Berkshire

Original Title Page.

PHYSICAL MAP OF BERKSHIRE

The Cambridge University Press

Copyright, George Philip & Son L^td.

CAMBRIDGE COUNTY GEOGRAPHIES

General Editor: F. H. H. Guillemard, M.A., M.D.

BERKSHIRE

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
London: FETTER LANE, E.C.
C. F. CLAY, Manager

Publisher’s logo.

Edinburgh: 100, PRINCES STREET
Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO.
Leipzig: F. A. BROCKHAUS
New York: G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS
Bombay and Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd.

Cambridge County Geographies

BERKSHIRE

by
H. W. MONCKTON, F.L.S., F.G.S.
With Maps, Diagrams and Illustrations

Cambridge:
at the University Press
1911

Cambridge:
PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A.
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

		PAGE
1.	County and Shire. Meaning of the Words	1
2.	General Characteristics	6
3.	Size. Shape. Boundaries	8
4.	Surface and General Features	15
5.	Watershed. Rivers and their Courses. Lakes	18
6.	Geology and Soil	25
7.	Natural History	41
8.	Climate and Rainfall	47
9.	People—Race. Population	52
10.	Agriculture	55
11.	Industries and Manufactures	57
12.	Minerals. Building Materials	61
13.	The History of Berkshire	65
14.	History (continued)	75
15.	Antiquities—(a) Prehistoric	80
16.	Antiquities—(b) Roman and Saxon	89
17.	Architecture—(a) Ecclesiastical. Churches	91
18.	Architecture—(b) Religious Houses	102
19.	Architecture—(c) Military	109
20.	Architecture—(d) Domestic	113
21.	Communications—Ancient and Modern	117
22.	Administration and Divisions—Ancient and Modern	125
23.	Public and Educational Establishments	128
24.	The Forest in Berkshire	135
25.	Roll of Honour	137
26.	The Chief Towns and Villages of Berkshire	146

ILLUSTRATIONS

						PAGE
	Windsor Castle from the North-West					2
	The Ridgeway—Uffington Castle in the distance					7
	The Thames near Pangbourne					10
	The Thames at Maidenhead					12
	The River Kennet at Hungerford					13
	Crown Hill, South Ascot					16
	Cookham Dean					17
	Streatley from Goring					19
	The Pang at Pangbourne					21
	Pangbourne					22
	The Thames near Abingdon					24
	Diagram to illustrate the Geology of Berkshire					30
	Diagram-section of the Berkshire Rocks					31
	Corallian Rock, Shellingford					33
	Specimen from the Reading Leaf-Bed					37
	Bagshot Heath Country from Bog Hill					39
	Sarsens in Gravel, Chobham Ridges					40
	The Pine Plantations near Wellington College					45
	Wellingtonia Avenue near Wellington College					46
	Factory Girls leaving Work at Reading					58
	Whitening Factory, Kintbury					61
	Christ’s Hospital, Abingdon					63
	White Waltham Church					64
	Statue of King Alfred, Wantage					67
	St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle					69
	St George’s Chapel: the Interior					71
	Abingdon Abbey					74
	St George’s Hall: Windsor Castle					78
	Statue of Queen Victoria at Windsor					79
	Wayland Smith’s Cave					83
	Flint Implements of the Neolithic Period found in Berkshire					84
	The White Horse					87
	Blewburton Hill, near Blewbury					88
	St Nicholas’s Church, Abingdon					92
	Abbey Gateway, Abingdon					94
	North Door, Faringdon Church					96
	South Door, Faringdon Church					97
	Finchampstead Church					98
	Faringdon Parish Church					99
	The Upper Cross: East Hagbourne Village					100
	Abingdon Parish Church					101
	Ruins of Reading Abbey					103
	Part of the Hospitium of St John, Reading Abbey					104
	The Refectory, Hurley Priory					105
	The Abbey Barn, Great Coxwell					106
	Bisham Abbey					107
	The Round Tower, Windsor Castle					110
	Gateway, Donnington Castle, Newbury					112
	Cottage at Cookham Dean					115
	Wayside Cottages, Bisham					116
	The London Road near Sunninghill					118
	Hungerford Canal					120
	Hambleden Weir					121
	Disused Canal between Abingdon and Wantage					122
	Boulter’s Lock					123
	The Town Hall, Abingdon					127
	The Cloth Hall, Newbury					129
	The Town Hall, Wallingford					130
	Royal Military College, Sandhurst					131
	The Town Hall, Faringdon					132
	Gate of the Old Grammar School, Abingdon					133
	Ascot Race Course					136
	Archbishop Laud					139
	The Hoby Chapel, Bisham Church					141
	Miss Mitford					144
	Abingdon Bridge					146
	Binfield Rectory					148
	Bray Church					149
	Cookham Lock					151
	East Hagbourne Village					153
	Hurley Church and Site of Lady Place					154
	Pangbourne					156
	Shottesbrook Church from the Park					158
	Streatley Mill					159
	Wallingford Bridge					161
	The Stocks at White Waltham					163
	Diagrams					165

MAPS

Berkshire, Topographical

Front Cover

Berkshire,

Geological

Back Cover

England and Wales, showing Annual Rainfall

The illustrations on pages 7, 33, 61, 84, 88, 96, 106, are from photographs by Mr Llewellyn Treacher, of Twyford; those on pages 83 and 87 are from photographs by Mr H. A. King, of Reading; those on pages 37, 40, 46, 64, 74, 105, 158, 163 are from photographs by the author. The portraits on pages 139 and 144 are reproduced from photographs supplied by Mr Emery Walker; while the illustrations on pages 67, 69, 71, 92, 94, 97, 99, 100, 103, 110, 112, 122, 127, 129, 130, 132, 133, 153, 156, are from photographs supplied by the Homeland Association; and those on pages 2, 10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 39, 45, 58, 63, 78, 79, 98, 101, 104, 107, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 123, 131, 136, 141, 146, 148, 149, 151, 154, 159, 161, are from photographs supplied by Messrs F. Frith & Co., Ltd., of Reigate.

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Berkshire

CONTENTS

ILLUSTRATIONS