Tyburn Tree: Its History and Annals

INDEX

Abbey lands, 157
ab Ulmis, John, an imported preacher, 142
a Lasco, John, an imported preacher, 142
Æthelstan, laws of, 19, 56
Alfred, laws of, 55
Aliens Act of 1905 anticipated, 147
Amos, Andrew, his “Great Oyer of Poisoning,” 178, 181
Anabaptists—
Commission to try, 158
Latimer jeers at their constancy, 158
burnt, 177
Anglo-Saxon penal legislation, 55
Arians burnt, 177
Ascham, Roger, on destruction of Yeomanry, 140
Assassination Plot, 215-16
strange sequel to, 216-19
Athol, Earl of, hanged on a high gallows, 101
Bacon, Francis, in trial of Robert Carr, 181, 22 note
Bagshot Heath, gibbet on, 211
Ball, John, and revolt of the peasants, 106
Barclay, Alexander, “Ship of Fools,” iv, 140 note
Barkworth, Mark, manner of his death, 173
Barton, Elizabeth, “The Holy Maid of Kent,” 133
Bassompierre, Maréchal de, 66
Bedloe, William, perjurer, dies, 202
Beheading, 31-4
Bentham, Jeremy, 78
his father robbed, 266
Bernardi, Major John—
imprisoned without trial for forty years, 216
Dr. Johnson on, 217
dies in prison, 218
Bethnal Green—
weavers of, riotous, 254-55
two weavers hanged near church, 255
constitutional question arises, 255
Bigamy—
a bar to benefit of clergy, 127-29
old meaning of word, 129
provisions as to, 131-32
bigamist put on footing of others, 132
Black Death, 49
Blake, Admiral, his body removed, 192
Bleackley, Horace—
tells story of the Perreaus, 261
of W. W. Ryland, 266
“Blood-Bowl House”—
in Hanging-Sword Alley, 241
figures in print by Hogarth, 241
Boiling to death, see Executions
Boleyn, Anne, 132-33
Bones discovered at corner of Edgware Road, 53
Borough Customs, 19-20
Bosgrave, James, condemned to death, 160-61
Bow Church, 80-1, 97-8
Bowel-burning—
remarkable case, 109
at Charing Cross, 190
And see Treason
Boy martyr—
of Lincoln, 91-4
of Norwich, 91
Brabant, merchants of, robbed, 9-10
Bradshaw, John, his dead body hanged on Tyburn gallows, 190
Breaking on the wheel—
not in use in England, 23-4
adoption recommended, 246
Bréauté, Fawkes de, hangs Constantine Fitz-Athulf 85-6
Brembre, Nicholas, his misdeeds and fate, 107
Brentford, gallows at, 15
Brinklow Henry, on rapacity of landlords, 139
Briton, Ralph—
a priest, imprisoned on false accusation, 87
released, 87-8
Bronchotomy, 225, 252
Brownrigg, Mrs., her cruelty to apprentices, 253-54
Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, 181 note
assassinated by Felton, 182
Bucquinte, Andrew, a burglar, 82-3
Buffer, Peter de, a robber, 86
Bunyan “Pilgrim’s Progress,” 156
Burgh, Hubert de, justiciar, 85-6
Burghley, Lord—
defends use of torture, 35-6, 161-62, 162-63 and note
pamphlets ascribed to, 35, 161, 163, 164 note
Burial of persons executed—
in Pardon churchyard, 49-50
refused in St. Sepulchre’s, 50
corpses thrown into pits, 51, 177
Burnet, Dr. Gilbert, 204, 207
Burning—
in hand 130-31
in cheek enacted in 1699, repealed in 1706, 221
of women, 4, 105, 207, 230, 235-36, 257
Bury St. Edmund’s—
boy-martyr of, 91
monastery of, 137
Butler, Samuel—
mentions Dun, the hangman, 46
Ode on Duval, 197-98
Camden, William, historian—
“Britannia,” 23 note, 65
“History of Elizabeth” quoted, 161, 164 note, 168, 170-71
Cameron, Dr. Archibald—
executed long after rebellion, 249
behaviour, and manner of death, 249
“Can I not do as I like with my own?” 139 and note
Canterbury, Archbishop of, votes against repeal of Shoplifting Act, 257 note
Capital offences, number of, 6, 257
Capital punishment—
abolished by William the Conqueror, 56
re-instituted by Henry I., 56
Cardan, Jerome, misquoted by Harrison, 142-43
Carlyle, Thomas, on Basil Montague, 265
Carr, Robert, Viscount Rochester and Earl of Somerset—
friendship with Overbury, 178
makes conquest of Countess of Essex, 179
marries her after her divorce, 180
refuses to plead guilty to charge of murdering Overbury, 180-81
condemned and pardoned, 180
in possession of some secret, 180-81
Was he guilty? 180
means devised to silence him, 181
Carter, William, drawn and hanged for printing a book, 162-63
Catur, William, slain in single combat, 115
Caursins, rivals of the Jews as money-lenders, 94
“Celtic fringe,” 100 note
Chains and manacles, ordered to be brought to Tower, 99
Challoner, Dr. Richard, historian, quoted, 52, 167, 176, 177, 182, 185
Charing Cross—
Station on site of Hungerford House, 125
gallows set up at, 152 and note
Pillory at, 202
Charles I.—
and Henrietta Maria, 65-6
executions under, 76-7
conflict with Parliament as to execution of priests, 184, 204
Charles II.—
his court almost pure compared with that of James I., 178
proclamations, 194-5
supposed design to assassinate, 200
unjustly blamed for Popish Plot executions, 204-5
and Rye House Plot, 205
Charterhouse—
of London, 49, 133
Prior of, 134
of Beauvale, 134
of Axholmes, 134
Priors of Beauvale and Axholme, 134
execution of the three Priors, 134-36
three Monks of London House executed, 136
Horne, William, a lay brother of, executed, 147
Chaucer—
his Prioress, 7
her story, 91
Chauncy, Maurice, his account of the martyrdom of the Carthusians, 133-36
Chelsea, gallows at, 15
Chidley, Samuel, 79
writes against “over-much justice,” 186-87
Children burnt or hanged, 78, 246, 257-58
Chiltern Hundreds—
origin of stewardship of, 8-9
forests, 11
“Christ’s poor,” 141
become “paupers,” 142
Church, no church that erreth not, 158 note
Churches robbed, 118
Ciltria, see Chiltern
Clergy, benefit of—
right to claim barred by bigamy, 127
could be claimed by murderer till 1531, 129
what it was, 129, 130-31
extended in 1351-52 to all clerks, 129, 130
constantly narrowed, 131
in 1726, 131
abolished in 1827, 131
Clitherow, Margaret, manner of her death, 39
Cobbett, William—
on “Histories of England,” 4
on “rooks and daws,” 5
on Waverley Abbey, 15 note
Cobham, Dame Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester, 113-15
her penance, 114-15
Cock tavern in Cheapside, murder of landlord, 105, 111
Coin—
debased state of, 214
men in royal dockyards paid in clipped money, 215
Coining—
became a common offence, 214, 219, 220
legislation as to coin, 214-15
in Newgate prison, 221
Coke, Lord Chief Justice—
on punishment for high treason, 32, 33 note
on torture, 36
busy in discovery of murder of Overbury, 181 note
Collier, Jeremy—
outlawed for absolving Friend and Perkins, 216
Common Prayer, Book of—
Commission to try those who reject, 158
death to write against, 177
Commonwealth, executions under, 77, 187-88
Cony—
refuses to pay illegal tax, 186
Cromwell imprisons him, 186
Cornelius, John, story of his head, 51-2
Cornishmen, revolt of, 121-22
Cotell, John, murdered by his wife, afterwards Lady Hungerford, 126-27
Courts—
multiplicity of, 16-19
conflicts between, 16-19
petty, in France, 57 note
Cranmer, Thomas—
pronounces divorce of Catherine, 132
of Anne Boleyn, 136-37
Crimes—
extraordinary accumulation of, 213
Criminal begged of the King by 18 maids, 208
Cromwell, Oliver—
bones found (?), 53
guilty of the blood of Southworth, 185
Why has he a statue? 185-86
his military despotism, 186, 187 and note
throws into prison Cony, and his counsel, 186
removes judge from bench, 186
greatest recorded number of executions at one time during Commonwealth, 187-88
arrests 500 persons, 187 note
and Don Pantaleon Sa, 189
his last executions, 190
his body hanged on Tyburn gallows, 190-92
legends on this subject, 192
body of his mother and of others removed from Westminster Abbey, 192
his mother’s body removed, 192
Cromwell, Thomas, calls Tyburn “Thyfbourne,” 137
Cunningham, Peter, “Handbook of London,” 45, 46, 47, 64 note
Dangerfield, Thomas, perjurer—
pilloried and whipped, 202
killed by Francis, 202
Daniel, P. A., on references to Triple Tree, 64
David, Prince of Wales, execution of, 31
David II., of Scotland, 104
David III., of Wales, head exposed on Tower of London, 100
Death—
Penalty of, for relieving a priest, 166
for being reconciled to Roman Church, 165-66
“Decay of England,” 141 and note
Defoe, Daniel, 67
biographer of Jack Sheppard, 233
his grandson, 258
Derrick, a kind of crane, said to be named after a hangman, 45
Dickens, Charles—
against public executions, 4
Dennis, the hangman in Barnaby Rudge, 48
in Hungerford Street, 126
Hanging-Sword Alley, 242
Dictionary of National Biography, 44
Disembowelling, see High Treason
Dissection—
enacted, to add terror to death-sentence, 247
of Earl Ferrers, 251
of Mrs. Brownrigg, 253-54
Dodd, Dr., 261-63
intercession of Dr. Johnson, 262
Dow, Master Robert, makes provision for tolling bell of St. Sepulchre’s, 175-76
“Drawing”—
what it was, 27
several kinds of, 27-30
simple dragging to gallows, 27
on an ox-hide, 28, 29
on a hurdle, 29
on a sledge, 29 note
dragging to death, 29-30
dragging to pieces, 30
“Drop”—
introduced at execution of Earl Ferrers, 251
a feature of the gallows at Newgate, 251
its object, 252-53
Dryden—
“On Tyburn,” 74
on Jack Ketch, 46
Ducket, Laurence, story of, 97-8
Dunning, a noted robber, 11, 17
Dunstable—
district around, infested by robbers, 17
Priory, 17-18
Duval, Claude—
a famous highwayman, 194, 195-98
William Pope’s “Memoirs,” not to be taken too seriously, 197
Ecclesford, gallows at, 16
Ecclesiastics—
ought not to shed blood, 13
but have gallows, 13
power to stay execution, 13
Edgar, King, 13
Edward I., 11, 14, 16, 18, 24
Year Book of, 38
Edward II., 101
Edward III., 101, 104
Edward IV., 119
Edward VI., 77, 137, 139, 142, 150, 153
Slave Act of, 140
revolt of peasants, 150-51
death of, 151
Effigy to be hanged, 18
Elizabeth, Queen, 140, 155
executions under, 76-7
penal laws of, 164 and note
last of her victims, 175
and the Pope, 156
torture in constant use under, 35-6, 161-62
does not believe in charges on which priests were executed, 161
Elm—
symbol of justice among Normans, 57
famous elm cut down, 57
“Judges under the elm-tree,” 57
“Elms, The,” 81, 85, 86 note
of Tyburn, 57, 60 and note
of Smithfield, 57, 60 and note
of Westminster Abbey, 57-8
of Covent Garden, 58
of Canterbury, 58
of Westbourne, 58
confusion between Tyburn and Smithfield, 58-9
new gallows ordered for, 60
first indication of site of, 61
Longbeard executed here, 81
Mortimer erroneously said to have been the first, 103 and note
Constantine, Fitz-Athulf, 85, 86 and note
and execution of Turberville, 99
of Wallace, 100
Elms Lane (now Mews), Bayswater, 58
Ementulation—
part of the punishment for high treason, 32
but not always forming part of sentence, 32, 33
Essex (Robert Devereux) Earl of, 168, 170-71, 174
Essex (Robert Devereux), Earl of Essex (son of the foregoing), marries Frances Howard, and is divorced, 179-80
Execution—
various ways of, 19-26
by breaking neck, 19
by throwing into sea, 19
by burial alive, 19-20
must be carried out by prosecutor, 20
by tying to a stake at low water, 20
by throwing into a well, 20
by “infalistation,” 20
by throwing into harbour, 20
by burning, 20
by boiling, 21, 22
by hanging alive in chains, 22, 31 note
by being built into a sea-wall, 22
by beheading, 23
by flaying alive, 24-5
by enclosing within walls, 25
by crucifixion, 26
by drawing, i.e., dragging to death, 30
by dragging to pieces, 30
place of, question arises as to, 255
Execution Dock, 63
Executions—
Adams, John, 165
Ainger, Richard, 169-70
Alfield, Thomas, 164 and note
Alice atte Bowe, 97-8
Allen, Sir John, 144
Almond, John, 177
Anderson (or Richardson), William, 175
ap Gryffydd, Sir Rhys, 132 and note
Armstrong, Sir Thomas, 206
Arundell, Humfrey, 151
Ashbey, —, 150
Ashton, Col., 190
—, Roger, 167
Athol, Earl of, 101
Austin, John, 266-67
Awater, John, 121
Axtell, Daniel, 190
Babington, Arthur, 58 note
Barkstead, Col., 190
Barkworth, Mark, 171-74
Barney, Kenelme, 159
Barrow, Henry, 167
Barton, Elizabeth, 133
Beasley, Richard, 193-94
Bedell, John, 154
Bel, —, a Suffolk man, 151
Bell, Arthur, 184
Benson, —, 188
Bernes, Sir John, 107
Berry, Henry, 201
Bery, —, 151
Bestely, —, 190
Bigott, Sir Francis, 144
Billings, Thomas, 235-36
Bird, Robert, 147
Blake, John, 107
Blount, Sir Thomas, 108, mythical details, 109
“Blueskin” (Joseph Black), 234
Booking, Edward, 133
Bolinbrooke, Roger, 115
Bolner (or Bulmer), Sir John, 144
Bosgrave, Thomas, 52
Bradford, —, 154
Brembre, Nicholas, 107
Brian, Alexander, 161-62
Bridlington, Prior of, 144
Brocas, Sir Bernard, 108
Bromholme, Edmund, 147
Brownrigg, Elizabeth, 253
Bullaker, Thomas, 184
Bullocke, Peter, 174
Campion, Edmund, 160-61
Carey, Terence, 52
Carter, William, 162-63
Charnock, Robert, 215
Cheyney, Margaret, 144
Clarendon, Sir Roger, 109
Clark, John, 258
Claxton (or Clarkson), James, 165-66
Clifford, Edward, 145
Clinch, Tom, 240
Clitherow, Margaret, 39
Cokerell, Dr., 143, 144
Coleby, John, 260
Coleman, Edward, 33, 201
Collins, —, a priest, 145
Condom, John, 208
Condon, Isabella, 266
Coningsbey, Edmond, 145
Conspirators of 1236, 86-7
Constable, William, alias Fetherstone, 153
Constantine, nephew of Constantine Fitz-Athulf, 86
Cooke, Laurence, Prior of Doncaster, 147
Copin, a Jew of Lincoln, 94
Corbet, Miles, 190
Corby, Ralph, 184
Cornelius, John, 52
Cottam, Thomas, 160-61
Cotton, Edward, 193-94
Cranburne, Charles, 216
Cratwell, the hangman, 145
Croftes, —, a priest, 145
Cuffe, Henry, 174
Culpeper, Thomas, 150
Dacres, Lord (of the South), 148
Daniel, John, 154
David III., 100
David, Prince of Wales, 32
David, John, 115
Davy, Margaret, 22
Deane, W., 165-66
de Bereford, Sir Symon, 103
Dedike (or Dethyke), John, 154
Defoe, John Joseph, 258
de la Motte, F. H., 266
de Marisco, William, see Marsh
Derham, Francis, 150
Dering, John, 133
Dibdale, Richard, 165
Dickenson, Margaret (who revives), 226
Dingley, Thomas, and others, 146
Dodd, Dr., 263
Drury, Robert, 176
Duckett, John, 184
Duel (who revives), 223-24
Duval, Claude, 196
Dyer, Clement, 149
Egerton, Ralph, 147
Elks, Henry, 165
Ellys, James, a great pickpurse, and seven others, 151
Elwes, Sir Gervase, 180
Empson, Thomas, 146-47
Exeter, Marquis of, 145
Exmew, Thomas, 136
Felton, John, 156
—, John, 182-83
—, Thomas, 165-66
Fenn, James, 163
Fenwick, John, 201
Fereby, Sir William, 108
Fernley, —, 207
Filby, William, 162
Filcock, Roger, 171-74
Fitz-Athulf, Constantine, 83, 85-6
Fitz-Harris, Edward, 33, 201
Fitz Osbert (or Osborn), William, 79-81
Flamock, Thomas, 123
Flower, Richard, 166
Ford, Thomas, 162
Fortescue, Sir Adrian, 145
Fountains, former Abbat of, 143-44
Francis, —, 202
Franklin, James, 180
Fraser, Simon, 63, 100
Friend, Sir John, 215
Frowds, John, 148
Gahagan, Usher, 242
Gardner, Garmaine, 150
Garet, —, 144
Garnet, Henry, 176
—, Thomas, 176-77
Gascoign, Richard, 227
Gaunt, Elizabeth, 206
Gavan, John, 201
Gening, Darby, 147
Genings, Edmund, 166
Geoffrey, one so called, 86
Geoffrey “de Beverley,” and twelve others, 96
Gerard, —, 188-90
Gervase (or Jarvis), George, 176
Greenwood, John, 167
Gibbs, Nathaniel, 193
Gibson, James, 254
Gold, Henry, 133
Golden Farmer, the (William Davis), 211
Goodgrom, William, 112
Gordon (who revives), 224
Green, Robert, 201
Greene, Anne (who revives), 225-26
—, Thomas, 160
Grey Friars, eight, 109
Grove, John, 32, 201
Guest, William, 254
Gunter, William, 165-66
Gurdemaine, Margery, a witch, 114
Hacker, Francis, 190
Hackman, Revd. James, 264
Hackshot, Thomas, 174, 175
Hall, John, 108
—, John, 159-60
—, John, 227
Hamerton, Sir Stephen, 144
Hanse, Everard, 160
Harcourt, William, 201
Harford, Henry, 144
Harington, William, 167
Harman, Thomas, 147
Hawes, Nathaniel, 230
Hawley, Oliver, 208
Haydock, George, 163
Hays, Catherine, 235-36
Heath, Henry, 184
Hemerford, Thomas, 163
Herring, Mrs., 258
Hever, Thomas, 145
Hewet, Dr., 190
Hill, Lawrence, 201
Hinde, James, 194
Hodson, Sydney, 166
Holande, —, a mariner, 145
Holford (or Acton), Thomas, 165-66
Holland, Thomas, 184
Holmes, Thomas, 151
Hone, William, 205
Home, Giles, 147
—, William, 147
Houghton, Father, Prior of the Charterhouse, 134-36
Hughes, John, 132 and note
Hungerford, Lady Alice (Agnes), 124, 127
Hungerford, Lord, 128
Inges, William, 127, 128
Ireland, William, 32, 201
Ivetta de Balsham (who revives), 226, 227 and note
James, John, 193
Jervaulx, Abbat of, 143, 144
Johnson, Robert, 160-61
Johnson, a confederate of Sadler, 199
Jones, Charles, 260
—, Mary, 256
Jonston, Sir John, 210-11
Joseph, Michael, 123
Kelly, John, title page (back), 268
Kerbie, Lucas, 160-61
Keys, Thomas, 215
King, Edward, 215
Lacy, Bryan, 166
Lane, William, 260
Langhorn, Richard, 32, 201
Larke, —, Parson of Chelsea, 150
Larkin, for coining in Newgate prison, 221
Laund, Prior of, 110
Lawrence, Father, Prior of Beauvale Charterhouse, 134-36
Lea, Thomas, 171 and note
Lech, bailiff of Louth, his brother Edward, and a priest, 150
Leigh, —, 149
Leigh, Richard, 166
Lewis, William, 260
Limerick, Thomas, 193-94
Line, Anne, 171-74
Llewellyn, brother of David III., 100
Loisie (Louis), Emanuel, 168
Lomeley, George, 144
“Longbeard,” see Fitz Osbert
Lopez, Roderigo, 168
Lowe, John, 165
Lowick, Major, 216
Maclean, James, 244-45
Mantell, John, 148
Marsh, William, 62-3, and 16 of his band, 90-1
Martin, Richard, 166
Mason, John, 166
Master, Richard, 133
Mather, Edmund, 159
Mathewe, William, 127, 128
Maudelyn, parson, 108
Maxfield, Thomas, and thirteen criminals, 182
Maynvile, Anthony, 132
Menstreworth, Sir John, 105
Menteith, Earl of, 104-5
Mercer, John, and 23 others, 187-88
Merrick, Sir Gilly, 174
Messenger, Peter, 193-94
Middlemore, Humfrey, 136
Milksop, John, 17
Mitchell, Anthony, 23 note
Monmouth, Duke of, 47
Moore, Hugh, 165-66
Morgan, Edward, 184
Morse, Henry, 184
Mortimer, John, 111
—, Roger, 61, 101-3
Morton, Robert, 165-66
Moudrey, David Samuel, 42
Mountagew, Lord, 145
Munden, John, 163
Nelson, John, 160
Nevell, Sir Edward, 145
Newdigate, Sebastian, 136
Newport (or Smith), Richard, 177
Norton, Christopher, 155
—, Thomas, 155
Nutter, John, 163
Okey, Col., 190
Oldcastle, Sir John, 58 note
Oxburgh, Col., 227
Page, Francis, 174-75
Palleotti, Marquis de, 228
Patenson, William, 167
Paul, Rev. William, 227
Payne, Benjamin, 254
Paynes, a desperate character, 213
Peckham, Henry, 154
Percy, Sir Thomas, 144
Perkins, Sir William, 215
Perreau, Robert and Daniel, 260-61, 262
Perrott, John, 227
Philip, Clement, 147
Philippe, Francis, 132
Phillips, George, 193
Pickering, Thomas, 32, 201, 204-5
Plasden, Polydore, 166
Plunket, Dr. Oliver, 32, 201
Powel, Philip, 184
Price, John, hangman, 228
Proctor, —, 155
Pykeryng, Christopher, 132
—, John, 143, 144
Redmond, Patrick (who revives), 225
Reynolds, a Brigittine monk, 136
—, Thomas, 183
— (who revives), 224
Richardson, Lawrence, 162
Risby, Richard, and another, 133
Roberts, John, and sixteen felons, 177
Roch, John, 166
Roe, Bartholomew, 183
Roidon, George, 148
Rolfe, Henry, 159
Rookwood, Brigadier, 216
Rose, Richard, 21, 22
Rossey, William, 154
Rouse, John, 205
Russell, Lord William, 47, 206
Ryland, Wm. Wynne, 266
Sa, Don Pantaleon, 188-90
Sadler, Thomas, 198-99
Salisbury, Sir John, 107
Salmon, Patrick, 52
Sawtre, William, 59
Scot, John, and four others, 119-20
—, William, 177
Senex, John, 83
Sergeant (or Lea), Richard, 165
Serle, William, 110
Shelley, Sir Bennet, 108
—, Edward, 166
Sheppard, Jack, 233
Shert, John, 162
Sherwine, Ralfe, 160-61
Sherwood, Thomas, 160
Singleton, —, 150
“Sixteen-string Jack,” 260
Slingsby, —, 190
Smith, Captain John, 63
Smith, John, known as “half-hanged,” 221
—, William, 244
Somer, —, and three vagabonds, 146
Somers (or Wilson), Thomas, and sixteen felons, 177
Southwell, Robert, 169
Southworth, John, 185
Spiggott, 229
Squire, Edward, 170
Stacy, —, 190
Stafford, Thomas, 154
—, Viscount, 33, 201
Strancham, Edward, 165
Stansbury, James, 241-42
Stanton, William, 154
Stayley, William, 32, 200
Story, Dr. John, 64, 157, 159
Strangewayes, Major, 39-40
Stretchley, —, 154
Stubbs, Francis, 193
Tatersall, —, 149
Tempeste, Nicholas, 144
Thistlewood, Arthur, 33, 34
Thomas, William, 152
Thompson (or Blackborne), William, 165
Thornton, —, 149
Throckmorton, Francis, 163
—, John, 154
Thwing, Thomas, 201
Tichburn, Nicholas, 174, 175
—, Thomas, 174-75
Tonge, Thomas, 193
Town, Richard, 227
Townley, Francis, 33
Tresilian, Chief Justice, 106-7
Trotman, Samuel, 260
Turberville, Sir Thomas, 98-9
Turner, Anthony, 201
—, Mrs. 180
Tyrell, Sir James, 123
Uske, Thomas, 107
Walcott, Thomas, 205
Wallace, John, 101
—, Sir William, 31, 32 and note, 99-100, 101
Warbeck, Perkin, 121
Ward, Margaret, 166
Ward, William, 183
Watkinson, Robert, 174-75
Wawe, Wille, 111-12
Webley, Henry, 165-66
—, Thomas, 164 and note
Webster, Father, 134-36
Wells, Swithin, 166
Weston, Richard, 180
White, Eustachius, 166
Whitebread, Thomas, 201
Whitney, James, 213
Wild, Jonathan, 235
Wilford, Thomas, 248
Wilkinson, Abraham, 23 note
—, Oswald, 159-60
—, —, 213
William, a messenger of the King, 88
William “Longbeard,” see Fitz Osbert
Wilson, Penlez, and 13 others, 243
Winslowe, —, 151
Woodall, Richard, 154
Woodfen (Wheeler, or Devereux), Nicholas, 164-65
Woodhouse, Thomas, 160
Wright, Peter, and 13 malefactors, 184
Wyndham, Sir John, 123
Wyntreshull, Thomas, 108
Yorke, Edmund, Williams, Richard, and an Irish fencing-master, 168
Various, of unnamed persons—
1238, “a learned squire,” 30
1255, 18 Jews of Lincoln, 94
1267, 13 rioters, 96
1271, 33 rioters, 30
1278, 280 Jews in London, and a very great multitude elsewhere, 97
1284, 7 (or 16?) for murder of Duket, 97-8
1293, 13 persons, 37
1345, 4 servants of Sir John, 104
1386, wife and 3 (4?) servants, of landlord of the “Cock,” 105-6
1455, 2 or 3 for riot in London, 117
1467, 4 men, a fellowship of church robbers, 119
1483, 4 yeomen of the Crown, 120
1495, 150 adherents of Perkin Warbeck, 120
1502, a shipman, 123
1532, certain traitors, 132
1537, 7 men of Lincolnshire, 143
1540, several, in London, 146
1549, 3 out of the West, 150-51
1550, 9 felons, 151
1552, 3 tall men and a lacquey, 151
1553, 2 felons, 151
1554, 58 after Wyatt’s rebellion, 152
1556, “hangman with the stump-leg,” 155
” 10 thieves, 153
1557, a woman of 60 and a lad, 155
1570, 2 coiners, 156
1590, 16 felons, 166
1598, 19 felons, 170
1640, 24 felons, 187-88
1679, 8 priests, 201
1680, 12 men and 3 women, 205
1690, 6 persons, 209
” 13 ” 211
1693, 14 ” 213
1694, 18 ” 213
” 14 ” 213
1696, 14 ” 219
1697, 14 ” 219
1732, 13 ” 236
1733, 12 ” 236
” 13 ” 236
1736, 2 men at Bristol (who revive), 224
1737, 12 persons, 236
1738, 13 ” 236
” 11 ” 236
1739, 11 ” 236
” 11 ” 236
1750, 13 ” 243
1750, 13 persons, 243
1750, 3 women drunk, 244
1750, 6 for robbing of 6s., 244
1750, 11, and Maclean, 244
1750, 15 persons, 246
1751, 3 boys, 246
1752, 11 persons, 249
1754, 12 ” 249
1757, 12 ” 249
1769, 5 weavers, 255
1773, 5 persons, 258
1780, man for robbing Jeremiah Bentham, 266
1785, 20, 5 for one robbery, 268
frequency of, in 1539, 141-42
under Henry VIII., 142-43
5,000, in Wales, 143
Eye—
gallows at, 15
a witch of, 114
Eyes, tearing out of, 56
Farleigh Castle, 124-29
Ferrers, Earl of, murdered (1177), 82
Ferrers, Earl—
a homicidal lunatic, 249
his splendid procession, 250
“drop” introduced at his execution, 251
legend of the silk rope, 251
Fielding, Henry,—
law reformer, iv, 78
“Jonathan Wild, the Great,” 234
Fielding, Sir John, 259
Fife, Earl of, 104
Fifth-Monarchy men, outbreak of, 193
Fisher, John, Bishop of Rochester—
attempt to poison, 21-2
and Elizabeth Barton, 133
Fitz-Athulf, Constantine, 83-6, 103
Fitz Osborn (or Osbert), William, known as “Longbeard,” his execution the first recorded at Tyburn, 79, 103
Flaying alive, 24-5
Fleet Street, gallows set up in, 152
“Fleta” quoted, 31 note, 37
Forests bordering on highways—
cleared, 8, 10 note
in England, 7-9
Fortescue, Chief Justice, quoted, iv, 138
France—
etiquette of the gallows, 19
hanging on trees, 19
the elm, as a symbol of justice, 57
petty courts, 57 note
Franchises—
granted by the Crown, 7
value of franchise of furca et fossa, 18
Freeman, Edward Augustus, historian, “Norman Conquest” quoted, 13, 56
French Peasantry, miserable condition of, as compared with English yeomen, 138
Friars—
mitigate punishment, vi
minorite, plead for Jews of Lincoln, 94-5
lose favour thereby, 95
Froude, James Anthony, historian, “We cannot blame the Government,” 136
Fry, Mrs., quoted, iv
“Furca et fossa,” 7
Gahagan, Usher, edits Latin authors, translates Pope into Latin, hanged for filing gold, 242
Gallows—
great number of, in 13th century, 7
prioresses have, 7
ordinary form of, 63
triangular, 63-4, 249
how many could be hanged at a time? 64
new, erected at “The Elms” in 1220, 60, 103
at “The Elms” in 1170, 60
great number set up in London in 1554, 152
and bodies of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, 191
movable, introduced, 249
at Bethnal Green, 255
high gallows, 99, 100-1, 257
And see Tyburn gallows
Gascoigne, Chief Justice, on peine forte et dure, 38
Gaunt, Elizabeth, last woman burnt in England for political offence, 207
Geninges, Edmund—
“Life and Death” of, 65
manner of his death, 166-67
George I., 217, 219, 227
George II., 218, 219
George III., 219, 262
Gibbet—
always remote from towns, and why, 62-3
scanty information as to, 62
term used loosely, 62
of Montfaucon, 63
mention of, 86-7, 88, 100
Gibbets on Kennington Common (illustration)
Gilpin, Bernard, “Apostle of the North,” on rapacity of landlords, 139
Glastonbury Abbey, Charter of, 13
Gloucester, Duke of, murdered, 108, 116
Gloucester, statute of, 14
Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry, 178
probably self-murdered, 200
supposed murder used politically, 200
three men hanged for his murder, 201
Goodman, Thomas—
Parliament petitions for his execution, 184
dies in Newgate, 184
Governing classes, ferocity of, 78, 246-48, 257-58
Governments, under temptation to appeal to ignorance of people, 156-57
Green, J. R., historian, quoted, 56
Greenford, gallows at, 15
Gregory’s Chronicle, 63, 91 note, 110 note, 111-12
Grey, Lady Jane, 151
Guilds—
older than King Alfred, 140
destroyed, 140
Guillotine, machine resembling, in use in England before the Conquest, 23
Gunpowder Plot, 66 note
does not come into Annals of Tyburn, 176
Habeas Corpus—
not suspended by Charles II., 218
nor by James II., 219
suspended by William III. four times, 219
suspended by Anne once, 219
suspended by George I. thrice, 219
suspended by George II. four times, 219
suspended by George III. twenty times, 219
insincere writing about, 219 note
Halifax, machine resembling guillotine in use at, 23
Hallam, Henry, historian, on habeas corpus, 219 note
Halliford, gallows at, 16
Hampstead, gallows at, 16
“Hanged, drawn and quartered,” see “Drawing”
Hanging—
at Spalding, 19
on trees, 19, 137
in chains, 80, 99, 236, 246, 247
from a ladder, 135, 225
from a cart, 225
not enough, essays on the question, 246-47
revival after, see Revival
Hanging-Sword Alley, 241-42
Hangman—
several hanged, 3, 45-8
public ingratitude towards, 44
Cratwell, 45, 145
“Hangman with the stump-leg,” 45, 155
Bull, 45
Derrick, 45
Brandon, Gregory, 45, 46
Brandon, Richard, 46
Lowen, 46, 188
Dun “Esquire,” 46
Ketch, Jack, 46, 47, 207
his name became generic, 47
Rose, Pascha, 46, 207
Price, John, 47, 228
Meff, John, 47
Thrift, John, 48
Dennis, Edward, 48
and Jonathan Wild, 235
Hanover Square, 69 note
Harington, William, manner of his death, 167
Harrison, William, historian—
his “Description of England,” 21-4, 22 note, 38-9, 40
misquotes Cardan, 142-43
Hawes, Nathaniel, put in the Press, 41
Hay Hill, Hyde Park, gallows set up at, 152
Hays, Catherine—
murders her husband, 235-36
inspires Thackeray’s “Catherine, A Story,” 236
Heads, strange discovery of, 51-2
Heiress—
stealing one made a felony, 209
case of Mary Wharton, 209-11
Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., visit to Tyburn, 65, 66 and note, 67, 182
print representing of no historical value, 67 note
Henry I., 17, 24, 56-7
Henry II., 24
Henry III.—
Attempt to assassinate, 30, 88, 89, 90
orders new gallows, 60 and note, 63
mentioned, 93-4
pardons woman who revives after hanging, 226-27 and note
Henry IV., 108, 109
Year Book of, 38
Henry VI., 112-15
pardons murderers of Duke of Gloucester after drawing and hanging, 116, 117
Henry VII., 119, 121, 122, 123, 141 note
Henry VIII., 77, 126, 132
divorces Catherine, 132
invests himself with supremacy of the Church, 133, 134
divorces Anne Boleyn, 136
procures dissolution of monasteries, 136
his order to kill man, woman, and child, 137
and Cardan, 142-43
his executions, 142-43, 146
and Catherine Howard, 150
Heretics—
Protestant, burnt under James I., 177
Heytesbury, a seat of the Hungerford family, 124, 125, 126
Highwaymen—
era of, 78
proclamations as to, 194-95
Hind and Hannum, 195
Duval, 195-98
rewards for capture of, 195
rob mail of £2,500, 195
Manchester carrier of £15,000, 195
mail of £5,000, 207
excellent account given by Macaulay, 198
The Golden Farmer, 211
Witney, James, 211-13
seven executed, 212
20 in Newgate (1693), 213
8 executed (1694), 213
“The Gentleman Highwayman,” 244
strange story of, 259
Highway robbery, an out-door sport, 258-59
Hinde, James, a noted highwayman, 194, 195
Hogarth, William—
representation of Tyburn gallows, 68, 72
print of Idle Apprentice, 241
“Blood-Bowl House,” 241
“Stages of Cruelty,” 245, 248
“Homors” of Canterbury Cathedral, corruption of “Ormeaux,” 58
Hope, A. J. B., on discovery of bones, 53
Hospitals seized, 140
Hounslow Heath, 151, 259
Howard, Catherine, 150
Howard, Frances—
Countess of Essex, 179
passion for Carr, 179
poisons Overbury, 179
procures divorce from Earl of Essex, 179-80
marries Carr, 180
pleads guilty to charge of murdering Overbury, 180
is condemned and pardoned, 180
her end, 180
Howell, James, quoted, 177, 181 note
Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 80-1
Hue and Cry—
described by Bracton, 12
raised in a panic, 12
raised, 17
“Humeaux,” 60 note
And see “The Elms”
Hungerford, Lady Alice (Agnes)—
murders her first husband, John Cotell, 124, 126-27
hanged at Tyburn, 124
buried in Grey Friars Church, 125
second wife of Sir Edward Hungerford, 125
inherits all his goods, 126
indicted in Somerset, 126
trial removed to Westminster, 127
sentenced to be hanged, 127
Hungerford, Sir Thomas, 124
Sir Edward, 125, 126, 128, 129
Hungerford—
House, 125
Market, 125
Stairs, 125
Bridge, 126
Street, 126
Hurdle—
mitigates punishment of drawing, vi
first mention of, 29 and note
“hurdle” and “sledge,” words used indifferently, 29 note, 192
Hyde Park Corner, gallows erected at, 152
Ickneild Street, 17
Ina, Law of, 7
Ireton, Henry, body hanged at Tyburn, 190
Isabella, wife of Edward II., 101
Iveney, gallows at, 16
James I., 176
executions in reign of, 76
his “favourites,” 178, 181 note
correct attitude towards the “Bishop of Rome,” 178
gross immorality of his Court, 178
Was he an accomplice in the murder of Overbury? 181
or guilty of the death of Prince Henry? 181
Jardine, David, on torture, 36 note
Jeaffreson, John Cordy, “Middlesex County Records,” 76-7
Jeffreys, Lord Chancellor, 106
Jews accused of murder of boy at Lincoln, 91-5
eighteen hanged, 94
280 hanged in London and a multitude elsewhere, 97
lend money on relics, 138 and note
Johnson, Dr. Samuel—
on procession to Tyburn, 146
on Bernardi’s imprisonment, 217
and Dr. Dodd, 262
on murder of Miss Ray, 264-65
Johnson, Samuel (Rector of Corringham)—
writes against the Duke of York, 208
and the Government, 208
sentenced to be whipped to Tyburn, 208
degraded, 209
sentence annulled, 209
“John the Painter” hanged on gallows 60 feet high, 257
Jones, Mary—
her piteous story, 255-58
Sir W. Meredith on, 257-58
Judges, ferocity of, 28, 36, 40, 42, 166, 207
Judicial error, terrible in 1386, 105
“Juges sous l’orme,” 57
Jura regalia, 7
of the Most High, 248
Kennington Common—
execution on, 33, 48
gibbets on, (illustration)
Ketch, Jack, 207
a famous hangman, 46-7
beheads Lord William Russell and Duke of Monmouth, 47
his name becomes generic, 47
For other hangmen see under Hangman
Knightsbridge, gallows at, 15
Laleham, gallows at, 16
Landlords, rapacity of, 139
Latimer, Hugh—
his father a typical yeoman, 138-39
his sermons quoted, 138-39, 141-42
on frequency of executions, 141-42
jests at the burning of Friar Forest, 158 and note
on commission to try heretics, 158
jeers at burning of Anabaptists, 158
Law-French, an exquisite jargon, 33 note
Lawyers, the object of resentment, 19
Leofstan, Abbat, founds Wardenship of Chiltern Hundreds, 8-9
Limbs, lopping off of, 56, 86
Lincoln—
Jews of, accused of murder of boy, 91-5
18 hanged, 94
Cathedral and Little St. Hugh, 93
Lingard, Dr. John, historian, quoted, 168, 171 note
Lipsius, Justus, his “De Cruce,” v, 62
Llewellyn, brother of David III., head exposed on Tower of London, 100
Loftie, W. J., quoted, 62
Lombards, attack on, 116
London to be called “Little Troy,” 107
London Bridge, first heads exposed on, 100-1
Lopez Roderigo—
accused of designing to poison Elizabeth, 167-68
probably innocent, but executed, 168
Lorrain, Paul—
Ordinary of Newgate, 67
his loyalty, 227
his broadsheets, 228
his “saints,” 228
account of last scene, 240-41
Lundy Island, William Marsh establishes himself as a pirate there, 88-9
Macaulay, Thomas Babington, historian—
gives excellent account of highwaymen, 198
on Elizabeth Gaunt, 207
on Jeremy Collier, 216
on Major Bernardi, 216
on habeas corpus, 218-19
Machiavelli, Niccolò, his “Prince” quoted, 157
Machyn, Henry, value of his Diary, 151
Maclean, James—
“The Gentleman Highwayman,” 244-45
robs Horace Walpole, 244-45
not a free-thinker, 245
his skeleton in Surgeons’ Hall, 245
Magna Carta—
a conception of the thirteenth century, 218
derided by Cromwell, 218
the basis of habeas corpus, 218
Mails robbed, 195, 207
Manacles, a form of torture, 170
Mandeville, Bernard de, 78
describes an execution at Tyburn, 240
on supply of bodies for dissection, 248-49
Maps of London and of Middlesex, 65-8
Marble Arch—
gallows did not stand here, 61
improvements, 70
Marteilhe, Jean, 63
Martyrdom, held to atone for errors of persecutors, 158-59
Mary, Queen, 77, 151, 159, 177
Wyatt’s Rebellion, 151-52
conspiracy to rob Exchequer, 153-55
Menteith, Earl of, 104
Mercenaries, Foreign, 140 and note, 141
Meredith, Sir William—
law reformer, 78
on case of Mary Jones and another, 257-58
Middlesex County Records, 76
Mildmay, Sir Henry, drawn to Tyburn on a sledge, 192-93
Milksop, John, a thief, strange case of, 17
Milton, “Comus” quoted, 178
Minorite Friars—
plead for imprisoned Jews, 94-5
lose favour thereby, 95
Misson, Henri—
“Mémoires” quoted, 202 note
Monasteries—
Dissolution of, 136
results of, 137-43
destroys yeomanry, 139
Monks—
power to release thieves, 13-14
good landlords, 138, 139, 142
maintained the poor, 141
Monmouth, Duke of—
execution, 47
rebellion of, 206
Monson, Lord, drawn to Tyburn on a sledge, 192-93
Montague, Basil—
law reformer, 78
founds Society for the Diffusion of Knowledge upon the Punishment of Death, 258
son of the Earl of Sandwich, 265
Carlyle on, 265
More, Sir Thomas—
quoted on title page
on punishment for theft, 79
and Elizabeth Barton, 133
on numbers hanged, 142
Mortimer, Edmund—
invades the franchise of Montgomery, 18
Mortimer, Roger—
said in error to be the first executed at Tyburn, 103
his indictment, 104 note
Mourning-coach—
allowed to “gentlemen” on their way to Tyburn, 202 and note
first recorded case, 202 note
a seat in one refused to a foot-pad, 254
Mute, prisoners standing—
to be treated as guilty, 42
to be taken to plead “not guilty,” 43
And see Peine forte et dure
Necromancy, a story of, 112-15
Newbury, hundred of, fifteen gallows in, 7
Newgate—
heads set on, 104, 107
the “drop,” 257, 267
transfer of executions to, 267
capacity of new gallows, 268
20 men hanged at a time, 268
Norden, map of Middlesex, 65, 67
Norwich, riot at, 29, 30
Oates, Titus—
and Tonge invent the Popish Plot, 199-200
pilloried, whipped, and imprisoned, 202
last appearance in pillory, 203
re-established as Protestant champion, 203-4
his services rewarded, 204
Ordeal of water, 83 and note
Orton, Henry, condemned to death, 160-61
Overbury, Sir Thomas—
murder of, 178-79
a poet, 178
Ox-hide used for “drawing,” 28, 99
“The common,” 104
Paddington, gallows at, 15
Pardon Churchyard, burials in, 49-50
Parliament—
petitions for execution of priests, 157, 184
conflict on subject of Oates, 203 and note, 204
petitions for execution of Pickering, 205
Paston Letters, 10
Peasants, revolt of, in 1381, 106; in 1549, 150
Peine forte et dure—
judge-made, 36
successive stages of growth, 36-40
writers mistaken as to results of, 36, 41
originally severe imprisonment to make accused plead, 37, 38
Clitherow, Margaret, 39
Strangewayes, Major, 39, 40
Harrison on, 38, 39
became a punishment worse than hanging, 40
Stanford, Sir William, on, 41 and note
Spiggott’s case, 41, 229-30
Hawes’s case, 41, 230
abolished in 1772, 42
Thorely’s case, 42
Mercier’s case, 42
Chidley’s remonstrance, 187
Penal Laws, defended by Elizabeth’s Government, 164 note
Pepys, Samuel—
sees head of Cromwell and others on Westminster Hall, 192
sees Lord Monson and Sir H. Mildmay being drawn to Tyburn, 193
Perreau, Robert and Daniel—
and Mrs. Rudd, 260-61
Mr. Bleackley’s account of, 261
and Dr. Dodd, 262
Persecution, religious, considered a duty by the Reformers, 157-58
Peterborough, Abbat of, kills some of his monks, 138 note
Philip, husband of Queen Mary, 154
“Piers Plowman” quoted, 130
Pike, Luke Owen, “History of Crime” quoted, 203 note
Pirates, numerous, where and how executed, 20 and note
Pits for burial at Tyburn, 51
Placita de Quo Waranto, 14, 15
Poaching affray, 148-49
Poisoning made high treason, 21-2
Act so making it repealed, 22
“Great Oyer of Poisoning,” 178-81
Poisons, administered to Overbury, 179
Pope—
advises Richard I., 81
Elizabeth’s quarrel with, 156-57
Bunyan describes his impotent railing, 156
Pope, Alexander—
his epitaph on Trumball, 216
“Tyburn’s elegiac lines,” 240 note
Pope, William, Memoirs of Du Val, 195-97
Popish Plot, 199-205
Sixteen persons executed for, 201
Population of England—
under Henry VIII., estimated at 5,000,000, 141
Prance, Miles, a perjurer, his punishment, 202-3
Preachers of new doctrines imported, 139-40, 142
Predatory Classes, civilisation has improved their opportunities of plunder, 11, 12-13
Pretenders, adherents of, executed—
in 1715, 227
in 1718, 228
in 1746, 33
in 1753, 249
Pride, Thomas, 191
Princes Street, Hanover Square, gallows in, 42-3
Procession to Tyburn—
halts at St. Giles’s hospital, 4
great concourse, 145, 215, 243, 250, 261
Dr. Johnson on, 146, 267
not allowed to stop for drink, 243
grandest, 250
greatest known, 263
Dr. Dodd on, 263
Pym, John, his body removed, 192
Quartering, see Treason
“Rageman,” statute so called, 14
Ray, Miss Martha—
murdered by Hackman, 263-64
mistress of Lord Sandwich, 264, 265
mother of Basil Montague, 265
Grub Street ballad on, 265
Rebellion—
of 1745, 33, 249
in Cornwall (1497) 121-22
in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire (1536), 137; (1541), 149
in the West and Norfolk (1549), 150-51
in favour of Lady Jane Grey (1553), 151
Wyatt’s (1554), 151-52
in the North (1569), 155
Great, 185
Monmouth’s (1685), 206
Regicides, execution of, 190
Religious liberty not understood in the 16th century, 157-58
Reprieve, story of, 266
“Resources of civilisation,” 217-19
Revival after hanging, 221-27
John Smith, 221-23
Duel, 223-24
Chovet studies the question, 224
Gordon, 224
Reynolds, 224
two men at Bristol, 224
Patrick Redmond, 225
Anne Greene, 225-26
Margaret Dickenson, 226
Ivetta de Balsham, after hanging 12 hours, 226-27 and note
planned by Jack Sheppard, 233
of Dr. Dodd attempted, 263
Richard I.—
punishment ordered by, 19
his crusade, 79
imprisonment and ransom, 79-80
removes the justiciar, 81
Richard II., 106, 108, 109, 110
Richardson, Samuel, describes an execution at Tyburn, 50-1, 236-40
Riley, Henry Thomas, quoted, 60 note
Riots—
in London in 1222, 84-6
in London in 1267, 95-7
in Norwich in 1271, 29-30
in London in 1668, 193-94
in Strand in 1749, 242-43
in Bethnal Green in 1769, 255
Rishton, Edward, condemned to death, 160-61
Robbery—
ancient forms of, crude and limited, 10, 13
modern improvement and extension, 10, 11
Rochester, Bishop of, attempt to poison, 21-2
Rocque, John, his maps, 68
Romilly, Samuel, law reformer, vi, 78, 257 note
Rose, Richard, boiled to death, 21, 22
Rotuli Hundredorum, 14, 15, 16
Royal Exchange, pillory at, 202, 203
Russell, Lord William,—
executed for Rye House Plot, 47, 206
and execution of Pickering, 205
Rye House Plot—
executions for, 205-6
and Elizabeth Gaunt, 206
Sadler, Thomas, steals Chancellor’s mace, 198-99
St. Alban’s—
Leofstan, Abbat of, see Leofstan
highwaymen at, 211
St. George, Hanover Square—
map of Parish, 68
Dr. Dodd and the living of, 261
St. Giles-in-the-Fields—
“St. Giles’s bowl,” 4, 243
supposed site of royal gallows, 58-9, 58 note
Tangier tavern, lying in state of Claude Duval, 197
St. Hugh (Little) of Lincoln—
story of, 91-5
Chaucer’s “Prioress’s Tale,” 91
St. John of Jerusalem, Priory of, 49, 50
St. Margaret, Westminster, exhumed bodies buried in a pit, 192
St. Mary-le-Bow, occurrences at, 80-1, 97-8
St. Pancras (old church), Jonathan Wild buried at, 235
St. Paul’s Cathedral, 87
St. Paul’s, Covent Garden, 197
Saint Sepulchre’s—
burial in, refused, 50
burial in, 150
tolling of great bell established, 175-76
St. Thomas-a-Waterings—
gallows of, 61
executions at, 148, 180
Salisbury, a non-juring parson, forges to prejudice the Government, 220
Samson, Abbat of Bury St. Edmund’s, 137
Sandwich, Lord—
“protector” of Martha Ray, 264
invents the sandwich, 265
Saussure, César de—
quoted, iv
on benefit of clergy, 131
on peine forte et dure, 230 note
Savoy, custom of, 10
Scots, the first and last, on whom the full punishment for treason inflicted, 33
Sessions—
at Newgate every 3 weeks in 1539, 142
at the Marshalsea every fortnight, 142
Shaftesbury, Earl of, directs the Popish Plot, 200-2
Shakespeare quoted, 64-5, 65 note, 116, 157, 170
Shard, Justice, strains the law, 28
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, poet, quoted, v
Sheppard, Jack—
a great prison-breaker, 230
story of his last escape, 231-33
re-captured and hanged, 233
life written by Defoe, 233
portrait by Thornhill, 233
inspired a sermon, 234
Shepperton, gallows at, 16
“Ship of Fools,” iv, 140 note
Shirley’s “Wedding” quoted, 67
Shoplifting Act, vi, 220, 246
denounced by Romilly, 220
Shoreditch, Sir John of, his murder, 103-4
Sidmouth, Viscount, vi
Sieveking, Mr. Herbert, vi, 65 note, 68
Sisamnes, story of, 24
“Sixteen-string Jack,” 260
Slavery, re-established in England, 140
Sledge, “sledge” and “hurdle,” words used indifferently, 192
Smith, Sir Thomas—
“De Republica Anglorum,” quoted, 35
tortures, 35
on benefit of Clergy, 130-31
Smithfield—
“The Elms” of, the civic gallows, 57, 58, 59
burnings here for heresy, 59 and note
single combat in, 115
“Fires of Smithfield,” not extinguished by death of “bloody Mary,” 177
Sir W. Meredith on, 257-58
execution of highwayman at, 213
execution of bankrupt at, 227
Society, for the Diffusion of Knowledge upon the Punishment of Death, 258
Sorcery, a story of, 112-15
Southwell, Robert—
tortured, 36
poet and martyr, 168-69
Spalding, hanging at, 19
Spaniards, rumour that Philip has brought in 12,000, 154
Spiggott, —, put in the Press, 41, 229-30
Stafford, Thomas, his rebellion and execution, 154
Staines, gallows at, 16
Stanford, Sir William, “Les Plees del Coron,” 33 note, 40, 41 and note
Stanley, Dean, quoted, 25, 58 note
States General—
surrender Regicides, 190
and Sir Thomas Armstrong, 206
Statute Book, 200 capital offences on, 6
Statutes cited—
3 Edw. I. (1275), c. 12, 37
4 Edw. I. (1276) (“Rageman”), 14
4 Edw. I. (1276), c. 1, 2, 131
6 Edw. I. (1278) (Statute of Gloucester), 14
13 Edw. I. (1285) (Statute of Winchester), 10 note
18 Edw. III. (1344), St. 3, c. 2, 132
25 Edw. III. (1352), St. 5, c. 2, 30-1
25 Edw. III. (1352), St. 6, c. 4, 129
3 Henry VII. (1487), c. 3, 209
4 Henry VII. (1488-9), c. 19, 141 note
22 Henry VIII. (1530-1), c. 9, 21 and note
23 Henry VIII. (1531), c. 1, 129
26 Henry VIII. (1534), c. 1, 133
27 Henry VIII. (1535-6), c. 25, 143
32 Henry VIII. (1540-1), c. 16, 147
1 Edw. VI. (1547), c. 3 (Slave Act), 140
1 Edw. VI. (1547), c. 12, 22, 132
1 Eliz. (1559), c. 1, 163
23 Eliz. (1581), c. 1, 164
27 Eliz. (1584), c. 2, 175
1 James I. (1603), c. 15, 227 note
21 James I. (1623), c. 6, 77; c. 19, 227
13 Charles II. (1661), c. 15, 192
4 & 5 Will. and Mary (1692), c. 8, 195
7 & 8 Will. III. (1695-6), c. 1, 214; c. 19, 215
8 & 9 Will. III. (1696-7), c. 2, c. 8, c. 26, 215; c. 5, 217
9 Will. III. (1697), c. 2, c. 21, 215; c. 4, 217
10 Will. III. (1698), c. 12,[215] vi, 78, 220-21, 246
10 Will. III. (1698), c. 19, 217
1 Anne (1701), St. 1, c. 29, 217
4 & 5 Anne (1705), c. 4, 227
5 & 6 Anne (1706), c. 6, 221
1 Geo. I. (1714), st. 2, c. 7, 217
1 Geo. II. (1727), st. 1, c. 4, 218
5 Geo. II. (1732), c. 30, 227
8 Geo. II. (1735), c. 20, 224 note
25 Geo. II. (1752), c. 37, 247, 250
12 Geo. III. (1772), c. 20, 42
26 Geo. III. (1786), c. 49, 78
7 & 8 Geo. IV. (1827), c. 27, vi
7 & 8 Geo. IV. (1827), c. 28, 43, 131
5 Edw. VII. (1905), c. 13, 147
Acts suspending habeas corpus cited generally, 219
See also under Æthelstan, Alfred, Henry I., Ina, William the Conqueror.
Stephen, Sir James Fitzjames, opinion that we have gone too far in abolishing the penalty of death, 6
quoted, 12, 18, 36, 57, 129, 227
Stirling Castle, siege of, 99-100
Story, Dr. John—
a bitter persecutor, 157
his execution memorable, 157
triangular gallows first used for, 157
his career, 159
kidnapped, 159
executed, 159
Stow, John, burial of executed persons, 49-50
Strangeways, Major, manner of his death, 39-40
Stumphius, an imported preacher, 142
Strype, John, historian, quoted, 51-2, 69 and note, 158 note
Surgeons and bodies of executed criminals, 239, 243, 244, 248-49, 249
Surgeons’ Hall, 223, 248
Hogarth’s “Stages of Cruelty,” 245
bodies of murderers to be given to, 247, 248-49
body of Earl Ferrers in, 250, 251
body of Mrs. Brownrigg, 253-54
Swift, Jonathan—
on “Blueskin,” 234 note
on “Clever Tom Clinch,” 240
Tarlton, Richard—
his “Jests,” 45, 64 note
his “Newes out of Purgatorie,” 64
Teddington, gallows at, 15
Temple Bar, heads exposed on, 33
Thieves and robbers pursued without mercy, 13
Thistlewood and four others, manner of execution, 33, 34
Throckmorton, Francis, alleged treason of, 163-64 and note
Thumbs, tying together, 42
Tilford, the oak of, 15 note
“Time is money,” 54
Tonge, Dr. Ezrael, 199
Topcliffe, Richard, the English Torquemada, 169
Torture—
illegal, but practised, 35, 36
Hallam on use of, 35
use of, denied by Sir Thomas Smith, who practised it, 35
use of, defended by Lord Burghley, 35-6, 161-62, 162-63 and note
use of, defended by Sir R. Wiseman, 36 note
Jardine on, 36 note
last recorded case, 36 note
of Edmund Campion, 161-62
of Alexander Brian, 161-62
the Government’s defence of, 161-62
of Francis Throckmorton, 164 note
of Southwell, 169
used in ordinary cases, 169-70
Tower of London, place for exposing heads, 100
Townley, Francis, manner of execution, 33
“Trailbaston,” inquisition so called, 16
Travellers, murder of, 9
Treason, high—
defined by Statute, 30-1
punishment of, 31-4
form of sentence, 31
later form, 31
last execution for, 33-4
Treason, petty, 28, 104, 105, 129
Treasury of king at Westminster robbed, 11, 24-5
Turberville, Sir Thomas de—
drawn to gallows on an ox-hide, 28 note, 99
execution of, 31 note, 98, 99
Turner, Mrs., inventress of “yellow starch,” 181 note
Tyburn Gallows—
probable number of persons executed at, 3, 75-8
methods of execution, 3, 4
superstition, 48
slang expressions, 48
burials from, 49-53
site of, 54-70
gallows, when first set up, not before Conquest, 54
probably about 1108, 56-7
first known as “The Elms,” 57
no evidence of supposed changes of site of royal gallows, 58, 60-1
Earl of Oxford has gallows here, 59
gallows in constant use, 61
permanent, 61
movable, 61, 69-70
why so far from city, 61-3
and gibbets, 62
original form of gallows, 63
triangular, 63-4, 67-8, 71
proposals to remove, 69
removed, 69-70
last execution at, 70, 72
chronology of, 71-2
Dryden on, 74
annals of meagre, 75
mention of, sometimes omitted, 91 note
first recorded execution, 79
mistake as to Roger Mortimer, 103
said to be hung with garlands, 182
Chidley nails his protest near, 187
whipping from Newgate to, 202, 208, 209
pillory at, 202
said to be hung in mourning, 214
reason of removal to Newgate, 267, 268
martyrs of, 268
Oratory near, 268
Tyburn Gate, 70
Tyburn ticket, 220 and note
Villon, François, poet of the gibbet, 63
Wallace—
execution of, 31-2, 32 note, 99, 100
his head the first exposed on London Bridge, 100
Walpole, Horace—
robbed by Maclean, 244-45
his account of execution of Earl Ferrers, 251
Wapping—
execution of pirates at, 20 and note
Execution Dock, 63
Warbeck, Perkin, pretender, 120-21
Watling Street, 8, 17, 67
Waverley Abbey, reference to, 15 note
Weavers of Bethnal Green, 254-55
“Were” and “wite,” 55
Westbourne, gallows at, 16, 58
Westminster, Abbat of—
has 16 gallows in Middlesex, 13, 15-16, 58
houses wrecked, 84-5
Westminster Abbey, Dean’s Yard, formerly “The Elms,” 58
Wharton, Mary, stolen, 209-11
Whitney, James, a noted highwayman, 211-13
Wild, Jonathan—
director of a great system of robbery, 234-35
exploits celebrated by Fielding, 234
pelted on way to Tyburn, 235
William the Conqueror abolishes capital punishment, 56
substitutes other punishments, 56
William III.—
Shoplifting Act, 78
Assassination Plot, 215-17
imprisons Bernardi without trial, 217
the first king who suspends habeas corpus, 218-19
William, the sacrist of Westminster Abbey, 11, 24-5
Winchester—
roads near, unsafe, 9-10
Statute of, 10 note
Woman burnt for treason—
Mrs. Gaunt, in 1685, the last, except for coining, 207
narrow escape of Mrs. Merewether, 207
Wren, Sir Christopher, 225
Wyatt, Sir Thomas—
his rebellion, 151-52
beheaded, 152
“Yellow Starch,” 181 note
Yeomen, English—
a prosperous class, 138
helped to maintain poor, 139, 141
destroyed, 139, 140, 141
Yonge, Justice—
his methods, 166

Tyburn Tree: Its History and Annals

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INDEX