Y

Y consonant corresponds to A. S. G before a vowel. This has generally in S. been printed Ʒ, from the resemblance of the A. S. letter to the form of the Roman Ʒ, although there is not the least affinity as to power.

This, I apprehend, must be ascribed to the inaccuracy, or to the ignorance of the writers or copyists of MSS., who, misled by the very near resemblance of the letters, substituted the long z, or Ʒ, for the A. S. g.

In the south of S., y consonant is prefixed to a variety of words which are elsewhere pronounced without it; as, yaik for ache, yield, age, for eild, &c.

YA, YHA, adv. Yea, yes, Moray.
Barbour.

Moes. G. ja, jai, Su. G. ja, A. S. ia, ya, id.

To YABBLE, v. n. To gabble, Fife.

YAD, s. A piece of bad coal, which becomes a white ashy lump in the fire, Fife; gaist, synon.

YAD, YADE, YAUD, s. Properly, an old mare, S.; E. jade, a worn-out horse. A. Bor. yaud.
Dunbar.

Isl. jad, or jada, denotes the failure of the teeth.

Yad-skyvar, s. Apparently, one who drives an old mare.
Dunbar.

Yad, and perh. Su. G. skiufwa, to drive.

To YAFF, v. n.
 1. To bark; properly denoting the noise made by a small dog, to yelp, S.
A. Scott.
 2. To prate, to talk pertly; used as expressive of contempt, S.

A. S. gealp-an, exclamare, gloriari; Isl. gialf-ra, incondita loqui.

To YAIK, YAICK, v. n. To ache, S. A.
L. Scotland.

To YAIK, v. n. To quiver, to shake.
Burel.

YAIR, YAIRE, YARE, s.
 1. An inclosure, stretching into a tideway, for the purpose of detaining the fish when the tide ebbs, S.
Stat. Rob. I.
 2. A sort of scaffolding, which juts out into a river or frith in a straight line, S.
Stat. Acc.

YALD, YAULD, adj.
 1. Sprightly, alert; active, vigorous, S. A. Loth.

YALLOCH, s. A shout, a shrill cry; the act of yelling. S. also yalloch.
Doug.

To YAMER, YAMMER, YAWMER, v. n.
 1. To shriek, to yell.
Douglas.
 2. Now generally used, as signifying, to fret, to whine, to whimper. S.

YARE, YHAR, YORE, adj. Ready, alert, in a state of preparation, S. B.  O. E.
Barbour.

It is evidently the same with Gare, q. v.

YARE, s. A wear, for catching fish.
V. Yair.

To YARK, v. a. To beat.
V. Yerk.

YARNE, YERNE, adv. Eagerly, diligently.
Barbour.

A. S. georne, georn, studious, careful, earnest; Su. G. gerna, libenter.

YARNETS, s. pl. An instrument for winding yarn, S.

YARPHA, s.
 1. Peat full of fibres and roots, Orkn.
 2. Peat combined with clay or sand; a denomination of soil, Orkn.
Barry.

Isl. joerfi, lutum; Norw. joerme, black marshy earth, by the common change of f into m. V. Haldorson. Isl. jarp-ur, black, dark-coloured, seems to be the root.

YARR, s. Spurrey; a weed found in poor land, S.

YARRING, adj. Snarling, captious, troublesome.
V. Yirr.
Gl. Shirr.

To YARROW, v. a. To earn, to gain by industry, S. B.

A. S. gearw-ian, to prepare; Su. G. garfw-a, gora, id.

YAAVE, s. Awe, Banffs.

YAVIL, adj. Flat, Aberd.
V. Auale, Awail, and Awalt.
Journ. Lond.

YAUD. Far yaud, the signal made by a shepherd to his dog, when he is to drive away some sheep at a distance.
Minstr. Bord.

A. S. eode, ivit, from gan, ire; or from gath, accede.

To YAUL, v. n. To yell.
V. Yalloch.
Sir Gawan.

YAULD, adj. Alert, &c.
V. Yald.

To YAUP, v. n.
 1. To yelp, S.
 2. Denoting the incessant crying of birds, S. A.
Gl. Sibb.

Teut. galp-en, gannire instar vulpis.

YAWS, s. pl. Apparently the disorder called Syphilis; also Sivvens, Orkn. Galloway.

YAXE, s. An axe, Buchan.

YE, YIE, (corr. printed zei.)

YEABLES, adv. Perhaps, Loth. Border; yeablesea, A. Bor.
V. Able.

YEALD, adj. Barren.
V. Yeld.

To YED, v. n. To contend, to wrangle, Loth. Isl. odd-a, ydd-a, excerto.
Ramsay.

Yed, s. Strife, contention, Loth.
Ramsay.

Yealings.
V. Yieldins.

YEDDLE, adj. Thick, muddy; applied to water, Loth.
V. Adill.

YEDE, YEID, YHED, YHUDE, YOWDE, pret. v. Went. Yede is still used in Ang., gaid, S.
Barbour.

YIELDINS, YEALINS, s. pl. Persons who are coeval, S.
V. Eildins.

YEILL, s. "Age."
V. Eild.
Douglas.

It may, however, be the same with yeil, q. return.

To YEISK, YESK, YISK, v. n.
 1. To hiccup, S.
Douglas.
 2. To belch; S. B. eesk.
Douglas.

YELD, YEALD, YELL, EILD, adj.
 1. Barren, S.; yell, eill, Border. A. Bor. yell.
Montgomerie.
 2. A cow, although with calf, is said to gang yeld, when her milk dries up, S. B.
A yeld nurse, a dry nurse.
Stat. Acc.
 3. Denoting cattle or sheep that are too young to bear, Dumfr.
 4. Applied metaph. to broth without meat.
Kelly.

YELDRING, YELDRIN, s. A yellow-hammer, S. tautologically yellow-yeldrin, also yellow-yite.
Sibbald.

YELLOW GOWAN, the name given in S. to different species of the ranunculus.
V. Gowan.

To YEME, YHEME, YYM, v. a. To keep, to take care of.
Barbour.

Yemar, Yhemar, s. A keeper, one who has any object in charge.
Barbour.

Yemsell, Yhemsell, s.
 1. The act of keeping, custody.
Skene.
 2. Used nearly in the same sense with E. wardship, guardianship, tutorage.
Barbour.

YERD, YERTH, s. Earth, soil.
V. Erd.

Also,

To Yerd, to bury.
V. Erd, v.

Yerd-fast, adj. Firmly fastened in the ground, S.
Poems Buch. Dial.

A. S. earde-faest, settled, grounded, Isl. iardfastr stein, saxum in terra immotum.

Yerd-meal, s. Earth-mould, church-yard dust, Aberd.
Gl. Shirr.

YERE, adv. Certainly. To yere, too surely, or truly.
Douglas.

A. S. geare, gere, certo.

YERESTRENE, s. The night before last, S. A.
V. Here-yestreen; also Here-yesterday.
Gl. Sibb.

To YERK, v. a. To bind tightly, as with a small cord, S.
Gl. Sibb.

A. S. gearc-ian, parare.

To YERK, v. n.
 1. To be in a state of fermentation, a term applied to beer, Ang.

Germ. gaer-a, Su. G. goer-a, effervescere.

 2. To do any thing with agility, S. B.
Gl. Shirr.
 3. To be busy, or keenly engaged, applied to the mind.
Kelly.

Su. G. yrk-a, postulare, insistere.

To YERK, YARK, v. a. To beat, to strike smartly, S. jerk, E.
Ferguson.

YERN-BLITER, s. The name given to the snipe. S. B., sometimes pron. yern-bluter.
Journ. Lond.

To YESK, v. n. To hiccup. S.
V. Yeisk.

To YESTER, v. a. To discompose, to disturb. Ang.

Su. G. yster, ferox, or A. S. ge-styr-an, turbare.

YESTREEN, YISTRENE, s. Yesternight.
V. Here-yesterday.
Douglas.

YET, YETT, YHATE, s. A gate, S.

A. Bor. yete.

Wallace.

Yet chekis, door-posts.
Douglas.

A. S. geat, O. Belg. gat, id. Su. G. gaatt, postis januae.

To YET, YETT, YYT, v. a.
 1. To pour, S. yet, yett, poured.
Douglas.

YHEMAR, s. A keeper.
V. Yemar.

YHEMSEL, s. Custody.
V. Yemsel.

YHIS, adv. Yes.
Barbour.

A. S. gese, gise, gyse, immo, etiam.

YHUDE, pret. Went.
V. Yede.

YHULL, s. Christmas.
V. Yule.

YHUMAN, YUMAN, YOMAN, YEOMAN, s.
 1. A person of inferior station; as, a husbandman or farmer.
Reg. Maj.

YIE, term (printed Zie).
V. Ye.

YIELD OF THE DAY, the influence of the sun; also the height of the day, Ang.

From E. yield, as denoting that the frost gives way.

YILL, s. Ale, S. O. and A.
Burns.

A. S. eale, id.

Yill-wife, s. A woman who brews and sells ale, S.
Gl. Sibb.

To Yill, v. a. To entertain with ale, a term commonly used by the vulgar, S. O. to denote one special mode in which a lover entertains his Dulcinea at a fair or market.

YIM, s. A particle, an atom; the smallest portion of any thing, Ang.; at times pron. as if nyim; perhaps q. ane yim.

Su. G. em, im, ime, vapour; Isl. hióm, the most minute object.

To YYM, v. a. To keep.

Yimmit, kept.
V. Yeme.

YING, YYNG, adj. Young.

O. E. id.

Douglas.

YIRDIN, s. Thunder, S. B.
V. Erddyn.

To YIRM, v. n.
 1. To whine, to complain, S.
 2. To ask in a querulous tone; implying the idea of continuation, S.

To YYRNE, v. n. To coagulate, to curdle.
V. Earn.
Bannatyne P.

To YIRR, v. n. To snarl, to growl as a dog, S. yarr, E.

To YISK, v. n. To hiccup.
V. Yeisk.

YISTRENE, s. Yesternight.
V. Yestrene.

YYT, part. pa. Molten, cast.
V. Yet, v.

YIWYN. Perh. for ewyn, even.
Barbour.

* To YOKE, v. n. To engage with another in a dispute, in a quarrel, or in warfare, S.
Baillie.

YOLDYN, YOUDEN, pret. v. Yielded, surrendered.
Barbour.

To YOMER, v. n. To shriek.
V. Yamer, v.
Sir Gawan.

YONT, prep. Beyond.
V. Yound.

YORE, adj. Ready, alert.
V. Yare.

YOUDEN, part. pa.
V. Yoldyn.

YOUDEN-DRIFT, s. Snow driven by the wind, S. B.
Morison.

Perh. from yolden, or youden, the old part. pa. of yield, q. snow which is driven as yielding to the force of the wind.

YOUDITH, s. Youth, S. A.
V. Youth-heid.
Ramsay.

To YOUF, YUFF, v. n. To bark, S.
V. Wouff.
Ferguson.

YOUFF, YOWFF, s. A swinging blow, Loth. the same with Gouff.
Ramsay.

To YOUK, YUKE, YUCK, v. n. To itch, to be itchy, S.
Hamilton.

Youk, Yeuk, Yuke, Yuck, s.
 1. The itch, S.
Ramsay.
 2. Itchiness; without any relation to the cutaneous disease denominated the itch, S.

To YOUL, YOULE, v. n. To howl, to yell, S.  A. Bor.
V. Goul, v.
Douglas.

Youl, Yowl, s. A yell, the act of howling, S.
Dunbar.

YOULRING, s. A yellow-hammer.
V. Yeldrin.

YOUND, adj. Opposite, what is on the other side, S. yont.
Douglas.

YOUP, s. A scream.
V. Yout, s.

YOUSTIR, YOUSTER, s. Putrid matter, corrupt blood.
Douglas.

A. S. geolster, virus, sanies; geolstru, virulentus.

To YOUT, v. n. To cry, to roar, S. B.
Houlate.

YOUTHEID, YHOUTHADE, YOWTHHEID, s. Youth.
Wyntown.

YOWDE, pret. Went.
V. Yede.

YUIK, s. Itchiness.
V. Youk.
G. Buchanan.

To YUKE, v. n. To be itchy.
V. Youk.

YULE, YHULE, YUYLL, s. The name given to Christmas, S. A. Bor.
Wynt.

YUMAN, YUMANRY.
V. Yhuman.

FINIS.

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

Formatting has been used in order to make each entry easier to read, and an effort has been made to retain the spirit of the formatting in the original dictionary. Word sources are given in italics, slightly inset. Etymological information (when it appears on a separate line) is presented in bold type, with line spacing slightly wider than usual.

All the main entries are capitalised, but sub-entries and cross-references are in small capitals to distinguish them from the main entries. This distinction has been retained.

Not all potential links are indicated by "V." or "q.v."; some are indicated by "same as" or "synon.", while others have no specific marking. Where a helpful link can be made, a link has been inserted.

Although the note preceding the entries for the letter 'Y' clearly describes the letter 'yogh', the character used throughout is Ʒ (the 'ezh' or 'Latin long z').

Numerous minor errors in punctuation have been silently corrected. There are also many inconsistencies in punctuation which have been difficult or impossible to resolve, and many undoubtedly remain. Consistency is not a feature of this text. This particularly applies to the etymologies: etymologies are sometimes included with word definitions, separated by a comma or semi-colon, rather than presented in a separate paragraph; also although many commas appear to be missing in the etymologies (especially in the opening sections of the dictionary), none have been inserted.

Spelling has been left unchanged unless a definite typo has ocurred, as it probably reflects spelling of the early 19th century. This includes variant spellings of the same word.

Hyphens were commoner within compound words than they are today, and there is also inconsistency in their use throughout this text. There is also inconsistency in the hyphenation of Latin words, where hyphenation is sometimes, but not always, used to indicate Latin roots or noun/verb endings. Hyphens have been retained unless there is a clear indication that the word should be unhyphenated.

The spelling "Lanerks[hire]" for "Lanarks[hire]" appears to be the accepted spelling for this period, and therefore has been left unchanged.

Five instances of Kings Quair have been corrected to King's Quair.

St (no period) Androis is the normal spelling. The spelling St. Androis appears only once (s.v. INSPRAICH), and has been left unchanged.

The cited source is often abbreviated, through lack of space: for example Doug. for Douglas, Houl. for Houlate. These abbreviations have been left unchanged.

There are also numerous inconsistencies in the abbreviation of recurring phrases, which have been left unchanged. For example Palice of Honour, Palice Honour, Pal. of Hon., Pal. Hon..

In entries where the numbers "1." "2." "3." &c. are clearly missing, they have been inserted.

In the original dictionary, capital E acute looks like Eʹ; e.g. p. 69: BOUNTEʹ, for BOUNTÉ. There is also Aʹ representing Á (in FAʹ and FORSTAʹ). But this has to be distinguished from such phrases as "A' the kit" (p. 226) which is an apostrophe indicating missing letters (usually "ll"): "All the kit".

Only two of the Greek words have accents and breathings. No changes have been made to the presence or absence of accents in any Greek words.

In the phrase "A bursen belch or bilch" (s.v. BELCH) there is a missing closing quotation mark. The precise location of the missing mark is uncertain, and the text has therefore not been changed.

The cross-reference "V. Get" under "GATE, s. Jet." cannot be linked correctly since the only entry for "GET" has nothing to do with "Jet".

The cross-reference to "Skair" for the word "UNTILL, prep. Unto" may be an error, as there is no obvious connection with "UNTILL". However it is impossible to suggest a logical amendment.

The entry "GRAVIN, GRAWYN, Interred." gives a cross-reference to "Graif" but most of the entry for Graif is missing.

The following words exist as cross-references but do not appear in the Dictionary:

Asterne
Bad
Best Aucht
Boytour
Brid
Coles
Doud
Forowth
Hebrun
Hillie-billow
Knacks
Seyne
Talbart
Trentallis
Wayndit

Occasionally the only definition offered for a word is "uncertain" or "not understood". There are also several words for which there is no definition at all (presumably this is accidental). A list of all undefined words appears below:

BAZE
BEDOWIN
BELLIS
BIGS
BLAIDS
BLINNYNG
BORN
CATINE
CLARCHE PIPE
COUBROUN (Uncertain, both as to signification and etymon.)
DGUHARE
DOOR
FAINY (Not understood.)
FIFT
FLIRDON
FLYRIT (Not understood.)
FLURDOM
GLASHIE
GORGÉ (Not understood.)
GRYLLES
HAMMELL (Not understood.)
HEGGERBALD (Not understood.)
HENSEIS (Uncertain.)
HOAS (Not understood.)
KNYPSIT
LAVER
LOT (Uncertain.)
LUTHE (Not understood.)
MAYNDIT
MUSSLING (Uncertain.)
NYCHLIT (Uncertain.)
PAITLATTIS (Uncertain.)
RAY (Uncertain.)
RAKKET (Uncertain.)
REHATOURE (Uncertain.)
RUWITH (Uncertain.)
SEIR (Uncertain.)
SEWANE (Uncertain.)
SLOT (Uncertain.)
SNEITH (Uncertain.)
SPEANLIE (Uncertain.)
TEYND (Uncertain.)
THURCH (Uncertain.)
WERSLETE (Uncertain.)

There follows a list of specific amendments to the text:

s.v. ATTELED: "Sir Gawan and Sir Gal." has been italicised.

s.v. AWSTRENE: "auster us" changed to "auster-us".

s.v. BELD CYTTES: "Treceives it" changed to "receives its".

s.v. BLEACH: "Gl. Shirr." changed to "Gl. Shirr."

s.v. To BLETHER: "stulte" changed to "stultè".

s.v. To BLOCK: "before he begin" changed to "before he begins".

s.v. To BLUSTER: "Bluddeb" changed to "Bludder".

s.v. BRAIS, s. pl.: "fraus" changed to "fraud".

s.v. To BROIGH: "Brothe" changed to "Brothe".

s.v. BUISTY: "Gl. Shirr." changed to "Gl. Shirr."

s.v. BUT: "extra. foras" changed to "extra, foras".

s.v. To BUSK: "butz frauu" changed to "butz frau".

s.v. CHANDLER: "candle-dlestick" changed to "candle-stick".

s.v. CHIEL: "expressive of disrepect" changed to "expressive of disrespect".

s.v. CHILD: "tranferred" changed to "transferred".

s.v. CLEVERUS: "Cleuck" changed to "Cleuch".

s.v. COUPLE: "kupul ty" changed to "kupul-ty".

s.v.To CRAK: "V. Crak" changed to "V. Crack".

s.v. To DRANT: "enunnunciation" changed to "enunciation".

s.v. EITHER: "Ang." has been moved up from the following line, to read "EITHER, Or, Ang."

s.v. FIEL: "Burns" changed to "Burns".

s.v. GALYEARD: "In a spright manner." changed to "In a sprightly manner."

s.v. GRUTTEN: "Romsay" changed to "Ramsay".

s.v. HARRAGE: "land-land" changed to "landlord".

s.v. "HITHER and YONT": anb changed to and.

s.v. JONETTE: "jaulnettv" changed to "jaulnette".

s.v. KILT-RACK: "Kilt" changed to "Kilt".

s.v. KINSCH, KINCH: "S. S." changed to "S."

s.v. To KNAP: "Hamiltoun." changed to "Hamilton."

s.v. LUCK-PENNY: "bargain, S." changed to "bargain, S."

s.v. MAUCHT: "Feeble, S. S." changed to "Feeble, S."

s.v. MERCH: "Hamiltoun." changed to "Hamilton."

s.v. MOSS: "Moss-crops, and Moor-grass" changed to "Moss-crops, and Moor-grass".

s.v. MUSH: "eave-droper" changed to "eave-dropper".

"To EK": changed to "To NEK".

s.v. NOCK: "Gl. Shirr." changed to "Gl. Shirr."

s.v. PADDOCK-HAIR: "s. 2." changed to "s. 1."

s.v. PERJINK: "apper" changed to "appear".

"To QUAT": changed to "To QUAT".

s.v. QUOY: "origiginally" changed to "originally".

s.v. RAITH: "RAITH, RAITH" changed to "RAITH".

s.v. REVE: "Lat. ravus" changed to "Lat. rav-us" (to show stem and ending).

s.v. To ROIP: "V. Ronp" changed to "V. Roup".

s.v. ROUN: "arbour" changed to "Barbour".

s.v. ROW: "To row about" changed to "To Row About".

s.v. SAWTH: "SAWTH, Ʒ p. v." changed to "SAWTH, p. v.".

s.v. SKALLAG: after "SCALLAG" the letter s. has been added in place of an obliterating blob.

s.v. To SOPE: "SOPE SOUP" changed to "SOPE, SOUP"; also after "To become weary", the incomplete phrase "to fa " has been changed to "to faint".

s.v. SOUCYE: "e." changed to "s."

s.v. To SPANYS: "Er. espanouissement" changed to "Fr. espanouissement".

s.v. To SPELL: "spial a" changed to "spial-a".

s.v. TERCE: "Esrkine." changed to "Erskine."

s.v. To TING: "Ting" changed to "TING"; and "To Tinkle, on" changed to "To Tinkle on".

s.v. UNSEL: "infortutunium" changed to "infortunium".

s.v. To WADGE: "To shake in a threating" changed to "To shake in a threatening".

s.v. WRAK: "Pennecuick." changed to "Pennecuik."

My thanks to the proofers and formatters for noting most of these errata and corrigenda.