An authoritative account of American Literature
to the close of the Revolution is given in M. C. Tyler's History
of American Literature during the Colonial Time, 2 volumes (1878) and
Literary History of the American Revolution, 2 volumes (1897). For
a general survey see Barrett Wendell, A Literary History of America
(1900), W. P. Trent, American Literature (1903), G. E.
Woodberry, America in Literature (1903), W. C. Bronson, A
Short History of American Literature (1903), with an excellent
bibliography, W. B. Cairns, History of American Literature
(1912), W. P. Trent and J. Erskine, Great American Writers
(1912), and W. Riley, American Thought (1915). The most recent and
authoritative account is to be found in The Cambridge History of
American Literature, 3 volumes edited by Trent, Erskine, Sherman, and
Van Doren.
The best collection of American prose and verse is E. C. Stedman and
E. M. Hutchinson's Library of American Literature, 11 volumes
(1888-1890). For verse alone, see E. C. Stedman, An American
Anthology (1900), and W. C. Bronson, American Poems, 1625-1892
(1912). For criticism of leading authors, note W. C. Brownell, American
Prose Masters (1909), and Stedman, Poets of America (1885).
Chapters
1-3. Note W. Bradford, Journal (1898), J. Winthrop, Journal
(1825, 1826), also Life and Letters by R. C. Winthrop, 2
volumes (1863), G. L. Walker, Thomas Hooker (1891), O. S.
Straus, Roger Williams (1894), Cotton Mather, Diary, 2
volumes (1911, 1912), also his Life by Barrett Wendell (1891),
Samuel Sewall, Diary, 3 volumes (1878). For Jonathan Edwards, see
Works, 4 volumes (1852), his Life by A. V. G.
Allen (1889), Selected Sermons edited by H. N. Gardiner
(1904). The most recent edition of Franklin's Works is edited by A. H.
Smyth, 10 volumes (1907).
Chapter 4. Samuel Adams, Works, 4 volumes (1904), John
Adams, Works, 10 volumes (1856), Thomas Paine, Life by M. D.
Conway, 2 volumes (1892), Works edited by Conway, 4 volumes (1895),
Philip Freneau, Poems, 3 volumes (Princeton edition, 1902), Thomas
Jefferson, Works edited by P. L. Ford, 10 volumes (1892-1898),
J. Woolman, Journal (edited by Whittier, 1871, and also in Everyman's
Library), The Federalist (edited by H. C. Lodge, 1888).
Chapter 5. Washington Irving, Works, 40 volumes (1891-1897),
also his Life and Letters by P. M. Irving, 4 volumes
(1862-1864). Fenimore Cooper, Works, 32 volumes (1896), Life
by T. R. Lounsbury (1883). Brockden Brown, Works, 6 volumes,
(1887). W. C. Bryant, Poems, 2 volumes (1883), Prose, 2
volumes (1884), and his Life by John Bigelow (1890).
Chapter 6. H. C. Goddard, Studies in New England
Transcendentalism (1908). R. W. Emerson, Works, 12 volumes
(Centenary edition, 1903), Journal, 10 volumes (1909-1914), his Life
by J. E. Cabot, 2 volumes (1887), by R. Garnett (1887), by G. E.
Woodberry (1905); see also Ralph Waldo Emerson, a critical study by
O. W. Firkins (1915). H. D. Thoreau, Works, 20 volumes
(Walden edition including Journals, 1906), Life by F. B.
Sanborn (1917), also Thoreau, A Critical Study by Mark van Doren
(1916). Note also Lindsay Swift, Brook Farm (1900), and The Dial,
reprint by the Rowfant Club (1902).
Chapter 7. Hawthorne, Works, 12 volumes (1882), Life
by G. E. Woodberry (1902). Longfellow, Works, 11 volumes
(1886), Life by Samuel Longfellow, 3 volumes (1891). Whittier, Works,
7 volumes (1892), Life by S. T. Pickard, 2 volumes (1894).
Holmes, Works, 13 volumes (1892), Life by J. T. Morse,
Jr. (1896). Lowell, Works, 11 volumes (1890), Life by Ferris
Greenslet (1905), Letters edited by C. E. Norton, 2 volumes
(1893). For the historians, note H. B. Adams, Life and Writings of
Jared Sparks, 2 volumes (1893). M. A. DeW. Howe, Life and
Letters of George Bancroft, 2 volumes (1908), G. S. Hillard, Life,
Letters, and Journals of George Ticknor, 2 volumes (1876), George
Ticknor, Life of Prescott (1863), also Rollo Ogden, Life of
Prescott (1904), G. W. Curtis, Correspondence of J. L.
Motley, 2 volumes (1889), Francis Parkman, Works, 12 volumes
(1865-1898), Life by C. H. Farnham (1900), J. F. Jameson,
History of Historical Writing in America (1891).
Chapter 8. Poe, Works, 10 volumes (Stedman-Woodberry
edition, 1894-1895), also 17 volumes (Virginia edition, J. A. Harrison,
1902), Life by G. E. Woodberry, 2 volumes (1909). Whitman, Leaves
of Grass and Complete Prose Works (Small, Maynard and Co.)
(1897, 1898), also John Burroughs, A Study of Whitman (1896).
Chapter 9. C. Schurz, Life of Henry Clay, 2 volumes (1887).
Daniel Webster, Works, 6 volumes (1851), Life by H. C.
Lodge (1883). Rufus Choate, Works, 2 volumes (1862). Wendell
Phillips, Speeches, Lectures, and Letters, 2 volumes (1892). W. L.
Garrison, The Story of his Life Told by his Children, 4 volumes
(1885-1889). Harriet Beecher Stowe, Works, 17 volumes (1897), Life
by C. E. Stowe (1889). Abraham Lincoln, Works, 2 volumes
(edited by Nicolay and Hay, 1894).
Chapter 10. For an excellent bibliography of the New National
Period, see F. L. Pattee, A History of American Literature since
1870 (1916).
For further bibliographical information the reader is referred to the
articles on American authors in The Encyclopœdia Britannica
and in The Warner Library (volume 30, The Student's Course,
N. Y., 1917).
A
Adams, C. F,
7.
Adams, John, opinion of
American independence,
11-
12;
as a writer,
73.
Adams, Samuel,
73-
74,
209.
After the Burial, Lowell,
172.
Agassiz,
Fiftieth Birthday of, Longfellow,
156.
Age
of Reason, Paine,
75.
Ages, The,
Bryant,
104.
Alcott, Bronson,
118,
119,
139-
140.
Aldrich, T. B.,
256-
257.
Alhambra, The, Irving,
91.
Allen, J. L.,
247.
American Anthology, Stedman,
256.
American characteristics,
3-
5.
American colonies, literature in the 17th century,
25-
42; journalism,
60-
62; education,
62-
63; science,
63-
64; bibliography of the literature,
269-
270.
American colonists, predominantly English,
12-
25; motives for
emigration,
16; moulded by pioneer life,
17-
23; in 1760,
59-
60.
"American idea,"
206-
207.
American life
since the Civil War,
234 et seq.
American literature, the term,
6.
American
Mercury,
61.
American Scholar, The,
Emerson,
123.
Ames, Fisher,
88.
Among my Books, Lowell,
170.
Andrew
Rykman's Prayer, Whittier,
161.
Annabel
Lee, Poe,
192.
Anthologies, American,
269.
Arsenal at Springfield, The,
Longfellow,
156.
Assignation, The,
Poe,
193.
Astoria, Irving,
91.
Atala, Châteaubriand,
96.
Atlantic Monthly,
161,
167,
170,
250,
257.
Autobiography,
Franklin,
58-
59.
Autocrat
of the Breakfast Table, The, Holmes,
164,
167.
B
Bacchus, Emerson,
129.
Ballad of
the French Fleet, A, Longfellow,
155.
Bancroft, George,
89,
176,
177-
178.
Barefoot
Boy, The, Whittier,
158.
Bartol, C. A.,
115.
Battle Hymn of the Republic,
Howe,
224,
225.
Battle
of the Kegs, The, Hopkinson,
69.
Bay
Psalm Book,
35.
Beecher, H. W.,
216-
217.
Belfry of
Bruges, The, Longfellow,
156.
Bells,
The, Poe,
5-
6,
192.
Biglow Papers, The, Lowell,
170,
172,
173.
Black Cat, The, Poe,
194.
Blaine, J. G.,
quoted,
163.
Blithedale Romance, The,
Hawthorne,
145-
146,
150-
151.
Boston
News-Letter,
60.
Boy's Town, A,
Howells,
250.
Bracebridge Hall,
Irving,
91.
Bradford, William,
28.
Bradstreet, Anne,
36-
37.
Bridge, The, Longfellow,
156.
Briggs, C. F., quoted,
190.
Brook Farm,
140,
143.
Brooklyn Eagle, The,
199.
Brown, Alice,
249,
250.
Brown University,
62.
Brownell, H. H.,
225.
Brownson, Orestes,
141.
Bryant, W. C., one of the
Knickerbocker Group,
89; personal appearance,
101; life and, writings,
101-
106; died (1878),
255.
"Buffalo Bill,"
see Cody, W. F.
Building of the Ship,
The, Longfellow,
155.
Burroughs, John,
262.
By Blue Ontario's Shore, Whitman,
204.
Byrd, William,
44.
C
Cable, G. W.,
246.
Calef, Robert,
43.
Calhoun, J. C.,
215.
Calvinism in New England,
18-
19.
Cambridge Thirty Years Ago, Lowell,
174.
Captain Bonneville, Irving,
91.
Carlyle, Thomas, quoted,
139.
Cask of
Amontillado, The, Poe,
193.
Cavell,
Edith, quoted,
266.
Cawein, Madison,
257.
Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras
County, The, Clemens,
237.
Century
Magazine,
256.
Changeling, The,
Lowell,
172.
Channing, Edward,
13.
Channing, W. E.,
112,
113,
119,
142.
Châteaubriand, Vicomte de,
96-
97.
Children's Hour,
The, Longfellow,
157.
Chita, Hearn,
248.
Chinese Ghosts, Hearn,
248.
Choate, Rufus,
215.
Church, Captain,
39.
Circuit Rider, The,
Eggleston,
247.
City in the Sea, The,
Poe,
189.
Clark, Roger,
41.
Clarke, J. F.,
141.
Clay, Henry,
208,
209-
211.
Clemens, S. L. (Mark Twain), attacks Cooper's novels,
99; quoted,
236; life and
writings,
237-
240;
typically American,
265.
Cobbler Keezar's
Vision, Whittier,
161.
Cody, W. F.
(Buffalo Bill),
243.
Columbus, Life of,
Irving,
91.
Commemoration Ode, Lowell,
170,
172.
Common
Sense, Paine,
75.
Conquest of Granada,
Irving,
91.
Conquest of Mexico,
Prescott,
179.
Conquest of Peru,
Prescott,
179.
Conspiracy of Pontiac, The,
Parkman,
184.
Cooke, Rose Terry,
249.
Cooper, J. F.,
95-
101,
265.
Cotton, John,
18,
32.
Courtship of
Miles Standish, Longfellow,
155.
"Craddock, C. E.,"
see Murfree, Mary N.
Cranch, C. P.,
141.
Crisis, The, Paine,
75.
Cristus, Longfellow,
155-
156.
Cromwell,
Oliver,
10.
Crothers, S. M.,
262-
263.
Crowded
Street, The, Bryant,
106.
Curtis, G. W.,
93,
141,
181.
D
Dana, C. A.,
141.
Day is Done, The,
Longfellow,
156.
Day of Doom, The,
Wigglesworth,
35-
36.
Deerslayer,
The, Cooper,
99.
Democratic Review,
199.
Dial,
136,
140.
Drake, J. R.,
107.
Drama, American, in the 20th century,
259-
260.
Dred, Stowe,
223.
Drum Taps, Whitman,
201.
Dwight,
Timothy,
69.
E
Edict of the King of Prussia against England, Franklin,
58.
Edinburgh Review, The,
88.
Edwards, Jonathan,
32,
45,
48-
52.
Eggleston, Edward,
247.
Eliot, John,
19,
38.
Elsie Venner,
Holmes,
168.
Embargo, The, Bryant,
102.
Emerson, R. W., in 1826,
89; a Transcendentalist,
113-
117; quoted,
116-
117; life and writings,
119-
130; died (1882),
255;
typically American,
265; argues for American
books,
266.
England in the 17th century,
13.
English Traits, Emerson,
128.
Essay on Man, Pope,
55.
Essays, Emerson,
125-
126,
127,
128.
Essays of the 20th century,
262-
263.
Eternal Goodness, The, Whittier,
161.
Ethan Brand, Hawthorne,
134.
Evangeline,
Longfellow,
155.
Evening Revery, An,
Bryant,
106.
Everett, Edward, Oration at
Cambridge (1826),
86; quoted,
87;
lectures,
111-
112;
estimate of,
215; quoted,
230.
Excelsior, Longfellow,
5-
6,
156.
Exiles' Departure, Whittier,
159.
F
Fable for Critics, Lowell,
170.
Fall
of the House of Usher, The, Poe,
193.
Farewell
Address, Washington,
66.
Farewell
Sermon, Edwards,
51.
Farmer Refuted,
The, Hamilton,
76.
Faust (translation),
Taylor,
255.
Federalist,
65,
76,
77.
Ferdinand and Isabella, History of the Reign of, Prescott,
179.
Fiction of the 20th century,
261-
262.
Fire of
Driftwood, The, Longfellow,
156.
First
Snowfall, The, Lowell,
172.
Flood of
Years, The, Bryant,
106.
Forest Hymn,
A, Bryant,
106.
Franklin, Benjamin, born
(1706),
44; attitude toward church,
44; exponent of New England life,
45;
life and writings,
52-
59;
conducts
Courant,
61; activity in
Philadelphia,
61-
62. letter
from Washington to,
78-
79;
typically American,
265.
Freeman, Mary
Wilkins,
249,
250.
Freneau, Philip,
69,
70-
72.
Frontenac, Parkman,
185.
Frost, Robert,
258.
Fugitive slave act,
144.
Fuller, Margaret,
119,
140-
141.
G
Garrison, W. L.,
89-
90,
137,
159,
208,
217-
218.
Gettysburg Address, Lincoln,
230-
231.
Gilded Age, The, Clemens,
237-
238.
God
Glorified in Man's Dependence, Edwards,
50.
Gold Bug, The, Poe,
193.
Gookin,
Daniel,
38.
Greeley, Horace,
217-
218.
Greenslet,
Ferris,
169.
H
Hale, E. E.,
224.
Half-Century of
Conflict, A, Parkman,
185.
Halleck,
Fitz-Greene,
107.
Hamilton, Alexander,
76-
77.
Hanging of the
Crane, The, Longfellow,
156.
Harris, J. C.,
246.
Harte, Bret,
240-
242.
Harvard, John,
16.
Harvard College,
62.
Haunted Palace, The,
Poe,
192.
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, in 1826,
89; opinion of Bryant,
105;
opinion of Transcendentalism,
143; life and
writings,
144-
152;
typically American,
265.
Hayne, Paul,
225.
Hazard of New Fortunes, A, Howells,
251.
Hearn, Lafcadio,
248.
Hecker, Father,
141.
Henry, Patrick,
72,
209.
Herons of
Elmwood, The, Longfellow,
156.
Hiawatha,
Longfellow,
155.
Higginson, T. W.,
142,
262.
Holmes, O. W.,
in 1826,
89; attitude toward Transcendentalism,
143; life and writings,
163-
168; died (1894),
255.
Home Sweet Home, Payne,
107.
Hooker,
Thomas,
21-
22,
30-
31.
Hoosier
Schoolmaster, The, Eggleston,
247.
House
of the Seven Gables, The, Hawthorne,
145,
150.
Hovey, Richard,
257.
Howells, W. D.,
93,
234-
235,
250-
251,
265.
Hubbard, William,
39.
Huckleberry Finn, Clemens,
238.
Humorists, American,
239.
Hutchinson, Anne,
32.
Hutchinson, Thomas,
12.
Hyperion, Longfellow,
152.
I