The Life, Times and Scientific Labours of the Second Marquis of Worcester. Also His Century of Inventions 1663. by Henry Dircks

[W] DESCRIPTION OF THE ENGRAVING.

A, A' Two cold water vessels, connected by—

B, B'—the steam pipe, with—

C, the Boiler, set in—

D, the furnace. The cold water vessels A A', also are connected with—

E, the vertical water pipe by means of—

F, F', continuations of the same pipe conducted into and nearly touching the bottom of each vessel A, A'.

G, G', are two water supply pipes, with valves a, a', dipping into—

H, the well. It is obvious that by uniting these pipes, and placing the valves in the upper bend of each, it would be sufficient for a single pipe to dip into the water to be raised.

On the steam pipe B B' is—

b, a four-way steam cock, operated by—

b', its lever handle; and on the horizontal portion of the water pipe F F', is—

c, a four-way water cock, operated by—

c', its lever handle.

^*_*^* The four-way cock is figured and described as early as 1618, by Robert Fludd, in “Historia Macrosmi,” folio, page 467.

In the “Life, Times, &c.,” page 20, we have a view of the deep grooves cut in that side of the Citadel of Raglan Castle, on which the Marquis of Worcester’s Water-works were situated. The grooves would admit the insertion of pipes of about one foot external diameter, either round, or square, and they would carry water nearly twenty-five feet high. In the early use of his engine, he may have forced the water direct from the boiler, or by the using of an independent boiler, as employed by Porta, in 1606; but either way, the arrangement of his Raglan works would seem to have been that of employing a main vertical pipe for each boiler or receiver, instead of each receiver being connected with a four-way cock with one vertical pipe, or “aquaduct.”

With these observations we close our comments on the various articles of the “Century,” after having supplied a mass of most important references to contemporary and earlier scientific authors; as well as offered several entirely new solutions; and reduced the problematical character of this singularly interesting work to one only, being No. 56, which alone remains open to the charge of being a paradox.

Footnotes

[A] See, at page 263, M. Sorbière’s enumeration of inventions considered exceedingly curious in 1663.

[B] A letter from lord Herbert, to Mon. Grubendol, London. MSS. in the Library of the Royal Society. His Lordship alludes to M. Grollier de Servière’s Cabinet, of which a Catalogue was published at Lyon, 1719.

[C] The Life of the Rt. Hon. Francis North, Baron of Guilford, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, under King Charles II, and King James II. By the Hon. Roger North. 2nd ed. 2 vols. 8vo. 1808. Vol. 2, p. 251.

[D] See page 223.

[E] Appendix A.

[F] See Appendix B.

[G] The Marquis, in the 19th article of the “Century,” twice alludes to “a child;” and patenting his invention, which applied to Coaches, he introduces the expression in the 3rd article of his patent of 1661:—“a child of six years old may secure from danger all in the coach,” and “the child being able” to loosen the horses.

[H] See page 302.

[I] We meet with the following singular passages recorded by his biographer, as introductory to the Inventions of James Watt, in the second edition of his Life, 1859. At page 145, it is remarked:—

“When we consider the whole of the contrivances invented by Savery, as described by himself in ‘The Miner’s Friend,’ we cannot but accord to him the praise of very great ingenuity, independent of the merit of having made the first working Steam Engine, (if he was not preceded in that by the Marquis of Worcester); but, at all events, of having been the first who introduced it into use.”

We give this passage as printed, and proceed to the next, at page 156, which is not recorded either in the Contents or Index, only distinguishing certain words:—

“We think it right to add that the language used by Savery in his ‘Miner’s Friend,’ in treating of the advantages, whether ascertained or prospective, of his invention, presents a strong contrast, in point of plainness, simplicity, and modesty, to the more high-flown phrases in which the Marquis of Worcester magnifies the performances of his ‘semi-omnipotent’ engine. Savery was evidently a practical man, possessed of great [1] common sense as well as of [2] ingenuity; and although it would probably be wrong to deny to Lord Worcester the possession of a good deal of the second of those qualities, it may well be doubted how far he is entitled to the claim of any very considerable share of the first” [common sense]!

We believe that the author of this strange composition is a Scotch Advocate of some standing; now it is far from being the character of the legal profession, as a body, to commit to paper such reckless reproach of even the dead; but assuredly it does not require the caution induced by a knowledge of common law to point out the propriety of treating with respect the memory of a man of high birth and untainted reputation, such as was the Marquis of Worcester. But this is not all, we are introduced to a “First Engine,” at the risk of a second “first,” as declared by the same pen! And without fear of contradiction we say the last should be first, and the first last in this category.

[J] From the Lansdown MSS. 121. See also Letters Illustrative of Science. Edited by J. O. Halliwell, F.R.S. &c. 8vo. 1841.

[K] Among the Additional Manuscripts in the British Museum occurs No. 6176, a MS. volume, containing at folio 16, b, a “Certificate of the Armory in the Tower,” signed among others by “W. Balfour,” Lieutenant of the Tower, “17th Dec. 1640.”

[L] Almain engineers seem to have been in much repute.

[M] The original drawing is preserved in the archives of the Royal Society, coarsely executed on paper, measuring 24 by 27 inches.

[N] Savery is supposed to have died in 1715, but no particulars are on record respecting his death and burial.

[O] His address “To the Gentlemen Adventurers in the Mines of England,” is dated “London, Sep. 22, 1701.”

[P] See Appendix G.

[Q] On the contrary, he expressly declares he had never seen such an engine.—H. D.

[R] The Harleian MS. “Century” has for Article No. 88, “A Stamping Engine,” in lieu of the “Brazen Head.” Mr. Partington alters this to “A Coining Engine.”

[S] See Appendix C.

[T] The following concluding part of the MS., added as a postscript, does not appear in the 1st edition, 1663:—“Besides many omitted, and some of three sorts willingly not set down, as not fit to be divulged, least ill use may be made thereof; but to show that such things are also within my knowledge, I will here in myne owne cypher set down at least one of each, not to be concealed where duty, and affection obligeth me.”

[U] This Petition is calendared under the date “1665?” but probably belongs to 1664.

[V] Cal. State Papers, Dom. Series, 1665–6. Edited by Mary A. E. Green, 8vo. 1664, p. 153. No. 138, and No. 138, i.

ADDENDA.

No. 5. Cipher writing. At Page 398, reference is made to a Cipher letter, engraved in “The Life,” at page 180. It was written by the Marquis, as now appears, at Dublin, the 29th of September, 1645. The author having made out the character, is able to supply the following key, or alphabet.[A]

Curiously enough it is the document given at page 139, so that Carte must have obtained a deciphered copy as well. But the words, “the King of the assent,” should be “the King of his assent.” The words, “towards your Excellency” (in the 10th line) are not in the original. Also the words, “And my intention was ever to acquaint your Honour herewith,” should be “and mine intent was ever to acquaint you herewith.” There is no signature to the original, but the written direction shows it was from the Earl of Glamorgan.

We have now authentic proof of the construction and character of at least one Cipher method of writing adopted by the Marquis, eighteen years prior to the publication of the “Century.”

No. 53. An hollowing of a water-screw. A slight addition to the comment on this article will be easily understood by reference to the adjoining three figures, and probably throw some light on what the Marquis may have actually intended. Being desirous to construct a model screw, some years ago, the author designed the following method of making one of tin or zinc, which may be easily shown by cutting out the same in thin pasteboard. Form a number of discs of thin metal like No. 1, say three inches diameter, with a hole in the centre one inch diameter, and the metal cut through at A. Rivet, solder, or otherwise fasten them together, commencing by placing No. 2 on No. 1; now secure the cut edge of A, to the similar edge of b, and so on in succession, until a sufficient pile is obtained. They may now be extended to form a screw, as in No. 3, of any desired pitch. The minuter details of construction will be obvious to any clever artizan.

APPENDIX A.

[The following is from Birch’s MSS. in the British Museum, No. 4459; and portions have been quoted in the Commentary, under each article of invention named herein.]

The Qvint E’ssence of Motion, or a C’ollection of all kinds of Movements, to wit, C’ircular, to & fro; Perpendicular, upwards & downewards; side motions, to y^e right & left; straight Motions, forewards & backwards with a Circular Vehiculum, to wch any of these, may bee applicable or moveable to all y^e points of y^e C’ompasse: At each of wch, it will bee as powerfull as if it were fixt to one place or Center.

All & every of these, by hight of Art, Industry, & Experim^t working y^e same Individuall & Intrinsecall effect, without disturbance one to y^e other: & yet by these absolutely contrary Motions soe perform’d, most strange & incredible E’ffects may bee brought to passe, to y^e Admiration even of y^e greatest Mathematicians.

The knowledge of these things, rendring all things as feacible to him, y^t is Master of this Art, as it is to make a C’ircle with a paire of C’ompasses, or a straight line, w^th a sqvare or Ruler. They beeing a direct abstract of Arithmetick, contrived by mee. And by y^e power of those, I have perfected these following Conclusions, w^th some hundreds besides all experimented by mee.

(1) I can render an ordinary Watch, wch beeing once wound up, will goe constantly, during a Mans life, beeing vsed but once in 24. houres, & (though oftner look’t on:) it is still y^e same, & though not look’t on for a weeke, still y^e same, if not bruised.

(2) By this I can make a Vessel of as great burthen, as y^e River can beare, to goe ag^t y^e streame, wch y^e more rapid it is, y^e faster it shall advance, & y^e moveable part y^t workes it, may bee by one man still guided, to take y^e best advantage of y^e streame, & yet to steer the boat to any point. And this E’ngine is applicable to any Vessell or Boate, whatsoever; without being therefore made on purpose; And worketh these effects. It roweth, it draweth, it driveth (:if need bee:) to passe London bridge ag^t y^e streame at low water: And a boate lying at Anchor, the E’ngine may be used for loading or vnloading.

(3) By this I can make an Artificiall Bird to fly wch way & as long as I please.

(4) By these I can make a ball of S’ilver or G’old wch throwne into a pale or poole of Water, shall rise againe to y^e perfect houre of any day or night: The superficies of y^e Water shall still show the houre distinctly, even y^e minutes, if I please.

(5) By this I can make a C’hilde in a C’oach, to stop y^e horses (run̄ing away) & shall be able to secure hims. & those y^t bee in y^e C’oach, having a little E’ngine placed therein, wch shall not bee perceived in what posture soever y^e horses draw: a C’hildes force shall bee able, to disengage them, from overturning y^e C’oach or prejudicing any body in it.

(6) By these I can make one pound raise an hundred, as high as ye one pound falls, & y^e one pound taken off y^e 112^lb shall againe descend, performing y^e entire effect of an hundred waight (i.e.) have y^t force wch nothing lesse, then 112^lb can have any other way. An incredible effect till seene, but true as strange.

(7) By these a C’hilde shall raise as much water 100 foot high (speaking within C’ompasse) as 6. horses can force vp any other way.

(8) By these I can stop any other Mans Motion, & render it Null, since from any point of y^e C’ompasse, I can forceably & effectually cause a counterbuffe or absolute obstruction of such Motion, wch way I please all wayes, beeing indifferent to mee to worke a perfect resistance, & to countermine their Intentions, or to force their Motions a cleane contrary way.

S’oe here y^u have 9 figures represented, wch in Arithmetick, make all numbers imaginable, soe by y^e helpe of these Motions, noe Manufacture, but may be demonstrated exqvisitely & demonstrably & with great ease and facility. And noe Conclusion in y^e Mathematicks or Mechanicks, but may by these bee brought to passe in great perfection & to admiration. Yet as y^e most excellent tooles cannot worke alone; nor any C’ymeter is soe sharp to cut w^thout an arme to guide it. S’oe without Knowledge, Art, & Ingenuitie, these are fruitlesse. But being set to worke by one of noe more Knowledge then myselfe, am capable off, they will performe w^t is here asserted & more then I could write, from one end off y^e yeare to y^e other.

(Note.—No. 9 is here stated to be left out, but may not the first named, or “Quintessence of Motion,” be No. 1, so making up Nine in all? [See pp. 530, 531.] In the next line the copyist has first written 8 and then altered it to 9, to accord with the sense of the passage.)

APPENDIX B.

Charles the Second, by the grace of God, &c., to all to whom these p^resent^s shall come greeting.

Whereas our right trusty and entirely beloved couzin Edward, Marquesse of Worcester hath for many yeares applied his thought^s and studies, and hath beene at very great charges, to contrive and perfect divers rare and new Invenc̃ons, contenting himselfe with the good and advantage which will redound to the publique and to every particuler industrious workman or curious persons who shall make vse of the said Invenc̃ons, the product^s of his extraordinary expences and ingenuity: And whereas, amongst other vsefull and new Invenc̃ons of farr greater consequence, the said Marquesse hath found out and experimented these severall new Invenc̃ons herein-after perticularly menc̃oned (that is to say)—

“1. To make a watch or clock without string or chaine, or any other kind of winding up but what of necessity must follow if the owner or keeper of the said watch or clock will know the hour of day or night; and yet if he lay it aside several days and weeks without looking or meddling with it, it shall go very well, and as justly as most watches that ever were made.

2. And also an Invention to make certain guns or pistols, which in the tenth part of one minute of an hour may, with a flaske contrived to that purpose, be recharged, the fourth part of one turne of the barrel, which remains still fixt, fastening it as forceably and effectually as a dozen threads of any screw, which in the ordinary and usual way require as many turns.

3. Also an Invention to make an engine applicable to any coach, by which a child of six years old may secure from danger all in the coach, and even the coachman himself, though the horses become never so unruly, the child being able in the twinckleing of an eye to loosen them from the coach, in what posture soever they draw or turne, be it ever so short, or to either hand.

4. Lastly, an Invention to make a boat that roweth, draweth, or setteth even against wind or stream, yea, both, and to any part of the compass which way soever the streame runs or wind blows, and yet the force of the wind or streame causeth its motion, nothing being required but a steersman, and whilst the boat stayeth to be loaded or unloaded, the streame or wind shall perform such work as any water mill or wind mill is capable of.”

All which new Invenc̃ons being of publique vse and benefitt if the same were put in practice, and the lawes of England haveing especially provided for the incouragement of such as are the first authors and invento^rs of profittable and ingenious Invenc̃ons.

Know Yee, that wee, of our especiall grace, certaine knowledge, and meere moc̃on doe for vs, our heires and successo^rs, give and grant vnto the said Edward, Marquesse of Worcester, his executo^rs, administrato^rs, assignee, and assignes, full power, licence, liberty, priviledge, and authoritye, that hee, they, and every of them, by themselves or his or their deputy and deputies, servant^s, agent^s, and workmen, or any of them, from tyme to tyme, and at all tymes hereafter dureing the terme of yeares hereafter in these p^resent^s expressed, shall and may vse, exercise, and imploy all and every or any of the aforesaid Invenc̃ons, before in and by there p^resent^s perticulerly described, in such manner as to him, them, or any of them, in his and their best judgment^s and discrecc̃ons, shall seeme meete, &c., &c.

Yo^r Maj^tie is hereby graciously pleased to grant vnto Edward, Marquesse of Worcester the sole vse and exercise of his severall new Invenc̃ons concerning watches or clock^s, guns or pistolls, coaches, and boates, for fourteene yeares according to the forme of the Statute in that behalfe made and provided, and with such other clauses as are vsuall in grant^s of like nature.

APPENDIX C.

[From page 559 to 567, is the reprint of a rare quarto tract of 22 pages, of which there is a copy in the library of his Grace the Duke of Beaufort; and another in the British Museum, C. 31. d. 1.]

An exact and true Definition of the most Stupendious Water-commanding Engine, invented by the Right Honourable (and deservedly to be praised and admired) Edward Somerset, Lord Marquess of Worcester, and by his Lordship himself presented to his most Excellent Majesty Charles the Second, our most gracious Sovereign.

An Act of Parliament thereupon granted, with great applause of both Houses, being through his Majesties particular favour passed, by special Commission to the Right Honourable the Earl of Clarendon, Lord High Chancellour of England; the Earl of Southampton, Lord High Treasurer; the Lord Roberts, Lord Privy Seal, third Officer of the Crown, preceding all Dukes, not of the Blood Royal; the Duke of Albemarle his Grace, most deservedly by his transcendent merits never to be forgotten, Lord General of his Majesties Land-forces; the Lord Marquess of Dorchester, and the Earl Lynsey, Lord High Chamberlain, by his place preceding all Earls, both likewise of the Privy Council: They passed the said Act upon the third of June, 1663. For the more expedition, and in Testimony of the great consequence thereof to the King and Kingdom.

His most Excellent Majesty having the tenth part, without deducting of Charges, freely given him by the said Lord Marquess, and there evidently accruing a considerable Profit and Benefit to every individual Subject of the whole Nation, if he either have surrounded Marish-ground to drein, or dry Land to improve; Commodities to sell portable from Town to Town, and through the Countrys to the Towns by Cuts thus fed by water; or if he have (I further say) Mines wherewith to enrich himself withall, Houses to be served, or Gardens to be beautified by plentiful Fountains with little charge, yet certain in ever so dry a Summer: and there being indeed no place but either wanteth water, or is overburdened therewith, and by this Engine either defect is remediable, that is to say, water necessary to man-kind, furnished with the pleasantness thereof, procured, and the water unnecessary, as easily rejected.

Thus whole Cities may be kept Clean, Delightful and Wholesome, needing no other Scavengery then by means thereof to void their dirt, and avoid noisomness, the Cause of Infection, Sicknesses, and Contagion it self, by Stenches commonly ingendring and fomenting the same.

After the Act of Parliament, there is here set down a Latin Elogium, & an English Panegirick, both of them composed through duty and gratitude by an Antient Servant of his Lordships, presuming to begin the way to the greatest Wits and Poets to dilate upon so plentiful and admirable a Theam, and so deserving a person of King and Kingdom, and of all that ever knew him.

This Antient Servant of his Lordships, hath for forty years been an eye witness of his great ingenuity, indefatigable pains, and vaste expences in perfecting for publique service, not onely this most Stupendious Water-commanding Engine, but likewise several other rare, useful, and never formerly heard of Mathematical Conclusions, of which he hath owned a Century, and thereunto I refer you: though this alone were enough to eternalize his Name to all Ages and future times.

I think it not amiss to give further notice in his Lordships behalf, that he intends within a moneth or two to erect an Office, and to intrust some very responsible and honourable persons with power to Treat and Conclude with such as desire at a reasonable rate to reap the benefit of the same Water-commanding Engine, in any of the aforesaid useful and beneficial operations, whereof his Majesty is to reap the first fruit; and then the whole Kingdom in general, before his Lordship is re-imbursed, and his reward beginneth; whose laudable inventions Almighty God prosper with blessings on earth, and reward in heaven.

The same individual Definition of my Water-work, which I formerly presumed to put into Your Royal Hands, I again adventure to present to Your Majesty; praying Your Belief of it, as Your Majesty shall find it true by comparing it with the real Effect; which, if found punctually agreeing, Vouchsafe then not to be apt hereafter to lend a believing Ear to such persons, as Malice causeth to detract from, or Ignorance to slight what shall (though never so seemingly strange) be averr’d by me, who will never be convinced of a Falshood in Word or Deed towards Your Sacred Majesty; before whom I shall ever speak as in the presence of Almighty God, whose Vicegerent on Earth I deem You: And to Your Majesties transcentdent Judgment I submit all, and will presume to subscribe my self,

A Stupendious or a Water-Commanding Engine, boundless for Height, or Quantity, requiring no External, nor even Additional help, or force to be set, or continued in motion, but what intrinsecally is afforded from its own Operation, nor yet the twentieth part thereof: And the Engine consisteth of the following Particulars;—

4. A Vicegerent or Countervail supplying the place, and performing the full force of a Man, Wind, Beast, or Mill.

5. A Helm or Stern, with Bitt and Reins, wherewith any Child may guide, order, and controul the whole Operation.

6. A particular Magazine for Water, according to the intended Quantity or Height of Water.

8. A place for the Original Fountain or even River to run into, and naturally of its own accord incorporate it self with the rising Water, and at the very bottom of the same Aquaduct, though never so big or high.

By Divine Providence, and Heavenly Inspiration, this is my Stupendious Water-commanding Engine, boundless for Height and Quantity.

And consequently, to him all Forceable Actions and Atchievments are easie, which are in any wise beneficial to or for Mankind.

An Act to Enable Edward Marquess of Worcester to Receive the Benefit and Profit of a Water-Commanding Engine by him Invented; One Tenth part whereof is appropriated for the Benefit of the Kings Majesty, His Heirs and Successors.[C]

Whereas The Right Honourable Edward Marquess of Worcester hath affirmed to the Kings most Excellent Majesty, That he hath by long and indefatigable pains and study, and with great and vast expences, invented and found out a Secret in Nature, never heretofore discovered, being a Water-Commanding Engine, of greater force and advantage then hitherto hath been known; and being no Pump or Force now in use, nor working by any Suckers, Barrels, or Bellows heretofore used for the raising and conveying of Water; which said Engine will yield very great benefit and advantage to the Common-wealth, by draining of all sorts of Mines, Marish, Oazie, or Overflown Grounds; by furnishing of Rivers and Cutts with water to make them Navigable and Portable from Town to Town; by improving of Lands wanting water; by the supplying and bringing in of water into the City of London, or into any other places: and by divers other ways and means whereby great Encouragement will be given to the People of this Nation to undertake to work rich Mines, to drain, and gain in many Marish, Oazie, and surrounded Grounds, which hitherto they have been deterred to endeavour the improvement of, by reason of the vast sums of money which must be necessarily expended by the draining and conveying away the water out of the same. And whereas the said Edward Marquess of Worcester is willing and contented to setle a tenth part of the accruing benefit thereof upon his Majesty, His Heirs and Successors, for the term of years after in this Act mentioned; To the end therefore that the said Edward Marquess of Worcester may have and enjoy the full and particular benefit and profit of this his new Invention, with a Prohibition to all others to make use thereof for ninety and nine years: May it therefore please the Kings most Excellent Majesty, That it may be enacted, And Be it Enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and the Commons, in this present Parliament Assembled, and by the Authority thereof, That it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, His Executors and Assigns, from time to time, and at all times hereafter, during the said ninety and nine years, to have, receive, take, and enjoy, to his and their own proper use and uses, the Profit, Benefit, and Advantage which shall any ways arise, happen, or accrue by means or reason of the aforesaid Engine and new Invention. And be it also Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That one full tenth part of the accruing Benefit thereof (without deduction or abatement for or by reason of any Charges or Expences whatsoever) shall be paid and answered, and accounted for by the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, his Executors, Administrators, and Assigns, for His Majesty, His Heirs and Successors, into His Majesties publick receipt of Exchequer yearly, and every year at the Feasts of Saint Michael the Arch-angel and the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, during the said Term of Ninety nine years, the first payment to be made at the Feast of Saint Michael the Arch-angel, which shall be in the year of our Lord God, One thousand six hundred sixty and three; And be it further Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, that if any Person or Persons whatsoever within his Majesties Kingdom of England & Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging, do, or shall at any time hereafter, during the said term, Counterfeit, Imitate, put in practice, or erect the said Water-commanding Engine (without the consent and License first had and obtained in writing from the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, or his Assignes) That it shall, and may be lawful to and for the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, or his Assignes, with his, or their Agents or Work-men by a Warrant from the Lord Chief Justice, or from any two Justices of Peace within the respective County or Liberty, where such search shall be made, and assisted by the Constable or Constables neer adjacent, to enter into, or upon the said place or places where the said Work or Engine shall be made or erected; And upon discovery of any such Engine, to proceed against the said Person or Persons by Action, Information or Indictment; and after Conviction thereof in due course of Law in any Assizes, or publique Sessions of the Peace, or any of the Courts at Westminster, or any other His Majesties Courts of Record in any City, Burrough, or Town Corporate, or in any Stanary Court, or Jurisdiction of Leadmines; Then such Engines to be forfeited, and seized to and for the use of the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, his Executors, Administrators and Assignes respectively: And further, that the said Actor or Actors, Contriver or Contrivers thereof, and every of them, shall lose, and forfeit Five pounds of lawful Money of England an Hour for every Hour, he or they shall be Convicted, by one or more credible Witnesses upon Oath, to use the same, after such Conviction without the consent and License of the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, or his Assignes, first had and obtained in manner as aforesaid; the same to be recovered in the name of the said Edward Marquess of Worcester, his Executors, or Assignes, at the Common Law by any Action or Actions to be grounded upon this Statute; The same Action and Actions to be heard, and determined in any of his Majesties Courts of Record, in which Suit no Essoign, Protection, or Wager of Law shall be allowed; one third part whereof shall be to the Kings most Excellent Majesty, one other third part to the Informer or Discoverer, and the other third part to the said Marquess of Worcester, his Executors and Assignes. Provided always, and it is hereby Declared, That this Act, or any thing therein contained, shall not prejudice any other Water-work or Engine now known and used, nor any Person or Persons, who before the making of this present Act have obtained any Letters Patents from his Majesty, for the sole making and using of any new Engine for the carriage of Water; But that the said other Water-work, and the said Letters Patents shall be and remain of the same force and effect, as if this Act had never been had or made, any thing herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided always, that nothing in this Act contained shall be construed, or taken to prejudice, or hinder any Person or Persons from making, or using any Engine, Device or Invention, for ther raising and carriage of Water, other then the Engine in this Act mentioned; And that a Model thereof be delivered by the said Marquess, or his Assignes, to the Lord Treasurer or Commissioners for the Treasury for the time being, at or before the Nine and Twentieth day of September, One thousand six hundred sixty three; And be by him or them then put into the Exchequer, and kept there.

In admirandam magis quàm imitandam, aut ullis Encomiis satis prædicandam, Illustrissimi Domini Marchionis Vigorniæ Machinam Hydraulicam, Elogium.

A Panegyrick to the Right Honourable Edward, Lord Marquess of Worcester, Upon his stupendious and never-sufficiently-commended Water-work.