Brahmanism, i, 51 sq.;
schisms in, i, 54; ii, 497;
Dravidian influence on, i, 56 n.

Brahmo-Somaj movement, ii, 497

Brandes, G., ii, 457

—— E., ii, 457

Braun, ii, 418

Breasted, J. H., cited, i, 74

Breitburg, ii, 136 n.

Breitinger, ii, 234 n.

Brethren of the Free Spirit, i, 2, 317, 333, 335, 362, 446

—— Sincere (of Purity), i, 256

—— Bohemian, i, 419

—— of the Common Lot, i, 438

Bretschneider, ii, 423, 425

Brett, Prof., ii, 66 n.

Brewster, cited, ii, 110, 112, 113, 151, 178, 464

Briçonnet, i, 428

Bridges, Dr., i, 344 n.

Brihaspati, i, 53, 54

Brissot de Warville, ii, 244

“Broad Church,” ii, 375

Brooke, ii, 20

Brougham, ii, 448 n., 449 n.

Brown, ii, 194

—— W., ii, 458 n.

Browne, Sir T., i, 3, 11; ii, 100 sq.

—— Bishop, ii, 150

—— E. G., cited, i, 261

Browning, ii, 413, 452

—— quoted, ii, 231

Brunetière, ii, 443

Brunetto Latini, i, 348, 398 n.

Bruno, Giordano, i, 21, 411 n., 451, 469; ii, 43 sq., 134, 458

Bryce, cited, i, 18, 294

Bucer, i, 447

Buchanan, ii, 283

Büchner, ii, 418, 436 n., 478 sq.

Buckingham, ii, 97

Buckle, i, 13, 480; ii, 402, 469;
cited, i, 272, 306, 341, 356, 391 n., 481 n.; ii, 66, 105, 173, 22425, 227, 228, 256, 269 n.

Buckley, i, 130 n.

Buddeus, i, 11

Buddha, traditions of, i, 55 sq.

Buddhism, i, 52 n., 55 sq., 149; ii, 491 sq., 497

Budé, i, 388

Budge, Dr. Wallis, i, 70, 75

Budny, ii, 37

Buffier, ii, 130, 215, 249 n.

Buffon, ii, 207, 262, 264

Bulgarians, i, 281; ii, 498

Bull, Dr., ii, 114

Bullen, cited, ii, 100 n.

Burckhardt, cited, i, 131, 328 n., 367 n., 369, 409

Burgers, ii, 416

Burghley, cited, i, 468

Buridan, i, 360

Burigny, ii, 225, 226, 238, 241, 245, 248, 258

Burke, ii, 205, 209

Burke, V. R., cited, i, 340–41

Burlamaqui, ii, 379

Burleigh, Walter, i, 346 n.

Burnet, Bishop, cited, i, 6, 432 n., 460 n.; ii, 78, 111, 153, 166; ii, 365

—— Dr. J., cited, i, 122, 142, 149, 151, 192

—— Dr. T., ii, 109, 115, 176, 182

Burns, i, 352; ii, 208209

Bury, A., ii, 111

—— J. B., i, 10, 126 n., 247 n.

—— Richard de, i, 334

Busher, Leonard, ii, 24

Busone da Gubbio, i, 328 n.

Bussy, ii, 142

Butler, ii, 143, 168, 179, 251, 252

Byron, ii, 444

Byzantium, civilization of, i, 246;
freethought in, i, 277 sq.

Caballero, ii, 387

Cabanis, ii, 387, 459 sq., 462

Cadell, Mrs. A. M., i, 264 n.

Cælestius, i, 229, 232

Cæsar, i, 206 sq., 212

Cagnuelo, ii, 375

Caird, E., i, 441

Cairns, ii, 265, 274 n.

Calas, ii, 220

Calderon, ii, 39

Calendar, reform of, i, 262, 457

Callidius, ii, 33

Callimachus, i, 184

Calovius, i, 457

Calvert, A. F., cited, i, 95

Calvin, i, 2, 379, 383, 392, 408 n., 414, 431, 439, 442 sq., 455

Calvinism, i, 442 sq., 462; ii, 22, 378 sq.

Cambridge university in 18th century, ii, 167

Cambyses, i, 66, 76

Camden, cited, ii, 5 n.

Campanella, ii, 309

Campanus, i, 435

Cannibalism, i, 43

Cantatapiedra, Martinez de, ii, 39

Cantù, i, 13; cited, i, 411 n.

Caraffa, Cardinal, i, 408, 412

Cardan, i, xv, 349 n.

Carducci, ii, 454

Carlile, ii, 394, 408

Carlyle, ii, 232, 270 n., 313 sq., 447, 448, 449, 450, 466 n., 469, 489

Carmelites, the, i, 330

Carneades, i, 187, 200

Carnesecchi, i, 412

Caroline, Queen, ii, 165 n.

Carpi, Marquis of, ii, 365

Carpocrates, i, 228

Carra, ii, 243

Carranza, ii, 44

Carriere, cited, i, 390 n.; ii, 49 n.

Carrol, ii, 109

Cartaud, ii, 291

Cartesianism, ii, 103 sq., 121, 128, 133

Casaubon, Isaac, i, 464

—— Meric, ii, 86

Casimir the Great, i, 423

Cassels, W. R., ii, 439 n.

Cassini, ii, 178

Castalio, i, 392, 442, 446

Castelli, ii, 58

Castelnau, ii, 45

Castillon, ii, 239, 241

Casuistry, ii, 74

Cataneo, ii, 218, 280

Cathari, i, 292, 296

Catherine the Great, ii, 260, 364

Catholic Church and civilization, i, 192–93

Cato, i, 199, 200–201

Cavalcanti, the two, i, 325 and n.

Cavoli, i, 411

Caxton, i, 353

Cecco d’Ascoli, i, 327

Cellario, i, 412

Celso, i, 392

Celsus, i, 236 sq.

Censorship, Roman, i, 212

Centeno, ii, 375

Cerinthus, i, 225 n.

Cerise, ii, 461 n.

Cerutti, ii, 280

Cervantes, ii, 39, 40

Cesalpini, ii, 63 n.

Chaeremon, i, 211

Chaitanya, ii, 497

Chaldea, science in, i, 180

Chalmers, ii, 485;
cited, i, 85

Chaloner, ii, 78

Chamberlain, B. H., cited, ii, 491 sq.

Chambers, R., ii, 464 sq.

Chamfort, ii, 259, 279, 288

Champion, i, 476 n., 479; ii, 233

Chandragupta, i, 59

Channing, ii, 344

Chapman, G., ii, 13, 17

—— Dr. John, ii, 408 n.

Charlemagne, i, 24, 293

Charles II, ii, 73, 84

—— III of Spain, ii, 377

—— IV of Spain, ii, 377

—— IV, Emperor, i, 415

—— V, i, 341, 401, 408, 412, 414; ii, 32

Charleton, W., ii, 81, 82

Charron, i, 480 sq.; cited, ii, 492

Chastellain, i, 429

Chateaubriand, ii, 421, 438, 441

Châtelet, Marquise du, ii, 230

Chatham. See Pitt

Chatterton, ii, 199

Chaucer, i, 346 sq.

Chaumette, ii, 278

Chazars, the, i, 292 n.

Cheffontaines, i, 474

Chelsum, ii, 205

Chénier, A., ii, 254

Chesterfield, cited, ii, 165 n.

Cheyne, Dr., ii, 431 n., 434

—— cited, i, 105 n., 106, 107, 112, 115; ii, 167 n., 17576

Chillingworth, ii, 106

China, thought in, i, 82 sq.

—— evolution of, i, 136

Chivalry and religion, i, 356 sq.

Choiseul, ii, 236

Cholmeley, ii, 12

Chosroes, i, 240 n.

Christian II of Denmark, ii, 138

—— III, ii, 354

Christianity, theory of, i, 18;
rise of, i, 210, 216;
hostility of to freethought, i, 224;
in Egypt, i, 77;
strifes of, i, 215–16;
and conduct, i, 18, 19, 223;
and cruelty, i, 172;
and war, ii, 500

Christie, R., i, 383 n., 386; ii, 51, 53 n.

Christina, Queen, ii, 121, 357 sq.

Chronology, Biblical, criticism of, ii, 9

Chrysostom, i, 239 n., 241, 242

Chubb, ii, 161

Chuen-Aten, i, 72 sq.

Church, popular hostility to, ii, 75

Church, Dean, cited, ii, 28

Churchill, Lord Randolph, ii, 401

Chwang-Tsze, i, 86

Cicero, i, 168, 175, 199, 202 sq.

Clairaut, ii, 177

Clarke, i, 8 n.; ii, 98, 104, 105, 150, 166, 168, 196

—— John, ii, 394

—— W. R., i, 232

Clarkson, ii, 76

Claudius of Turin, i, 282, 298 n.

—— of Savoy, i, 468

Clavel, ii, 129 n.

Clayton, Bishop, ii, 189

Cleanthes, i, 184;
in Campaspe, ii, 3

Clemens Alexandrinus, i, 175, 225, 226

—— Romanus, i, 227

Clement IV, i, 343

—— VII, i, 382, 408

—— XIV, ii, 369 sq., 371

Clergy, extortion by, i, 292, 311

—— vice among, i, 292, 331

—— hostility to, i, 282, 292, 295; ii, 79, 171

Clerke, ii, 114

Clifford, M., ii, 90

—— Professor, ii, 403, 450, 467

Clitomachos, i, 187

Clootz, ii, 244, 278

Clough, ii, 452

Cobbett, i, 404

Coger, ii, 282

Coifi, i, 39

Colbert, ii, 67, 142

Cole, P., ii, 5

Colenso, i, 38, 108; ii, 418, 431, 433

Coleridge, i, 231; ii, 9, 349 n., 44344, 446, 447, 450, 487 sq.

Colet, i, 404 n.

“Collegiants,” the, ii, 136 n.

Colletet, ii, 122

Collins, Anthony, i, 7, 21; ii, 113, 138, 150 n., 154 sq., 166, 174, 225

—— W. E., cited, i, 306

—— Prof. J. C., ii, 23233

Columbus, i, 345

Combe, G. and A., ii, 398

Comenius, i, 5; ii, 30

Comines, i, 356

Communism, primitive, and ethics, i, 93

—— in the Reformation, i, 418, 425

Comparison of creeds, effect of, i, 44, 135, 198

Comte, Auguste, ii, 405, 467, 468, 479, 483 sq.

—— Charles, ii, 468;
cited, ii, 281 n.

Comtism, ii, 405, 483 sq.

Conches. See William

Concordat, Napoléon’s, ii, 293

Condillac, ii, 235, 261, 265, 459

Condorcet, ii, 227, 243, 274, 285, 468

Confucianism, ii, 111, 494

Confucius, i, 82 sq.; ii, 111

Connor, ii, 115

Conrad, Joseph, ii, 451

—— the Inquisitor, i, 305 n.

—— of Waldhausen, i, 415

Conservatism, savage, i, 22;
chiefs and, i, 41;
and interaction of communities, i, 44;
and economics, i, 64;
of Confucius and Lao Tsze, i, 84;
of Romans, i, 203

Constance, Council of, i, 366, 417

Constans, i, 240 n.

Constant, B., i, 31; ii, 442, 470 n.

Constantine, i, 233

—— Copronymus, i, 281

Constantius, i, 234, 240 n.

Conway, M. D., ii, 402, 413 sq., 453 n., 454

—— cited, i, 220 n.; ii, 384 n.

Conybeare, ii, 173

—— F. C., i, 280 n.; ii, 425 n.

Cooke, Miss A. M., i, 395

Cooper, J. G., ii, 201

—— T., ii, 201

Coornhert, ii, 33 sq.

Copernicus, i, 441, 456, 457, 477 n.; ii, 32, 41 sq., 47

Coping, John, ii, 5

Coquereau, ii, 291

Coquerel, ii, 404

Coras, i, 393

Corelli, Miss, ii, 451

Corneille, i, 2; ii, 122

Cornelius Agrippa, i, 402

Cornford, F. M., i, 13, 139

Cornill, i, 112

Cornutus, i, 191

Corodi, ii, 432

Corporate culture, i, 122–23, 139

Cosimo dei Medici, i, 372

Cosmas Indicopleustes, i, 241

Cosmology, ancient, i, 80, 118, 125

Cotta, i, 203

Cotterill, J. M., i, 238 n.

Counter-Reformation, the, ii, 56

Cousin, i, 313, 321 n.; ii, 52 n., 124 n., 479

Coward, ii, 152, 166

Cowell, Professor, cited, i, 264

Cowper, ii, 207

Craig, ii, 116, 150 n.

Craik, cited, ii, 149 n.

Cramer, ii, 418

Cranmer, i, 459

Crates, in Campaspe, ii, 3

Creation, doctrine of, i, 118

Creator-Gods, i, 62, 90, 182

Credulity, evolution of, i, 91 sq.

Cremonini, ii, 57, 63 n.

Créqui, Madame de, ii, 223 n.

Croce, on Vico, ii, 366 sq.

Cromwell, i, 206 n.; ii, 73, 78

Crotus, i, 434, 435

Crousaz, cited, ii, 165

Cruelty, Christian and pagan, i, 172, 246;
Moslem, i, 264

Crusades, effects of, i, 47 n., 295

Crusius, ii, 346

Cudworth, i, 4; ii, 87, 95, 101 n., 104, 14950

Cuffelaer, ii, 258

Culverwel, ii, 80

Cumberland, i, 30; ii, 80, 103, 104

Cuper, Franz, ii, 136

Curnier, cited, ii, 210 n.

Curtius, E., cited, i, 127

Cuvier, ii, 449 n., 463, 464

Cybelê, cult of, i, 64

Cynics, the, i, 183

Cyrano de Bergerac, ii, 123

Cyrenaics, the, i, 183

Cyril, i, 235, 239

Cyrus, i, 64, 65, 66

Czechowicz, ii, 37

D’Aguesseau, ii, 258

Daillé, ii, 120

Daillon, ii, 138

D’Alba, ii, 372

D’Alembert, ii, 177, 235, 236 n., 258, 271 sq., 286, 372

Dalton, cited, i, 41 n.

Damilaville, ii, 267, 291

Damiron, ii, 480

Damon, i, 154

Dandolo, ii, 367

Dante, i, 324, 325 sq., 330 n.

Danton, ii, 279

Daoud, i, 101

Darboy, Archbishop, ii, 406

Dareios, i, 65, 66

D’Argens, ii, 225, 238, 242, 262

D’Argenson, ii, 223, 235 sq., 258, 281, 282 n., 286, 288 n.

Darigrand, ii, 291

“Dark Ages,” the, i, 277 n.

Darmesteter, cited, i, 68

D’Arusmont, Madame, ii, 499

Darwin, C., ii, 207, 450, 464, 465, 466, 467

—— E., ii, 207, 464

Darwinism, early, ii, 365, 366

Daudet, ii, 442

Daumer, ii, 433

David, King, i, 101

—— of Dinant, i, 317, 333

Davides, i, 421; ii, 37

Davids, Rhys, cited, i, 55, 58

Davidson, J., ii, 453

Davies, J. C., ii, 201

—— Archbishop, ii, 98

—— Sir John, ii, 21

Davis, ii, 205

Deaf-mutes, beliefs of, i, 42

De Brosses, ii, 246, 250, 470

Decameron, The, i, 350 sq.

Decharme, i, 13, 127, 132

De Crousaz, ii, 237 n.

Deffand, Madame du, ii, 223 n.

Degeneration in religion, i, 87, 91 sq., 243

D’Eichthal, ii, 440

Deification, i, 185, 208, 209

“Deism” and “deist,” use of words, i, 4, 466; ii, 91

—— early Italian and French, i, 328

—— English, ii, 25, 28, 31, 69 sq., 147 sq.

—— French, ii, 223 sq.

—— German, ii, 302 sq., 329 sq.

—— American, ii, 317 sq.

—— Scottish, ii, 182

Déiste,” introduction of word, i, 1

Dekker, ii, 17

De la Chambre, ii, 226

De la Chapelle, ii, 226

Delamare, cited, ii, 141

Delambre, ii, 254

De la Serre, ii, 225, 226, 238

Deleyre, ii, 239

Delisle de Sales, ii, 242, 290

Delmedigo, E. and J. S., i, 379

De Lolme, ii, 290

De Longue, L. P., ii, 238

Delphi, oracle of, i, 135, 186

De Maillet, ii, 239, 262 sq.

Dêmêtêr, i, 153

Demetrius Phalereus, i, 183

—— Poliorkêtes, i, 186

Democracy and freethought, i, 151, 155, 160, 167; ii, 209, 277 sq., 282 sq.

Demokritos, i, 136, 157 sq., 181

Demonax, i, 190

Denk, i, 436

Denman, Lord, ii, 395

Denmark, culture history of, ii, 354 sq., 457

Denyse, ii, 215