ADDENDUM.
The Gassner Battery.
Since the compilation of the foregoing pages, a dry
battery, known by the above name, has found great
favour with electric-bell fitters. Its peculiarity consists
in the zinc element forming the outside cell. In this is
placed the carbon, which is separated from the zinc by
a thick paste or jelly made of gypsum and oxide of
zinc. The cell can be placed in any position, works as
well on its side as upright, is not subject to creeping,
has an E.M.F. of about 1·5 volt, with an internal resistance
of only 0·25 ohm in the round form, and 0·6 in
the flat form. The Gassner dry battery polarizes much
less quickly than the ordinary Leclanché. The only
defects at present noticeable, are the flimsy connections,
and the fact that the outer cases being metal must be
carefully guarded from touching one another. This
can be effected by enclosing in a partitioned wooden box.
INDEX.
A.
- Acid, Chromic, 33, 46
- Hydrobromic, 20
- Hydrochloric, 20
- Hydriodic, 20
- Nitric, 20
- Sulphuric, 20
- Action in Bichromate, 47
- Dotting, 116
- of electric bell, 81
- Leclanché, 35
- Relay, 134
- Rubbing, 116
- of zinc on acids, 21
- Agglomerate block, 38
- Cell, 38
- Compo, 38
- Alarms, Burglar, 113
- Fire, 123
- Frost, 121
- Thermometer, 122
- Thief, 113
- Watch, 124
- Amber, 1
- Ampère, 55
- Ampère's law, 11
- Annealing iron, 13
- Arrangement of bells for lifts, 171
- Ships, 170
- Attraction, 3
B.
- Batteries, 18
- Battery agglomerate, 39
- Battery, Bichromate, 48
- Bunsen, 33
- Chromic acid, 46
- Daniell's, 29
- Gassner (addendum), 186
- Gent's, 44
- Gravity, 31
- Modified, 120
- Grenet, 46
- Grove, 33
- Judson's, 41
- Leclanché, 33
- Reversed, 46
- Minotto, 31
- Smee's, 27
- Walker's, 27
- Bell action, case for, 88
- Blocks, wooden, 150
- Bobbins, electric bell, 67
- Box for batteries, 43
- Brushes, dynamo, 17
C.
- Cable, many stranded, 174
- Case for bell action, 88
- Cells in parallel, 57
- series, 53
- Charging fluid, recipes, 48
- Fuller, 49
- Circuits, closed, 52, 118
- Of bells complete in house, 168
- For signalling, 167
- In both directions, 168
- Circuits of bells with Morse key, 165
- In parallel, 161
- Series, 162
- With relay, 164
- Single bell and wire, 159
- Earth, 160
- Two pushes, 161
- Push and pull, 161
- Open, 52
- Closed circuit system, 118
- Code for signalling, 130
- Coil spring, 108
- Conductors, 3
- Connecting up, 144, 159
- Contacts, burglar alarm, 113
- Door, 116
- Drawer, 121
- Floor, 113
- For closed circuits, 121
- Mackenzie's humming, 113
- Shop door, 116
- Till, 121
- Watch alarm, 124
- Window sash, 116
- Corrugated carbons, 41
- Creeping in cells, 43
- To remedy, 44
- Callow's attachment, 99
- Current, 54
- To ring bell, 145
D.
- Daniell's cell, 29
- Action in, 29
- Deflection of needle, 9, 11
- Detector or galvanometer, to make, 178
- Detent lever, 94
- Door contact, 116
- Dotting action, 116
- Drawing out plans, 169
- Dynamo, 15
- Armature, 16
- Brushes, 17
- Commutator, 17
- Dynamo, Cumulative effects, 17
- Field magnets, 16
E.
- Earth, 52
- Plate, 53
- Return, 153
- Electric bell, action of, 81
- Armature, 74
- Base, 61
- Bobbins, 67
- Contact screw, 75
- Continuous, 92
- Circular bell, 106
- Gong, 77
- How to make, 60
- In lifts, 171
- Ships, 170
- Jensen's, 101
- Joining E. M. wire, 73
- Magnets, 63
- Magneto, 174
- Mining, 106
- Paraffining, 69
- Platinum tip, 76
- Putting together, 78
- Single stroke, 91
- Spring, 74
- Thorpe's, 100
- Trembling, 81, 90
- Winding wire on, 71
- Wire for, 69
- Trumpet, 107
- Electricity, sources of, 2
- Electrodes, 26
- Electro-motive force, 51
- Electron, 1
- E.M.F., 51
- Excitation, 6
F.
- Faults to detect, 182
- Fire alarms, 123
- Floor contacts, 113
- Frost alarms, 121
- Fuller charging, 49
G.
- Galvanometer, 176
- Gas evolved, 18
- Gassner battery (addendum), 186
- Generator (magneto), 174
- Gent's battery, 44
- Glue, Prout's elastic, 148
- Graphite, 27
- Gravity battery, 31
- Daniell battery, 31
- Modified, 120
- Grenet battery, 46
- Grove battery, 33
- Gutta-percha, 148
I.
- Indicator, 135
- Automatic, 138
- Drop, 136
- Electric replacement, 136
- Gent's, 140
- Tripolar, 143
- Mechanical replacement, 136
- Mode of coupling up, 142
- Pendulum, 139
- Polarised, 139
- Self replacing, 136
- Semaphore, 136
- Inductor, 174
- Insulation, 68
- Insulators, 4
- Internal resistance, 56
- Interior of push, 151
- Iron, importance of soft, 65
- Yoke, 66
J.
- Jensen's bell, 101
- Joining wires to push, 151
- Judson's cell, 41
K.
L.
- Leakage, 52
- Leclanché cell, 33
- reversed, 46
- Legge's contact, 115
- Lever switches, 128
- Lifts, bells for, 171
- Localising faults, 144, 175
- Lodge bell, 169
M.
- Magnetic field, 14
- Magneto bells, 175
- Electric machines, 14, 15
- Magnets, 13
- Magnets producing electricity, 14
- Magnetisation of iron, 12
- Steel, 13
- Manganese oxide, 33
- Minotto cell, 31
- Modified gravity battery, 120
- Morse key, 129
- Musical instrument, novel, 108
N.
- Negative electricity, 7
- Non-conductors, 3
- Novel musical instrument, 108
O.
- Ohm, 55
- Ohm's law, 55
- Open circuit, 52
- Overhead lines, 152
P.
- Paraffin, 69, 170
- Percha, gutta, 148
- Plans, drawing out, 169
-
Platinum, riveting, 76
- Platinum, use of, 76
- Plug switches, 128
- Polarisation, 26
- Positive electricity, 7
- Proportions of bell parts, table of, 89
- Pressels, 111
- Prout's elastic glue, 148
- Pulls, 111
- Push, 92, 151, 109
- Interior of, 151
- Joining wires to, 151
R.
- Relay, 96, 133
- Action of, 134
- Repulsion, 3
- Resinous electricity, 7
- Resistance of wire, table of, 146
- Return current, 153
- Riveting platinum, 76
- Rubbing action, 116
S.
- Ships, bells for, 170
- Shop door contact, 116
- Signalling by bells, 130
- Code, 130
- Silver platinised, 27
- Single cell, 9
- Sizes of Leclanché's, 42
- Smee's cell, 27
- Spring coil, 108
- Standard size of wires, 146
- Switches, lever, 128
- Plug, 128
T.
- Table of batteries, E.M.F. and R., 58
- Conductors and insulators, 4, 68
- Metals in acid, 8
- Table of Proportions of bell parts, 89
- Wire resistance, etc., 146
- Testing new work, 182
- Old, 183
- Thermometer alarms, 122
- Thorpe's Ball, 100
U.
V.
- Vitreous electricity, 7
- Volt, 53
W.
- Walker's cell, 27
- Watchman's clock, 124
- Water level indicator, 127
- Washer, insulating, 77
- Window sash contact, 116
- Wiping contact, 102
- Wire covering, 147
- In iron pipes, 152
- In wooden boxes, 152
- Iron, 152
- Joining, 148
- To push, 151
- Laying in tubes, 149
- Leading, 147, 150
- Overhead, 152
- Resistance, table of, 146
- Return, 147, 150
- Soldering iron, 148
- Tinned, 147
- Underground, 152
- Wiring, general instructions, 155
- Up, 144
Z.
- Zinc, amalgamated, 22
- Blacking, 45
- Consumption, 21
- Commercial, 19
- Pure, 19
WILLIAM RIDER AND SON, PRINTERS, LONDON.
Small crown 8vo, cloth. With many Illustrations.
WHITTAKER'S LIBRARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES,
MANUFACTURES AND INDUSTRIES.
MANAGEMENT OF ACCUMULATORS AND
PRIVATE ELECTRIC LIGHT INSTALLATIONS.
A Practical Handbook by Sir David Salomons, Bart., M. A.
4th Edition, Revised and Enlarged, with 32 Illustrations. Cloth 3s.
"To say that this book is the best of its kind would be a poor compliment, as
it is practically the only work on accumulators that has been written."—Electrical
Review.
ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT-MAKING FOR
AMATEURS. A Practical Handbook. By S. R. Bottone,
Author of "The Dynamo," &c. With 60 Illustrations. Second
Edition. Cloth 3s.
ELECTRIC BELLS. By S. R. Bottone. With
numerous Illustrations.
In Preparation.
THE PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS FROM
LIGHTNING. A Treatise on the Theory of Lightning Conductors
from a Modern Point of View. Being the substance of
two lectures delivered before the Society of Arts in March, 1888.
By Oliver J. Lodge, LL.D., D.Sc, F.R.S., Professor of Physics
in University College, Liverpool.
Published with various amplifications and additions, with the
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ELECTRICAL INFLUENCE MACHINES:
Containing a full account of their historical development, their
modern Forms, and their Practical Construction. By J. Gray,
B.Sc.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING IN OUR
WORKSHOPS. A Practical Handbook. By Sydney F.
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[Ready Shortly
Transcriber's Notes
Page 12: changed "guage" to "gauge" ( ... cotton-covered copper
wire, say No. 20 gauge ...)
Page 35: changed "change" to "charge" ( ... losing at the same
time its electrical charge ...)
Page 55: changed "guage" to "gauge" ( ... 1 foot of No.
41 gauge pure copper wire ...)
Page 64: changed "exaet" to "exact" ( ... of the exact
diameter of the turned ends of the cores ...)
Page 73: moved comma "Rivetting, is" to "Rivetting is,"
(Rivetting, is perhaps, the best mode ...)
Page 81: added hyphen ( ... along the short
length of wire to the right-hand binding-screw ...)
Page 83: changed "head" to "heads" ( ... the possible defects of
electric bells may be classed under four heads: ...)
Page 92: changed "its" to "it" ( ... until it rests against the stop
or studs.)
Page 102: changed "contract-breaker" to "contact-breaker"
(When the contact-breaker is used, ...)
Page 103: changed "instead" to "Instead" (Instead of the armature and clapper ...)
Page 132: in the Morse code for "BRING THE", the code for "H" has been
corrected from two dots to four dots.
Page 136: changed "eletro-magnet" to "electro-magnet" ( ... if the electro-magnet were energised ...)
Page 137: changed "idicator" to "indicator" (since the indicator falls forwards)
Page 146: changed "arrangment" to "arrangement" (the size and arrangement
of the batteries and wires)
Page 146: added comma "nails," ( ... chance contact with nails,
staples, metal pipes or other wires ...)
Page 179: changed "carboard" to "cardboard" ( ... for our purpose we will choose cardboard.)
Page 179: changed "Tanstickor" to "Tãndstickor" ( ... double it to the form of a Tãndstickor match-box, ...)
Page 185: suspected typo (unchanged) "Emmot" should perhaps be
"Emmott" (... the electrical firms of Messrs. Blakey Emmot, ...)
Page 186: changed "Leclanchè" to "Leclanché" ( ... polarizes much
less quickly than the ordinary Leclanché.)
Page 187: changed two instances of "Ampére" to "Ampère" in the index (Ampère, 55 / Ampère's law, 11)