66. MAGNOLIA WARBLER. 5 in.

(Dendroica maculosa. 657.)

Back and tail, black; crown blue-gray; yellow rump; yellow below, streaked with black on breast and sides; white patch on wings; broad white band across tail, seen from below. Myrtle Warbler. Cape May Warbler.

67. AMERICAN GOLDFINCH. 5-1/4 in.

(Astragalinus tristis. 529.)

Canary-yellow, with black crown, tail and wings; white wing-bars; female olive-tinged, without pure black or yellow; in flocks; canary-like song; also sings in its undulating flight, “per-chic-o-ree, per-chic-o-ree.” Yellow Warbler.

68. YELLOW WARBLER. 5 in.

(Dendroica æstiva. 652.)

Yellow all over shading to olive on back; orange-brown streaks on breast; female not so yellow and less streaked; song, penetrating and unceasing; nests in Lincoln Park. American Goldfinch.

69. KINGBIRD. 8-1/2 in.

(Tyrannus tyrannus. 644.)

Dusky black; below white; tail tipped with broad band of white; fire-red patch on crown, usually concealed; spreads its tail like a fan when about to alight.

70. BALTIMORE ORIOLE. 7-1/2 in.

(Icterus galbula. 507.)

Bright orange, with black head, throat, back and wings; two white wing-bars; female smaller, brownish-yellow and showing little black; loud call, “co-weet´, co-weet´, co-weet´;” song noteworthy. Orchard Oriole. Scarlet Tanager.

71. SUMMER TANAGER. 7-1/2 in.

(Piranga rubra. 610.)

Vermillion all over; no black; female yellowish-olive and usually near the male; very rare. Cardinal.

72. YELLOW-BELLIED FLYCATCHER. 5-1/2 in.

(Empidonax flaviventris. 463.)

Bright olive-green, with dark-brown tail and wings; yellowish wing-bars; sulphur-yellow below, brightest between legs and tinged elsewhere with pale olive; yellow eye-ring; call, a soft, slow whistle, “pe´-a.” Yellow-throated Vireo. Least Flycatcher. Pine Warbler.

73. BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER. 5-1/4 in.

(Dendroica blackburniæ. 662.)

Black streaked with white; middle of crown, throat and sides of head, flaming orange; black patch behind eye; white wing-bars; female duller; usually high up among the leaves. Prothonotary Warbler.

74. OVENBIRD. 6-1/4 in.

(Seiurus aurocapillus. 674.)

Olive-green showing yellow tinge; below pure white, thickly spotted; orange-brown cap bordered with black stripes; scratches like a hen; tilts tail up and down; under shrubbery; note, “teacher” repeated rapidly with increasing emphasis. Water-Thrushes.

75. RED-EYED VIREO. 6 in.

(Vireo olivaceus. 624.)

Olive-green; crown, slaty; white below, lightly tinged on sides; dark line above a white one over eye; clear, persistent song; nests in Lincoln Park. Warbling Vireo.

76. AMERICAN REDSTART. 5-1/4 in.

(Setophaga ruticilla. 687.)

Male black, with six flame-colored spots; female olive, with six yellow spots; spreads its tail like a fan; song, “chee, chee, chee, chew.”

77. CAPE MAY WARBLER. 5-1/4 in.

(Dendroica tigrina. 650.)

Yellowish-olive spotted with black on back; crown very dark; cheeks yellow with an orange-brown ear patch; yellow below, black streaks on breast; wing-bars; song all on one note. Black-throated Green Warbler. Magnolia Warbler.

78. SCARLET TANAGER. 7-1/4 in.

(Piranga erythromelas. 608.)

Scarlet, with black wings and tail; female olive-green, usually near by; rather sluggish; note, “chip, chree;” song noteworthy. Cardinal. Summer Tanager.

79. YELLOW-THROATED VIREO. 5-1/2 in.

(Vireo flavifrons. 628.)

Bright olive-green, shading to ashy-blue on rump; yellow throat and breast, sharply defined against white belly; line around eye and to the bill, yellow; two white wing-bars; fine song. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher. Blue-headed Vireo.

80. ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK. 8-1/4 in.

(Zamelodia ludoviciana. 595.)

Black, including throat, with white rump and wing-patches; breast white with a brilliant rose-red blotch; lining of wings also rose-red; large beak; female yellowish-brown, darkly mottled, no red; sluggish; remarkable song.

81. PURPLE MARTIN. 7-1/2 in.

(Progne subis. 611.)

Blue-black all over; female lighter and streaked with grayish-white below; often nests in bird houses; twittering song. Tree Swallow. Chimney Swift.

82. YELLOW-BREASTED CHAT. 7-1/4 in.

(Icteria virens. 683.)

Olive-green; bright yellow below, belly white; region about eye black, marked with a white line above eye; white spot and shorter line below eye; the largest warbler; remarkable song. Dickcissel. Western Yellow-Throat. Yellow-Throated Vireo.

83. BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER. 5-1/4 in.

(Dendroica cærulescens. 654.)

Slaty-blue; below white, with black throat and sides; conspicuous white patch on wing; female grayish, no black, but may be recognized by wing patch; hoarse note, “kree, kree.” Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.

84. NASHVILLE WARBLER. 4-3/4 in.

(Helminthophila rubricapilla. 645.)

Olive-green; head and neck bluish gray; indistinct brown patch on crown; bright yellow below; no wing bars; white eye ring; song, not loud, “wee´-see, wee´-see, wit´-a-wit´-a-wit´.” Tennessee Warbler.

85. WARBLING VIREO. 5-1/4 in.

(Vireo gilvus. 627.)

Mouse gray, with olive rump; white below, tinged with greenish yellow; creamy-white around the eye; song, rippling warble. Red-eyed Vireo. Least Flycatcher.

86. BLUE-HEADED VIREO. 5-1/2 in.

(Vireo solitarius. 629.)

Olive-green; ashy-blue head; pure white below, sides yellowish; line around the eye and to the bill, white; two white wing-bars; song, noteworthy. Yellow-throated Vireo.

87. ORCHARD ORIOLE. 7 in.

(Icterus spurius. 506.)

Male, rich chestnut-brown with black head, wings and tail, narrow white wing-bar; female olivaceous above and greenish-yellow below with two white wing-bars; young male like female but with black throat; high trees; loud, clear song. Baltimore Oriole.

88. LONG-BILLED MARSH WREN. 5-1/4 in.

(Telmatodytes palustris. 725.)

Brown, almost black on head, tail and between shoulders, the latter streaked with white; barred only on wings and tail; line over eye and middle of breast white; long bill; spluttering song. Other Wrens.

89. BAY-BREASTED WARBLER. 5-1/2 in.

(Dendroica castanea. 660.)

Ashy-brown, black-streaked; black cheeks and forehead; throat, upper part of breast, sides and crown, rich chestnut brown; white wing-bars. Chestnut-sided Warbler.

90. PARULA WARBLER. 4-1/2 in.

(Compsothlypis americana. 648.)

Grayish-blue, yellowish across the back; throat and breast yellow, latter crossed by brownish band; wing-bars; peculiar song. Blue Golden-winged Warbler.

91. WOOD PEWEE. 6-1/4 in.

(Contopus virens. 461.)

Dark olive-brown; brownish black on wings and tail; frowsy head; below white, showing olive tinge on sides; two narrow white wing-bars; plaintive note repeated slowly and often, “pee´to-way´, pee´-to-way´, hee´-rue.” Phoebe. Least Flycatcher.

92. BOBOLINK. 7-1/2 in.

(Dolichonyx orizivorus. 494.)

Male black with light back, creamy buff on neck; female, sparrow colored, streaked above; long merry musical song; open fields; in Lincoln Park usually seen in flocks flying overhead, singing on the wing.

93. BLUE GOLDEN-WINGED WARBLER. 5 in.

(Helminthophila chrysoptera. 642.)

Blue-gray; crown and patch on wing, golden yellow; throat, and stripe through eye, black; white below; song, drawling “zee, zee, zee, zee.” Parula Warbler.

94. INDIGO BUNTING. 5-3/4. in.

(Cyanospiza cyanea. 598.)

Indigo blue; wings and tail blackish; female brown; in flocks; often feeds in the grass; noteworthy song. Bluebird.

95. PROTHONOTARY WARBLER. 5-1/4 in.

(Prothonotaria citrea. 637.)

Entire head, neck and breast, bright orange yellow; blue-gray wings, rump and tail; female duller; prefers shrubbery near water. Blackburnian Warbler. Yellow Warbler.

96. TENNESSEE WARBLER. 4-1/2 in.

(Helminthophila peregrina. 647.)

Olive-green, brightest on rump; head and neck, blue gray; dull white below; faint white line over eye; no wing-bars; song, shrill and feeble. Nashville Warbler.

97. MOURNING WARBLER. 5-1/2 in.

(Geothlypis philadelphia. 679.)

Bright olive-green; head, neck, throat and upper part of breast, bluish ash; yellow belly; black band on breast; about bushes and in the grass; noteworthy song. Connecticut Warbler.

98. CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER. 5 in.

(Dendroica pennsylvanica. 659.)

Back shows black streaks mixed with olive-green; yellow cap; white below with dainty chestnut markings on sides of breast; song, “chee, chee, chee, chee´ar.” Bay-breasted Warbler.

99. WHIP-POOR-WILL. 9-3/4 in.

(Antrostomus vociferus. 417.)

Mottled, strongly resembling the bark of certain trees; narrow white band across upper part of breast; big head; in daytime lies motionless, lengthwise a branch. Nighthawk.

100. CERULEAN WARBLER. 4-1/2 in.

(Dendroica cærulea. 658.)

Azure-blue, marked with black on back and sides of head; white below, streaked with blue; two white wing-bars; frequents tree-tops; song resembles that of Parula. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.

101. HOODED WARBLER. 5-1/2 in.

(Wilsonia mitrata. 684.)

Olive-green; yellow below; head, neck and upper breast, black; yellow “mask” across forehead and cheeks; white spots on tail; female less black. Western Yellow-throat. Wilson Black-cap Warbler. Canadian Warbler.

102. BLACK-POLL WARBLER. 5-1/2 in.

(Dendroica striata. 661.)

Streaked black and white; black crown; white cheeks; below white with line of black spots down sides; tree-tops; song, a staccato musical “chink” repeated rapidly. Black and White Creeper.

103. YELLOW-BILLED CUCKOO. 12-1/4 in.

(Coccyzus americanus. 387.)

Bronzy olive-gray; white below; lower half of curved bill yellow tipped with black; outer tail-feathers black tipped broadly with white; wings show a reddish-brown tinge in flight; glides stealthily from tree to tree and keeps concealed among the leaves; slowly droops and raises its tail when perching; song, loud “kuk-kuk, kuk-kuk.” Black-billed Cuckoo. Mourning Dove.

104. CANADIAN WARBLER. 5-1/2 in.

(Wilsonia canadensis. 686.)

Bluish-lead color; yellow below with a necklace of black spots; no wing-bars; noteworthy song. Magnolia Warbler.

105. WILSON BLACK-CAP WARBLER. 4-3/4 in.

(Wilsonia pusilla. 685.)

Bright olive-green; yellow below; black cap; in low bushes. Pine Warbler. Female Western Yellow-throat.

106. LINCOLN SPARROW. 5-3/4 in.

(Melospiza lincolni. 583.)

Finely streaked with black and brown; white beneath, with broad buff band across the breast and down the sides; narrow streaks on throat, upper breast and sides; dark stripe on each side of throat from corner of mouth; very shy. Song and Swamp Sparrows.

107. RUBY-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. 3-1/4 in.

(Trochilus colubris. 428.)

Iridescent green and purple; male has ruby-red throat; frequents flowering shrubs and plants; darts here and there and poises in mid air with wings vibrating so rapidly that they make a humming noise; “squeaky note.”

108. NIGHTHAWK. 9-1/2 in.

(Chordeiles virginianus. 420.)

On the wing overhead after insects just before or at dusk; long, pointed wings showing a white patch; flight resembles that of Chimney Swift; sharp note, “skeep;” often nests on the flat roofs of city buildings. Whip-poor-will.

109. BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO. 12 in.

(Coccyzus erythropthalmus. 388.)

Bronzy olive-gray; white below; bill entirely black; only a little white on tail; movements like those of Yellow-billed Cuckoo; song, soft “coo-coo, coo-coo.” Yellow-billed Cuckoo. Mourning Dove.

110. GRAY-CHEEKED THRUSH. 7-1/2 in.

(Hylocichla aliciae. 757.)

Uniform olive; below white, very palely suffused with buff; cheeks gray tinged; breast and sides of throat, spotted; usually silent in Lincoln Park. Olive-backed and other Thrushes.

111. YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD. 10-1/4 in.

(Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus. 497.)

Black; head, throat and breast, yellow; white wing patch; female dark brown, yellow markings duller, no wing patch; female smaller than male.

112. DICKCISSEL. 6 in.

(Spiza americana. 604.)

Streaked; ashy on head and neck; white chin; black throat patch; yellow breast; white belly; line over eye, yellow; wings show chestnut brown; female has less yellow and no throat patch. Yellow-breasted Chat. Meadowlark.

113. CONNECTICUT WARBLER. 5-1/2 in.

(Geothlypis agilis. 678.)

Olive-green; head ashy with throat darker; white ring around eye; belly yellow; wings long and pointed; low bushes and swampy places; penetrating call-note. Mourning Warbler.

114. RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER. 9-1/2 in.

(Centurus carolinus. 409.)

Black and white, back, wings and tail barred transversely and very evenly; below grayish-white, tinged with red; top of head and back of neck crimson; female, crown gray; rare. Red-headed Woodpecker. Hairy Woodpecker.

Table of Occurrence.

In this table the birds are arranged according to the order of their comparative frequency or rarity, based upon personal observations in Lincoln Park. The abundance of the birds—that is, the number of individual birds of different species—is in no wise shown, but simply the relative representation of each species. For instance, out of a total of 454 mornings, covering observations during six years, the Robin was seen on 383 different mornings.

The record for 1902, during the absence of the authors, is that of Mr. H. V. Bozell.