III

RULES OF SAVING AND SAFETY

1. Let no family (of five persons) buy meat until it has bought three quarts of milk, the cheapest protein food. Farmers should be urged to meet this demand.

2. Save the cream and butter and eat oleomargarine and vegetable oils. Olive oil or cottonseed oil, taken with cabbage, lettuce, or beet-tops, is excellent food, in many ways imitating milk.

3. Eat meat sparingly, rich and poor, laborer and indolent alike. Meat does not increase the muscular power. When a person is exposed to great cold, meat may be recommended, for it warms the body more than any other food. In hot weather, for the same reason, it causes increased sweating and discomfort. In general, twice as much meat is used as is now right, for to produce meat requires much fodder which might better be used for milk production.

4. Eat corn bread. It saved our New England ancestors from starvation. If we eat it we can send wheat to France. Eat oatmeal.

5. Drink no alcohol. In many families 10 per cent. of the income is spent for drink, or a sum which, if spent for real food, would greatly improve the welfare of the family.

6. Eat corn syrup on cereals. It will save the sugar. Eat raisins in rice pudding, for raisins contain sugar.

7. Eat fresh fish.

8. Eat fruit and vegetables.

Since the total energy for the maintenance of our bodies can be measured in calories, and since this energy serves for the maintenance of the nations of the world, is it not surprising how little even educated people know about the subject?

INDEX

• Alcoholic beverages, 41
• Appetite, 23, 35, 41

• Balanced ration, biological analysis of, 9
• Basal metabolism, definition of, 24
  • of boys, 26, 29
  • of men, 26
    • table, 28
  • of women, 27
• Butter, 8

• Cabbage, 7
• Calorie, definition, 24
• Calories, cost of, 35
• Calorimeter, 24
• Cane sugar, 41
• Carbohydrates and muscular work, 40
• Chittenden, 16
• Corn and pellagra, 10
  • in Italy, 7
  • quantity available, 11
  • reasons for using, 10
  • syrup, 41
• Cream, use of, 11

• Diet, a balanced, 7
  • a proper, 23
  • Italian, 7
  • of purified food-stuffs, 9
• DuBois, measurement of surface area, 26

• Economy in diet, 8
• Emaciation, metabolism in, 39
• Energy of sun, relation of life to, 23

• Fasting, metabolism in, 25
• Foods, cost of, 35

• Graham bread, 16
• Graham, Sylvester, 16
• Green leaves in diet, 8

• Heat production in man, 24
• Hindhede's dietary, 14

• Life, nature of, 25

• Meat and muscle work, 18
  • desirability of, 15
  • economic production of, 19, 20
  • in hot weather, 18, 43
  • restricted diet of, in America, 18, 20
    • in England, 19
    • in Germany, 18
  • specific dynamic action of, 17
• Meatless dietary, 14
• Men, metabolism of, 27
• Metabolism, definition of, 26
  • in emaciation, 39
  • in fasting, 25
• Milk, cost of, 13
  • economic production of, 19, 20
  • food value, 8, 13, 14
  • in pellagra, 10
• Mineral salts, 8, 23, 25
• Muscle work, 25, 30
  • and carbohydrates, 40
  • and diet, 17
  • and fasting, 17
  • and protein, 18
  • and undernutrition, 38, 39

• Occupation and metabolism, carrying a load, 31
  • climbing, 32
  • industrial, 33
  • posture, 30
  • running, 30-32
  • walking, 30
• Oleomargarine, 12
• Olive oil, 8
• Overfat people, 38
• Oxidation of food-stuffs, 24

• Peanut butter, 12
• Pellagra, 9
• Pork, economic production of, 19, 20, 21
• Potato diet, 15

• Rules of saving and safety, 43

• Substitution of foods, 43
  • historical, 11
• Summary, 43
• Surface area and heat production, 26

• Undernutrition, 38
  • and labor, 38

• Vegetable oils, use of, 12
• Vegetarianism, 16
• Vitamins, 8, 23

• Weight, reduction of, 39
• Women, metabolism of, 27