvi. § 3.
163 Acts xxii. 15. and xxvi. 22.
164 Matthew v. 3.
165 Compare, Luke vii. 21, 22.
166 Matthew xv. 6.
167 Matt. xi. 25.
168 Luke xviii. 9.
169 ὄχλος, the mob. John vii. 49.
170 Eph. ii. 12.
171 Matth. xxii. 15.
172 Matth. xii. 37.
173 Luke xix. 48.
174 John vii. 46.
175 Matth. vii. 28.
176 Matth. xii. 23.
177 Matth. ix. 33.
178 Matth. ix. 8.
179 St. James ii. 6, 7.
180 1 Cor. i. 26.
181 ἐσκυλμένοι—vexati.
182 ἐῤῥιμένοι—projecti.
183 Matth. ix. 36.
184 Matth. xi. 28, 29.
185 1 Cor. i. 27-9.
186 Isaiah lix. 8.
187 ψεύστης—ἀνθρωποκτόνος—John viii. 44.
188 Matth. v. 11, 12.
189 John xiii. 1.
190 Matth. x. 32, 3. and 38, 9. Luke xiv. 26. 1 John iii. 16.
191 John xvi. 2, 33.
192 Matth. vii. 12.
193 Luke xix. 41. John xi. 35.
194 ἡ ἐλπὶς τῆς δόξης·—Col. i. 27.
195 εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν ἀληθείαν.
196 Rom. i. 21.
197 Tim. ii. 14 and 16.
198 Coloss. ii. 18.
199 2 Tim. ii. 18.
200 Rom. xv. 13.
201 Divine prescience, absolute decrees, &c.
202 Bacon, Boyle, Locke, Newton.
203 Barrow, Clarke, Butler, Warburton, &c.
204 “It hath been the common disease of Christians from the beginning, not to content themselves with that measure of faith, which God and the Scriptures have expressly afforded us: but out of a vain desire to know more than is revealed, they have attempted to discuss things, of which we can have no light, neither from reason nor revelation.” J. Hales Works, Vol. I. p. 125. Glasg. 1765.
205 Matth. xiii. 57.
206 John i. 46.
207 John vii. 52.
208 Acts iv. 13. See Whitby on the place.
209 John vii. 48.
210 Matth. ix. 11.
211 Matth. xv. 2.
212 Luke xxiv. 21.
213 Acts XIX.
214 Acts xvii.
215 Celsus, Porphyry, Julian.
216 In his famous book, De Civitate Dei.
217 Acts vi. 8.
218 John xii. 31.
219 Ephes. ii. 2.
220 2 Cor. iv. 4.
221 James ii. 19.
222 Gen. iii. 14, 15.
223 Matth. xxv. 41.
224 Eph. ii. 2.
225 James iv. 7.
226 Matth. xvii. 21.
227 1 Pet. v. 9.
228 John xii. 31.
229 Luke x. 18.
230 Job i. 12.
231 Matth. viii. 21.
232 Luke ix. 1. and x. 17.
233 Luke x. 18.
234 John xiii. 2.
235 ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ· Matth. vi. 13.
236 1 John iv. 4.
237 1 Cor. x. 13.
238 Heb. ii. 14.
239 St. John iii. 8.
240 Rom. viii. 26.
241 Eph. xiv. 16.
242 Eph. xi. 2.
243 1 Peter v. 8.
244 τοῦ πονηροῦ· Eph. vi. 16.
245 Eccles. i. 17. and vii. 25.
246 Signa, tabulas pictas, vasa cælata mirari—reckoned, by the philosophical historian, among the prognosticks of falling Rome.
247 Homo, res sacra. Seneca.
248 Neque enim ita generati à naturâ sumus, ut ad ludum et jocum facti esse videamur; sed ad severitatem potiùs, et ad quædam studia graviora atque majora.
249 Fastidio illis esse cœpit vita, et ipse mundus; et subit illud rabidarum deliciarum, Quousque eadem? Seneca, de tranq. anim. c. xi.
250 Sapiens, sibique imperiosus—are convertible terms in the moral poet.
251 Val. Max. IV. 3.
252 1 Cor. ix. 25.
253 Ludo—uti quidem licet; sed, sicut somno et quietibus cæteris, tùm cùm gravibus seriisque rebus satisfecerimus.
254 Exod. xxi. 24.
255 John xviii. 22, 23.
256 χιτῶνα.
257 ἀγγαρεύσει. See Grotius on the place.
258 Luke xii. 57.
259 Acts xvi. 37. xxv. 11.
260 Matth, v. 11. x. 23. xxvi. 52. From the two last passages we learn, that the Jewish persecutors of Christ and his disciples were reserved for a special vengeance of Heaven; to be inflicted upon them in no long time, and here predicted, as it seems, to let the disciples know why, in this case, resistance was forbidden, God having taken the matter into his own hands.
261 The accomplishment of prophecy is given by Jesus himself as one reason, why he forbad resistance to the Jews—how then shall the Scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be, i. e. that the violence of the Jews should prevail? Matth. xxvi. 54.
262 Prov. xiii. 10.
263 Ch. viii. 38.
264 Mark xvi. 16.
265 St. John xii. 48.
266 John iv. 17.
267 John iii. 20.
268 John xi. 47. Acts iv. 16.
269 Mark vi. 3.
270 John vii. 41. i. 46.
271 John vii. 48.
272 John xii. 42.
273 John xii. 43.
274 1 Cor. i. 23.
275 Luke viii. 13.
276 Mark x. 17, 23.
277 Jer. xvii. 9.
278 Public Baptism, disused.
279 The Lord’s Supper, neglected.
280 Family Prayer, omitted.
281 2 Tim. i. 8.
282 1 John ii. 28.
283 See Bp. Warburton’s DOCTRINE OF GRACE, Ch. ix.
284 1 John iv. 2.
285 2 Tim. ii. 18.
286 1 Peter ii. 23.
287 Gen. xvii. 5.
288 Gen. xxxii. 28.
289 Ἅδης, or death [see Grotius in loc.] is here personized: and, the gates of cities, being anciently the places of counsel and judgment, as well as their chief defence and strength, hence the gates of death are the power and policy, which this person should employ to accomplish his ends: which is, in other words, to say, that those ends, or destruction, should by no means be effected.
290 Acts ii. 14.
291 Acts x. and xv. 7.
292 An ancient apologist for Christianity seems to think, that, if a sect of philosophy had been persecuted, as Christianity was, it would presently have vanished out of the world. His words are—τὴν μὲν φιλοσοφίαν τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν ἐὰν ὁ τυχὼν ἄρχων κωλύσῃ, οἴχεται παραχρῆμα· [Clemens Alexandr. Strom. L. vi. p. 827. Oxon. 1715.] Perhaps, the learned father was mistaken. But a religion, founded on facts, not on opinions, and persecuted from the beginning, could not have supported itself, if those facts had been false. This is the case of Christianity. The subsequent persecutions, when the truth of Christianity was admitted on the credit of the first martyrs, might tend to advance this religion, even though it had been originally an imposture. The difference of the two cases is palpable. The Apostles shewed, by their sufferings, that they knew what they attested to be a true fact: Succeeding sufferers shewed, that they believed it to be so.
293 1 Peter i. 11.
294 Of Persecution. John xvi. 2.
Of Heresies. Acts xx. 30. 1 Cor. x. 19.
Of Mahomet’s impiety, ix. 1-12. See Mede.
Of the great Apostasy. 2 Thess. ii. &c.
Of these, and other woes still to come. The Revelation, passim.
295 1 Peter i. 25.
296 Matth. vii. 24, 25.
297 Acts xxvi. 26.
298 Τοσοῦτός ἐστι τῶν ὑπ’ αὐτῶν γεγραμμένων ὁ γέλως, ὥστε ἀφανισθῆναι καὶ τὰ βιβλία πάλαι, καὶ ἅμα τῷ δειχθῆναι, καὶ ἀπολέσθαι τὰ πολλά. Εἰ δέ που τὶ καὶ εὑρεθείη διασωθὲν, παρὰ Χριστιανοῖς τοῦτο σωζόμενον εὕροι τις ἄν. Tom. II. p. 539. Ed. Bened.
299 “The Christian religion,” says the finest of our English writers, whom I need not therefore stay to name, “made its way through paganism with an amazing progress and activity. Its victories were the victories of reason, unassisted by the force of human power, and as gentle as the triumphs of light over darkness.”
300 This effect of inquiry upon the Gentile religions was foreseen by men of sense—Non sunt ista [the traditionary tales of the heathen Gods] vulgo disputanda, ne susceptas publicè religiones disputatio talis extinguat. Cic. Frag. Olivet. T. III. p. 586.
301 The substance of this Discourse was delivered in a Sermon at Lincoln’s-Inn, May 15, 1768.
302 Luke xii. 14.
303 L. iv. c. 5.
304 And to the same purpose, our excellent Archbishop Tillotson—“His [Christ’s] whipping of the buyers and sellers out of the temple, the only action of his life in which there appears any transport of anger, was no other than a BECOMING ZEAL for the honour of God’s house, which he saw so notoriously prophaned; which zeal was WARRANTED, after the example of Phinehas, by the extraordinary occasion of it.” Works, vol. iii. § 136. p. 222.
305 Numbers, ch. xxv.
306 Josephus, De Bello Judaico, l. iv. c. 12.
307 Certè, quamquam Servator humani generis et Deus et Rex erat, adeoque ita universi, nedum Judæorum, dominus, ut quicquid ei placeret illud non licitum fuisse nefas sit putare; attamen, cum cæteras res omnes etiam et seipsum receptis atque stabilitis reipublicæ formulis judiciariis, qua Ebraicæ eæ essent, qua Romanæ, permiserit, atque absolutissimum justitiæ exemplar ab omni vi illicitâ, veluti privatus, abstinere voluerit; quin et tanta ei imminuerit invidia, ut nihil magis incidentium in votis esset, quam ut cujuscunque delicti reum eum peragere potuissent; haud rationi sane ita consonum videtur existimare ejectionem illam factam seu vim illatam ab eo fuisse sine agnitâ, etiam ab ipsis qui tam malignè ei invidebant, lege seu more, quo in id genus homines templi sanctitatem ita polluentes incurrere licuerit, atque vi ejicere. L. iv. c. 5. p. 464.
308 Mr. Smith’s Discourses, Disc. vi. ch. vi. Bishop Chandler, Def. of Christianity, ch. iii. § 1. and, very lately, the Bishop of Gloucester, Div. Leg. b. iv. § 4.
309 1 Kings xxii. 11.
310 Jeremiah xix.
311 Hosea xii. 10.
312 Matth. iii. 4.
313 Mark xi. 7.
314 Matth. x. 14.
315 Luke v. 6.
316 Mark xi. 14
317 Matthew viii. 32.
318 Matthew xxvii. 24.
319 Isaiah xlii. 1, 6.
320 Ibid. ver. 7.
321 Isaiah lx. 10.
322 Chap. xliii. 8.
323 Rom. xi. 12.
324 Mark xi. 14.
325 Mark xi. 15-20.
326 Mark xii. Luke xx. Matth. xxi.
327 Luke xx. 16-19.
328 Matthew xxi. 23.
329 John ii. 18.
330 Matthew xxi. 23.
331 Luke xi. 54.
332 Acts xxi. 21.
333 By these stones, the ancient interpreters universally understood the Gentiles. See Whitby in loc.
334 Matt. iii. 9.
335 St. John, ch. ii. 19.
336 Matthew xxvi. 61.
337 Acts xiv. 27.
338 Mark xi. 21, 24.
339 Matthew xv. 24.
340 Mark xi. 17.
341 1 Coloss. i. 27.