Sprutteth, v. sprouteth, 13/38.

Sprynge, s. young wood, shoots, 126/11; 135/4, 7, 27.

Spyndel, s. spindle, 103/5.

Spyres, s. pl. shoots, sprigs, 20/12. See note to P. Plowman, C. xiii. 180.

Squecke, s. a disease of turkeys, note to 144.

Stacke, s. stack, 131/11.

Staffe, s. a staff, stick, 41/9; handle, 21/8.

Staffe-hokes, s. pl. staff-hooks; sharp hooks fastened to long handles to cut peas and beans, and trim hedges, 29/3.

Stare, v. to stand on end, bristle up, 56/11, 98/4, 111/3.

Starkely, adv. stiffly, with difficulty, 65/3.

Staues, s. pl. staves, bars, rails, 70/45, 141/48; ‘rough staves,’ 3/5, 35. See note to 3/1.

Staunche, v. to staunch, stop, 58/32.

Staye, s. support, 3/41.

Steeled, pp. steeled, 21/9.

Steke, imp. s. shut, fasten, 40/14, 165/48; v. 167/34.

Stele, s. handle, 24/18. A. S. stel.

Stere, v. stir, 16/24.

Sterte, s. stalk, 20/23. Cf. start = tail.

Steryngtyme, s. time for stirring, 16/26.

Stilt, s. the right-hand handle of a plough, 3/4. See note to 3/1.

Stocke, s. stock, stem, 136/19.

Stocke-heed, s. head or top of the stock, 138/26.

Stole, s. stool, 122/17.

Stooles, s. pl. stools; but, apparently, part of the gear of a plough, 5/44.

Stoupe, v. to stoop, 21/26; to obey, 41/18.

Stranguellyon, s. strangury, retention of urine, 88/1. “Stranguyllyon, a sicknesse, chauldepisse;” Palsgrave. And see Markham, Husbandry, b. i. c. 30.

Streyte, adv. close, 56/17.

Stringe, s. string, 142/3.

Strykes, s. pl. strikes, London bushels, 12/8. (The measure varied.)

Stryndes, s. pl. streaks, 55/2.

Stryng-halte, s. string-halt, a twitching lameness in horses, 108/1.

Stubbes, s. pl. old roots, or stumps, 127/27.

Sturdy, s. ‘the turn,’ i.e. giddiness, note to 62 (rubric).

Sturred, pp. stirred, 17/8, 141/42.

Sturrynge, s. stirring, 4/40.

Styffe-docked, pp. having a stiff stumpy part of the tail, 74/2.

Styffe-eared, pp. having stiff ears, 76/1.

Stylkynges, s. pl. some part of harness for oxen, 5/4.

Styred, pp. stirred, 146/108.

Subleuate, lifted up, 165/43.

Suet, s. suet, 44/7.

Swarth, adj. grassy, note to sect. 8 (ch. 8, l. 30).

Swathe, s. a row of cut grass, 23/16.

Sweate, v. give out moisture, as cut grass, 23/13.

Swyneherde, s. swineherd, 123/16.

Swyngletre, the bar that swings at the heels of the horse when drawing a harrow, 15/42; swyngle-trees, pl. swinging bars to which traces are fixed, 5/25.

Syde, adj. long, trailing, 151/14. A.S. síd, long.

Syde-longe all, close beside, 38/7.

Syde-tailed, pp. longtailed, 77/3. See Syde.

Syde-wedges, s. pl. side-wedges (at the side of the coulter), 4/22.

Sye, imp. s. strain (milk), 146/10. “I sye mylke, or clense, ie coulle du laict. This term is to muche northerne;” Palsgrave.

Symbalo, for symbolo, abl. s. in the creed, 161/3.

Symylytude, s. likeness, 160/9.

Synagoges, s. pl. synagogues, 165/21.

Synge, v. sing (as land), 10/19.

Syre, s. sire (said of a horse), 68/75.

Sythe, conj. since, 157/41.

Syues, s. pl. sieves, 36/3.

Syxte, adj. num. sixth, 75/3.


Tables, s. pl. tablets, 141/31.

Take, pr. s. subj. lay firm hold of, 126/12.

Tancardes, s. pl. tankards, 141/68.

Tarre, s. tar, 47/16. See Terre.

Tawed, pp. dressed, 146/42.

Tayle, s. plough-tail, 3/18.

Tedde, v. to spread or turn hay, 25, rubric; tedded, pp. 25/2. “I teede hey, I tourne it afore it is made in cockes;” Palsgrave.

Teddered, pp. tethered, fastened, 6/17.

Teddynge, s. spreading, 25/4.

Tedure, s. tether, 147/31.

Tedure, v. to tether, 148/14.

Tell, v. count, 30/5.

Temper, s. adjustment, 4/46; tempre, 4/56.

Tempered, pp. adjusted, set, 2/30, 4/3; worked together (as clay), 122/26.

Temporal, adj. worldly, 154/17.

Tenaunte, s. tenant, 123/31.

Tenaunte, s. tenon, 139/6.

Tennes-balles, s. pl. tennis balls, 91/4.

Terre, s. tar, 41/4.

Terre, s. tare, tares, 20/36; ter, 20/4.

Terre-boxe, s. tar-box, 41/10.

Thacke, s. thatch, 27/20. “Thacke of a house, chaume;” Palsgrave.

Thacke, v. thatch, 27/10.

Thacking, s. thatching, 27/24.

Thanke, s. thanks, 169/23.

There-as, conj. where, 33/13, 45/9, 58/9.

Theyues, s. pl. ewes of the first year, 53/4. “Theave, a ewe of a year old (Essex); a sheep of three years old (North);” Wright. See thaive, theave, in Index to Old Country Words, ed. J. Britten (E.D.S.).

Thimble, s. thimble, 142/5.

Thistyls, s. pl. thistles, 20/3; thistyll, s. 20/6.

Thopinion, the opinion, 12/37.

Thorowe, adv. through, 23/16, 44/10, 128/19.

Threde, s. thread, 142/5.

Thresshe, pr. s. subj. 2. p. thresh, 35/2; thresshen, pp. 13/40; thresshed, pp. 10/9.

Throughe, adj. passing through, continuous, 96/3.

Thryfte, s. thrift, thriving, 129/8.

Thyn-cressed, pp. thin in the crest, 78/2. The crest is ‘the rising part of a horse’s neck;’ Wright.

Tinded, pp. furnished with tines, 15/24. See Tyndes.

To, adv. too, 2/24, 2/29, 43/5, 148/34, 150/2.

To, prep. in going to, 146/16.

To, frequently inserted in imperative clauses; thus, to fel, i.e. remember to fell, 134/15; to sell, be sure to sell, 134/18; &c.

Togwith, or Togewith, s. part of the draught apparatus of a plough or harrow, to which the swingle-tree was attached, 5/25, 15/43. Lit. “tug-withe;” cf. “tug-iron, an iron on the shafts of a waggon to hitch the traces to;” Wright.

Tolle, s. toll, 146/17.

Tomblynge, s. tumbling, 102/5.

Toppes, s. tops, 31/12.

Tothe, v. furnish with teeth, 24/7.

Toure, s. tower, 146/104.

Towels, s. pl. towels, 146/45.

Towne-syde. s. farm-yard side, 10/11.

Traile, v. to drag on the ground, 141/49.

Tree, s. piece of wood, 3/9; tre, 3/11.

Trenche, s. trench, 124/30.

Tresses, s. pl. traces (for drawing a plough), 5/25, 15/42.

Trouse, s. the trimmings of a hedge, 38/3, 126/9. “Trouse, to trim hedgings”; Wright.

Tryanglewise, adj. in the form of a triangle, 4/34.

Tucke, v. to tuck up short, 151/14.

Tuell, s. fundament (of a horse), 85/4.

Tuftes, s. pl. tufts, 70/3.

Turne, s. a disease of cattle, giddiness, 62/28.

Twon, pp. twined, 25/32.

Twyche, v. to twitch, 108/2.

Twyrle, v. turn round; twyrle upon, i.e. turn round by pressing upon, 55/1.

Twyse, adv. twice, 147/28.

Twytches, s. pl. jerks, 15/21.

Tyckes, s. pl. ticks, small insects, 135/19.

Tyndes, s. pl. tines, teeth, 15/26.

Tyne, v. to shut, 141/49. A.S. týnan.

Tythes, s. pl. tithes, 30/13.


Vaine, s. vein, 50/11; vaines, pl. 70/26.

Valentynes daye, Feb. 14, 137/4.

Vermynne, s. vermin (said of noxious beasts), 146/32.

Viues, s. pl. “Certaine kirnels growing under the horsses eare;” (Topsell, 1607, p. 360), 91/1. “Vyves, a disease that an horse hath, auiues;” Palsgrave. See Avives in Cotgrave.

Vncomely, adj. unsuitable, prol. 13.

Vnconuenient, adj. unsuitable, unbecoming, unfit, 151/16, 154/16.

Vnderstande, pp. understood, 156/27.

Vnder-wodde, s. underwood, 131/2.

Vndouted, adv. doubtless, 146/48.

Vngiue, v. to give out the damp, 25/16.

Vnhappy, adj. unhappy, unfortunate, 144/20.

Vpholdyng, s. maintaining in repair, 5/38.

Vppe, adj. up, risen, 149/8.

Vppe, adv. up, 13/8.

Vpwarde, adv. upward, 16/17.

Vse, pr. pl. are accustomed, 21/29.

Vtter, adj. compar. outer, 138/12.

Vttermoste, adj. superl. most outward, 4/41.


Waincloutes, s. pl. pieces of iron for strengthening the axle-tree of a waggon, 5/19. On clouts, see J. E. T. Rogers, Hist. of Agriculture, i. 546.

Wained, pp. weaned, 135/14.

Waked, pp. awake, 146/1.

Wallettes, s. pl. wallets, 141/69.

Walnutshell, s. walnut-shell, 94/4.

Walnuttes, s. pl. walnuts, 136/4, 140/4.

Want, v. to lack, 79/12; wante, pr. s. subj. be lacking, 164/27.

Warde, s. management; harde of warde, harde to manage, 79/4.

Wardens, s. pl. large baking pears, 136/2.

Warden-tree, s. a pear-tree, bearing large baking pears, 137/3.

Wardropes, s. pl. wardrobes, 151/2.

Ware, s. ware, merchandise, bargain, 118/4.

Ware, v. to spend, 123/23. See Gloss. B. 15 (E. D. S.), p. 72; Gloss. B. 2, p. 42.

Warke, s. work, 6/9, 21/26; warkes, pl. prol. 22, 143/11.

Warrybredes, s. pl. worms just under the skin, 63/1. “Wary-breeds, or Warnel-worms, worms on the backs of cattle within their skin;” Bailey’s Dict. vol. i. ed. 1735. Cf. “Warbot, a worme, escarbot;” Palsgrave.

Wartes, s. pl. warts, 118/2.

Washen, pp. washed, 122/15; wasshen, 51/2.

Waspes, s. pl. wasps, 122/47.

Water-bowes, s. pl. smaller boughs or shoots of a tree (probably from their containing much sap), 129/17.

Water-forowed, pp. drained by making furrows, 13/6, 33/5.

Wauerynge, pres. part. wavering, 165/42.

Waxen, pp. grown, 156/36.

Wayne, s. a wain, waggon, 5/6.

Wayne, v. wean, 39/5.

Wayne-rope, s. a cart-rope, 5/6.

Wayters, s. pl. waiters, 152/11.

Weare, v. exhaust, 14/16.

Weate, s. wet, moisture, 124/22.

Wedders, s. pl. wether-sheep, 53/5.

Wede, v. weed, 21/2.

Wedes, s. pl. weeds, 146/37.

Wedynge-hoke, s. weeding-hook, 21/7.

Weike, adj. weak, 53/9. Icel. veikr.

Were, pt. s. subj. would be, 121/2.

Weter, adj. compar. wetter, 14/3.

Wether, weather, 18/29.

Wethy, s. a willow, 126/3, 130/5, 138/31.

Wethy-wode, s. withy-wood, willow-wood, 24/8. [Not osier.]

Weyke, adv. weak, 66/10. See Weike.

What-someuer, whatsoever, 168/10.

Whelpe, s. a young dog, 41/17.

Whereas, adv. where that, where, 6/15.

Whether, adj. which of the two, 40/20, 144/19.

Whyted, pp. (= thwited), cut, whittled down into shape, 5/25. Cf. whittle = thwittle, a knife; from thwite, to cut.

Whyte-thorne, s. whitethorn, 124/4, 126/4, 137/12.

Whyte wheate, s. a kind of wheat, 34/23.

Wiedes, s. pl. weeds, 16/25.

Winowed, pp. winnowed, 146/56.

Winter-corne, s. winter-corn (such as wheat or rye), 8/13.

Withall, with it, 146/15.

Withe, s. withy, 15/13; withee, a twig of willow, 24/15. See Togwith and Wethy.

Withed, pp. bound, wound, 15/41.

Wodde, wood, 3/39; woddes, pl. trees, 131/1.

Wode euyll, s. wood-evil; a disease in sheep, 50/2.

Wolde, pt. s. and pl. ought to (lit. would), 3/31; should, ought, 15/35; must, 15/45; should, 21/20, 122/36, 140/6.

Woll, s. wool, 42/3, 146/77.

Woll-wynder, s. wool-winder, 52/7.

Wonders, adv. wondrously, prol. 24. (This afterwards became an adj., and was turned into the Mod. E. wondrous.) See below.

Wonders, adj. wonderful, 11/11.

Wormes, s. pl. worms, 103/1.

Wouen, pp. woven, 146/43.

Wounden, pp. wound, 146/43.

Wowed, pp. wooed, 146/109.

Wrapped, pp. (probably) warped, drawn out into a warp, 146/43. Spelt warped in ed. 1598.

Wrethynge-temes, s. pl. part of the harness for oxen, 5/4. To wrethe is to twist; a team is ‘an ox-chain, passing from yoke to yoke;’ E. D. S. Gloss. B. 2, p. 40.

Wryncles, s. pl. wrinkles, 100/7.

Wrynge, v. to wring, 146/85.

Wrynkeled, pp. wrinkled, 34/43.

Wrythen, pp. wreathed, twisted, 31/15, 64/6.

Wyddre, v. wither, 21/17, 31/17; wyddred, pp. 25/6.

Wyddrynge, s. withering, 23/8.

Wydes, s. pl. the name of a kind of apple, 130/4.

Wyght, adj. active, swift, 76/4.

Wymble, s. an auger, 24/8.

Wyndgalles, s. pl. wind-galls, swellings or blisters above a horse’s fetlock, 99/1. “Windgalls are little blebs or soft swellings on each side of the fetlock;” G. Markham, Husbandry, b. i. c. 57.

Wyndrowes, s. pl. rows of grass in hay-making, 25/11.


Yeane, v. produce (as a ewe), 37/26.

Yelde, v. yield, 10/9.

Yere, s. pl. years, 67/9.

Ylle, adj. ill, bad, 54/11.

Yokes, s. pl. frames of wood to couple oxen for drawing, 5/3.

Yomen, s. pl. keepers, 151/1; yomenne, yeomen, 152/11; yomenne or yomen, pawns (in chess), prol. 20, prol. 30.

Yorke, York, 17/22.

Yorkeshyre, Yorkshire, 2/26.

Yren, s. iron, 2/2, 3/49; yrens, pl. 3/54.

Yren-gray, adj. iron-gray, 68/75.

Ysaye, Isaiah, 164/3.

Yues, s. pl. ivies, 132/4.


Zelcester = Ʒelcester, i.e. Ilchester, 2/9, 27/17.