INDEX

• Abbetoft, Sir Walter de, grant to monks of Louth Park, 23.
• Aberystwyth siege, guns broken, 110.
• Abinghall, Forest of Dean, coal-working, 5.
• Adam of Corfe, marble-worker, 85.
• Adits: coal pits drained by, 8-9;
• lead mines drained by, 50;
• tin mines drained by, 65-6.
• Aketon, Nicholas de. See Nicholas de Aketon.
• Alabaster industry, 86-90.
• Alcester, legend of punishment of iron-workers, 22.
• Aldebek, tilery, 125.
• Ale: brewing and trade regulations, 186-93;
• national drink, 184-5;
• price fixed by ordinance, 185-6;
• used in stained glassmaking, 132.
• Ale-conner or taster, duties of, 189.
• Ale stakes, use of, 189.
• Alston Moor: lead mines, 39, 40-8, 60;
• Scottish king's rights over, 41.
• Alum, use as a mordant in dyeing wool, 144.
• Alwold, 'campanarius,' 96.
• Amblecote, coal-mining, 7.
• Amesbury, lead sent to, from Shropshire, 39.
• Amiens, agreement of woad merchants with Norwich, 144-5.
• Apprenticeship regulations, 229-31.
• Appys, John, lease of tileries, 124.
• Ariconium, near Ross, iron industry, 21.
• Arnoldson, Cornelys, repair of guns, 112.
• Arundel, alabaster tomb at, 88.
• Ashburnham, tile manufacture, 123-4.
• Ashburton, tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• Ashdown Forest, labour employed in iron mills, 32;
• water-hammer in, 30.
• Ashford, Derbyshire, lead mine, 39.
• Assize of Bread and Ale, Assize of Cloth, etc. See Bread and Ale, Assize of;
• Cloth, Assize of.
• Alkynson, John, gun-founder, 113.
• Aylesham, clothmaking industry, 161, 166.
• Bakers: frauds practised by, 204;
• use of trademarks ordered, 216.
• Bakewell, Derbyshire, lead mine, 39.
• Ballard, Blase, gunner, grant to, for injuries caused by gun accident, 110.
• Ballard, Simon, iron shot made by, at Newbridge, 111-12.
• Barbary, leather imported into England, 176.
• Bark for tanning, 174.
• Barmaster, of mine court, 40.
• Barmote. See Berghmote.
• Barnack, stone quarries, 77.
• Barnstaple, clothmaking industry, 158.
• Barri, Gerald de, cider mentioned by, 197.
• Bath: gild of smiths at, alleged, in Roman times, 21;
• Roman use of coal in temple of Minerva probable, 1.
• Bath Stone, quarries at Haslebury in Box, 78-9.
• Battle, Sussex, early iron-works at, 20.
• Battle Abbey: cider a source of income, 197;
• reference to bell casting, 96;
• stone quarry near, 76;
• tile manufacture, 123.
• Baude, Peter, discovery of method of casting cannon in entire piece, 113.
• Beare, Thomas, on alluvial tin, 65.
• Beauvale, prior of, lease of coal mine at Newthorpe, 15.
• Becket, Thomas, ale taken to French Court, in 1157, 185.
• Bedburn forge, conditions of labour, 32.
• Bedwin, Wilts., clothmaking industry, 137.
• Beer Alston, Devon, royal lead mines, 48-51.
• Beer, Devon, stone quarries, 78, 80.
• Beer, introduction into England and development of trade, 193-5.
• Bellows, method of using in iron smelting, 27.
• Bell pits, in coal-mining, 7;
• in iron-mining, 27.
• Bells: dedication ceremony, 101;
• manufacture of, 96-107;
• tuning of, 99-100.
• Bellyeter, term for a bell-founder, 97.
• Belper: iron industry, 25;
• terms of lease of coal mine, 15.
• Belsire, tileries owned by family, 124.
• Beneit le Seynter, early bell-founder, 96.
• Benthall, lease of coal working, 14-15.
• Berghmote or Barmote, mine court in Derbyshire, 40.
• Berkshire, clothmaking industry, 167.
• Berneval, Alexander de, sent to England for alabaster, 87.
• Berwick-on-Tweed, inventory of artillery, in 1401, 109.
• Beverley: building trade, hours of work, 211;
• clothmaking industry, 134, 139;
• list of standard measures for ale kept at, 188;
• regulations for control of industry, 223;
• tile manufacture, 124-5.
• Beverley, College of, new shrine for relics of St. John of Beverley, 93-4.
• Billiter Street, origin of name, 97.
• Birley in Brampton, grant of wood to monks of Louth Park, 23.
• Birlond, quarrying of slates at, 81.
• Bisham, stone quarries, 83.
• Bishop's Stortford, consecration of bells of St. Michael's, 101.
• Black Death, effect on industries, 11, 74, 201.
• Black Prince. See Edward, Black Prince.
• Blacksmiths, control of industry, 211-12, 217.
• Blakeney, Forest of Dean, coal-working, 5.
• Blanket, Thomas, cloth-weaver in Bristol, 141.
• Blanket cloth, manufacture, 168.
• Blaunchlond, Northumberland, lead mine, 60.
• Bloom, in iron-working, meaning of term, 28, 30;
• variations in weight, 30-31.
• Bloomery, meaning of term, 29.
• Blund, William and Robert le, probable identity with William and Robert of Corfe, 85.
• Bocher, Robert, alabaster-worker, 89.
• Bodiam Castle, gun found in moat, 111.
• Bodmatgan quarry, slates from, 81.
• Bodmin, tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• 'Boldon Book,' 1183, references to use of coal, 2-3.
• Bole furnace, type used in lead mines, 51.
• Bolerium of Diodorus Siculus, question of identity, 62.
• Bolles, William, legal action, 13.
• Bolsover, Manor of, 10, 11.
• Bordale, Edmund, of Bramley, glass purchased from, 130.
• Borde, Andrew, on ale, 184, 190;
• beer, 193;
• cider and perry, 196.
• Boston, Lincs., clothmaking industry, 139.
• Boughton Monchelsea, stone worked at, 80, 83.
• Boundary stones, custom of burying coal under, 3-4.
• Brabant weavers in London, 225.
• Bradley, Staffordshire, coal-mining, 7.
• Braintree, clothmaking industry, 157.
• Brasier, Richard, bell-founder of Norwich, 105-7.
• Bread and ale, assize of, beginning of national control of industry, 201.
• Bremerhaven, export of coal to, 18.
• Breton, Ralph, gift of money for bell to Rochester Cathedral Priory, 96.
• Brewing: ale, universal and regulation of, 186-93;
• beer, 193-5;
• cider, 196-8.
• Bricks, manufacture of, 125-6.
• Brill, iron sent to, from Forest of Dean, 23.
• Bristol: clothmaking industry, 141, 144, 145-6, 148, 150-1, 154;
• coal exported, in 1592, 18;
• gun-founding industry, 110;
• leather trade, 174;
• regulations for control of industries, 181, 182, 191, 216-19, 223, 227-9, 235.
• Bromfield, Shropshire, lead-miners recruited from, for Devon, 57.
• Brown, Roger, of Norwich, shoemaker, 181.
• Brushford, near Dulverton, lead mine, 59.
• Buggeberd, Adam, rector of South Peret, dispute over Whitchurch bells referred to, 100.
• Building industry: hours of work at Beverly, 211;
• reasons for not treating subject, vi.
• Burel cloth, manufacture of, 136-7.
• Burford family, bell-founders, 102.
• Burges, Toisaunts, brought to England to teach art of calendering worsteds, 165.
• Burle, Nicholas, of London, seizure of hides, 175.
• Burnard, Richard, clothier of Barnstaple, 158.
• Burton-on-Trent, alabaster-workers, 89.
• Bury St. Edmunds: bell-founding industry, 105;
• quarry in Barnack owned by abbey of, 77.
• Buttercrambe, Plaster of Paris obtained from, 89-90.
• Byland, Abbey of, grant of iron mine to, 1180, 23.
• Caen, stone quarries, 78, 80.
• Calendering worsteds, introduction of art, 165-6.
• Cambrai, Siege of, 1339, guns used, 107.
• Cannons. See Gun-founding.
• Canon, Richard, carver and marble-worker, 85.
• Canterbury: ale famous, 185;
• bell-founding industry, 105.
• Canterbury Cathedral, alabaster tomb of Henry IV. and Queen Joan, 88.
• Capitalists, conflict of interests in the gilds, 226-36.
• Cappers of Coventry, regulations for control of industry, 227, 231.
• Carlisle, Castle of, brass cannons for, in 1385, 108.
• Carretate, weight for lead, varieties, 56.
• Carving, English skill in Middle Ages, 87.
• Cassiterides or Tin Islands, question of identification, 62.
• Castor, Northants., Roman British pottery, 114-15.
• Causton, Alice, punished for selling short measure of ale, 188.
• Cavalcante, John, of Florence, cannon and saltpetre supplied by, 112-13.
• Chafery, in iron-smelting, 30.
• Chagford, tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• Chalder or chaldron, measure, 17-18.
• Chaldon, stone quarries, 77.
• Chalk, quarrying for conversion into lime, 90-1.
• Chalons, cloth, origin of name and manufacture in England, 138.
• Chalons-sur-Marne, cloth manufacture, 138.
• Chamois (shamoys) leather, trade regulations, 176-7.
• Charcoal: confused with sea coal by Alexander Neckam, 3;
• only fuel used for iron-working, 26.
• Charcoal-burners employed in iron industry, 36-7.
• Cheapside, goldsmiths' shops, 95.
• Chellaston, alabaster quarries, 87.
• Chertsey Abbey, inlaid tiles discovered, 127.
• Cheshire, lead-miners recruited for Devon, 57.
• Chester: brewing-trade dues paid to castle of, 187;
• gild of smiths at, in Roman times, 21.
• Chichester Cathedral, Purbeck marble used, 84.
• Chiddingfold, glassmaking industry, 127-9.
• Child labour, order restricting, in 1398, 229.
• Chilvers Coton, coal-mining, 6.
• Chimneys, increase in number, in sixteenth century, 19.
• Chirche, Reginald, bell-founder, 101.
• Chislehurst, chalk quarries, 91.
• Choke damp, 8, 16.
• Cider industry, 196-8.
• Cistercian ware, distinctive features, 118.
• Clee, forest of, coal-working, 6.
• Cleveland, iron industry, 25.
• Clifford, Walter de, licence to Sir John de Halston (c. 1260), 5-6.
• Cloth, Assize of, beginning of a national control of industry, 201.
• Clothmaking industry: development and principal centres, 133-41;
• Edward III.'s efforts to improve, 140-1, 201;
• frauds and regulations against, 159-64, 204-6;
• legislative control, 136-7, 160-4, 201, 205, 216;
• numbers employed and output of cloth, 156-9;
• processes used, 141-56;
• quality of English cloth prior to time of Edward III., 136;
• subjection of workers evidenced by restrictive regulations, 134-5;
• varieties of cloth made, 164-70.
• Coal: burying under boundary stones, 3-4;
• discovery in 1620 of method of using for iron-works, 26, 37;
• early significance of the word, 2-3;
• restriction of use to iron-working and lime-burning, 4-5, 90-1;
• Roman use of, in Britain, 1-2;
• smoke nuisance complained of, 6;
• trade returns, 18-19;
• value, 13-14;
• weighing of, measures employed, 14, 17-18.
• Coal-mining: bell pits described, 7;
• choke damp mentioned, 8, 16;
• early methods of working, 7-11;
• first references to actual workings, 5-6;
• mineral rights, 11-18;
• terms of leases, 14-16.
• Coggeshall, clothmaking industry, 140, 157.
• Cogware, origin of term, 143.
• Coinage duty on tin, 68-9, 74.
• Colchester: clothmaking industry, 140, 156, 168;
• leather trade, 172, 173;
• Roman pottery manufacture, 115;
• tile industry regulations, 120-1.
• Coleford, Roman iron-works at, 20.
• Collard, Robert, tilemaker, 125.
• Collyweston, stone slates, 82.
• Colyn, Thomas, alabaster-worker, 88.
• Competition, efforts to restrict, 222-5, 226-7.
• Control of industry: gild regulations, 206-40;
• legislation for, 200-12.
• Cope, in bell-founding, 98.
• Corby, agreement of woad merchants with Norwich, 144-5.
• Cordwainers: journeyman fraternity formed, 233;
• origin of name, 180;
• trade regulations, 181-3.
• Core, in bell-founding, 98.
• Corfe, Dorset: Purbeck marble industry, 85;
• stone quarry, 79.
• Cornwall, Duke of, vested with supreme control of the stannaries, 72.
• Cornwall: brewing trade, 190;
• clothmaking industry, 158;
• gold, search for, 61;
• slate quarrying, 81-2;
• tin-mining, 62-74.
• Corvehill, William, bell-founder, 107.
• Costume of miners, depicted in Newland Church, 36.
• Courts. See Law Courts.
• Coventry: brewing trade and regulations for, 187-9, 191;
• Cappers' gild regulations, 212, 227, 230-1;
• clothmaking industry, 146-7, 169;
• gilds controlled by civic authorities, 208;
• iron-workers, trade restrictions, 219-21, 232;
• journeyman gilds or confraternities, 234, 235;
• treatment of strangers, 222;
• trial of trade disputes in spiritual courts, 236.
• Cowick, Yorkshire, payment by potters for digging clay, 118.
• Crangs, Burcord, melting-house at Larian in Cornwall, 66-7.
• Créçy, battle of, guns used by English, 107.
• Crich, Derbyshire, lead mine, 39.
• Croker, Nicholas, coppersmith, 96.
• Crowchard, John, gun repaired by, 112.
• Crowland Abbey, quarry in Barnack, 77.
• Croxden Abbey, bell recast, in 1313, 99.
• Culhare, Emma, killed by choke-damp, 8.
• Culverden, William, bell-founder, 100.
• Cumberland, lead-mining, 46, 60-1.
• Customs and Duties: alien merchandise, on, 224-5;
• coal, 5, 18;
• coinage on tin, 68-9, 74.
• Dale, Abbey of, Derbyshire, inlaid tile manufacture, 127.
• Damlade, uncertain meaning of the word, 81.
• Darcy, Edmund, royal grant to, for searching and sealing leather, 179.
• Darlington, clothmaking industry, 134.
• Dean, Forest of: coal-mining, 5, 11;
• iron industry, 23, 29, 34-6.
• Dearns, meaning of term, 9.
• De la Fava, of Mechlin. See La Fava.
• Denby: coal-mining accident, in 1291, 8;
• iron mine, 22-3.
• Derbyshire: alabaster quarries, 87;
• coal-mining, 6-8;
• iron industry, 25, 27;
• lead-mining, 39-48, 54, 56, 57-8.
• Devon: clothmaking industry, 144, 158, 167;
• gold discovered, 61;
• lead-mining, 43, 48-9, 50-8;
• slate quarrying, 81;
• stone quarry at Beer, 78;
• tin-mining, 62-74.
• Dewysse, Edward, beer brewer, 194.
• Diodorus Siculus, statements respecting British tin trade, 62.
• Dorset: clothmaking industry, frauds practised, 161;
• lead-miners recruited for Devon, 57;
• Purbeck marble industry, 84-5;
• stone quarries, 79.
• Douset, term explained, 240.
• Dover: bells cast for, 105;
• cannon for castle, in 1401, 108-9.
• Dowson, John, gun-founder, 113.
• Doys, John, beer brewer, case of theft against, 194.
• Dudley, Dud, discovery of methods of using coal for iron-works, in 1620, 26, 37.
• Duffield Frith: coal obtained from, in 1257, 6;
• iron industry, 25.
• Dunkirk, export of coal to, 18.
• Dunstan, St., patron of the goldsmiths, 92.
• Durham: coal-mining, 9;
• lead mines granted to bishop by King Stephen, 39-40.
• Dutch: beer a natural drink for, 193;
• expert gun-founders, 111.
• Duties. See Customs and Duties.
• Dyeing industry: processes employed for cloth, 144-8;
• regulations for control of, 229, 234.
• Eastbourne, green sandstone quarry, 79.
• Ebchester, Durham, discovery at, of Roman use of coal, 1.
• Edmund of Cornwall, tin worked for, in 1297, 65.
• Edward III.: efforts to improve cloth trade, 140-1, 201;
• metal cast figure of, 95.
• Edward, the Black Prince, plate presented to, 94.
• Egremont, iron mine, 22.
• Egwin, St., legend of punishment of iron-workers of Alcester, 22.
• Egynton, John, dyer, trade dispute, 146-7.
• Eleanor, Queen: driven from Nottingham Castle by coal smoke, 6;
• metal cast figure of, 95.
• Eleanor Crosses, Purbeck marble supplied for, 85.
• Ely: bells cast, 103;
• wall tiles or bricks for, 125.
• Elyng, meaning of term, 28.
• Encaustic tiles, process of manufacture, 126-7.
• Essex, clothmaking industry, 157, 166, 168.
• Essex, straits, narrow cloths, 140.
• Eton college, stained glass for, 130.
• Eure, Sir William, lease of coal mines, 16.
• Exeter Cathedral: marble work for, 85;
• Portland stone used, 79;
• resident bell-founders appointed, 104-5·
• Fairlight Quarry, near Hastings, stone for Rochester castle, 79, 80.
• Faringdon, William, renowned goldsmith, 93.
• Farriers: allowed to shoe on Sundays and feast days, 213;
• mutual assistance regulations, 237.
• Faudkent, Peter, Dochman, stained glass purchased from, 131.
• Fécamp Abbey, alabaster procured from England by abbot, 87.
• Fenby, Thomas de, dyer of Coventry, trade dispute, 146-7.
• Ferry, coal mines, 9.
• Finchale monks, coal-mining operations, 9.
• Fishmongers, regulation of trade, 219.
• Fiskerton, brewing-trade dues, 187.
• Fitz Odo, goldsmiths. See Fitz Otho.
• Fitz Osbert, William, grant to abbey of Byland, 1180, 23.
• Fitz Otho, Edward, goldsmith of Henry III., bells cast by, 102.
• Fitz Otho family, king's goldsmiths and masters of the mint, 92.
• Flanders: beer introduced into England from, 193;
• glassmaker brought to England, in 1449, 130-1;
• settlement in England of craftsmen from, 225.
• Fletcher's lead mine in Alston, 60.
• Flushing, export of coal to, 18.
• Folkestone, stone quarry, 80.
• Forest Assize of 1244, references to coal-mining, 5.
• Forges, itinerant, in Forest of Dean, 29.
• Fortuno de Catalengo, purchase of cannon from, 112.
• Fotinel, weight for lead, 56.
• Founders of metal, notable examples of work, 95-6.
• Fountains Abbey, ware found in, 118.
• Franciscans in London, poverty evidenced by quality of their ale, 185.
• Frankwell, William, water for tanning at Lewes, 173.
• Frese, William, gunmaker, 112.
• Friezes, types manufactured, 169-70.
• Friscobaldi, Italian merchants, lease of Devon lead mines, 56-7.
• Fuller's earth, used for cleansing cloth, 154-5.
• Fulling of cloth: process employed, 153-5;
• use of trademarks ordered, 216.
• Furnaces, types employed, 28, 51-3, 66.
• Furness Abbey, iron industry, 25, 27, 31.
• Galloway, Mr., his Annals of Coal Mining, ix.
• Gateshead, coal-mining, 9, 11.
• Geddyng, John, glazier, 129.
• Gerard le Flemeng, cloth weaver, 137.
• Germans: expert gun-founders, 111;
• skilled miners, 59.
• Gildesburgh, Robert, dispute over tuning of bells, 99-100.
• Gilds: clothweavers, alien weavers in London, 225;
• charters granted by Henry I. and Henry II., 135;
• enforced holidays, 151;
• payments to the king, in twelfth century, 133-4;
• restriction of competition, 226-7.
• —— conflict of class interests in, 225-36.
• —— control of industry by regulations, 206-40.
• —— cordwainers at Oxford, 183.
• —— fullers of Lincoln, regulations, 153-4.
• —— journeymen's efforts to form, 233-5.
• —— origin of, 206-7.
• —— religious element in organisation, 237-40.
• Glasewryth, John, glassmaker in Chiddingfold district, 129.
• Glassmaking industry, 127-32.
• Glastonbury, lake village, evidences of weaving discovered, 133.
• Glaze, for pottery, process, 116-17.
• Gloucester: bell-founding industry, 103;
• brewing-trade regulations, 192;
• clothmaking industry, 134, 161.
• Gloucestershire: iron industry, 22, 24, 28;
• lead-mining, 39, 57.
• Gloucester, vale of, vine cultivation, 198.
• Goderswyk, William, mining grant to, 60-1.
• Gold-mining, 61.
• Goldsmiths, early records of, 92-4.
• Goldsmiths' Row, London, built by Thomas Wood, 95.
• Goodrich, Roman iron-works at, 21.
• Goryng, John, case against beer brewers, 194.
• Goykyn, Godfrey, English guns made by, 111.
• Graffham, Sussex, potteries, 117.
• Gray, Sir Thomas, lease of Whickham coal mines, 16.
• Green, Ralph, alabaster tomb in Lowick Church, 88.
• Greenwich, chalk and lime sent to London, 91.
• Griff, charge for sinking coal pits, 10.
• Guildford: chalk quarries, 91;
• clothmaking industry, 138, 168.
• Guildford Castle, tiles from Shalford, 124.
• Guildford cloths, reputation injured by frauds, 155, 205.
• Guildhall, London, ordnance at, in 1339, 107.
• Gun-founding industry: account of, 107-13;
• discovery of method of casting cannon in entire piece, 113;
• projectiles used, 80-81, 109.
• Gypsum, conversion into Plaster of Paris, 89-90.
• Hackington, tileries, 124.
• Halingbury, William, promotion of art of calendering worsteds, 165.
• Hall, Robert, clothier of Winchester, 158.
• Halston, Sir John de, licensed to dig for coals in Clee forest, 5-6.
• Hammers, water, for iron industry, 30.
• Hampshire: clothmaking industry, 167;
• stone quarries, 79.
• Hanbury, earliest sepulchral image in alabaster at, 86.
• Harrison, William: ale disparaged by, 195;
• cider and perry mentioned by, 196;
• his Description of England, 19.
• Hartkeld, coal mines, 16.
• Haslebury quarry, 78-9.
• Hassal, slate-quarrying at, 81.
• Hastings: kilns for making inlaid tiles discovered, 127;
• pottery, stamp decoration, 118.
• Hatfield, Bishop of Durham, lease of coal mines, 16.
• Hatters, use of trademark ordered, 216.
• Hawkin of Liége, metal-founder, 95.
• Helere, Edmund, lease of tileries, 124.
• Helston: brewing trade, 190;
• nomination of members for stannary parliament, 72;
• tin sent to, for coinage dues, 69.
• Henry III., metal cast figure of, 95.
• Henry IV., alabaster tomb at Canterbury, 88.
• Henry V., inventory of goods quoted, 139.
• Henry of Lewes, the king's chief smith, 24.
• Henshawe, William, bell-founder at Gloucester, 103.
• Hereford: blankets made at, 168;
• iron industry, 22;
• regulations for control of industry, 223.
• Hermann de Alemannia, lead mine worked by, 59.
• Herrings, Yarmouth monopoly of sale on east coast, 203.
• Heworth, charge for sinking coal pits, 10.
• Hides, trade regulations, 174-5.
• Hill, Nicholas, alabaster-worker, 89.
• Hogge, Ralph, discovery of method of casting cannon in entire piece, 113.
• Holewell, Thomas, alabaster-worker, 88.
• Holidays, regulations, 212-14.
• Hope, Derbyshire, lead mines, 39.
• Hops, restrictions on use, 194-5.
• Horsham, stone slate quarries, 82.
• Houghton, Yorkshire, customs respecting mineral rights, 12.
• Hours of labour, regulations, 211-12.
• Huddleston, stone quarries, 77.
• Hugh of Scheynton, lease of coal mine, 14-15.
• Hull: tile manufacture, 124;
• weaving trade regulations, 237.
• Humbert, Duke, lease of lead mines at Wirksworth, 39.
• Huntingdon, clothmaking industry, 133.
• Hussey, Sir William, action against, 13.
• Ictis of Diodorus Siculus, question of identity, 62-3.
• Industry, control of. See Control of Industry.
• Inspection of goods in Middle Ages, 216-17.
• Ipswich, tolls on English cloth, 139-40.
• Irish friezes, manufacture of, 169-70.
• Iron, price of, and parliamentary attempt to regulate, 31, 208-9.
• Iron-mining: free miners of the Forest of Dean, their privileges, 34-6;
• methods of working, 26-30;
• numbers employed and conditions of labour, 31-6;
• places noted for, 22-6;
• Roman activity in Britain, 20-1;
• weight of the bloom, variations in, 30-1;
• wood consumption in sixteenth century, 36-7.
• Jack of Newbury. See Winchcombe, John.
• Jervaulx Abbey: grant to, by Earl of Richmond, 1281, 29;
• ware found at, 118.
• John, King, tomb at Worcester, in Purbeck marble, 84.
• John de Alemaygne, of Chiddingfold, glassmaker, 128.
• John de Stafford, mayor of Leicester, bell-founder, 103.
• John, Duke of Bretagne, alabaster tomb at Nantes, 88.
• John Glasman of Ruglay, glass purchased from, 130.
• John of Chester, glazier, designs for stained glass, 131-2.
• John of Gloucester, bell-founder, 103.
• John, St., of Alexandria, mention in life of, of British tin trade, 63.
• John, St., of Beverley, new shrine for relics, in 1292, 93-4.
• Johnson, Cornelys, gun-founder, 113.
• Journeymen, regulation of employment, 231-5.
• Julius Cæsar, on iron in Britain, 20.
• Julius Vitalis, armourer of the 20th Legion, funeral at Bath, 21.
• Keel or coal barge, regulation of capacity, 17.
• Kendal, clothmaking industry, 143, 169.
• Kent: chalk-quarrying, 91;
• clothmaking industry, 137, 158;
• gun-founding, 113;
• iron industry, 24, 26;
• Roman British pottery in, 114;
• stone quarries, 77-8, 80-1;
• tile manufacture, 121-4.
• Kentish rag, stone, demand for, 77-8, 80.
• Kersey, village, clothmaking industry, 166.
• Kerseys, manufacture of, 166-8.
• Keswick, lead mine, 60.
• Kilns, types used, 90, 115, 116, 126.
• King's College, Cambridge, stained glass for, 130-1.
• Kingston on Thames, pottery manufacture, 117.
• Kipax, Yorkshire, customs respecting mineral rights, 12.
• Kirkstall Abbey, ware found at, 118.
• Labour, control of. See Control of Industry.
• Labourers, Statute of, enactments, 201-2.
• La Fava, Lewis de, of Mechlin, purchase of cannon from, 112.
• Lanchester, Durham: discovery at, of Roman use of coal, 1;
• Roman method of smelting iron at, 26.
• Langton, Walter de, bishop of Chester, on yield of Beer Alston mine, 51.
• Larian in Cornwall, cost of a melting-house at, 66-7.
• Launceston, nomination of members for stannary parliament, 72.
• Laurence Vitrarius, glassmaker at Chiddingfold, 128.
• Law Courts: miners, 35-6, 40, 72;
• settlement of trade disputes, for, 236.
• Lead-mining: methods of working, 50-5;
• organisation of miners, 40-8;
• payments to the king and to the lord of the soil, 46-8;
• principal localities, 39-40;
• productiveness of mines, 56-61;
• prospecting regulations, 43-6;
• Roman workings, 38-9;
• wages and number of hands employed, 48-51.
• Leadreeve, of mine court, 40.
• Leakes of Southwark, beer brewers, 195.
• Leather industry: account of, 171-83;
• frauds in preparation and sale, 177-9, 205;
• night work prohibited, 215;
• regulations for control of, 215-16, 229, 237-8;
• shoemaking, regulations, 180-3;
• table of values of different kinds of leather, 179-80.
• Leathersellers' Company, inefficiency of control over trade, 177-8.
• Leeds, bell pits near, 7.
• Leeds Castle, cost of iron for repairs in time of Edward III., 31.
• Lewis, George Randall, indebtedness to acknowledged, ix, 64.
• Lichfield Cathedral, dedication of bell, 1477, 101.
• Lime-burning, 4-5, 90-1.
• Limekilns, kind used, 90.
• Liminge, land at, granted to Abbey of St. Peter of Canterbury, 22.
• Lincoln: clothmaking industry, 133, 136, 139, 153-4;
• pottery, stamp decoration, 118;
• Purbeck marble for Eleanor cross, 85;
• regulations for control of industry, 222, 228.
• Liskeard, tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• List, in cloth, term explained, 136.
• Liverpool, coal exported, in 1592, 18.
• Logwood, use as a dye forbidden, 148.
• London: ale brewing, regulations, 190-1;
• beer brewing in, 193-5;
• bell-founding industry, 101-2;
• cloth making industry, 133, 137, 140, 147, 154;
• regulations for control of industries, 204, 207-15, 219, 225-33, 236;
• roofing with tiles made compulsory, 1212, 119;
• shoemaking trade regulations, 181-3;
• walls built of Kentish rag, 77.
• Loop, in iron working, meaning of term, 30.
• Lostwithiel: nomination of members for stannary parliament, 72;
• slates probably quarried at, 81-2;
• tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• Louth Park, grant to monks, 23.
• Low countries, settlement in England of craftsmen from, 225.
• Lowick Church, Northants., alabaster tomb in, 88.
• Lune, Galias de, mining grant to, 61.
• Lynne, clothmaking industry, 165.
• Madder, use in dyeing wool, 148.
• Magna Carta, cloth trade regulations in, 136.
• Maidstone, stone quarries, 77, 80, 81, 109.
• Maldon, clothmaking industry, 140, 168.
• Malemort family, employment in iron-works at St. Briavels, 24.
• Malvern Priory, manufacture of inlaid tiles, 127.
• Marble, Purbeck. See Purbeck marble.
• Marchall, John, mining grant to, 60.
• Marcus le Fair, clothier of Winchester, 158.
• Maresfield, Sussex, iron-works in Roman times, 20.
• Markets: held on Sundays in thirteenth century, 214;
• segregation of trades, 217-18.
• Marlborough: brewing-trade regulations, 187;
• clothmaking industry, 134, 137.
• Martinstowe: silver sent to London, in 1294, 55;
• slates used for roofing, 81;
• stone quarries, pay of workers, 82-3.
• Mason, Peter, payment to, for alabaster for St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 87.
• Matlock, lead workings of Roman period, 38.
• Meaux Abbey: dispute with tilers of Beverley, 124-5;
• tannery at, details given, 173.
• Mendips, lead mines: methods of working, 53;
• organisation of miners, 40-8;
• productiveness, 58-9;
• worked by the Romans, 38.
• Metal-working: bell-founding, 96-107;
• gun-founding, 107-13;
• payment for workmanship, 93-4;
• regulation of hours of work in London, 213;
• use of trademark ordered, 216.
• Metesford, Derbyshire, lead mine, 39.
• Michel, Henry, bell-founder, 99.
• Middle Ages, definition of period, vii.
• Middlewood, sea coal at, 4.
• Midhurst, payment by potters to the lord of the manor, 118.
• Mildenhall, recasting of bell and dispute over, 106-7.
• Mile End Range, 110.
• Millyng, Albert, of Cologne, mining grant to, 60-1.
• Mine Law Courts. See Law Courts, miners.
• Mining of coal, iron, lead, etc. See coal, iron, lead, etc.
• Minsterley, Shropshire, lead workings of Roman period, 38.
• Monkswood, near Tintern, timber consumed at iron-works, 37.
• Moorhouse, coal-mining at, 9.
• Mordant, in dyeing, those used in Middle Ages, 144.
• Moresby, Hugh de, charter to Furness Abbey, 27.
• Morley, Derbyshire, coal-mining accidents, 7-8.
• Nantes Cathedral, alabaster tomb of John of Bretagne, 88.
• Naturalisation, letters of, numerous in fifteenth century, 224-5.
• Neckam, Alexander, on coal, 3.
• Newark, brewing-trade dues, 187.
• Newbridge, in Ashdown Forest, iron shot manufactured, 111.
• Newbury, clothmaking industry, 167.
• Newcastle, coal-mining and trade, 6, 18-19.
• New Forest, Roman British pottery from, 114.
• Newland Church, brass depicting a free miner, 36.
• Newminster, use of coal by monks, 4.
• Newport, William, guns made by, 112.
• Newthorpe, coal mine, terms of lease, 15.
• Newthorpe Mere, Gresley, outrage at coal mine, 13.
• Nicholas de Aketon, grant to monks of Newminster, 4.
• Night work, rules against, 214-15.
• Norfolk, clothmaking industry, 138-9, 161, 164-6, 205.
• Northampton: Purbeck marble for Eleanor cross, 85;
• shoemaking regulations, 183.
• Northamptonshire: Roman British pottery, 114-15;
• stone slates quarried at Collyweston, 82.
• Northumberland: coal-mining, 6;
• lead-mining, 60-1.
• Norwich: bell-founding industry, 105;
• brewing trade regulations, 192-3, 195;
• clothmaking industry, 144-5, 148-9, 150, 162, 165, 168;
• gilds controlled by civic authorities, 208;
• holidays, regulations, 212;
• market regulations, 217;
• pageants and gild feasts, 238-40;
• roofing with tiles made compulsory, 119;
• strangers, restrictive regulations, 223-4.
• Nottingham: alabaster industry, 87-9;
• clothmaking industry, 133, 150;
• smoke nuisance, in 1257, 6.
• Nottinghamshire, coal-mining, 6.
• Nuneaton, coal-mining, 7, 15.
• Nutfield, Fuller's earth deposits, 155.
• Oldham, Lancs., bell pits at, 7.
• Ordnance, casting of, 107-13.
• Osetes of Bristol, cloths, 140.
• Oswy, king of Kent, grant to Abbey of St. Peter of Canterbury, 21-2.
• Otto, the goldsmith, 92.
• Oxford: brewing-trade regulations, 191-2;
• clothmaking industry, 133, 167;
• leather-trade industries, 172, 183.
• Pageants of gilds and fraternities, 238-40.
• Pagham, Sussex, cider industry, 197.
• Pakenham, John, cider orchard at Wisborough, 198.
• Parman, John, clothier of Barnstaple, 158.
• Pascayl, Robert, lease of coal mine, 15.
• Peak, Derbyshire, lead-miners recruited for Devon, 57.
• Penpark Hole, Gloucs., lead mine mentioned, in 882, 39.
• Pepercorn, William, draining of Beer Alston mine, 51.
• Perry drunk in Middle Ages, 196.
• Peter at Gate, tiles manufactured by, 123.
• Peter de Brus, forges on lands in Cleveland, 1271, 25.
• Peterborough Abbey, quarry in Barnack, 77.
• Pevensey, walls and castle built of green sandstone from Eastbourne, 79.
• Pewter-work, 95;
• apprentices, 229.
• Peyeson, Adam, lease of coal mine, 14-15.
• Peyto family, glassmakers, 129.
• Philippa, Queen, metal cast figure of, 95.
• Phœnicians, tin trade with Britain doubtful, 62.
• Piers Plowman, quoted, 141.
• Plaster of Paris, conversion of alabaster into, 89-90.
• Playden, village, grave of Cornelius Zoetmann, 194.
• Plessey, near Blyth, early mention of coal from, 4.
• Plympton, tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• Poole, Dorset, beer and ale export trade, 194.
• Popenreuter, Hans, purchase of cannon from, 112.
• Poppehowe, Thomas, worker in alabaster, 88.
• Portland stone, fame in Middle Ages, 79.
• Potteresgavel, rent paid by potters, 118.
• Pottery manufacture, 114-18.
• Prentis, Thomas, alabaster-worker, 87-8.
• Prest, Godfrey, coppersmith, 96.
• Prices, regulation of, 208-10.
• Projectiles, 80-1, 109.
• Protection of industries, effect of, 203-4.
• Pucklechurch, Gloucs., iron industry, 22.
• Punishments by mine law, 42-3.
• Purbeck marble industry, 84-6.
• Quarell guns, 109.
• Quarrying, 76-91.
• Quivil, Bishop Peter de, care of bells of Exeter Cathedral, 104.
• Radlett, pottery manufacture by Romans, 115.
• Raly, coal mine, 16.
• Ramsey, Abbey of, quarry in Barnack, 77.
• Randolf, William, payment to, for metal-work, 94.
• Reading, clothmaking industry, 156.
• Redbrook, Roman iron-works at, 21.
• Reginald, Bishop, of Bath, lead mines granted to, 40.
• Reigate: Fuller's earth deposits, 155;
• stone quarries, 77-8, 80.
• Repton: lease of lead mines at Wirksworth by Abbess, 39;
• manufacture of inlaid tiles, 127.
• Restormel, Cornwall, slates used for roofing, 81.
• Richard I., reorganisation of the stannaries, 1198, 73.
• Richard II., metal-work of tomb and payment for, 96.
• Richmond, Earl of, 1281, grants to the monks of Jervaulx, 29.
• Richmond, Yorks., copper mine, 60.
• Ridding, in iron-mining, meaning of term, 35.
• Riley, Mr., indebtedness to, acknowledged, ix.
• Ringmer, in Sussex, potteries, 116, 118, 123.
• Robard, Pieter, alias Graunte Pierre, iron-founder, 112.
• Robert le Bellyetere, care of bells of Exeter Cathedral, 104-5.
• Robert of Corfe, worker in Purbeck marble, 85.
• Robertes, Henry, Serjeant, quarell guns provided by, 109.
• Rochester stone sent to, from Beer in Devon, 78.
• Rochester Castle, list of stone for, in 1367, 79-80.
• Rochester Priory: bell recast in twelfth century, 96;
• perquisites of under brewers, 192.
• Roger of Faringdon, maker of shrine at Beverley, 93-4.
• Rogers, Thorold, on effect of Statute of Labourers, 202.
• Romans in Britain: coal used by, 1-2;
• iron-mining, 20-1;
• lead mines, 38-9;
• pottery manufacture, 114-15.
• Roofing: slates worked for, 81-2;
• tiles manufactured for, 119.
• Ropley family, glassmakers, 129.
• Royley, Richard and Gabriel, alabaster-workers, 89.
• Rye, hops imported, 194.
• Saddlers, 233-35.
• St. Albans Abbey: consecration of bells, 101;
• metal workers among monks, 93.
• St. Austell, Cornwall, Saxon remains discovered in tin grounds, 63.
• St. Bees, grant of iron-mine to monks, 22.
• St. Briavels: forge at castle for construction of war materials, 24;
• Mine Law Courts, 35-6;
• payment to Constable for loads of coal, 5.
• St. Clere, statement respecting gold in Devon and Cornwall, in 1545, 61.
• St. George's Chapel, Windsor: alabaster reredos, 87;
• glass supplied from Chiddingfold, 128.
• St. Laurence, Reading, dedication of bell, 101.
• St. Mary-at-Hill, London, bells recast, in 1510, 100.
• St. Paul's Cathedral, contract for paving, 85.
• St. Peter of Canterbury, Abbey of, grant to, of land at Liminge, in 689, 22.
• St. Peter's Abbey at Gloucester, candlestick in South Kensington Museum, 92.
• St. Stephen's Chapel, Westminster: glass from Chiddingfold, 128;
• marble for columns, 85;
• stained glass, process employed, 131-2;
• stone sent from Beer in Devon, 78.
• Salisbury, clothmaking industry, 158.
• Sandwich, export of chalk, 91.
• Sawtry Abbey, quarry in Barnack and disputes over, 77.
• Saxons: few traces of iron-works in Britain, 21-2;
• tin worked in Cornwall, 63.
• Sconeburgh, Gerard, beer brewer, case of theft against, 194.
• Sea coal: origin of term, 2-3;
• references to use of, 4-5.
• Sea Coal Lane, London, mention, in 1228, 4.
• Seaford, brewing trade, 191.
• Search, system of. See Inspection of goods.
• Selebourne, Hants, stone quarries, 79.
• Sester, in brewing trade, 187-8.
• Severn, customs on sea coal brought down, 5.
• Seyntleger, Thomas, case against beer brewers, 194.
• Shalford tileries, 124.
• Shamelling, meaning of term, 65.
• Shamoys leather. See Chamois.
• Sheffield in Fletching, Sussex, iron-mills, 33, 36-7.
• Shelve, Shropshire, lead mine of Roman period, 38.
• Shene Chapel, stone from Eastbourne for, 79.
• Sheppey Castle, guns for, 107.
• Shepton Mallet, pottery manufacture by Romans, 115.
• Sherterre family. See Shorter.
• Shippen, Yorks, coal-mining, 6.
• Shode, meaning of term, 64.
• Shoemaking: districts assigned to, in London, 217;
• gild of journeymen connected with craft, 235;
• regulation of trade, 180-3, 227;
• work allowed on Sunday, 213-14.
• Shoreham, brewing at, 187.
• Shorter or Sherterre family, glassmakers, 129.
• Shoyswell, hundred, brewing trade, 187.
• Shrewsbury: brewing regulations, 195;
• cloth trade, 152;
• leather trade, 172.
• Shropshire: coal workings, 5-6;
• lead-mining, 38-9.
• Silchester, refining of silver at, 54.
• Silver: process of refining from lead, 53-5;
• production from Devon mines, 56-7;
• weight and value, 55-6.
• Silversmiths' work, 94-5.
• Skipton, pottery kilns, 116.
• Slates, working of, 81-2.
• Sluys, export of coal to, 18.
• Small arms, early instance of use, 109.
• Smith, William, bell-founder, 100.
• Smithfield, tileries, 124.
• Snailbeach, Shropshire, lead mine of Roman period, 38.
• Solinus, third century, reference to Roman use of coal at Bath, probable, 1.
• Somerset: clothmaking industry, 161;
• coal-mining, 6-7;
• effect of the Statute of Labourers, 202;
• lead-mining, 40, 57, 58-9.
• Southampton, import of woad, 144.
• Southwark, gun-founding, 110.
• Spain, leather trade, 178-9.
• Speryng, Godfrey, beer brewer, 194.
• Spring of Lavenham, clothiers, 159.
• Spurriers, night work prohibited, 215.
• Staffordshire: coal-mining, 7;
• price of iron, 31.
• Stahlschmidt, Mr., on bell-founders, 96, 102.
• Staindrop, alabaster tomb at, 88.
• Stained glass: glazier brought from Flanders, in 1449, 130-1;
• process employed in England, 131-2.
• Stainton, Forest of Dean, coal-working, 5.
• Stainton-in-Furness, iron-works at end of Stone Age, 20.
• Stamford, clothmaking industry, 134, 136, 138.
• Stamfords, English cloth, 138.
• Stannaries, account of, 64-74.
• Stansfield, bell cast for, 97, 105-6.
• Stapleton, stone quarries, 77, 80, 83.
• Stephen of St. Iago, purchase of cannon from, 112.
• Stevenes, John, of Bristol, gun-founder, 110.
• Stithe or choke damp, 8.
• Stone-balls or shot for artillery, 80-1, 109.
• Stone masons, mutual assistance regulations, 237.
• Stone-quarrying, 76-83.
• Stow, in mining, meaning of term, 44.
• Stratton-on-Fosse, coal-mining, 6-7.
• Strelley, Nicholas, legal action respecting coal mine, 12-13.
• Stretton, near Alnwick, forge, 4.
• Strikes, labour, in Middle Ages, 235-6.
• Sudbury, clothmaking industry, 140.
• Suffolk, clothmaking industry, 157, 166-8.
• Sumptuary law of 1363, restrictions as to cloth, 169.
• Sunday, rules against working on, 212-14.
• Surrey: chalk-quarrying, 91;
• clothmaking industry, 167;
• glassmaking industry, 127-9;
• stone quarries, 77.
• Sussex: beer-brewing, 194;
• chalk-quarrying, 91;
• cider industry, 197-8;
• clothmaking industry, 167;
• glassmaking in, 128-9;
• gun-founding, 111, 113;
• iron industry, 24, 26, 28-9, 31, 36-7;
• stone quarries and slates from, 79-80, 82.
• Sutton, Robert, alabaster-worker, 88.
• Tadcaster, stone quarries, 77, 81, 83.
• Tailors, fraternity of yeomen tailors formed, 233-4;
• gild court, 236.
• Tanning of leather, processes employed, 171-7.
• Tan turves, term explained, 54, 173.
• Tarrant Keynston, nunnery, effigy of Queen of Scots in Purbeck marble, 85.
• Tavistock, tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• Tawing of leather, process employed, 171.
• Teazles, use of, in cloth making, 156.
• Temple Church, London, Purbeck marble effigies, 84.
• Thevesdale, stone quarries, 77.
• Thomas de Alemaigne, skill in mining, 59-60.
• Thomasson, Walter, gun-founder, 111.
• Thorp, Robert de, warden of the Devon mines, 47.
• Threle, William, cider made by, 1385, 198.
• Thrillesden (Trillesden), lease of coal mine, 15.
• Thrums, term explained, 152.
• Tideman de Lippe, purchase of English cloth, 139.
• Tiles: floor tiles, process of manufacture, 126-7;
• manufacture of, 119-27;
• price fixed, 119, 210;
• regulations for control of industry, 216, 222.
• Tilman de Cologne, farm of Alston lead mines, 60.
• Timber. See Wood.
• Tindale, Scottish king's liberty of, 41.
• Tin-mining: antiquity claimed for, 62-3;
• economic condition of smaller tin-workers, 69-70;
• free miner's privileges, 70-3;
• methods of working, 64-9;
• stamping dues, 68-9.
• Tithes to the Church, of cider and apples in Sussex, 198;
• lead-miners, payment of, 47-9.
• Toftes, coal mines, 16.
• Tolsester, term explained, 187.
• Torel, William, metal-work of, 95.
• Torksey, brewing-trade regulations, 188.
• Tower of London: gun-founding 110;
• regulations for wages of workmen employed in building operations, 214.
• Trademarks, use of, ordered, 216.
• Trades, segregation of, in towns, 217-18.
• Truro: nomination of members for stannary parliament, 72;
• tin sent to, for coinage duty, 69.
• Tudeley forge, Tonbridge: iron-works, 28;
• wages of workers, 33;
• weight of the bloom, 31.
• Tuning of bells, methods employed, 99-100.
• Tunnoc, Richard, bell-founder and memorial window, 103-4.
• Turn-hearth furnace, 53.
• Tutbury, alabaster dug at, in early times, 86.
• Twist, Gilbert, alabaster-worker, 89.
• Tynemouth, coal-mining, 6.
• Ulnager, official, 160.
• Upchurch, Roman British pottery, 114.
• Utynam, John, brought from Flanders to make glass, 130-1.
• Van Anne, Arnold, mining grant to, 60-1.
• Van Orel, Henry, mining grant to, 60-1.
• Van Riswyk, Dederic, mining grant to, 61.
• Vellacott, C. H., indebtedness to, acknowledged, ix.
• Venetian travellers: on English grapes, 199;
• report on rich metal-work in England, 94-5.
• Vesses or set cloths, manufacture of, 168.
• Victoria County Histories, source of information, viii-ix.
• Vines, cultivation in England, 198-9.
• Vipont, Robert de, trial of thieves in his manor court, 41-2.
• Vlenk, Matthew de, gunmaker, 111.
• Wages: coal-miners, 10-11, 16;
• iron-workers and miners, 32-5;
• lead-miners, 48-9, 53;
• legislation and gild regulations, 202, 210-12, 214, 228;
• saddlers' success in raising, 234, 235;
• shoemakers, 182;
• stone-quarriers, 82-3;
• tin-workers, 70.
• Wakefield, mineral rights, local customs, 11.
• Wales, coal export, in 1592, 18.
• Walker, Humphrey, gun-founder, 113.
• Walking, process in fulling cloth, 153.
• Walsingham, Prior, bells cast at Ely for, 103.
• Walter of Odyngton, a monk of Evesham, system for tuning bells, 99.
• Waltham, Purbeck marble for Eleanor cross, 85.
• Warde, William, dyer, trade dispute at Coventry, 146-7.
• Warwick Castle, foreign stained glass ordered for chapel, 131.
• Warwickshire, coal-mining, 6, 9.
• Water-power, use of, in iron-working, 27, 30;
• in lead mines, 52.
• Watts, Richard, poem on weaving processes, 142.
• Wax chandlers, regulation of charges, 209.
• Weald of Sussex and Kent: centre of ordnance manufacture, after 1543, 113;
• iron industry, 24, 26, 28-9.
• Weardale: iron industry, 27, 31;
• lead mines, 39.
• Weaving industry: gild of alien weavers in London, 225;
• processes employed, 149-52;
• regulations for control of, 228, 235-7;
• religious character of ordinances of gilds, 207;
• restriction of output, 227;
• use of trademarks ordered, 216.
• Weights and Measures: ale standard measures, 188;
• barrel of beer and ale respectively, 195;
• chalder or chaldron, 17-18;
• cloth regulations, 136, 138, 150, 160-3;
• coal for, variety of, 14;
• lead for, variety of, 56.
• Weld, use of, for dying wool, 144, 147.
• Wellington, forest of, wood consumed by limekilns, 90.
• Westminster, regulations for wages of workmen employed in building, 214.
• Westminster Abbey: bell cast for, by Edward Fitz Odo, 102;
• inlaid tiles in chapter-house, 127;
• stone used for, 79.
• Westmoreland, Earl of, alabaster tomb at Staindrop, 88.
• Westmoreland, lead-mining, 60-1.
• Whickham, coal mine, 11, 16-17.
• Whitchurch, Dorset, bells cast for and dispute over, 100.
• Whitechurch, Hants, Roman iron-works, 21.
• Whittington, Richard, 229.
• Whyt, Thomas, lease of tilery, 125.
• Wight, Isle of: clothmaking industry, 167-8;
• question of identification with the Ictis of Diodorus Siculus, 62-3;
• stone quarries, 79.
• Willarby, George, report on lead mines, 60.
• William of Corfe, worker in Purbeck marble, 85.
• William, the founder, 102, 108.
• William of Malmesbury, on manufacture of wine in England, 198.
• William de Plessetis, property in Sea Coal Lane, 4.
• William de Wrotham, warden of the stannaries, 1198, 72.
• Willoughby, Sir John, legal action against Nicholas Strelley, 12-13.
• Wiltshire, limestone quarries, 78-9.
• Wimbish family, bell-founders, 102.
• Winchcombe, John, clothier of Newbury, 158, 167.
• Winchelsea: beer and cider imported, 193, 197;
• hops imported, 194.
• Winchester: clothmaking industry, 133, 136, 138, 150, 151, 158;
• iron sent to, from Forest of Dean, 23;
• stone for royal palace, 78-9.
• Wine, manufacture in England, 198-9.
• Wingerworth, accident at, in 1313, 7.
• Winlaton, coal mines, 11, 17.
• Wirksworth, lead mines, 39.
• Wisborough, cider industry, 198.
• Woad, use of, for dying wool, 144-8.
• Wodeward, William, gun-founder, 102, 108.
• Wolsingham, Durham, water-power used in lead mines, 52.
• Women: employment discouraged, 154, 228;
• exempted from certain trade restrictions, 218;
• iron-workers' wages, 32-3;
• lead mines employment, 51;
• spinning a staple employment, 148-9;
• stone quarrywork, payment for, 82-3.
• Wood, Thomas, builder of Goldsmiths' Row, 95.
• Wood: consumption by iron works, 36-7;
• lead-miners' privileges in Cumberland, 46.
• Woodstock, iron sent to, from Forest of Dean, 23.
• Wookey, smelting of ore at, 58.
• Wool, processes of dealing with, for clothmaking, 141-9.
• Worcester: brewing-trade regulations, 189;
• clothmaking industry, 134, 168;
• tile industry regulations, 120, 222.
• Worcester Cathedral, tomb of King John in marble, 84.
• Worsted, village, clothmaking industry, 139, 161.
• Worsteds, manufacture and frauds practised, 161-2, 164-5, 205.
• Worth, Sussex, wood burnt at iron-mills, 36-7.
• Wren, Christopher, use of Portland stone, 79.
• Wroxeter, discovery at, of Roman use of coal, 1.
• Wye, Kent: cider industry, 197;
• tile manufacture and processes employed, 121-3.
• Wylwringword, John de, gold found in Devon by, 61.
• Yarmouth: clothmaking industry, 165;
• herring fishery, struggle over monopoly, 203.
• York: alabaster industry, 89;
• bell-founding industry, 103.
• York Minster: bell-maker's window, 103-4;
• bells cast for, in 1371, 103;
• English glass bought for, 130;
• Plaster of Paris for, 89-90;
• stained glass for, from abroad, 131;
• stone for, 77.
• Yorkshire: Cistercian ware found in, 118;
• clothmaking industry, 147, 158, 167;
• coal-mining, 6.
• Zoetmann, Cornelius, grave at Playden, 194.