Asia Minor, priestly dynasties of, i. 140 sq.;

subject to volcanic forces, 190;

subject to earthquakes, 202

Asiatic goddesses of fertility served by eunuch priests, i. 269 sq.

Asopus, the river, i. 81

“A-souling,” custom of, in England, ii. 79

Aspalis, a form of Artemis, i. 292

Assam, the Khasis of, i. 46, ii. 202 sqq.;

the Tangkul Nagas of, ii. 57 sqq.

Assumption of the Virgin and the festival of Diana, i. 308, 309

Assyrian cavalry, i. 25 n. 3

Assyrians in Cilicia, i. 173

the planet Venus her star, ii. 35

—— Aphrodite, i. 304 n.

Asteria, mother of the Tyrian Hercules (Melcarth), i. 112

Astyages, king of the Medes, i. 133 n. 1

Asvattha tree, i. 82

Atargatis, Syrian goddess, i. 34 n. 3, 137;

worshipped at Hierapolis-Bambyce, 162 sq.;

derivation of the name, 162;

her husband-god, 162 sq.

Ates, a Phrygian, i. 286

Athamas, the dynasty of, i. 287

Athanasius, on the mourning for Osiris, ii. 217

'Atheh, Cilician goddess, i. 162

Athena, temple of, at Salamis in Cyprus, i. 145;

and hot springs, 209, 210

——, Magarsian, a Cilician goddess, i. 169 n. 3

—— Sciras, sanctuary of, ii. 238

Athenian boys, race of, at the vintage, ii. 238;

boy carrying an olive-branch in procession, 238

Athenians, their superstition as to an eclipse of the moon, ii. 141

Athens, sacred serpent at, i. 87;

the Commemoration of the Dead at, 234;

sacrifice of an ox at, 296 sq.;

marriage custom at, ii. 245

Athribis, heart of Osiris at, ii. 11

Athyr, Egyptian month, ii. 8, 41, 49 n. 1;

Osiris murdered on the seventeenth day of, 8, 84;

festival of Osiris in the month of, 84 sqq., 91

Atonga, tribe of Lake Nyassa, their theory of earthquakes, i. 199

Attica, summer festival of Adonis in, i. 226

Attis, priests of Cybele called, i. 140;

sometimes identified with Adonis, 263;

myth and ritual of, 263 sqq.;

beloved by Cybele, 263, 282;

legends of his death, 264;

his legend at Pessinus, 264;

his self-mutilation, 264 sq.;

and the pine-tree, 264, 265, 267, 271, 277 sq., 285, ii. 98 n. 5;

his eunuch priests, i. 265, 266;

festival of his death and resurrection in March, 267 sqq., 272 sq., 307 sq.;

violets sprung from the blood of, 267;

the mourning for, 272;

bath of bull's blood in the rites of, 274 sqq.;

mysteries of, 274 sq.;

as a god of vegetation, 277 sqq., 279;

as the Father God, 281 sqq.;

identified with Zeus, 282;

as a sky-god, 282 sqq.;

emasculation of, suggested explanation of myth, 283;

his star-spangled cap, 284;

identified with Phrygian moon-god Men Tyrannus, 284;

human representatives of, 285 sqq.;

title borne by priests of Cybele, 285, 287

——, Adonis, Osiris, their mythical similarity, i. 6, ii. 201

Atys, son of Croesus, his death, i. 286;

early king of Lydia, 286

Aubrey, John, on soul-cakes, ii. 78

Augustine on the effeminate priests of the Great Mother, i. 298;

on the heathen origin of Christmas, 305;

on the discovery of corn by Isis, ii. 116;

on Salacia as the wife of Neptune, 233

Augustodunum (Autun), worship of Cybele at, i. 279

Augustus reputed a son of Apollo, i. 81

Aulus Gellius on the influence of the moon, ii. 132

Aun, or On, King of Sweden, sacrifices his sons to Odin, ii. 220

Aunis, feast of All Souls in, ii. 69 sq.

Aurelia Aemilia, a sacred harlot, i. 38

Aurohuacas, Indians of Colombia, i. 23 n. 2

Aust, E., on the marriage of the Roman gods, ii. 236 n. 1

Australia, belief as to the reincarnation of the dead in, i. 99 sqq.

Australian aborigines, their preparation for marriage, i. 60;

their belief in conception without sexual intercourse, 99 sqq.;

their cuttings for the dead, 268

Austria, leaping over Midsummer fires in, i. 251

“Awakening of Hercules,” festival at Tyre, i. 111

Awemba, Bantu tribe of Rhodesia, ii. 174;

their worship of ancestral spirits, 175;

their prayers to dead kings before going to war, 191 sq.

Axe, emblem of Hittite god of thundering sky, i. 134;

as divine emblem, 163;

symbol of Asiatic thunder-god, 183

——, double-headed, symbol of Sandan, i. 127;

carried by Lydian kings, 182;

a palladium of the Heraclid sovereignty, 182;

figured on coins, 183 n.

Ba-bwende, a tribe of the Congo, i. 271 n.

Ba-sundi, a tribe of the Congo, i. 271 n.

Baal, Semitic god, i. 15, 16;

royal names compounded with, 16;

as the god of fertility, 26 sq.;

conceived as god who fertilizes land by subterranean water, 159

—— and Sandan at Tarsus, i. 142 sq., 161

—— of the Lebanon, i. 32

—— of Tarsus, i. 117 sqq., 162 sq.

Baalath or Astarte, i. 26, 34

—— and Baal, i. 27

—— Gebal, i. 14

Baalbec, i. 28;

sacred prostitution at, 37;

image of Hadad at, 163

Baalim, firstlings and first-fruits offered to the, i. 27;

called lovers, 75 n.

Babylon, early kings of, worshipped as gods, i. 15;

worship of Mylitta at, 36;

religious prostitution at, 58;

human wives of Marduk at, 71;

sanctuary of Serapis at, ii. 119 n.

Babylonia, worship of Tammuz in, i. 6 sqq.;

the moon-god took precedence of the sun-god in ancient, ii. 138 sq.

Babylonian hymns to Tammuz, i. 9

Bacchanals tear Pentheus in pieces, ii. 98

Bacchic orgies suppressed by Roman government, i. 301 n. 2

Bacchylides as to Croesus on the pyre, i. 175 sq.

Backbone of Osiris represented by the ded pillar, ii. 108 sq.

Baden, feast of All Souls in, ii. 74

Baethgen, F., on goddess 'Hatheh, i. 162 n. 2

their presentation of infants to the new moon, ii. 144, 145;

ceremony observed by the king at new moon, 147;

their worship of dead kings, 167 sqq.;

their veneration for the ghosts of dead relations, 191 n. 1;

their pantheon, 196;

human sacrifices offered to prolong the life of their kings, 223 sqq.

Bagishu (Bageshu) of Mount Elgon, reincarnation of the dead among the, i. 92

Bagobos of the Philippine Islands, their theory of earthquakes, i. 200;

of Mindanao, their custom of hanging and spearing human victims, 290 sq.

Baharutsis, a Bantu tribe of South Africa, ii. 179

Bahima, their belief as to dead kings and chiefs, i. 83 n. 1

—— of Ankole in Central Africa, their worship of the dead, ii. 190 sq.;

their belief in a supreme god Lugaba, 190

—— of Kiziba, ii. 173

Baigas, Dravidian tribe of India, their objection to agriculture, i. 89

Bailly, French astronomer, on the Arctic origin of the rites of Adonis, i. 229

Bairu, the, of Kiziba, ii. 173

Baku, on the Caspian, perpetual fires at, i. 192

Balinese, their conduct in an earthquake, i. 198

Baloi, witches and wizards, ii. 104

Banana, women impregnated by the flower of the, i. 93

Bangalas of the Congo, rebirth of dead among the, i. 92. See also Boloki

Bantu tribes, their belief in serpents as reincarnations of the dead, i. 82 sqq.;

their worship of ancestral spirits, ii. 174 sqq.;

their main practical religion a worship of ancestors, 176 sqq.;

their worship of the dead, 176 sqq., 191 sqq.

Banyoro, their worship of serpents, i. 86 n. 1

Baptism of bull's blood in the rites of Cybele, i. 274 sqq.

Bar-rekub, king of Samal, i. 15 sq.

Baralongs, a Bantu tribe of South Africa, ii. 179

Barea and Kunama, their annual festival of the dead, ii. 66

Barley forced for festival, i. 240, 241, 242, 244, 251 sq.

—— and wheat discovered by Isis, ii. 116

Barotse, a Bantu tribe of the Zambesi, their belief in a supreme god Niambe, ii. 193;

their worship of dead kings, 194 sq.

Barren women resort to graves in order to get children, i. 90;

entice souls of dead children to them, 94

Barrows of Halfdan, ii. 100