20/26.

James, St., 169/12.

Ielly, s. jelly, 58/23.

Ieoperdy, s. jeopardy, peril, 5/13, 139/2.

Iherome, St. Jerome, 155/1, 161/20; Jerome, 168/7.

In lyke, alike, 25/6.

In regarde, phr. for his part, lit. according to his estimation, 153/6.

Inam, applied to wheat, note to 9/13. Cf. “Innom barley, barley sown the second crop after the ground is fallowed; North.”—Ray, Gloss. B. 15, p. 50.

Infecte, infected, 164/29.

Infydeles, s. pl. infidels, 166/45.

Inke, s. ink, 142/4.

Intend, pr. pl. intend, 148/1.

Inuentorys, s. pl. inventories, 151/2.

Iob, Job, 156/7.

Iohan, John, 165/34.

Isodorus, St. Isidore, 164/18; 165/37, 49; 169/33; Isodore, 165/29.

Judas, 166/25.

Iudges, s. pl. castles (in chess), prol. 20.


Kedlokes, s. pl. charlock, Sinapis arvensis, 10/13, 20/3, 9. Also called cadlock, cadlick, chadlock, chedlock, carlock, charlock, callock, etc.

Kelles, s. pl. cases of maggots, 18/10; gossamer-threads, 54/22. “Kells, cones of silkworms; kell, a film over the eyes;” Wright. The usual sense is ‘caul.’

Kente, Kent, 2/15.

Kerchef, s. kerchief, handkerchief, 142/1.

Keys, s. pl. part of a cart, 5/22.

Knolles, s. pl. knolls, mounds, lumps, 128/29.

Knowen, pp. known, 8/2.

Knyfe, s. knife, 142/6.

Knytte, pp. joined together as a swarm of bees, 122/9, 22; knytte, v. to join, 122/10.

Kydde, v. to bind up faggots in bundles, 131/7, 132/7. See below.

Kyddes, s. pl. faggots, 5/29. “Kydde, a fagotte;” Palsgrave.

Kyd-wodde, s. faggot-wood, 134/20.

Kye, s. pl. cows, 56/7, 146/10. A. S. cý, pl. of cú.

Kylde, pp. killed, 103/6.

Kynde, s. nature, 128/23.

Kyrfe, s. incision, 136/10. “Kerf, an incision;” Wright. Derived from A.S. ceorfan, to carve, to cut. Spelt kerfe in Ray, Gloss. B. 16, p. 85.

Kyrtels, s. pl. kirtles, skirts, 151/16.


Lampas, s. an excrescence of flesh above the teeth in horses, which often prevents their eating, 81/1. “Hava de bestias, the lampas, a disease in the mouth of beasts, when such long barbles grow in their mouthes, that they cannot well feed;” Minsheu, Spanish Dict.

Landes, s. pl. 5/4. Evidently some part of the gear for ploughing, but I can find no such word. Perhaps an error for bandes, i.e. bands. Mr. Peacock, in his Glossary of Manley Words, has—“Lanes, Lains, an iron ring at the end of the beam of a plough to which the horses are yoked.” Perhaps this is it.

Landes, s. gen. field’s, 2/17; landes, s. pl. ridges, 13/7.

Lankesshyre, Lancashire, 2/26.

Lanses, s. pl. shoots, 138/1.

Lathe-legged, pp. slender-legged, 78/4.

Lathes, s. pl. laths, 15/9.

Laude, s. praise, 163/1, 167/17.

Lazare, Lazarus, 166/22.

Ledde, pp. carried, 28/12.

Ledder, s. leather, 10/23.

Lees, s. pl. leas, pastures, 148/18.

Leisshe, s. leash, 142/3.

Lene, v. to lean, 124/35.

Lenger, adj. compar. longer, 3/38, 3/55, 70/13; adv. 67/4, 128/32.

Lente-corne, s. Lent corn, spring corn, 148/7.

Let hym blode, bleed him, 48/7.

Let, v. hinder, 24/19: lette, pr. pl. 82/2, 164/1.

Lette, s. hindrance, 135/6.

Leue, v. leave off, 41/15.

Leue, s. leave, 143/7.

Leuse, v. to loosen, 126/16, 129/10.

Ley, v. to lay, lay eggs, 146/23.

Leycestershyre, 2/26.

Leye-hey, s. meadow hay, 25/34.

Leys, s. pl. pasture-grounds, 6/17, 8/5.

Leysshe, s. leash, 10/25.

Like, pr. pl. thrive, 53/9.

Linsede, s. linseed, 146/53.

Lockes, s. pl. pieces torn off a fleece, 146/79.

Lode, v. load, carry, 32/2.

Lodynge, s. loading, 22/11.

Loken, pp. locked or closed up, 146/53. See note.

Lollers, s. pl. lollards, 166/45.

Long-eare, s. long-ear, a kind of barley, 13/22.

Longe-rained, pp. long in the reins, 78/2.

Longe-soughte, s. lung disease, 59/2. A.S. suht, disease (Grein).

Loode, v. to carte, 146/87.

Loppe, v. to lop, 132/1.

Lose, adj. loose, 27/4.

Louyngely, adv. lovingly, kindly, 152/16.

Lowe-brawned, pp. strong in the lower muscles, 75/2.

Lower, adj. compar. lower, 125/5.

Lowsy, adj. full of lice, 117/1.

Luke-warme, adj. lukewarm, tepid, 44/12.

Lye, s. urine, note to 44/8. Cf. 1 Hen. IV. ii. 1. 23. O.F. lie, lees.

Lyfte, adj. left, 28/4.

Lyke, v. to thrive, 57/10, 123/14, 140/8.

Lyncoln, 2/27.

Lyne, s. measuring line, 124/28.

Lyngel, s. a shoemaker’s thread, 142/6. “Lyngell, that souters sowe with, lignier;” Palsgrave.

Lyn-pinnes, s. pl. linch-pins, 5/19. See Linchpin in my Etym. Dict.

Lytter, s. litter, straw for a horse’s bed, 100/3.

Lyuer, s. liver, 55/15.


Malander, s. a sore place on the inside of the fore-leg of a horse, 94/1. “Malandres, the malanders, a horses disease;” Cotgrave. “Malendre,” the same.

Male, s. bag, pack, portmanteau, 142/2.

Mall, s. a mallet or club, 126/14; malles, pl. 15/46.

Mallet, s. mallet, wooden hammer, 136/15.

Malte, s. malt, 146/14.

Mane, s. a piece of grass left unmown, 23/17.

Maple, s. maple, 126/3.

Marke, St. Mark, 170/3.

Marle, s. rich earth used as manure, 2/6; a blue marble-like earth, note to 16/29–35.

Marley, s. marl, 138/26. See above.

Marre, v. mar, spoil, 70/50.

Marreis, adj. marsh, 5/15; marreys, 124/20.

Marreys, s. marsh, 54/13.

Martok, Martock (Somersetshire), 27/17.

Martilmas, Martinmas, St. Martin’s day, Nov. 11, 134/21.

Mathes, s. pl. maggots, 18/8, 45/1. “Cimex, maðu;” Wright’s Vocab. i. 24.

Mathes, s. pl. stinking chamomile, corn chamomile, Anthemis Cotula, 20/4. Called stynkynge maydweede in Turner’s Names of Herbes.

Matter, s. pus in a sore, 87/3.

Mattockes, s. pl. mattocks, tools to dig up roots and weeds, 8/20. See Beate.

Mawe, s. the stomach, 102/2.

May, pr. s. can, is able, 66/20.

Mayn whyte, principally white, 68/70.

Meane, adj. middling, ordinary, 2/6, 124/19; neither very moist nor very dry, 70/27.

Meane, s. means, way, 166, rubric; 167, rubric.

Measure, s. measure, moderation, 147/10.

Meete, imp. s. measure, 146/16.

Medle, v. to mix, 17/16; medled, pp. 2/6, 34/21, 43/1.

Melch kye, s. pl. milch cows, 70/21.

Mete, adj. even, 138/23.

Metelye, adv. meetly, 12/7.

Middes, s. midst, 48/7.

Mo, adj. compar. more (in number), 58/34; 141/50. A.S. má. See Moo.

Moche, adj. large, 47/3, 15.

Moderate, v. lessen, 44/26.

Molde, s. mould, 9/6; moldes, pl. pieces of earth, 45/7.

Molten, pp. melted, 43/4, 45/7.

Moneth, s. month, 93/8.

Moo, adj. compar. more (in number), 40/8, 121/20. See Mo.

Moralytes, s. pl. moral principles, prol. 15.

More, adj. compar. greater, 127/4.

More harder, adj. compar. harder, 137/13.

More hyer, adj. compar. higher, 67/3.

Morfounde, s. a disease in a horse’s feet, occasioned by its taking cold, 100/1. “Se morfondre, to take cold, catch cold;” Cotgrave.

Morteys, s. mortise, 3/13, 20, 39. (It is a hole in a piece of wood made to receive something that can be tightly wedged up in it.)

Mosse, s. moss, 131/3.

Mouldywarpe-hilles, s. pl. mole-hills, 23/20.

Mountenance, s. amount, 58/31.

Mournynge, s. a disease appearing either in the tongue or back of a horse, apparently cancer, 83/1, 87/1, 119/4. See mourrues, mourue in Cotgrave.

Mowen, adj. mown, 70/32.

Mowes, s. pl. stacks, heaps, 32/3.

Mucke, s. manure, 17/2.

Mucke, v. to manure, 17/5.

Muck-wayne, s. manure-cart, 146/86.

Muldes, s. pl. pieces of mould or earth, 41/3, 45/8, 124/23.

Murren, s. murrain, 57/13.

Murtheryng, s. murdering, killing, 51/6.

Musell, s. muzzle, note to 39/9.

Myldewe-grass, s. mildew-grass, 54/17.

Myldewes, s. pl. mildews, 44/24.

Myllettes, s. pl. a disease behind the fetlocks of horses, 110/1.

Mynystratours, s. pl. ministers, 165/5.


Nache, s. the point of the rump, 57/3. See Old Country Words, ed. Britten, p. 105. “A big nach, round and knotty,” said of an ox; G. Markham, Husbandry, Of Oxen.

Narowe, adj. narrow, close, difficult, 4/26.

Nathes, s. pl. naves of a wheel, 5/9.

Nauyll, s. navel, 57/6.

Nauylgall, s. navel-gall, described as a kind of sore on a horse’s back, 105/1.

Necessaryest, adj. superl. most necessary, 1/4. (Used with most preceding).

Nede, s. need, necessity, 44/16.

Nedle, s. needle, 142/5.

Nether, adj. compar. lower, 5/22, 31/7.

Norfolke, 2/27.

Nose-thrilles, s. pl. nostrils, 84/2; nosethrylles, 75/3; sing. nosethryll, 85/3.

Nother, for other; an nother, another, 2/19.

Nourysshe, v. nourish, 130/24.

Nowe-a-dayes, adv. nowadays, 153/5.

Nycked, pp. notched, 21/4.

Nyckes, s. pl. notches, 4/38, 122/41.


Occupy, v. use, 1/5; occupie, 148/10; occupied, pp. used, 15/36.

Of, adv. off, away from it, 136/12; off, 27/7, 139/19.

Of, prep. during, 6/13.

Oke, s. oak, 15/7, 24/10.

Oke-settes, s. pl. young plants or cuttings of oak, 124/8.

Oke-water, s. oak-water, apparently water in which oak-galls have been steeped, 87/2.

Olde, adj. old; the olde of the mone, at full moon, 12/37.

Ones, adv. once, 147/28.

Or, adv. ere, before, 5/1, 119/8.

Oratory, 165/47.

Orchyarde, s. orchard, 122/3.

Order, v. determine, 3/41.

Ordeyne, v. to order, send, 146/14.

Osyerde, s. osier, 130/12.

Otemele, s. oatmeal, 14/10.

Otes, s. pl. oats, 13/26, 14/1.

Other whyle, adv. sometimes, occasionally, 4/16, 48/4, 60/5.

Ouer, adj. upper, 5/22, 91/2, 133/14.

Ouerlay, v. cover by laying over, 127/41.

Ouermoste, adj. superl. uppermost, 131/16.

Ouerplus, s. overplus, surplus, 148/8.

Ouer-rechynge, s. overstepping, 113/1.

Ouerthwarte, adv. across, sideways, 7/21, 112/3, 131/14.

Oughte, pt. s. owed, 146/106.

Outragious, adj. extravagant, 150/6.

Oxe-bowes, s. pl. bent pieces of wood passing round the necks of oxen, and fastened to the yoke, 5/44.

Oygrane wheate, white wheat, note to 34/23.

Oyse, v. to ooze, 111/2.


Pale, s. paling, 40/3.

Paper, s. paper, 142/4.

Parcels, s. pl. parts, divisions, 68/63.

Parchment, s. parchment, 142/4.

Pare, v. to pare, cut, 124/30, 136/16; pared, pp. 136/21.

Partener, s. partner, 134/27, 30.

Paryng, s. paring, 100/12.

Paste, adv. past, over, 13/15.

Pasturnes, s. pl. pasterns, 112/3.

Pastyme, s. pastime, something to pass or fill up leisure time, 146/47.

Pater-noster, 166/12.

Paule, St. Paul, 153/28, 158/6, 161/8, 169/29.

Payle, s. pail, 56/7.

Payre, v. to impair, make worse, 97/3; payreth, pr. s. spoils, 4/26.

Pease, peas, 10/3, 8. Properly a singular form.

Peeke countreye, country round the Peak, in Derbyshire, 39/16.

Peeke-wheate, s. peek-wheat, a kind of poor wheat, 34/41. Cf. peeked, thin.

Pees, s. pease, 10/14. See Pease.

Pees-stubble, s. pea-stubble, 34/5.

Pelte-rotte, s. rot in the fleece, 54/33.

Penknyfe, s. penknife, 142/5.

Penne, s. pen, 142/4.

Pens, s. pl. pence, 54/10.

Peny, s. penny, 36/11.

Peny-grasse, s. a kind of grasse that never bears a flower, 54/8. It must therefore be distinct from Rhinanthus Crista-galli, also called penny-grass by some; see Old Country Words, ed. Britten, p. 37.

Perche, s. perch, 30¼ sq. yards, 12/5.

Perfyte, adj. perfect, 141/5.

Perseth, pr. s. pierceth, 141/8.

Peruse, v. to go through with, continue, 131/15; imp. s. 124/35; examine, 40/23; survey, 30/7.

Perysshynge, s. piercing, 62/17. See the note.

Peter, St., 155/13.

Peyhenne, s. peahen, 146/28.

Peynes, s. pains; a disease in a horse’s fetlocks, 111/1.

Pikstaues, s. pl. pikestaves (but here used, apparently, of a part of a cart, possibly the supports of the shafts), 5/23.

Pill, v. to peel, note to 55/16.

Plasshed, pp. plashed, 127/19. See below.

Plasshynge, s. plashing, 124/2. To plash is to lower and close up a broad-spread hedge, by partially cutting off the branches, and entwining them with those left upright.

Playster, s. plaister, 164/22.

Pleched, pp. pleached, plashed, 127/22. See Plasshynge.

Pleytes, s. pl. plaits, folds, 151/17.

Ploughe-beame, s. plough-beam, 3/2, 9. See note to 3/1.

Ploughe-eare, s. plough-ear, 3/5, 42; 4/34. See note to 3/1.

Ploughe-fote, s. plough-foot, 3/5, 38. See note to 3/1.

Plough-geare, s. instruments requisite for ploughing, 5/45.

Ploughehedde, s. the same as the share-beam, 2/10. See Sharbeame.

Ploughe-mal, s. plough-hammer or mallet, 3/6. See note to 3/1.

Ploughe-shethe, s. plough-sheath, 2/3. See note to 3/1.

Plough-stylte, s. the right-hand handle of a plough, 3/21. See note to 3/1.

Ploughetayle, s. the left-hand and longer handle of the plough, 2/23; 3/15, 19.

Ploughe-yren, s. plough-iron, iron part of a plough (share and coulter), 5/2; ploughe-yrons, pl. 2/19.

Plowe, v. plough, 6/14.

Plowes, s. pl. ploughs, 2/1.

Plummes, s. pl. plums, 136/4,