| + | Plus |
| − | Minus |
| ± | Plus or minus |
| ∓ | Minus or plus |
| × | Multiplied by13 |
| ÷ | Divided by |
| = | Equal to |
| ≠ | Not equal to |
| ≡ | Identical with |
| ≢ | Not identical with |
| ≅ | Congruent to |
| ＞ | Greater than |
| ＜ | Less than |
| ≏ | The difference between |
| ≎ | Is equivalent to |
| ∫ | Integration |
| : and : : | Proportion |
| ∝ | Varies as |
| ≐ | Approaches as a limit |
| ∞ | Infinity |
| ∴ | Therefore |
| ∵ | Because |
| … | Continuation |
| √ | The radical sign |
| ⊥ | Perpendicular to |
| [∟5] | Factorial sign |
| ∥ | Parallel |
| ⌒ | Arc of circle |
| ° | Degree of circle |
| ′ | Minute of circle |
| ″ | Second of circle |
| ∠ ⦠ | Angle |
| ∟ | Right angle |
| □ | Square |
| ▭ | Rectangle |
| ▱ | Parallelogram |
| △ | Triangle |
13 This is also indicated algebraically by a dot, as, a · b
| āā | (ἀνά) of each |
| ℞ | (Recipe) take |
| ℥, ℥i | Ounce, one ounce |
| ℥ss | Half an ounce |
| ℥iss | One ounce and a half |
| ℥ij | Two ounces |
| Ʒ | Drachm |
| ℈ | Scruple |
| ○ | (Octavius) Pint |
| ℥ | Fluid ounce |
| Ʒ | Fluid drachm |
| m. | Minim or drop |