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War Medals and Their History

Chapter 47: INDEX
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About This Book

The work surveys the origin, evolution, and cultural significance of military medals, explaining how their institution created a tangible record of service and fostered remembrance. It examines categories and designs of decorations, the circumstances that led to their award, and the ways medals illuminate individual and collective acts of duty. Practical guidance for collectors covers identification, classification, and assembling representative collections, while historical vignettes and case studies illustrate medals' links to campaigns and personal stories. Numerous illustrations support the descriptive commentary, enabling readers to appreciate both the aesthetic and documentary value of these small but powerful artifacts.


INDEX

  • Abor, 1911-12, 261
  • Abu Klea, 1885, 213, 324
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 214
  • Abyssinia, 1867-8, 318
  • — Medal for, 191
  • — Ships' crews engaged in, 318
  • — war, 1864, 189
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 191
  • Acre, Sultan's medal for, 309
  • Afghan war, First, 1839, 94
  • — — Second, 1841, 100
  • — Medal for, 209
  • Afghanistan, 1878-80, 202
  • — Medal for, 209
  • Africa, Central, medal, 228
  • — — 1895, 333
  • — East and West, 1887-92, 227, 242
  • African General Service Medal, 254, 334
  • — West, medal, 229, 329
  • Agra, Siege of, 1803, 22
  • Ahmed Khel, 1880, 206
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 207
  • Albert Medal, The, 340
  • Albuera, 1811, 38
  • — Gold Cross for, 66
  • — Regiments engaged at, 41, 130
  • Alcantara medal, 66
  • Alexandria, 1882, 319
  • — Ships engaged at, 320
  • — "Black Watch" at, 1801, 15
  • Algiers, 1816, 306
  • — Ships engaged at, 307
  • Ali Musjid, 1878, 203
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 203
  • Aliwal, 1846, 115
  • — Regiments engaged at, 116
  • Allighur, 1804, 20
  • Alma, 1854, 140
  • Amoy, Bombardment, 1841, 99
  • Argaum, 1803, 23
  • Armada, Spanish, 1588, 1
  • — The, medals, 266
  • Army medal, instituted by Charles I, 2
  • Aro, 1901-2, 334
  • Ashantee, 1873-4, 192, 318
  • — Medal for, 193
  • — Regiments engaged in, 193
  • — Ships' crews engaged in, 318
  • Ashanti, 1896, Bronze Star for, 229
  • — 1900, Medal for, 244
  • Assaye (Assye) 1803, 21
  • — Regiments engaged at, 21
  • Asseerghur, 1803, 22
  • Atbara, 1898, 239
  • Atwot, 1910, 263
  • Austrian Cross, 1813-14, 358
  • Ava, 1824-6, 307
  • — Ships engaged at, 307
  • — Medal for, 91
  • Azoff, 1855, 313
  • Badajoz, Siege of, 1812, 44
  • — Regiments engaged at, 45, 130
  • Baird, Sir David, special medal, 16
  • Balaklava, 1854, 145
  • — Regiments engaged at, 148
  • Baltic medal, 314
  • Bareilly, Occupation of, 1858, 174
  • Barrosa, 1811, 35
  • — Regiments engaged at, 36, 130
  • Basuto war, 1878-9, 197, 201
  • Battle of the Nile, 1798, 284
  • — — — Ships engaged at, 286
  • Bechuanaland, 1896, 236
  • Belgian Star for Waterloo, 85
  • Benevente, 1808, 28
  • Benin River, 1894, 331
  • Bhootan, 1864-6, 188
  • — Regiments engaged at, 189
  • Bhurtpore (Bhurtpoor), 1826, 93
  • — Regiments engaged at, 93
  • "Birkenhead," Loss of, 135
  • Black Mountain Expedition, 220
  • — — — Regiments engaged in, 222
  • Blake, General, 5
  • Blake's medal, 271
  • "Blind Half Hundred," 27
  • Boat actions, Bars for, 305
  • Boer war, 248
  • — — Naval medals, 333
  • — — Regiments engaged in, 251
  • — — Ships' crews engaged in, 334
  • Boulton's Trafalgar medal, 291
  • Boy's medal for gallantry (Queen Anne), 276
  • Brass River, 1895, 331
  • British German Legion medal, 69
  • British India, Order of, 344
  • Brunswick medal for Waterloo, 69, 84
  • Burma, 1889-92, 224
  • — 1885-7, 329
  • — 1885-7, Regiments engaged in, 219
  • — Sailors entitled to bar for, 329
  • — Annexation of, 1886, 218
  • Burmese Chiefs' medal, 92
  • — war, First, 1824, 90
  • — — First, Regiments engaged in, 91
  • — — Second, 137
  • Busaco, 1810, 33
  • — Regiments engaged at, 34, 130
  • "Busaco's bloody ridge," 126
  • Cabul, 1842, 103
  • — Regiments engaged at, 104, 206
  • — 1879, 205
  • — Medal for, 1842, 107
  • Calcutta, Medal for Seringapatam, 14
  • Callis gold medal, 277
  • Campaign medal, First, 4
  • Camperdown, 1797, 288
  • — Ships engaged at, 284
  • Canada medal, 218
  • Canada, North-West Medal, 217
  • Candahar, 1842, 104
  • — Battle of, 1880, 208
  • — (Kandahar), March to, 1880, 207
  • — medal, 107
  • — 1880, Regiments engaged at, 207, 208
  • Canton, 1857, 178-311
  • Cape Colony, 249
  • Cape of Good Hope, G. S. M., 236
  • Carib war, 1773, 8
  • Cashmere Gate, Blowing in of, 1857, 161
  • Caucasus, The, 1859-64, 365
  • Cawnpore, 1857, 157
  • — No bar for, 169
  • Central India, 1858, 172
  • — — — Regiments engaged in, 175
  • Ceylon, 1818, Medal for, 89
  • — Capture of, 1795-6, Medal for, 11
  • Charasia, 1879, 204
  • — Regiments engaged at, 205
  • Charles I instituted Army medals, 2, 3
  • — — Naval medals, 267
  • — II, medals, 6, 271
  • Chateauguay, 1813, 55
  • — Regiments engaged at, 56, 131
  • Chilian medal, First, 360
  • — — Second, 369
  • Chilianwala, 1849, 121
  • Chili-Peruvian war, 1879-81, 368
  • China, 1840-2, 310
  • — 1900, Regiments engaged at, 247
  • — medal, First, 1842, 100
  • — — Second, 1857, 60
  • — — Third, 247
  • — — 1900, 245
  • Chinese war, First, 1840, 98
  • — — Second, 1857, 178
  • — — — Regiments engaged at, 181
  • — — Ships engaged, 311
  • Chin-Lushai, 1889-90, 222
  • — Regiments engaged at, 222
  • Chitral, Relief of, 1895, 230
  • — Defence of, 232
  • Chrystler's Farm, 1814, 60
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 132
  • Ciudad Rodrigo, 1812, 42
  • Commassie, 1874, 193
  • Commonwealth Naval medals, 268
  • "Condor," The plucky, 319
  • Conspicuous Gallantry Medal, 338
  • — Service Cross, 343
  • Continental Peninsular medals, 66
  • — War medals, 357
  • Coorg, 1837, Medal for, 94
  • Copenhagen, 1801, 287
  • Corunna, Retreat to, 1808, 29
  • — Battle of, 1809, 30
  • — Regiments engaged at, 30, 129
  • Corygaum, 1818, 89
  • Courage, Serbian medal for, 372
  • Crescent, Order of, 17
  • Crimean war, 1854, 139, 312
  • — medals for, 150
  • — — Crosses for, 69
  • — — Regiments at, 44, 130
  • Culloden medals, 1746, 6
  • Davison's medal for the Nile, 286
  • — Trafalgar medal, 291
  • Deccan medal, 1778-84, 9
  • Deig, 1804, 24
  • Delhi, 1803, 20
  • — Defence of, 1804, 23
  • — 1857, 158
  • Detroit Fort, 1812, 48
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 48, 131
  • Dewey (Admiral) Medal, 370
  • "Die-hards," name earned, 126
  • Distinction in Service, German medal for, 361
  • Distinguished Conduct Medals, 3, 337
  • Distinguished Service Medal, 346
  • — Service Order, 341
  • — — Cross, 345
  • Dongola expedition, 1896, 236
  • — Regiments engaged at, 237
  • Dooranée, Order of, 96
  • Drake's medal, 267
  • Dunbar, 1650, 4
  • — medal, 5
  • Dutch wars, 1653, 269
  • East Africa, 1902, medal, 257
  • — — 1904, medal, 257
  • — — 1905-6, medals for, 258
  • — India Co., 9
  • Edge Hill, 1642, 3
  • Edward VII Naval Long Service, 350
  • Edwardes's medal, 119
  • Egypt, 1801, 14
  • — — Regiments engaged in, 18
  • — H.E.I. Co.'s medal for, 16
  • Egyptian campaign, 1882, 210
  • — medal, 1882, 211
  • — — for Bravery, 1913, 345
  • — wars, 319
  • "El Chico Blanco," 58
  • — — — Where fell, 120
  • Elizabethan Naval medals, 2
  • El-Teb, 1884, 321
  • — Regiments engaged at, 212
  • — Sailors engaged at, 321
  • Exmouth gold medal, 307
  • Fatshan, 1857, 178
  • Ferozeshuhur, 1845, 113
  • — Regiments engaged at, 114
  • "Fighting Fortieth, The," 105
  • "Fighting 43rd," 184
  • First Official War Medal, 82
  • Fishermen, War medals for, 274
  • Foreign war medals, 357
  • French medal for Napoleon's veterans, 152
  • — — 1870-1, 367
  • — veteran's medal, 373
  • Fuentes d'Onor, 1811, 37
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 38, 130
  • Galekas and Gaikas, Campaign against, 1877, 196
  • Gambia, 1894, 330
  • — 1901, 334
  • Garibaldian medal, 1860, 364
  • "Gate Pah," 1864, 184
  • Gawilghur, 1803, 23
  • Gemaizah, 1888, 216, 328
  • — Regiments engaged at, 216
  • — Sailors entitled to bar for, 328
  • Geneva Cross, 1870-1, 366
  • George I and George II medals, 276 and 277
  • George V Naval Long Service, 350
  • German medal, 1870-1, 367
  • — South-West Africa, 1904-6, 370
  • Ghuznee, 1839, 95
  • — medal, 1839, 97, 107
  • — Recapture of, 1842, 106
  • — Regiments engaged at, 95
  • Gibraltar, Capture of, 1704, 275
  • Gildermaslen, 1795, 19
  • "Glorious 1st" of June, The, 279
  • Gold Cross for Peninsular commanders, 67
  • — medals, Peninsular, 32
  • Goojerat, 1849, 122
  • — Regiments engaged at, 123
  • Gordon, Relief of, 213
  • Gordons at Maya, 52
  • Governor-General's medal, 97
  • Granville, 1703, 275
  • Griqua Campaign, 1878, 197
  • Guadaloupe, Regiments engaged at, 129
  • — — — — (Martinique), 31
  • Gwalior Campaign, 1843, 109
  • Hanoverian Jubilee medal for Waterloo, 85
  • Hanover medal, 84
  • Hau-Haus, The, 1866, 185
  • Hazara, 1888, 222
  • — 1891, 223
  • — Regiments engaged at, 223
  • "Hazard," H.M.S., 124
  • Heavy Brigade, Charge of, 146
  • H.E.I. Co.'s Meritorious Service medal, 336
  • Hessian medal, 1814-15, 358
  • Highlanders at Alexandria, 1801, 15
  • Highland Society's medal, 19
  • Hodson's daring feat, 161
  • Hornby medal and chain, 278
  • Hougomont, Guards at, 76
  • How medals are named, 352
  • Hungary, Russian medal for, 1849, 363
  • Hunza, 1891, 225
  • Hyderabad, 1843, 108
  • — medal, 109
  • Immortals, The, 40
  • India, Long Service, 1859, 350
  • — medal, The, 133
  • — — 1895, 232
  • — Distinguished Service Medal, 342
  • — General Service Medal, First, 138
  • — General Service Medal, 1903, 258
  • — — — — 1908, 260
  • — Meritorious Service Medal, 345
  • Indian Mutiny, The, 1857, 156
  • — — 1858, 316
  • — — — Medal for, 175
  • — Order of Merit, 343
  • Inkermann, 1854, 149
  • — Regiments engaged at, 150
  • Iron Cross for San Sebastian, 1836, 362
  • Isandhlwana, 1879, 199
  • Isles of France, 1811, 34
  • James I, 2
  • Java, 1811, 41
  • — H.E.I. Co.'s medal for, 42
  • — Regiments engaged at, 42, 130
  • Jellalabad, 1841, 101
  • — medal, First, 102
  • — — Second (Flying Victory), 102
  • — Regiments engaged at, 102
  • Jowaki, 1877, 195
  • — Regiments engaged at, 196
  • Jubaland, 1900, 334
  • Juba River, 1893, 330
  • Kabul-Kandahar Star, 209
  • Kaffir war, First, 134
  • — — — Regiments engaged in, 135
  • — wars, Third, Regiments engaged in, 136
  • Kars medal, 154
  • Kelat-i-Ghilzie, 1842, Medal for, 105
  • Khartoum, 241
  • Khedive's Sudan medal, 239
  • — Star, 211, 217
  • Kimberley Star, 251
  • King Edward Long Service Medal, 349
  • King George's Long Service Medal, 349
  • King's South African medal, 251
  • Kirbekan, 1885, 214
  • — Regiments engaged at, 215
  • König Grätz, Cross for, 1866, 366
  • Kordofan, South, 1910, 263
  • Kotah, 1858, 173
  • La Hogue, 1692, 273
  • Lake, General, 22
  • Lampriere gold medal, 275
  • Laswarree, 1803, 22
  • Latham gold medal, 38
  • Legation, Defence of, 1900, 245
  • Légion d'Honneur, 359
  • Light Brigade, Charge of, 147
  • Liwondi, 1893, 330
  • Looshai, 1871-2, 189
  • — Regiments engaged at, 189
  • Louisbourg, 1758, 278
  • — Capture of, 1758, 7
  • Lucknow, Defence of, 1857, 163
  • — Defence of, regiments engaged in, 167
  • — Relief of, 1857, 165
  • — Retaking of, 1858, 170
  • Lushai, 1889-92, 224
  • Mackworth, Colonel, 5
  • Maharajpoor Star, 111
  • — 1843, 110
  • — Regiments engaged at, 110
  • Maheidpore, 1817, 88
  • Mahratta war, 20
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 23
  • Maida, 1806, 25
  • — Regiments engaged in, 129
  • Malakand, 1895, Regiments engaged at, 234
  • Malakoff, Capture of, 1855, 144
  • Mamelon, 1855, 143
  • Martinique, 1809, 30
  • — — Regiments at, 31, 129
  • Matabeleland, 1893, 235, 237
  • — Regiments engaged in, 238
  • Maya, Gordons at, 52
  • Médaille Militaire, 363
  • Mediterranean medal, 251
  • Medjidie, Order of, 154
  • Meeanee, 1843, 107
  • — medal for, 109
  • Merit, Indian Order of, 343
  • Meritorious Service Medals, 336
  • Military Cross, The, 347
  • — General Service Medal, 128
  • — — — — Regiments receiving same for Egypt, 1801, 128
  • — Long Service Medals, 348
  • — medals established, 3
  • Monk, General, 5
  • Moodkee, 1845, 112
  • — Regiments engaged at, 113
  • Mooltan, Regiments engaged at, 121, 122
  • — Siege of, 1849, 120
  • Moore, Sir John, Death of, 29
  • Mutiny Medal, 175
  • Mwele, 1895-6, 332
  • Mysore Campaign, 1791-3, 9
  • Naga, 1879-80, 220
  • Naseby, 1645, 5
  • Nassau medal for Waterloo, 83
  • Natal Native Rebellion, 1908, 259
  • Naval Brigade in Crimea, 315
  • — Distinguished Service Medal, 346
  • — General Service Medal, 292
  • — — — — instituted, 127
  • Naval gold medal instituted, 280
  • — Long Service Medals, 349
  • — medals, Elizabethan, 2
  • — — First instituted, 1
  • — — Types of, 270
  • — officers, Gold medals for, 270
  • — war medals, 266
  • Navarino, 1827, 308
  • — Ships engaged at, 309
  • Nelson, Death of, 290
  • Nepaul, 1814, 86
  • — H.E.I. Co.'s medal for, 87
  • New Zealand, 1845-6-7, 317
  • — — 1860-6, 317
  • — — Cross, The, 342
  • — — Medal, 186
  • — — War, First, 1845, 124
  • — — — — Regiments engaged in, 125
  • — Ships' crews engaged, 317
  • — — — 1860-6, 182
  • Nigeria, 1902-6, 256
  • Nile, The, 1798, 284
  • — — 1884-5, 324
  • Nive, 1814, 60
  • — Regiments engaged at, 62, 132
  • Nivelle, 1814, 57
  • — Regiments engaged at, 59, 132
  • North-East Frontier, 1891, 225
  • "North Star," H.M.S., 124
  • North-West Frontier, 1849-68, 187
  • — — Expeditions, Regiments engaged in, 187
  • North-West Canada, 217
  • Nukumaru, 1865, 185
  • Nyassa Lake, 1893, 330
  • Officers' gold crosses for Peninsular, 68
  • — silver crosses for Peninsular, 69
  • "Old Toughs," 121
  • Omdurman, 1898, 240
  • — Regiments engaged at, 240
  • Orthes, 1814, 62
  • — Regiments engaged at, 63, 132
  • Papal States Campaign, 1860, 365
  • "Pearl of the Age," 96
  • Pegu, 1852, 137, 311
  • — Regiments entitled to medal, 138
  • — Seamen and Marines engaged, 311
  • Peiwar Kotal, 1878, 203
  • Pekin, 1860, 179
  • Peninsular gold cross, 56
  • — gold medals, 32
  • — war, 1808, 26
  • — — medal, 125
  • Perak, 194
  • — 1876, 318
  • — Regiments engaged in, 195
  • — Ships' crews engaged, 318
  • Persia, 1857, 317
  • Persian war, 1856-7, 155
  • Picton, Death of, 77
  • Pistrucci's Waterloo medal, 374
  • Polish insurrection, The, 1863-4, 366
  • Prussian Iron Cross, 1813, 360
  • — medals, 1813-15, 358
  • — oval iron medal, 1815, 357
  • Punjab, 1848-9, 311
  • — Campaign, Second, 119
  • — medal, 123
  • Punniar, 1843, 110
  • — Regiments engaged at, 110
  • — Star, 111
  • Pyrenees, 1813, 51
  • — Regiments engaged at, 131
  • Quatre Bras, 1815, 71
  • — — Losses at, 75
  • Queen Anne, 274
  • Queen's South African medal, 249
  • — Sudan medal, 242
  • Rangiawahia, 1864, 184
  • Rare medals, 89
  • Redan, The, 144
  • Red Heckle, The, 18
  • Regimental designations, 377
  • Reissues of earlier medals, 177
  • Republican Légion d'Honneur, 360
  • Rhodesia, 1893, 237
  • Riel's rebellion, 1885, 217
  • Rodrigues, 1811, 34
  • Roleria, 1808, Regiments at, 27
  • Rorke's Drift, 1879, 199
  • Royal Niger Co.'s medal, 244
  • Russian medal for Hungary, 1849, 363
  • Sahagun, 1808, 28
  • — Regiments engaged at, 129
  • Salamanca, 1812, 45
  • — Regiments at, 48, 131
  • Sale prices, 382
  • Samana, 1891, 223
  • — Regiments engaged at, 223, 234
  • Sanatory Cross, The Serbian, 372
  • San Sebastian, 1836, 361
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 131
  • Sardinian medal, 153
  • Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg medal, 84
  • Scinde, 1843, 310
  • — Sailors engaged, 311
  • Seamen's medals, 271
  • Sebastian, Siege of, 51
  • Sebastopol, Siege of 1854, 142
  • — Ships engaged in, 313
  • Second general award of medals, 82
  • Secundrabagh, 168
  • Sedgemoor, 1685, 1
  • Serbo-Bulgarian war, 1913, 372
  • Serbo-Turkish war, 1912, 371
  • Seringapatam, 1799, 11
  • — Regiments engaged at, 12
  • — — Medals for, 12-14
  • "Sepoy General" (Wellington), 33
  • Sierra Leone, 1898-9, 332
  • Sikh wars, 1845-9, 111
  • Sikkim, 1888, 220
  • Silistria medal, 153
  • Silver Cross for San Sebastian, 1846, 363
  • Sobraon, 1846, 116
  • — Regiments engaged at, 117
  • Soho medal for Seringapatam, 13
  • Somaliland, 1902-4, 334
  • — Ships' crews engaged, 335
  • — 1908-10, 335
  • South Africa, 1853, 312
  • — Crews engaged, 312
  • — — 1877-8-9, Ships' crews engaged in, 318
  • Spanish-American war, 370
  • — — Medal for, 370
  • — Armada, 1588, 1
  • Special gold medals for Naval Service, 274
  • Standing army founded, 6
  • St. Helena medal, 85
  • St. Sebastian, 1813, 53
  • — — Regiments engaged at, 55
  • St. Vincent medal, 1795, 8
  • Suakin, 1884, 323
  • — Crews engaged at, 324
  • — 1885, 326
  • Sudan, 1899, 241
  • — 1910, 262
  • — 1912, 261, 263
  • — medal, 1910, 264
  • — Recovery of, 215
  • — war, Second, bars for, 327
  • Sutlej medal, 118
  • Syria, 1839, 309
  • — Ships engaged, 310
  • Taku Forts, 1860, 178-311
  • Talavera, 1809, 31
  • — Regiments at, 31
  • Tamaai, 1884, 212, 322
  • — Regiments engaged at, 213
  • Tel-el-Kebir, 1882, 320
  • — Regiments engaged at, 211
  • Thin Red Line, The, 145
  • Tibet, 1903-4, 259
  • Tirah, Regiments engaged at, 234
  • Tofrek, 1885, 326
  • — Regiments engaged at, 215
  • — Sailors engaged at, 326
  • Tokar, 1890, 217, 328
  • Tonkin, 1883-5, 369
  • Toski, 1888, 216
  • Toski, Regiments engaged at, 217
  • Toulouse, 1814, 64
  • — Regiments engaged at, 65, 132
  • Trafalgar, 1805, 288
  • — Ships engaged at, 290
  • — Gold medal for, 291
  • — Official medal, 292
  • Transport medal, 335
  • Triumph medal, The, 271
  • Turkestan, 1857-9, 364
  • Turkish General Service Medal, 153
  • — medals, 152
  • Ulundi, 1879, 201
  • Umbeyla, 1863, 187
  • Union Brigade, Charge of, 1815, 78
  • Victoria Cross, The, 139, 338
  • Victoria Crosses for New Zealand, 1863, 183
  • — — gained at Alma, 142
  • — — won by 42nd, 174
  • — — — in Zulu war, 200
  • Victorian Naval Long Service, 349
  • Vimiera, 1808, 27
  • — Regiments engaged at, 129
  • Vittoria, 1813, 49
  • — Gold cross for, 67
  • — Regiments engaged at, 50, 131
  • Waterloo, 1815, 75
  • — Eve of, 1815, 70
  • — medal, British, 81
  • — medals, Continental, 83
  • — Regiments engaged at, 80
  • Wellesley, The Hon. Arthur, 21
  • Wellington's first victory, 21
  • West Africa, 1906-8 medals, 258
  • William and Mary, Naval medals only, 6
  • William IV Naval Long Service, 349
  • Witu, 1890, 329
  • — 1893, 330
  • Wyard medal, 269
  • Zeal, Russian medal for, 363
  • Zulu medal, 1877-8-9, 202
  • — war, 1879, 198, 318
  • — — Regiments engaged in, 198, 202
  • — Ships' crews engaged, 318