Nachiketas, story of, 212, 225, 232

Nāgānanda, 362

Nāgarī, 17

Nāgas, 111

Nāgojibhaṭṭa, 431

Naigeya school, 174

Naishadhīya, 330

Nala, episode of, 296–298

Nalodaya, 330, 345

Nārada, 208

Nārada-smṛiti, 429

Narmadā (Nerbudda), 144, 176, 177, 415

Nāsatyau, 61

Nāsik, 26, 175

Nātha, 327

Nature in the drama, 354;
in lyric poetry, 343

Nāṭya-çāstra, 433

Naubandhana, 144

Nāvaprabhraṃçana, 144

Navasāhasānka-charita, 331

Navigation, 143, 167

Nearchos, 19

Neo-Platonists, 422, 423

Nidāna Sūtra, 273

Nigama-pariçishṭa, 275

Nighaṇṭu-çesha, 433

Nīlakaṇṭha, 283, 290

Nirukta of Yāska, 269–270, 273, 281

Nirvāṇa, 395

Nishka, 167

Nītiçataka, 378

Nītiçāstra, 374

Nītimanjarī, 378

Nītisāra, 374

North, Sir Thomas, 418

Northern Buddhists, 26

Nyāya system, 403–405

Nyāya-sūtra, 405

Oldenberg, Professor, 204

One Being, 131

Oral tradition, 122;
its importance in India, 16

Ornaments, 164

Orthodoxy, 386

Oshadhi, 111

Owl, 117

Pada text, 50, 51, 52

Pāda (metrical unit), 55

Padapāṭha, 51, 209

Paddhatis, 271

Padmagupta, 331

Padmapurāṇa, 295

Paippalāda recension of Atharvaveda, 186

Pahlavas, 286

Pāli, 25;
literature, 280, 283, 295, 307, 379;
manuscript, 18

Palm-leaf MSS., 18

Panchaçikha, 393

Panchālas, 156, 157, 175, 285

Pāncharātras, 402

Pancha-siddhāntikā, 435

Panchatantra, 368–373, 377, 378, 381, 382, 384, 419

Panchaviṃça Brāhmaṇa, 203, 210

Pāṇḍus, 216, 283

Panegyrics, 127

Pāṇini, 17, 22, 36, 39, 265, 268, 269, 279, 309, 310, 326, 407, 430, 431, 433

Paṇis, 113, 119, 346

Panjāb, 9, 139, 140, 143, 145, 150, 160, 175, 410, 415

Panjābī dialect, 27

Pantheism, 70, 133, 221

Paper MSS., 18

Parāçara, 262

Parāçara-smṛiti, 429

Paradox, 132

Pāraskara Gṛihya Sūtra, 250, 429

Parchment, 19

Paribhāshendu-çekhara, 431

Pariçishṭas, 186, 270, 274, 275

Parjanya, 74, 91, 92

Parrots, 150

Parsis and Haoma, 146

Parushṇī (Ravi), 140, 154, 155

Pāṭaliputra (Patna), 13, 308, 410, 411, 415, 434

Patanjali, 22, 23, 175, 189, 265, 308, 396, 397, 400, 431

Path of the fathers and of the gods, 117

Pauravas, 410

Pavamāna hymns, 43

Peahens, 150

Peepul tree, 146

Pehlevī, 369, 377, 417

Persians, 7

Personification, 67, 69

Pessimism, 11, 230, 392, 424

Phallus worship, 153

Philosophical poems, 131–138

Philosophy, Greek and Indian, 421–423

Philostratus, 415

Phiṭ-Sūtras, 432

Phonetics, 50, 264–265

Piçāchas, 114

Pigeon, 117

Pilpay, fables of, 417, 418

Pingala, 267

Pippalāda, 240

Pischel, Professor, 361, 432, 434

Pitṛiyāṇa, 224, 225

Plants deified, 111

Plays in inscriptions, 367

Plotinus, 423

Plough deified, 112

Poetical skill in Rigveda, 66

Poetics, 433–434

Political organisation, 158

Popular spells, 185

Porphyry, 423

Porus, 410

Prabodha-chandrodaya, 366, 367

Praçna Upanishad, 240

Pragātha metres, 58

Prajāpati, 77, 101, 102, 132, 133, 136, 137, 181

Prākrit, 22, 23, 25, 310, 322;
accent, 53;
dialects, 27;
in plays, 27, 348, 350;
in lyrics, 344

Prākṛita-prakāça, 432

Prakṛiti, 138, 391

Prakriyā-kaumudī, 432

Prāṇa, 200

Prātiçākhyas, 38, 46, 50, 51, 188, 265, 266

Prauḍha Brāhmaṇa, 210

Pravarādhyāya, 275

Prayogas, 271

Pṛiçni, 89, 109

Priest, domestic, 159, 193, 195

Priesthood, 34, 159, 160

Pṛithivī, 74, 93, 103

Prometheus, Indian, 108

Prose, 187, 202, 203, 207, 278;
oldest, 32;
in drama, 350

Psychology, 392, 404

Ptolemy II., 415

Punishment, future, 116

Purāṇa, 191, 281

Purāṇas, 52, 138, 194, 281, 299–302, 325, 388, 394, 395, 430

Purohita, 193, 195

Purukutsa, 154

Purūravas, 107, 119, 216, 346

Pūrus, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158

Purusha, 132, 133, 137, 222

Purusha hymn, 132, 190

Purushottamadeva, 433

Pūshan, 79–80, 125, 164

Pythagoras, 422

Rāghavapāṇḍavīya, 331

Raghuvaṃça, 301, 325, 26,

Rāhu, 114

Rain, 90

Rain-cloud, 91, 92

Rain-god, 91

Rājaçekhara, 366

Rājatarangiṇī, 430

Rājayoga, 398

Rakshases, 114

Rakshohan (Agni), 97

Rām Charit Mānas, 317

Rāma, 312;
episode of, 295, 301, 306

Rāmachandra, 432

Rāmānanda, 316

Rāmānuja, 316, 402

Rāmāyaṇa, 22, 133, 175, 216, 230, 281, 288, 295, 302–317, 325, 327, 414;
allegorical theory about, 311;
date of, 306–310;
episodes of, 316;
first Kāvya, 306, 311;
language of, 309–310;
main story of, 313–315;
origin of, 304–305;
popularity of, 317;
recensions of, 303;
two parts of, 311;
Vishnuite redaction of, 315–316

Rāmāyaṇa-champū, 304

Rāmāyaṇa-kathāsāra-manjarī, 303

Rāṇāyanīyas, 173

Ratnākara, 330

Ratnāvalī, 361–362

Rātrī, 103, 104

Rāvaṇa, 312

Rāvaṇavadha, 331

Renaissance theory, 323

Rhazes, medical writer, 427

Rhinoplasty, 427

Rhyme, 330, 345

Ṛibhus, 106, 107

Rice, 145

Ṛich, 30

Ṛiçyaçṛinga, legend of, 295

Riddles, 130–131

Riding, 150, 166

Rigveda, 5, 16, 30;
age of, 12, 46, 47;
arrangement of, 40, 41;
character of, 65;
chronological strata in, 45, 46;
nucleus of, 41;
origin of, 40;
recension of, 53;
text of, 47, 48;
various readings in other Vedas, 46;
verses not analysed in Pada text, 51 n.;
family books, 41;
Books I. and VIII., 42;
Book IX., 42–43, 97;
Book X., 43–44

Rigveda Prātiçākhya, 51

Ṛigvidhāna, 274

Ṛiksha (“star” and “bear”), 109

Ṛishis, seven, 109

Ṛita, 67, 75

Ritual, 31;
deities, 65;
text-books, 205

Ṛitusaṃhāra, 3, 337–339

Rivers deified, 92, 93

Roger, Abraham, 1

Rohita, 200, 207

Romaka-siddhānta, 325, 425

Romans, 11

Rosen, F., 4

Roth, Rudolf von, 5, 60, 63, 64, 102, 117, 141, 186

Rückert, 345

Rudra, 72, 74, 89, 91, 105, 164, 178, 181

Rudrabhaṭa, 434

Rudras, 105

Rudraṭa, 421, 434