Plate XIX. fig. 1. 2.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Papilionidæ, Leach.
Genus. Papilio, Auct.
Papilio Palamedes. Alis dentatis nigris, fasciâ maculari maculisque marginalibus flavis; posticis caudatis, his subtùs ad basin vittâ albâ transversâ rectâ lunulisque rufis. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc.)
Syn. Papilio (Eq. Achiv.) Palamedes, Drury, App. v. 2. (1773). Cramer, pl. 93. fig. A. B.
Pap. (Eq. Ach.) Calchas, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 453. No. 44. (1775). Ent. Syst. 3. 1. p. 30. No. 90. Herbst. Pap. tab. 42. Boisduval, Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. 337. No. 178. Bdv. et Leconte, Icon. Lep. Amer. Sept. pl. 5.
Habitat: Carolina (Drury). Georgia, Virginia (Bdv.).
Upper Side. Head, back, and abdomen dark brown; the latter striped on the sides with yellow. Two yellow lines, beginning at the palpi, encircle the eyes, and, running along the shoulders, end at the base of the inferior wings. Anterior wings brownish black; the external margin with small yellow crescents, above which are nine yellow round spots. Above this is another irregular row of yellow angular spots. Posterior wings brownish black, each with a tail. Above it are six yellow spots, reaching from the anal to the upper corner, with five small blue spots above them, above which a yellow irregular bar runs across the middle of the wing, having a black spot, whose upper edge is verged with blue, placed at the anal angle, with a small tinge of orange above and below it.
Under Side. Breast and thighs yellow. Abdomen striped with yellow and dark brown. Anterior wings brownish black, with the same yellow spots and marks as on the upper side. Posterior wings brownish black, with six yellow spots near the external edge, having a mark of orange in the middle of each, above which is a row of orange crescents joined together, whose upper edges are silver, and below each of them is a black circular spot, whose inner part is a fine shining blue, from whence appears a great number of powder-like gray spots. The anterior edge next the shoulders, has a small orange streak, near which an orange-coloured line begins, running parallel with the abdomen.
The caterpillar is described by Boisduval as living upon several species of Laurus, and of a green colour, with pale blue spots, and scarlet belly and legs, with a scarlet eye-shaped spot on each side of the third segment. The chrysalis is gibbous, ferruginous on the back, with the belly rose-coloured, and four rows of pale blue dots. I have reverted to Drury's specific name, which has certainly the priority, as appears from the dates which I have introduced amongst the synonyms. Dr. Boisduval has given another species of this genus under the name of Palamedes, described by Fabricius under that name, but considered by him to be a Nymphalis. This latter species must consequently receive a new denomination.
Plate XIX. fig. 3. 4.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Nymphalidæ, Swains.
Genus. Melitæa, Fabr. Argynnis, Latr. God. Papilio (Pleb. rur.), Drury.
Melitæa Pelops. Alis subrotundatis, integerrimis, suprà fulvis nigro reticulatis; posticis subtùs carneis fusco undatis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc.)
Syn. Papilio (Pleb. rur.) Pelops, Drury, App. v. 2.
Argynnis Pelopsa, Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 290. No. 62.
Habitat: St. Christopher's (Drury).
Upper Side. Thorax and abdomen brown, the latter spotted with faint brown orange. Wings black, with several rows of large brown orange spots, crossing the wings, of different shapes and sizes.
Under Side. Anterior wings orange brown, spotted with black, having the appearance of indented lines running across them. Posterior wings dark flesh-coloured, marked and spotted with brown, and having five minute silver spots at equal distances, parallel with the external edge. The wings are entire.
Plate XIX. fig. 5. 6.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Hesperiidæ, Steph.
Genus. Hesperia, Latr. Godart. Battus, p. Scop. Papilio (Pl. ruric), Linn.
Hesperia Arcas. Alis nigricantibus immaculatis, margine integro, anticis subtùs margine interno dilutiore maculâ parvâ unicâ albâ. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.)
Syn. Papilio (Pleb. ruric.) Arcas, Drury. App. v. 2.
Papilio (Pl. urb.) Philemon, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 534. No. 392. Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 346. No. 314.
Hesperia Ph. Latr. God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 788.
Papilio Flyas, Cram. pl. 328. E.
Habitat: St. Christopher's.
Upper Side. Thorax and abdomen black. Wings very dark brownish black, immaculate. Margins entire.
Under Side. Legs, breast, and abdomen dark brown, but rather lighter than on the upper side, immaculate, except a small white spot on the anterior, placed near the anterior edge towards the tip.
Plate XX. fig. 1. 2.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna, Family: Noctuidæ, Steph.
Genus. Erebus, Latrielle. Thysania, Dalman. Noctua, Fabr. Phalæna (Attacus), Linn.
Erebus Crepuscularis? Alis griseis, fasciâ maculisque albis, anticis ocello fusco, posticis fasciis duabus dentatis fuscis fulvo marginatis. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 3 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Attacus) Crepuscularis? Linn. S. N. 2. 811. No. 13. Drury, App. v. 2. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 8. 255. 19.
Habitat: China (Drury). America (Linn.).
Upper Side. Antennæ setaceous. Palpi standing erect above the head. Tongue spiral. Neck with a narrow ring of white. Thorax dark brown. Abdomen dirty buff colour. Anterior wings dark nut brown at the base; paler at the external margin. On the anterior margin, next the tip, is a white subtriangular spot; and from the middle arises a white bar, which runs obliquely to the middle of the wing, but suddenly turns and runs to the base of the posterior margin; from the inner angle of this bar, near the middle of the wing, a black line runs towards the front of the wing, forming a large eye. Within the external margin are many dark and white marks. All the wings are scolloped. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, are of a dirty buff colour; remainder nut brown, separated by a narrow line of darker brown, beneath which runs a small narrow line of buff, and a quarter of an inch below this is another line, crossing the wing. From thence, to the external edge, are several darker coloured clouds, and white marks of different shapes and forms; particularly a white angular spot on the anterior edge, near the corner.
Under Side. All the wings of a pale clay colour, inclining to buff. On the anterior, the two white spots at the tips, visible on the upper side, appear here also; and several smaller ones on other parts of the wings. The white bar being less distinct than the other white marks; but on the posterior wings the white angular spot, near the upper corner, is very plain and strong.
The diversity of the habitats, given by Drury and Linnæus, render it doubtful whether that figured by the former be identical with that described by the latter.
Plate XX. fig. 3.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Noctuidæ.
Genus. Noctua, Auct. Subgenus.—?
Noctua Lunata. Alis fuscis, strigis multis transversis; anticis maculâ centrali, alterâ angulatâ apicali, fasciâque obliquâ posticâ nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Noctua) Lunata, Drury, App. v. 3.
Habitat: Carolina, Virginia.
Upper Side. The antennæ light brown and setaceous. The tongue spiral. Palpi not very hairy. The head, thorax, abdomen, and wings hazel-coloured. Anterior wings with a waved line, of a dark brown colour, placed near the anterior angle, beginning at the posterior and ending at the external edge. At the shoulders, and along the anterior margin, are several small dark brown clouds and marks, that produce a darker shade. Posterior wings with a series of narrow transverse waved lines, extending from the middle to the external edges. All the wings are dentated.
Under Side. The breast, abdomen, and wings are all of a paler hazel colour. Anterior wings dappled with dark brown on the middle of the anterior edge, and spotted with minute short brown streaks, as well as the posterior.
Plate XX. fig. 4.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Geometridæ, Steph.
Genus. Geometra. Subg. Angerona, Duponch, Steph. Hipparchus p. Leach. Curt.
Geom. (Angerona) Serrata. Alis luteo-fulvis dentatis, fasciâ latâ apicali maculâ basali anticarum fasciâque basali posticarum ferrugineis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin)
Syn. Phal. (Noctua) Serrata, Drury, App. v. 2.
Habitat: New York; taken on the 26th of June.
Upper Side. Antennæ and head of a reddish buff colour, the former setaceous. Tongue very small and spiral. Thorax and abdomen yellow buff colour; as are all the wings in general. The anterior having a bar of brown red colour, which begins at the tips, and runs across the wings, almost to the middle of the posterior edge; occupying all that space along the external margin. At the base is a small cloud of the same colour, but much fainter. Posterior wings with a broad marginal bar of the same brown red. A small faint line likewise crosses these wings. The buff ground is sprinkled all over with faint, irregular, dark brown spots, that in some specimens are scarcely visible. All the wings are dentated; the lower ones most deeply.
Under Side. Wings yellow buff, with brown red markings, as on the upper side, but less distinct. The irroration stronger and plainer, being also sprinkled over the brown bars.
Plate XXI. fig. 1. 2.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Nymphalidæ, Swains.
Genus. Argynnis, Fabr. Latr. et Godart. Argyreus, Scop. Dryades, Hubn.
Argynnis Phalanta. Alis subdentatis, fulvis nigro maculatis, posticis subtus ad extimum argenteo-purpurascentibus, ocellis aliquot fulvis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc.)
Syn. Papilio (Nymph. Phal.) Phalanta, Drury, App. v. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 149. Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 259. Papilio Culumbina, Cram. pl. 337. D. E. (♂) pl. 238. A. B. (♀).
Habitat: China (Drury). East Indies (Fabricius, &c.). Isle Mauritius (I. O. W.).
Upper Side. Thorax and abdomen of a dirty clay colour. Anterior wings of a fine deep clay colour, the tips being of a dirty black; which colour is continued, by irregular and indented marks, along the external edges, almost to the interior angle, where are several clay-coloured spots and marks. Above these are four round spots, running obliquely toward the shoulders. Several other black marks are dispersed on different parts of the wings, particularly near the anterior edges. Posterior wings deep clay-coloured, with two black waved or indented lines, running along the external margin. Over these are four small, round, black spots, placed two and two. Above these, nearer the shoulders, are several small, black, oblong spots, placed irregularly. The wings, particularly the posterior pair, are a little dentated.
Under Side. Anterior wings, at the base and along the posterior edges, clay-coloured. Near the interior angle of each wing is a round black spot; several others which are very small, oblong, and fainter, being scattered about on different parts. Posterior wings, at the base, fainter clay-coloured. About half the wings, from the external edges, are of a blueish clay colour, which is separated from the other part by a faint waved line of a reddish hue. Two other faint waved lines also run along the external edges, answering to the black ones on the upper side; and the four black spots seen there are very small on this side, being but just perceptible.
Plate XXI. fig. 3. 4.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Nymphalidæ, Sw.
Genus. Melitæa, Fabr. Argynnis, Latr. et God. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.), Drury.
Melitæa Phaeton. Alis subrotundatis integerrimis, nigris, singularum extimo suprà, paginâ omni subtùs fulvo flavoque maculatis. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. 9 lin. fere.)
Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Phaeton, Drury, App. v. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 46. No. 140. Cramer, pl. 193. f. C. D. Argynnis Phaetontea, Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 288. Boisduv. Hist. nat. Lep. pl. 7. B. f. 3.
Habitat: New York; taken in June and September, whence there are probably two broods in the year.
Upper Side. Body and wings black. The anterior pair of the latter with nine red spots placed near the external edges; above which are two rows of spots, of a lemon colour, with some other small ones placed near the upper edges. Posterior wings with eight red triangular spots, placed close to the external edges. Above these is a row of lemon-coloured crescents; and above that is another row of lemon-coloured round spots. The wings are entire.
Under Side. Anterior wings black, with a red indented margin; within the external edge is a row of lemon-coloured crescents. Near the costa, about the middle of each wing, are two larger red spots, and a smaller one at the corner, next the shoulders. The remainder of the wings is sprinkled with lemon-coloured spots, of different shapes and sizes, in all about twenty-six on each. Posterior wings black, having their external edges margined with triangular red spots; above which is a row of lemon-coloured crescents; and over these is a row of round lemon-coloured spots. The remaining part of the wings is covered with lemon-coloured and red spots; the former very small, and the latter rather large, and angularly shaped.
Plate XXI. fig. 5. 6.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Nymphalidæ, Sw.
Genus. Melitæa, Fabr. Argynnis, Latr. et God. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Drury.
Melitæa Tharos. Alis subrotundatis integerrimis, supra fulvis, lineis plurimis transversis limboque communi nigris, posticis utrinque ad extimum strigâ punctorum nigrorum. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 6 lin. fere.)
Syn. Papilio (Dan. Festiv.) Tharos, Drury, App. v. 2. Cramer, pl. 169. fig. E. F.
Argynnis Tharossa, Latr. et God. Encycl. Méth. ix. p. 289. No. 61.
Habitat: New York.
Upper Side. Head, body, and abdomen dark brown. Anterior wings varied with dark brown and orange; in some the dark brown occupying the greater part of the wings, in others the orange colour is predominant; but the tips and external edges in all are dark brown; in some two ocelli are seen close to the anterior edge, and near the lower corner; but in others these ocelli are not to be discovered. Posterior wings dark brown and orange. Round the edge is a waved dark border, through which a small waved white line, runs from the anal angle about half way; above this are placed, in a row, five round ocelli, and one oblong, next the anal angle; the pupils being black, and the irides orange colour. Above these is a broad orange-coloured band, and next the body the wings are dark brown. All the wings are entire.
Under Side. Anterior wings, at the base, deep clay-coloured, with some dark brown clouds on the anterior edges and interior angles; but in some these clouds are hardly perceptible. In some a small scolloped line runs along the external edges, from the tips to the lower corners, of a reddish hue; in others this is not to be seen, having a dark brown border in that part. Posterior wings very pale clay-coloured, with a cloud on the middle of the external edges, of a reddish brown; where (in some) is a silver spot like a half moon. The black pupils of the six ocelli, seen on the upper side, are, in some specimens, very small here, and just perceptible; in others they are not to be seen. "In short, nature forms such a variety of this species, that it is difficult to set bounds, or to know all that belongs to it."—Drury.
Plate XXII. fig. 1. 2.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Papilionidæ, Leach.
Genus: Papilio, Auct.
Papilio Thoas. Alis suprà nigris, fasciâ communi lunulisque submarginalibus flavis, posticis caudatis, his subtus maculâ discoidali ferrugineâ lunulisque cœruleis. (Expans. Alar. 4 unc. 9 lin.)
Syn. Papilio (Equ. Ach.) Thoas, Linn. Mant. p. 536. Fabr. Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 32. No. 94. Cramer, pl. 167. fig. A. B. Latr. et God. Enc. Méth. ix. p. 62. 103. Boisduval et Leconte Icon. Lep. Amer. Sept. pl. 12. et 13. Boisd. H. n. Lep. 1. p. 355.
Var. Pap. Cresphontes, Cramer, 165, 166, A.
Habitat: Surinam (Drury). Paraguay to Georgia (Boisd.).
Upper Side. Thorax black. Two small yellow streaks extend from the eyes to the shoulders. Abdomen yellow, with a black dorsal line; apex red brown. Wings black, with deep yellow spots on them. A yellow bar, near half an inch broad, begins at the middle of the superior wings, and running parallel with the anterior edges, crosses the inferior ones just below the shoulders. Several oval and oblong yellow spots are placed between the tips and this bar. One also is situated close above it, near the middle of the wing; being separated from it by the tendon, which is black. Below the bar are four small spots, beginning at the interior angle (the first being double). Posterior wings furnished with two black tails, having a long yellow stripe in the middle. About a quarter of an inch above the external edge is a row of six yellow spots, whereof one is obscured by the anterior wing; there being but five shewn in the plate.
Under Side. The breast is ash colour. Anterior wings partly soot colour, but principally yellow. A row of eight yellow spots is situated within the external margin, and the yellow bar, observable on the upper side, is not to be distinguished on this. Several small yellow lines rise at the shoulders, and expanding like the sticks of a fan, occupy almost the chief membrane of the wing. Between these, and the row of eight spots, are two large yellow patches, which nearly take up that middle space, with black tendons crossing them like fine threads. Posterior wings, next the shoulders, yellow, continuing to about the middle of the wings. External margin soot-coloured; having a broad bar of yellow above it, whose upper side resembles a row of arches. Above this is an irregular black bar, running from the anterior edges, across the wings, with two small scarlet streaks at the anal angles. On this bar is a row of blue crescents, answering to and placed just above the arch-like bar before-mentioned; and in the centre is a faint mark of scarlet.
The caterpillar of this butterfly feeds upon the orange-trees, from Paraguay to Georgia. Its back is covered with large irregular white spots, with brown marks, which extend along the middle and posterior parts of the body. The chrysalis is of a bright brown, with several black dots.
Plate XXII. fig. 3. 4.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Papilionidæ, Leach.
Genus. Papilio, Auct.
Papilio Sinon. Alis nigris, fasciis communibus virescenti-albis, posticis lunulis sex submarginalibus virescenti-albis anguloque ani rubro. (Expans. Alar. 3 unc. fere.)
Syn. Papilio Sinon, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 452. Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 26. 75. Cramer, tab. 317. fig. C. D. E. F. Ency. Méth. ix. p. 53. Boisduv. Hist. Nat. Lep. 1. p. 260.
Papilio (Eq. Achiv.) Protesilaus, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Habitat: Jamaica (Drury). Florida, Cuba (Boisduv.). North America (Enc. Méth.).
Upper Side. The thorax black; the hair thereof greenish. Abdomen black. All the wings black; posterior ones being furnished with two tails, edged with white. Close to the shoulders, in the anterior wings, rises a stripe of sea-green, which crosses the inferior ones; and, running parallel with the abdominal margin, ends near the extremity of the body. A little below this is a small scarlet spot, placed near the anal angle; with two smaller spots, of a green colour, below it. At a little distance from the shoulders, a second green stripe, rather broader than the first, begins at the posterior edge of the anterior wings, and crosses the inferior ones, parallel with the first, being continued a little lower. On the anterior wings, about the middle of the anterior edge, rises a bar, of a fine sea-green colour, which crossing both wings, terminates at the middle of the posterior, being narrowest at each end. A row of eight white spots runs parallel with the external edge, ending at the lower corner. Near the external edges of the posterior wings is placed a row of five crescents, of a green colour.
Under Side. Breast and abdomen grey-coloured. Anterior wings light chesnut, having a darker cloud near the anterior angle. All the green spots and marks, seen on the upper side, are also visible here. The ground of the posterior wings is rather paler than the anterior; and the green marks and stripes are rather larger here, than on the upper side. The scarlet spot, on the abdominal edge, is considerably larger on this side. A scarlet stripe also begins on the anterior edge, and fills completely the space between the broad green bar and the second stripe, mentioned above, extending as low as the extremity of the body. The two scollops, next the abdominal corner, are black; whereon appear a few blue powder-like specks.
M. Boisduval states that Drury's figure is "peu exacte." It is true, indeed, that the figure does not agree with the description given by that author, who describes the fourth pale fascia as "bifide dans la cellule discoidale des premières ailes." The exact uniformity in the shape of this fascia, in both of Drury's figures, renders its correctness evident, and consequently the insect figured by Drury must be regarded as a variety of the species described by Boisduval.
Plate XXIII. fig. 1.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Noctuidæ.
Genus. Noctua, Auct.
Noctua Melicerta. Alis anticis variegatis, posticis nigris, fasciâ maculisque tribus marginalibus albis. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Noctua) Melicerta, Drury, Append. v. 2. Cramer, tab. 62. fig. C. D.?
Noctua mercatoria, Fab. Ent. Syst. III. 2. p. 62. No. 175.? Gmelin, Linn., S. N. 2544. 1039.
Noctua tigrina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. III. 2. p. 40. No. 105. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 8. 277. 131.
Noctua vulpina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. III. 2. p. 39. No. 102.
Phalæna Melicene, Cram. tab. 323. fig. C. D.
Habitat: India, Bombay (Drury).
Upper Side. Antennæ filiform. Tongue small and spiral. Thorax and abdomen light brown. Anterior wings light greyish brown, and, when held in some particular directions, having a hue like mother-of-pearl. Several irregular bars, of a deeper brown, cross the wings, and the external margin is bordered with pale purple or pearl colour. Posterior wings dark liver-coloured, grey-brown at the base, and hairy. In the middle is a broad bar, of purplish white, running across the wing. On the external edge are three white square spots. The anterior wings are a little dentated; the inferior ones entire.
Under Side. Palpi remarkably long and pointed. Anterior wings dark brown; the external edge being purplish grey, with a whitish separated bar, running from the middle of the anterior edge to the interior angle. Posterior wings light greyish brown, palest at the base, and grey at the external edge, having a dark spot at the anal angle, and a smaller faint one near the shoulders; with several indented lines crossing the wings in different places.
Fabricius appears to have described this insect in his Entomologia Systematica, under three different names. It probably forms the type of a distinct subgenus in the family Noctuidæ.
Plate XXIII. fig. 2.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Noctuidæ, Steph.
Genus. Catocala, Schrank. Blephara, Hübn. Phalæna (Noctua), Linn.
Catocala Epione. Alis anticis fuscis, strigis transversis dentatis ferrugineis et atris, posticis nigris, ciliâ albâ. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 6 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Noctua) Epione, Drury, App. vol. 2. Oliv. Encycl. Méthod. 8. 288. No. 190.
Habitat: New York (Drury). Philadelphia (I. O. W.).
Upper Side. Thorax and abdomen of a sooty ash colour. Anterior wings dark chocolate, with an undulated ferruginous line, running from the anterior edge to the posterior, and near the middle of the wings; with several other lighter not very distinct marks thereon. Posterior wings black; cilia white.
Under Side. Anterior wings, at the base, dark ash colour, which as it extends further on the wings, becomes black; and next the tips is soot-coloured. Seven white spots run along the external margin. Above them is a white line, running from the anterior edge, narrowing as it goes, and ending near the posterior; between which and the shoulders is a rather large oblong white spot. Posterior wings, next the shoulders and abdominal edges, very dark ash colour, which deepens along the wings to black; cilia white. A faint white streak runs also a little way down the wing from the anterior margin. All the wings are a little dentated.
Plate XXIII. fig. 3.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Noctuidæ.
Genus. Noctua, Auct.
Noctua Pales. Alis luteis, anticis strigâ transversâ punctoque apicali fuscis. (Expans. Alar. 1 unc. 9 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Noctua) Pales, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Habitat: St. Christopher's.
Upper Side. Antennæ filiform. Tongue spiral. Head small. Thorax, abdomen, and wings light orange clay-coloured, without any markings, except on the anterior wings, where a faintish bar crosses the middle; and, near the tips of the wings, is a small dark spot. The wings are entire.
Under Side. The same colour as the upper, immaculate.
Plate XXIII. fig. 4.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Arctiidæ.
Genus. Callimorpha? Latr. Sphinx p. Drury.
Callimorpha? Vinosa. Alis nigris subdiaphanis, anticarum marginibus anticis et posticis rufo fulvis maculâ magnâ externâ (in medio albâ margine nigro); posticis fasciâ submarginali rufo-fulvâ. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. fere.)
Syn. Sphinx Vinosa, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Habitat: Antigua.
Upper Side. The antennæ are black, small, and pectinated. The tongue not discoverable. Thorax and base of abdomen yellow orange; the remainder of the abdomen rusty grey, with a black stripe down the top of it. Anterior wings black and transparent, like gauze; the anterior and posterior margins bordered with orange. The tips of the wings are likewise broadly orange, through the middle of which runs a broad bar of white, from the anterior to the middle of the external edge, where it is narrowest, being edged with black. Posterior wings black, and like gauze; the external edge having a narrow orange stripe running from the anal margin, half way to the exterior angle. The wings are entire.
Under Side. The abdomen is grey, with a black line running from the thorax to the tail. Anterior wings not edged with orange; the tips are black, where the white bar is plainly seen, having an orange spot on the edge, near the external and lower corners. Posterior wings as on the upper side.
This insect seems to form the type of a distinct subgenus between Nudaria and Callimorpha.
Plate XXIII. fig. 5.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Diurna. Family: Noctuidæ.
Genus. Noctua, Auct.
Noctua Numeria. Alis fuscis, anticis vittâ longitudinali albâ, anticè strigis undulatis transversis; posticis maculâ externâ albâ. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc. 3 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Noctua) Numeria, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Habitat: Jamaica.
Upper Side. Antennæ filiform. Tongue spiral. Head, thorax, and abdomen fine brown. Anterior wings fine brown, through the middle of which runs a small longitudinal bar of white or pearl, beginning just below the shoulders, and losing itself just below the tips. Above this bar the wings are watered with various marks of dark and light brown. Behind it they are of a darker shade, except a spot near the middle of a yellowish brown. Posterior wings dark brown, with two white marks on the edges, about a third of an inch long; beginning on the anterior edge, and crossing the corner to the external edge.
Under Side. Breast, legs, abdomen, and wings greyish brown or russet, with some faint, dark indented lines running across all the wings in different parts. The white marks on the edges of the posterior wings are very visible on this side. The wings are entire.
Plate XXIII. fig. 6.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Noctuidæ.
Genus. Catocala, Schr. Blephara, Hübn. Phalæna (Noctua), Linn.
Catocala Affinis. Alis anticis fuscis maculis ordinariis discoidalibus strigisque dentatis obscurioribus; posticis fulvis fasciâ centrali margineque postico latè nigris. (Expans. Alar. 2 unc.)
Syn. Phalæna (Noctua) Paranympha, Drury, App. vol. 2. (excl. syn. Linnæan.)
Habitat: New York; taken on the 27th day of July.
Upper Side. The thorax and anterior wings dark chocolate, with a small, narrow, irregular black line crossing the wings, near the external edge; having near it, just above the fringe, a row of seven small grey spots. Posterior wings pale orange; having a deep black border. A rather broad black line runs in a circular direction from the anterior edge, through the middle of the wings, to the lower part of the interior margin. At the outer angle is a small spot of a pale orange.
Under Side. Anterior wings at the base of a dark clay colour, with a large yellowish cloud occupying all the middle part; in which is a large black streak running across the wing. Posterior wings marked as on the upper side, but all the colours fainter.
Plate XXIV. fig. 1.
Order: Lepidoptera. Section: Nocturna. Family: Bombycidæ.
Genus. Actias, Leach. Saturnia, Schrank. Attacus, Germar. Phalæna (Attacus), Linn.
Actias Luna. Alis caudatis flavo-virentibus concoloribus, ocello disci lunato, margine antico anticarum purpureo. (Expans. Alar. 5 unc. 6 lin.)
Syn. Phalæna (Attacus) Luna, Linn. Syst. Nat. 2. 810. No. 5. Catesby Carolina, 2nd vol. p. 85. Fabr. Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 414. No. 22. Gmel. Linn. S. N. 2404. 5. Abbot & Smith Ins. Georgia, pl. 48. Oliv. Enc. Méth. 5. 29. 20. Pal. Beauv. Ins. Afr. & Am. Lep. pl. 22. f. 3. Leach Zool. Misc. v. 2. (Actias L.)
Habitat: New York, Carolina, Virginia, Maryland.
Upper Side. Antennæ brown, and strongly pectinated. The head white, small, and almost hid under the shoulders and neck, having a small brown ring encircling it. Thorax pale yellow, having a chocolate or dark brown line crossing it, parallel with the margins of the anterior wings. All the wings are of a beautiful pea-green colour; the nerves being of a pale red brown. Along the anterior margin of the anterior wings runs a chocolate line, which is narrowed towards the tips. About an inch from the shoulders springs from this line a small curved one, which, bending towards the middle of the wing, terminates in a small eye, pointed in the lower part, whose pupil is transparent like glass; the iris being partly red and partly black, within which are semicircles of white; external margin of the wings, red brown; the posterior being white. Posterior wings furnished with two broad tails, which, at their extremities, appear as if they were crimped; their external edges being red brown. In the middle of each of these wings is likewise an eye, similar to, but rather larger than those in the anterior ones. Abdomen white.
Under Side. Abdomen white, the sides being of a dark clay colour. All the wings are of the same colour as on the upper side; the nerves being browner and more conspicuous, without the brown edge on the anterior pair; the eyes themselves are the same as on that side. The anterior margin of the inferior wings is white, and the eyes strongly resemble those of an animal having them half shut.
Drury's correspondent informed him that the caterpillar of this handsome moth is red, and feeds on the leaves of the sassafras tree. When they are full-fed they inclose themselves in a strong case composed of the substance of the tree, and a glutinous matter which they secrete. They appear in June and August. The caterpillar, however, figured by Abbot is green, with short hairs scattered over the body, and with about eight small red spots on each segment, placed transversely. This author also states that it feeds upon the sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua, Linn.), different kinds of walnut, and the Persimon (Diospyros Virginiana). One of them spun up on the 31st of May, and came out on the 8th of June; another on the 23rd of June, and came out on the 10th of July; and a third, which did not spin up until the 6th of September, remained in the chrysalis till the 3rd of March. It continues breeding throughout the summer, but is not very plentiful.
Plate XXIV. fig. 2.