Theodatus, supported by the Jews, 31.

Theodoric, attitude of, towards the Jews, 29 f.

Theodosius II, 26.
laws of, against the Jews, 10, 28 f., 171.

Thomas à Becket, kindles fanaticism against the Jews, 409.

Tiberias, Jews of, driven out by Omar, 87.
school of, 12.

Tiberius, emperor, 18.

Tiflisites, Karaite sect, 158.

Tithe, paid by Jews, 499, 516, 518, 582.

Toledo, 384.
center of Jewish learning, 361.
confession signed by the Jews of, 103 f.
conquered by Alfonso VI, 294 f.
Council of, passes decrees against secret Jews, 49 ff., 102.
culture of the Jews of, 386.
delivered by the Jews to the Mahometans, 109.
Jewish congregation of, at the head of Spain, 537.
number of Jews in, 384.
riot against the Jews of, 386.
Talmudic school of, 362.

Torah, distinguishing character of, 484 f.

Tossafists, 344–6, 403 f., 408, 470.
last, 587.
method of, 344.
one-sidedness of, 529.

"Tossafoth," old, 404.

Toulouse, Jews of, 399 f.
indignities suffered by, 174.

Tovey on the Jews, 642.

Treves during the crusades, 300.

Troyes, rabbinical synod of, 378.

Tudela, Jews of, obtain equal rights with the Christians, 388.

Tuster. See Susa.

Ubaid-Allah Ibn-Suleiman, vizir, favors the Jews, 183.
founder of the Fatimide dynasty, 180 f.

Unitarians among Mahometans, 358.

Usury of Jews and Christians, 399, 401, 510, 571, 642.

Vandals conquered by Belisarius, 26.

Vannes, Council of, forbids the clergy to attend Jewish banquets, 36.

Venantius Fortunatus, 39.

Vessels of the Temple transported from Carthage to Constantinople and Jerusalem, 26 f.

Vienna, Council of, degrades the Jews, 611 f.
Jews of, excluded from offices, 635.

Visigoths:
constitution of, 47.
treatment of Jews by, 44 f., 101.

Vizirs, Jewish, 256 ff., 274, 280, 312.

Vowel-points, introduction of, 7, 112, 207.

Wadil-Kora (Arabia), Jews of, 55 f.
driven out by Omar, 85.

Walid I, 110.

Walter, archbishop of Sens, intercedes in behalf of the Jews and the Talmud, 578.

Walter von der Vogelweide, 420.

Wamba, king of the Visigoths, deposed, 104–6.

Waraka Ibn-Naufal and Mahomet, 71.

Wecelinus, convert to Judaism, 245 f.

Werner, archbishop of Mayence, protects the Jews, 636.

William II, of Sicily, favorable to the Jews, 422 f.

William the Conqueror, imposes restrictions on the Jews, 294.

Wimpfen, ransoms the body of Meïr of Rothenburg, 640.

Witiga, king of the Visigoths, 109.

Wolfram of Eschenbach, 420.

Worms, during the crusades, 301.
Jews of, favored by Henry IV, 293.

Wratislaw, ruler of Bohemia, extorts money from the Jews, 307 f.

Würzburg, Jewish martyrs of, 354.

Xeres, battle of, 109.

Yathrib (Medina), seat of Jewish learning, 59.

Yechiel of Paris, disputation of, with Nicholas Donin, 576 f., 598 f.
emigrates to Palestine, 587.
head of the Talmudic school of Paris, 586.

Yechiel ben Abraham, financier of pope Alexander III, 421.

"Yekum Purkan," 95.

Yekutiel Ibn-Hassan, head of the Jews in Saragossa, 266.
friend of Gebirol, 266.
killed, 266.

Yemen, benevolence of the Jews of, 436.
Maimonides' letter to, 462–4.

Yezid I, 110.

Yishaï ben Chiskiyah, exilarch of Damascus, defends Maimonides, 627, 632.

Yizchaki ben Yasus, Biblical critic, 273.

Yizchaki Solomon. See Rashi.

Yom Tob of Joigny, 414.

York, Jews of, exterminated, 413–16.

Zaccaï ben Achunaï, exilarch, 137.

Zainab, Jewess, captured by Mahomet, 83 f.

Zedekiah, Jewish physician to Charles the Bald, 170.

Zendik, 2.

Zenki, father of Nureddin, 429.

Zeno, emperor, hatred of, against the Jews, 10 f.

Ziadeth-Allah, Aghlabite prince, 180.

Zorah Yussuf, Jewish king in Arabia, 64.
intolerance of, 65.