Protected Cruisers: D’Entrecasteaŭx (completed 1898), 7,990 tons, 191⁄2 knots, armament: 2-9·4 in., 12-5·5 in., 16 smaller, 6 torpedo tubes. Gŭichen (1902), 8,150 tons, 23 knots, 2-6·4 in., 6-5·5 in., 15 smaller, 2 torpedo tubes. Jurien de la Gravière (1901), 5,590 tons, 22 knots, 8-6·4 in., 10 smaller, 2 torpedo tubes. D’Estrées (1900) 2,421 tons, 201⁄2 knots, 2-5·5 in., 4-3·9 in., 3 torpedo tubes. Dŭ-Chayla (1897) 3,890 tons, 20 knots, 6-6·4 in., 4-3·9 in., 2 torpedo tubes. Lavoisier (1899), 2,285 tons, 20 knots, 4-5·5, 2-3·9 in., 2 torpedo tubes. Friant (1894), 3,882 tons, 19 knots, 6-6·4 in., 4-3·9 in., 2 torpedo tubes. Also: Alger, Sŭrcoŭf, Cosmao, very old ships, of small fighting value.

Destroyers: 80 boats (1901-1914), 310-710 tons, 25-31 knots, armed with 9 pdrs. or 3·4-in., guns 2-4 torpedo tubes.

Torpedo-Boats: 90-100 boats (1890-1909), 90-185 tons, 24-30 knots, armed with small quick-firers and 2-3 torpedo tubes.

Submarines: 75 boats (1903-14), 106-740 tons, 12-18 knots (surface), armed with 4-8 torpedo tubes.

THE RUSSIAN NAVY

BATTLESHIPS—PRE-DREADNOUGHTS

Name. Ton-
nage.		 Speed
(kts.)		 Com’-
ment.		 Com-
pleted.		 Armour. Armament.
             
A. Pervosvanni   - 17,400 18   900 1911 (Krupp) Belt: am. 81⁄2-in.; f. 5, a. 4-in.; P.D. 3-in.; Barbette 12, Bty 5, C.T. 8-in. 12-in., four; 8-in., twelve; 4·7, twenty; torpedo tubes, five.
Imperator Pavel I „
             
Slava 13,500 18   700 1905 (Krupp) Belt: am. 9-in.; f. 4, a. 4, P.D. 4-in.; Barbette 10, T. 6, C.T. 10-in. 12-in., four; 6-in., twelve; smaller, twenty-five; torpedo tubes, four (two submerged).
             
Cesarevitch 12,912 18   750 1903 (Krupp) Belt: am. 10, f. 4, a. 4, P.D. 4-in.; Barbette 11-in.; Turret 6-in.; C.T. 10-in. 12-in., four; 6-in., twelve; 12-pr., twenty; smaller, thirty; torpedo tubes, three (two submerged).
             
[30]Panteleimon   - 12,733 16   700 1911 (Krupp) Belt: am. 9, f. 2, a. 2, P.D. 21⁄2-in.; Barbette 12-in., Battery 5-in., C.T. 10-in. 12-in., four; 6-in., sixteen; 12-pr., fourteen; smaller, sixteen; torpedo tubes, five (two submerged).
[31]Ivan Zlatoust 1910
             
[32]Evstafi 12,500 17   700 1911 (H.) Belt: am. 16-in.; P.D. 3-in.; Barbette 16-in.; Battery 5-in.; C.T. 12-in. 12-in., four; 8-in., four; 6-in., twelve; smaller, twenty-two.
             
[33]Rostislav 9,000 16 ·5 600 „ (H.) Belt: 15, P.D. 3-in.; Barbette 15-in.; Battery 6, C.T. 10-in. 10-in., four; 6-in., eight; smaller, thirty; torpedo tubes, four (above water).
             
[34]G. Pobiedonosetz 11,200 16   550 1895 (C.) Belt: am. 18-in.; f. 10-in.; a. 10-in.; Barbette 12-in.; C.T. 16-in. 12-in., six; 6-in., seven; smaller, twenty; torpedo tubes, six (under water).
[Four Dreadnoughts were nearly complete when war opened.]

[30-34] All these ships are in the Black Sea.

Note to Armour.—am. = amidships; f. = forward; a. = aft; P.D. = protective deck; C.T. = conning tower.

ARMOURED CRUISERS.

Name. Ton-
nage.		 Speed
(kts.)		 Com’-
ment.		 Com-
pleted.		 Armour. Armament.
Rurik 15,000 22   800 1907 (Krupp) Belt: am. 6, f. 4, a. 3, P.D. 11⁄2-in.; Barbette 8-in., Battery 3, C.T. 8-in. 10-in., four; 8·8, eight; 4·7, twenty; torpedo tubes, two (submerged).
             
Admiral Makaroff   - 7,900 21   570 1908 (Krupp) Belt: am. 8-in., f. 4; a. 3; 8-in., f. 4; a. 3; P.D. 2-in.; Barbette 7, Battery 31⁄2, C.T. 61⁄2. 8-in., two; 6-in., eight; smaller, twenty; torpedo tubes, two (submerged).
Pallada 1910
Bayan „
             
Gromoboi 12,400 20   800 1900 (H.) Belt 6-in.; P.D. 2-in.; Casemates 6-in.; C.T. 10-in. 8-in., four; 6-in., sixteen; 12-pr., twenty; smaller, twenty-four; torpedo tubes, two.
             
Rossia 12,130 20   750 1898 Belt: am. 10-in.; f. 5, a. 4, P.D. 21⁄2-in.; Bulkheads 6, Casemates 2, C.T. 8-in. 8-in., four; 6-in., sixteen; 12-pr., twelve; smaller, thirty-six; torpedo tubes, six (above water).

Note to Armour.—am. = amidships; f. = forward; a. = aft; P.D. = protective deck; C.T. = conning tower.

Protected Cruisers: Askold (completed 1901), 5,905 tons, 23 knots, armament: 12-6 in., 26 smaller guns, 6 torpedo tubes. Diana and Aurora (1902), 6,700 tons, 20 knots, armament: 8-6 in., 30 smaller guns, 4 torpedo tubes. Oleg, Kagul[35], Pamyat Merkurya,[36] (1904-05), 6,645 tons, 24 knots, 12-6 in., 26 smaller guns, 2 torpedo tubes. Zemtchug (1903), 3,106 tons, 23 knots, 8-4·7 in., 12 smaller guns, 2 torpedo tubes. Almaz,[37] (1903) 3,285 tons, 19 knots, 3-4·7 in., 14 smaller, 2 torpedo tubes.

Destroyers: There are 140 destroyers (1895-1913), 220-1050 tons, 25-27 knots, armed with 12-pdr. or 4-in. guns and 3-5 torpedo tubes. Of this total, 31 boats are in the Black Sea or Far East.

Torpedo-Boats: 29 boats (1897-1902), 118-186 tons, 24-30 knots; armed with small quick-firers and 1-3 torpedo tubes.

Submarines: 14 boats (1904-10) 150-370 tons, 9-16 knots (surface), 2-4 torpedo tubes.

[35-37] All these ships are in the Black Sea.

THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN NAVY.

BATTLESHIPS.

Name. Ton-
nage.		 Speed
(kts.)		 Com-
ple-
ment.		 Com-
pleted.		 Armour. Armament.
             
Prinz Eugen   - 20,000 22   950 1912 Belt: am. 11-in.; f. 7-in.; a. 6-in.; gun positions and C.T. 12-in. 12-in., twelve; 5·9, twelve; smaller, 22.
Tegetthoff 1914
Viribus Unitis 1913
             
Erz. Ferdinand   - 14,500 20 ·5 816 1910 (Krupp) Belt: am. 9-in.; f. 6-in.; a. 4-in.; gun positions and C.T. 10-in. 12-in., four; 9·4 eight; 3·9, twenty; 3 torpedo tubes (submerged).
Radetzki 1911
Zrinyi „
             
Erzherzog Friedrich   - 10,500 20   875 1906 (Krupp) Belt: am. 81⁄2-in.; P.D. 21⁄2-in.; Barbette 91⁄2-in.; Baty. 6-in.; C.T. 81⁄2-in. 9·4, four; 7·6, 3-in., fourteen, twelve; smaller, 28; torpedo tubes, two (submerged).
Erz. Karl „
Erz. Ferdinand Max 1907
             
Habsburg   - 8,300 19   630 1903 (Krupp) Belt: am. 83⁄4-in.; f. 2-in.; a. 2-in.; Barbette, 8-in.; cas. 6, C.T. 8-in. 9·4, three; 6-in., twelve; smaller, 28; torpedo tubes, two (submerged).
Arpad 1904
Badenberg 1903
             

Note to Armour.—am. = amidships; f. = forward; a. = aft; P.D. = protective deck; C.T. = conning tower.

Cruisers: Sankt Georg (1906), 7,180 tons, 21 knots, armour belt 61⁄2-in., armament: 2-9·4 in., 5-7·6 in., 4-6 in., 17 smaller, 2 torpedo tubes. Kaiser Karl VI. (1900), 6,150 tons, 20 knots, armour belt 81⁄2 in., armament: 2-9·4 in., 8-6 in., 28 smaller, 2 torpedo tubes. Kaiserin Maria Theresa (1895), 5,185 tons, 19 knots, armour belt 4-in., armament: 2-7·6 in., 8-6 in., 20 smaller, 4 torpedo tubes. Admiral Spaun, Saida, Helgoland, Novara (1910-14), 3,500 tons, 27 knots, 9-4 in. (Spaun, 7-4 in.), 2 torpedo tubes, Aspern, Zenta, Szigetvar (1899-1901) 2,300 tons, 20 knots, 8-4·7 in., 12 smaller, two torpedo tubes, Kaiser Franz Josef, Kaiserin Elisabeth (1890-91) 3,966 tons, 19 knots, 8-6 in., 20 smaller, 4 torpedo tubes. Panther, Leopard, Tiger (1887-89), 1,600 tons, 181⁄2 knots, 4-4·7 in.

Destroyers: 18 boats (1905-1913), 390-800 tons, 28-32 knots, armed with 12 pdr. or 4-in. guns, 2 torpedo tubes.

Torpedo-Boats: 54 boats (1906-1914), 110-250 tons, 26-281⁄2 knots, armed with small guns and 2 torpedo tubes.

Submarines: 6 boats (1909-1910), 270 tons, 12 knots (surface), 2-3 torpedo tubes.

JAPANESE NAVY

Dreadnoughts: Kawachi, Settsu (completed 1912), 20,800 tons, 201⁄2 knots, 12-in. belt, armament: 12-12 in., 10-6 in., 8-4·7 in., 12 smaller, 5 torpedo tubes. Complement, 960.

Satsuma, Aki (1910-11), 19,500 tons, 20 knots, 9-in. belt, armament: 4-12 in., 12-10 in., 8-6 in. (Satsuma has 12-4·7 in. instead), 5 torpedo tubes. Complement, 900.

Battle Cruisers: Kongo, Hiyei (1913-14), 27,500 tons, 27 knots, belt 10 in., armament: 8-14 in., 16-6 in., 16 smaller, 8 torpedo tubes. Complement, 1,100.

Other Armoured Ships: 11 Battleships (Aki, Satsuma, Kashima, Katori, Iwami, Mikasa, Hizen, Suwo, Sagami, Asahi, Shikishima, Fuji, Tango) completed 1898-1906, displacement 10,960-16,400 tons, 17-181⁄2 knots, and armed with 12-in., 10-in., and 6-in. guns, also torpedo tubes. Thirteen Armoured Cruisers (Kurama, Ibuki, Ikoma, Tsukuba, Asama, Tokiwa, Idzumo, Iwate, Azuma, Yakuba, Aso, Kasūga, Nisshin) completed 1899-1910, displacement 7,700-14,600 tons, 20-24 knots, armed with 12-in. or 8-in. guns, 6-in. and 4·7-in. quick-firers, and torpedo tubes.

Protected Cruisers: 20 Vessels (Chikuma, Hirado, Yahagi, Tone, Yodo, Mogami, Otowa, Tsushima, Nŭtaka, Soya, Tsuguru, Kasagi, Chitose, Akashi, Suma, Akitsushima, Itsukushima, Hashidate, Chiyoda, Yaeyama), 1890-1912, 1,230 tons-6,600 tons, speed 18-25 knots.

There are also 54 destroyers (completed 1898-1913), 42 torpedo-boats (1900-1905), and 15 submarines (1904-1914).

British and German Naval Guns

BRITISH.
Calibre
of
Gun.
in.		 Weight
(tons).		 Length
(in
calibres).		 Weight of
Projectile
(in lbs.)		 Muzzle
Velocity
(in foot-
seconds)		 Muzzle
Energy
(in foot-
tons).
15   96   45     1,950     2,500 84,510
13 ·5 76   45 -   1,250   - 2,800 69,000
1,400
12   68   50   850   2,950 51,290
12   58   45 850 2,900 49,500
12   50   40 850 2,580 39,250
10   34   45 500 3,000 30,000
9 ·2 28   50 380 3,000 23,000
9 ·2 25   40 380 2,350 14,520
7 ·5 15 1⁄2 50 200 3,000 12,500
7 ·5 14   45 200 2,600 9,300
6   8   50 100 3,000 6,000
6   7 1⁄2 45 100 2,750 5,250
6   7   40 100 2,200 4,300
4 ·7 2   40 40 2,188 —
4   2   50 31 3,000 1,900
GERMAN.
15   82 1⁄2 45   1,675   2,920 99,000
12   47   50 860 3,084 56,660
12   42 1⁄2 45 860 2,920 50,830
11   36   50 661 3,084 43,600
11   32 3⁄4 45 661 2,920 39,000
11   29   40 661 2,756 34,800
9 ·4 18   40 419 2,750 22,000
8 ·2 15   50 275 3,084 18,170
8 ·2 13 3⁄4 45 275 2,900 16,300
8 ·2 12   40 275 2,750 14,500
6 ·7 6 3⁄4 40 154 2,756 6,452
5 ·9 5   45 101 2,920 5,856
5 ·9 4 1⁄2 40 101 2,756 5,200
4 ·1 1 1⁄2 40 35 2,750 1,890
3 ·4 1 ·1 40 21 2,750 —

Wyman & Sons Ltd., Printers, London and Reading.

INDEX