Universal milling-machine. A milling-machine that is capable of cutting spirals, and is provided with an index head.
Upright. A vertical post or frame.
U. S. standard thread. A V-shaped thread having a flat place at the top and bottom.
V
Vernier (vër′ni-er). A measuring device in which two sets of lines of division are employed, one set being narrower spaced than the other, but so spaced that in a certain number of divisions the two end lines of each piece measure exactly alike: this provides a means of making a minute measurement.
Vise. A work-holding device in which one jaw is movable and the other stationary.
Vise-clamp. A piece of metal placed on the vise jaw and passing between it and the work to prevent the jaw teeth from indenting the work.
V-thread. A V-shaped thread, sharp at the top and bottom.
W
Warding file. A thin file suitable for filing out the wards of the keys of door locks, etc.
Washer. A perforated disc of metal, usually forming a seating for some other piece as a rest or a pin.
Wheel lathe. A lathe for turning wheels.
Whitworth’s quick-return motion. A mechanism employed to move a cutting tool faster on its return than on its cutting stroke.
Whitworth’s thread. A screw thread designed by Sir Joseph Whitworth, and having a rounded top and bottom.
Winding strips. A pair of straight edges, used to detect any wind or twist in surfaces that ought to be parallel.
Wing-nut. A nut having wings so that it may be screwed up with the fingers.
Wire-gauge. A gauge having notches in it that are standards of size for wire, for the thickness of sheet metal, for screws, etc., etc.
Worm-wheel. A wheel whose teeth are formed to work with a worm or screw.
Wrench. A tool for turning nuts, etc.
Y
Yoke. A piece that embraces two other pieces to hold them together, or adjust their distance apart.
A
Absolute steam pressure, ii, 411.
Accidents to locomotives, ii, 402.
Accurate standards, i, 341.
Admission of steam to indicator, ii, 414.
point of, ii, 376.
Adjustable centre rest, ii, 14.
chucks for true work, i, 235.
cutters, i, 448.
with half-round bit, i, 281.
die stock, i, 448.
drivers for bolt-heads, i, 224.
end measurement gauges, i, 377.
or jamb dies, i, 98.
planes, ii, 269.
reamers, i, 189, 284,
ii, 99.
shell reamers, i, 284.
tap wrenches, i, 110.
taps, i, 104.
wrenches, various forms of, i, 125.
Adjusting connecting rod brasses, ii, 385.
length of connecting rods, ii, 126.
main bearings, ii, 386.
parts of a locomotive, ii, 404.
Adjustment of band saws, ii, 309.
by differential screw, i, 119.
Advantages of face cutters, i, 108.
of involute gear teeth, i, 34.
Air brake for locomotives, ii, 398.
Air pumps, ii, 441.
Aligning connecting rods, ii, 119, 124.
Alignment in crank pins, errors, ii, 169.
of cranks, testing the, ii, 167.
of lathe tail stocks, i, 145.
Allen valve, ii, 377.
Allowance, for contraction fits, i, 366.
for hydraulic fits, i, 365.
Alteration of shape of threads from the wear of tools, i, 89.
Angle irons, welding of, ii, 236.
of clearance in lathe tools, i, 257.
plate chucking, examples of, i, 251.
plates for planer tables, i, 418.
valve patterns, ii, 283, 284.
Angles for the facets of scrapers, ii, 97.
of cutting edges of chisels, ii, 74.
of thread cutting tools, i, 91.
Angular advance of eccentrics, ii, 380.
cutters, ii, 19.
cutters for groove cutting, ii, 27.
of helical teeth, i, 69.
teeth, and thrust of, i, 69.
herring-bone, i, 69.
velocity of gear-wheels, i, 6.
Angularity of connecting rods, ii, 375.
Annular emery wheels, ii, 47.
wheels, i, 1.
compared with spur, i, 32.
Anvils, ii, 230.
Apparatus for oiling, ii, 439, 440.
Appliances for bending timber, ii, 265.
for tapping standard work, i, 111.
Aprons, lathe, feed motion for, i, 168.
Apron tools for planers, i, 411.
Arbors, adjustable, i, 227.
cutter, ii, 25.
emery wheel, construction of, i, 198.
expanding, i, 227.
for eccentric work, i, 229.
shell reamers, i, 283.
threaded work, i, 228.
lathe, i, 227.
Arc of approach of gear-wheels, i, 13, 16.
of contact of gear-wheels, i, 17, 25.
of recess of gear-wheels, i, 13,
16, 20.
Area of the indicator diagram, ii, 419.
Arms for pulleys, ii, 279.
pivoted, for tooth templates, i, 44.
Atmosphere, influence of, on oils, ii, 153.
Auger bit, i, 453.
Augers for end-grain wood, i, 454.
Augers for wood boring, ii, 342.
Automatic air brake, ii, 398.
cut-off engines, ii, 423.
engine, high speed, ii, 427.
engine, straight line, ii, 428.
wheel governors, ii, 427.
feed motions, i, 408; ii, 8.
gear cutter, ii, 54.
nut tapping machine socket, ii, 475.
grindstone traversing device, ii, 53.
Auxiliary valve, ii, 438, 439.
Ax handle lathes, i, 210.
Axle boxes, hot, ii, 403.
locomotive, ii, 148.
brasses, testing, i, 366.
Axles, crank, lathes for turning, i, 152.
forging, ii, 259.
B
Babbitting boxes, methods of, ii, 155.
Babbitt metal-lined boxes, ii, 155.
Back-gear of lathe, i, 135, 145.
throwing in and out, i, 165.
treble, i, 143.
Back-knife gauge lathe, i, 211.
Back rest, i, 233.
Balanced valves, ii, 377.
Balancing cutter heads, ii, 324, 326.
emery wheels, ii, 39.
pulleys, ii, 202.
Ball turning, i, 325.
Banking fires, ii, 401.
Band saw machines, ii, 308, 311, 312.
Band saw guides, ii, 311.
teeth, ii, 308-310.
pitch of, ii, 309.
tension, ii, 310, 311.
Bar cutters, boring, i, 289.
the shapes of, i, 291.
Bar iron, straightening, i, 305.
Barometer, graduation of, ii, 416.
construction of, ii, 415.
Bars, boring, i, 289.
boring, with fixed heads, i, 290.
Bar steel, forms of, for chisels, ii, 73.
Bearings, adjusting, ii, 386.
for lead screw, i, 139.
of engine lathes, i, 134.
of line shafting, ii, 166.
surfaces of keys, i, 126.
thrust of, ii, 445.
various forms of, ii, 147.
wear of, i, 158.
Beating and pounding, causes of, ii, 168.
Bedding brasses in their boxes, ii, 132.
Beds, planer, flat guideways for, i, 414.
planer, oiling devices for, i, 415.
Belt stretching clamps, ii, 210.
lacings, covers for, ii, 215.
forms of, ii, 214.
Belt pumps, ii, 388.
shifting mechanism, i, 406, 407.
Belts, bevelled joints for, ii, 215.
changing or shipping, ii, 217.
driving power of, ii, 208-225.
friction, coefficient of, ii, 222.
grain side, weak, ii, 208.
to pulley, ii, 209.
guide pulleys for, ii, 211.
lap joints for, ii, 215.
length of, ii, 209.
line of motion of, ii, 217.
parts of hide used for, ii, 207.
pegged, ii, 215.
single and double, ii, 208.
stretch of, parts of hide, ii, 208.
the creep of, ii, 222.
length of, ii, 209.
sag of, ii, 210.
tension of, ii, 211, 224.
torsional moment, ii, 223.
V or angular, ii, 217.
Bench lathes, i, 130.
Bending appliances, ii, 226, 265.
block for wood, ii, 265, 266.
iron, ii, 226, 240.
timber, ii, 265, 266.
wood, modern methods, ii, 265.
Bent files, use of, ii, 93.
Bevel gear teeth, originating, i, 22.
pinion, drawings for, i, 59.
protractors, i, 380.
squares, i, 380.
wheel, body pattern, i, 59.
Bevel wheels, i, 1, 21, 61.
formation of the teeth of, i, 22.
testing the angle of, i, 60.
Bilge injection marine engines, ii, 441.
Billiard cues, steady rest for, i, 233.
Birmingham wire gauge for gold and silver, i, 387.
Bit, half round, i, 281.
Bits for wood working, ii, 342.
Blacksmith’s anvils, ii, 230.
drilling levers, i, 456.
fire, side blast for, ii, 228.
forges, ii, 228, 229.
swages, ii, 230, 231.
temper, ii, 460.
tools, ii, 229, 230.
work, swaging, ii, 232.
Blade, form of, necessary to produce a given shape of moulding, ii, 77.
Block planes, ii, 269.
Blocks for filing pins, ii, 104.
pillow for shafting, ii, 194.
or pillar, patterns for, ii, 277.
swage, ii, 232.
Blotting paper, oil test, ii, 154.
Blowing down boilers, ii, 370.
Blows upon plates, effects of, ii, 69.
Blow through valve, ii, 440.
Boiler fitting joints, ii, 140.
Boilermakers, drilling machine, i, 435.
drilling machine, feed motion, i, 436.
Boilermakers’ turning machine, i, 435.
Boiler, blowing down, ii, 370.
cleaning, ii, 370.
evaporative efficiency of, ii, 366.
examining, ii, 458.
factors of safety of, ii, 355.
feed water, ii, 370.
feeding, instruction upon, ii, 370.
fire cleaning, ii, 369.
cleaning tools, ii, 369.
for stationary engine, ii, 350.
gauge cocks, ii, 368.
grate bars, ii, 369.
bars, shaking, ii, 369.
horizontal, return tubes, ii, 361.
lighting the fire under, ii, 368.
internally fired, ii, 358.
plate, the strength of, ii, 351.
settings, ii, 364-366.
seams, diameter of rivets, ii, 356.
treble riveted, ii, 353.
shells, drilling machines for, i, 436.
the strains on, ii, 351.
the strength of, ii, 350.
strains on, ii, 355.
the care and management of, ii, 368.
tubes, for fire engines, ii, 431.
vertical, ii, 359.
external uptakes, ii, 361.
water gauge glass of, ii, 368.
with Field tubes, ii, 359.
Boilers, low water in, ii, 370.
of marine engines, ii, 436, 437.
of steam fire engines, ii, 431.
priming in, ii, 370.
Bolt-cutting machine, head of, i, 466.
dies, i, 473.
rapid, i, 467.
the construction of dies for, i, 473.
with automatic stop motion, i, 466.
back gear, i, 467.
Bolt-forging, ii, 238.
Bolt-threading machinery, i, 468.
capacity of, i, 471.
construction of, i, 468-472.
Bolted connecting-rod straps, ii, 116.
Bolt-heads, adjustable drivers for, i, 224.
bedding, i, 117.
filing, ii, 105.
Bolt-holes, classification of, i, 112.
Bolts and nuts, table for, i, 114.
Bolts, classification of, i, 112.
countersunk, i, 112.
devices for forging, ii, 238.
for foundations, forms of, i, 113.
planer tables, forms of, i, 417.
quick removal, i, 116.
forms of drivers for, i, 224.
hook, i, 113.
not passing through the work, i, 117.
rapid construction of, i, 468.
removing corroded, i, 122.
self-locking, i, 117.
Bore gauge, i, 387.
Boring and turning mill or lathe, i, 211.
bar, centres for, i, 293.
cutters, i, 289.
cutters, shapes of, i, 291.
bars, i, 289.
for taper work, forms of, i, 292.
three or four cutters for, i, 290.
with fixed heads, i, 290.
with sliding heads, i, 290.
double-coned work, i, 293.
end grain wood, augers for, i, 453.
head with nut feed, i, 291.
heads, i, 288.
lathe for engine cylinders, i, 219.
with double heads, i, 220.
with traversing spindle, i, 218.
mill, i, 211.
purposes, chucking lathe for, i, 152.
tool holders, i, 287.
tools for brass, lathe, and small work, i, 285-287.
octagon, holders for, i, 175.
the spring of, i, 286.
Boring-machine, i, 431.
for car wheels, i, 438.
wood, ii, 342.
horizontal, i, 433.
pulley, i, 438.
the feed motion of, i, 432.
Box wrenches, i, 124.
body chucks, i, 237.
tools for screw machines, i, 208.
Brace drill, i, 455.
with multiplying gear, i, 456.
ratchet motion, i, 456.
Brad awl, i, 452.
Brake for lathe pulley, i, 149.
for pattern lathe, i, 149.
lathe, i, 151.
Branch pipe core boxes, ii, 286.
Brasses, fitting to their journals, ii, 145.
Brasses, for connecting rods, adjusting, ii, 120-127,
130-132.
lead lined, ii, 148.
oil cavities for, ii, 150.
open, ii, 149.
various forms of, ii, 127, 147.
Brass work, boring tools for, i, 286.
front tools for, i, 264.
hand tool for roughing out, i, 332.
side tools for, i, 264.
special lathes for, i, 217.
Breast drill with double gear, i, 456.
Broaches, construction of, i, 479.
Broaching press, i, 478.
Broken frames, repairing, ii, 178.
Brush wheels, for polishing, ii, 50.
speed of, ii, 50.
Built-up gearwheels, i, 61.
Burnishing lathe work, i, 311.
Butt joints, boiler, ii, 352.
Butt welds, ii, 236.
Buzz planer, ii, 315.
By-pass valve, ii, 438.
C
Calculating the horse power of engines, ii, 407, 419.
revolutions of, and power transmitted by, gear wheels, i, 5.
speeds of pulleys, ii, 204.
strength of gear teeth, i, 65.
strength of riveted seams, ii, 354.
horse power by indicator diagrams, ii, 418, 419.
Calculations, safety-valve, ii, 409.
Calendar roll lathe, i, 195, 215.
Caliper, the micrometer, i, 354.
Calipers, compass, i, 378.
holding and using, i, 361, 362.
inside, i, 360.
spring, i, 360.
with locking devices, i, 360.
Cam chuck for irregular work, i, 328.
motion for an engine slide-valve without steam lap, i, 83.
motions, applications of, i, 327.
for engines, i, 83.
return or backing, i, 82.
Cams, finding the pitch line of, i, 80.
finding the working face of, i, 80.
originating in the lathe, i, 326.
return, finding the shapes of, i, 82.
Capacity of pumps, ii, 388.
of thread cutting machine, i, 471.
Cape chisels or cross-cut chisels, ii, 74.
Car axle lathe, i, 147.
the feed motions of, i, 148.
Carpenter’s chisel, ii, 77.
Carriages, lathe, testing, ii, 182.
for lathes, i, 137, 145.
Carriers, lathe, i, 222.
Car wheels, boring machine for, i, 438.
Case-hardening, ii, 128, 442.
finished work, ii, 129.
preparing work for, ii, 129.
Casting pillow blocks, ii, 277.
Cast gear, contact of the teeth of, i, 67.
iron, internal strains, i, 306.
teeth, contact of, i, 67.
scale for curves of, i, 51.
side clearance, i, 53.
Cat head, i, 233.
steady rest, i, 233.
Caulking tools, ii, 141.
Cement chuck, i, 242.
Cements used in the manufacture of emery wheels, ii, 38.
Centre bit, i, 454.
dead, methods of removing, i, 159.
drill and countersink, i, 300.
chuck, i, 302.
drilling lathe attachment, i, 300.
chucks for, i, 303.
machine, i, 300.
live, removing, i, 159.
of rough work, i, 301.
planer, i, 408.
punch, i, 300.
guide, i, 301.
Centres for boring bars, i, 293.
for hollow work, i, 226.
lathe, i, 296.
shaping machines, i, 397.
taper work, i, 226.
live, tapers for, i, 159.
Centring devices for crank axles, i, 230.
square, i, 300.
work with the scribing block, i, 301.