INDEX

• Abaris, legend of, 7.
• A.B.C. radial engines, 466–7.
• Accidents, committee of inquiry appointed, 299.
• Ader, Clement: builds ‘Eole,’ 121;
• builds ‘Avion,’ 123;
• account of trial flight, 124;
• official denial of trial flight, 126;
• end of experiments, 127;
• compared with the Wrights, 211;
• official report on trials, 469.
• Advisory Committee, British, 294.
• Aerial Experiment Company of America, 179.
• Aerial Locomotion, by Wenham, 72–76.
• Aerial Navigation, by Cayley, 45–48.
• ‘Aerodrome,’ Langley’s, 134–44.
• Aeronautical Classics, 48.
• Aeronautical Exhibitions: The first, Crystal Palace, 69, 82;
• the first helicopter at, 71;
• Exhibition of 1911, 229;
• Paris, 1912, 294;
• Paris, 1913, 304;
• Olympia, 1913, 300;
• Olympia, 1914, 305.
• Aeronautical Society, Royal, 72.
• Aeronautical Society, Annual Reports, 76.
• Ailerons first fitted, 301.
• Air Board formed, 258.
• Air Force, Royal, formed, 258.
• Air Force, Royal, strength of, 258.
• Air Mail, Hendon-Windsor, 231.
• Air Ministry constituted, 258;
• Civil Aviation Department, 264.
• Air Navigation Acts, 265.
• Airships: Astra Torres, 349–50;
• Baby, the, 361;
• Barton, 359;
• Beta, 361;
• Blimp type, 363;
• British rigids, 365–70;
• Clement-Bayard, 349–50;
• Coastal type, 364;
• Gamma, 361;
• Gross type. 351;
• Lebaudy, 348–9, 362;
• North Sea type, 364;
• Nulli Secundus, 360;
• Parseval, 351;
• R33 and R34, 368;
• R38 class, 374;
• R80, 371;
• Santos Dumont, 342–47;
• Schutte-Lanz, 358;
• Willows, 359;
• Zeppelin, 341–352–8;
• 2A, British Army, 361.
• Albatross aero engine, 426.
• Alcock, Sir John, 266–7.
• Allard, attempt at gliding flight, 33.
• Allied war air equipment, 251.
• Alps, crossed by Chavez, 226.
• Aluminium, the Schwartz airship, 340.
• Alvaston aero engine, 441.
• America, flight across, 231;
• R34’s voyage to, 370.
• Andes, crossing of the, 269.
• Andree’s plans for a dirigible, 331.
• Antoinette engine, fitted to Voisin, 181;
• fitted to Cody, 192;
• fitted to A. V. Roe, 195.
• Antoinette monoplane, 290.
• Anzani aero engine, 196, 216, 419–21.
• Archdeacon, Ernest, 179.
• Archytas, legend of, 7.
• Area necessary for support, Meerwein’s statement, 42.
• Army Air Battalion, British, 238.
• Art of Flying, The, by Thomas Walker, 48–55.
• Ascent, first balloon, 322;
• in America, 328;
• in England, 323.
• Ashmusen aero engine, 444.
• Assyrian legends of flight, 5.
• Astra Torres airships, 350;
• use of ballonets, 330.
• Atlantic flight, 265–7.
• Audemars, at Bournemouth, 209;
• Paris-Berlin flight, 237.
• Aulus Gellius, legend of Archytas, 7.
• Australian flight, the first, 270.
• Aviatik, construction of, 210.
• ‘Avion’ Ader’s, 123, 211;
• official report on, 469.
• Ayar Utso, Peruvian legend of, 8.
• ‘Baby’ airship, the, 361.
• Bacon, Francis, on flight, 20.
• Bacon, Roger, on flight, 12.
• Ballon sondé, the first, 325.
• Ballonets, 329–30, 333–4.
• Balloon: the Mongolfier type, 318;
• first public ascent, 319;
• Charles’s hydrogen, 320;
• Mongolfierlater types, 320–21–22;
• Rozier and d’Arlandes’ ascent, 322;
• first ascent in England, 323;
• Saussure on cause of lift, 323;
• Charles, filling method, 324;
• Charles’s and Robert’s ascent, 325;
• Blanchard’s channel crossing, 326;
• Robert’s observations, 327;
• Section, Royal Engineers, 359;
• Dirigible (see dirigibles), 331–41;
• in warfare, 376;
• school at Farnborough, 226.
• Balloon ascents, proclamation on, 502.
• Balloonists: Blanchard, 42, 326, 378;
• Mongolfier, 42, 318.
• Barton airship, the, 359.
• ‘Bat,’ the, Pilcher’s glider, 101.
• Baumgarten and Wolfert dirigible, 340, 389.
• Bayerischer aero engine, 429–30.
• Beaumont, circuit of Britain, 220, 230;
• wins Paris-Rome race, 230.
• ‘Beetle’ the, Pilcher’s glider, 103.
• Belgian provision of war aircraft, 248.
• Benz 4-cylinder aero engine, 401.
• Berlin, air services from and to, 268.
• Berriman, on helicopter flight, 87.
• Besnier’s gliding experiments, 34–5.
• ‘Beta’ army airship, 361.
• B.E.2, the, 297.
• B.E.2c, the, 304.
• Bibliography, a short, 504.
• Biplanes: Albatross, 251;
• Avro types, 195;
• Bleriot, 183;
• Curtiss-Herring, 182;
• Cody’s first, 191–2;
• Cody’s ‘cathedral,’ 193, 290;
• Farman, 181, 217;
• Gotha, 252;
• Handley-Page, 252;
• Moore-Brabazon uses Short, 198;
• R.E.1, 305;
• R.E.P., 182;
• Sikorsky, 249;
• Sopwith, 265, 297;
• Voisin, 181, 223, 286;
• the 1905 Wright, 175.
• Black, Dr, 318.
• Blackpool flying meeting, 195, 206.
• Bladud, legend of, 9.
• Blanchard, Jean Pierre, 42, 326, 378.
• Bleriot, Louis: 179;
• flapping wing experiments, 183;
• flights, 184;
• at Rheims, 200–204;
• a student of Langley, 211;
• constructional work, 211–12;
• cross-country record, 222;
• cross-channel machine, 212, 216, 289;
• cross-channel flight, 213–4;
• early flights, 221.
• Blimp type airship, 363.
• Bodensee, German airship, 375.
• Boilers, Maxim’s, 386.
• Bomb sighting devices, 252.
• Bombers: Caudron type, 251;
• Gotha, 252;
• Handley-Page, 252;
• Voisin, 251.
• Borelli, compared with da Vinci, 18;
• de Volatu, 21–26;
• his conclusions, 26–27.
• Boulogne meeting, the, 178, 206.
• Bournemouth meeting, 198, 207–8.
• Box Kites, Cody’s, 189.
• Brearey’s ‘pectoral cord,’ 83.
• Brescia flying meeting, 206.
• British flying grounds, the principal, 227;
• war construction, 259–60;
• war aircraft, 1914, 247;
• War Office Trials, 194, 209, 232, 235–7, 296;
• War Office requirements, 1913, 300;
• war construction, 259–60.
• Brooklands in the early days, 197, 228.
• Cairo to Cape flight, 270.
• Capnobates, legend of, 5.
• Capper, Colonel J. E. at Farnborough, 226;
• constructs dirigible, 360.
• Carra’s dirigible, 332.
• Cassiodurus, legends by, 7.
• Castel’s helicopter, 87.
• Casualties, British war, 234.
• Cavallo, Leo, experiments with hydrogen, 318.
• Cavendish, discovery of hydrogen, 318.
• Cayley, Sir George, 45–48.
• Certified pilots, list of in 1911, 228.
• Channel crossing by Bleriot, 213–14;
• de Lesseps, 215;
• C. S. Rolls, 216;
• balloon, 326.
• Chanute, O., gliding experiments, 107–115;
• Wrights’ reference to, 153;
• at Wrights’ camp, 157.
• Chartres, Duc de, balloon ascent, 329, 333.
• Charvolant or kite carriage, Pocock’s, 56.
• Chavez, Georges: at Tours, 225;
• makes British height record, 225;
• crosses the Alps, 226;
• fatal accident, 226.
• Circuit of Britain race, 220.
• Civil Aviation Department, Air Ministry, formed, 264.
• Clement-Bayard dirigible, 349–50;
• engines, 444.
• Clerget rotary engine, 434–6.
• Coastal type of British airship, 364.
• Coatalen, Louis, 411.
• Cockburn, British competitor at Rheims, 201, 206.
• Cocking’s parachute, 378.
• Cody, S. F., constructs box-kites, 189;
• constructs dirigible, 360;
• first biplane, 190–1;
• first flight in England, 190–1;
• first observed flight, 222–3;
• various flights, 192;
• wins British War Office trials, 235–7;
• passenger flights, 193;
• ‘cathedral’ biplane, 193;
• records achieved, 193–4, 223;
• at Doncaster, 207;
• in circuit of Britain race, 220;
• fatal accident, 194.
• Colombine, associated with Henson and Stringfellow, 60, 64.
• Commercial Zeppelin service, 372.
• Construction, British war, 259–60.
• Cosmos ‘Jupiter’ engine, 465;
• ‘Lucifer’ engine, 466.
• Cousin, Histoire de Constantinople, 11.
• Curtiss, Glenn, forms Aerial Experiment Company, 179;
• flying boat construction, 242;
• flies Langley machine, 243–5;
• at Rheims, 201–2.
• Curtiss-Herring biplane, 182.
• Curtiss Vee-type engine, 416.
• Daedalus, legend of, 5.
• Daimler aero engines, 389–91, 394–6.
• Danti, Giovanni, 12.
• D’Arlandes, first balloon ascent, 322.
• Darracq aero engines, 440, 442.
• De Dion aero engines, 416.
• Degen’s flying machine, 52.
• De Havilland, height record, 196;
• at Farnborough, 228.
• Delagrange, at Juvisy meeting, 185–6;
• at Rheims, 202;
• at Doncaster, 207;
• death of, 224;
• records made by, 222.
• De Lesseps channel crossing, 215.
• Demoiselle monoplane, Santos Dumont’s, 184, 285;
• Audemars, 209.
• Deperdussin monoplane, 294, 301–2.
• Derby, aerial, 267.
• De Rue, Ferber’s pseudonym, 200.
• D’Esterno, gliding machine, 72;
• Du Vol des Oiseaux, 72.
• Dickson, Captain, aero scouting, in 1910, 210;
• at Tours meeting, 225.
• Dihedral angle, 285.
• Diodorus’s story of Abaris, 7.
• Dirigibles: French, at Rheims meeting, 203;
• Baumgarten and Wolfert, 340;
• Carra’s,332;
• Dupuy de Lome’s, 336;
• de Morveau’s, 332;
• Giffard’s, 334–6;
• Guyot’s (the first), 332;
• Haenlein’s, Paul, 337;
• Joseph Mongolfier’s suggestions for propulsion, 331;
• Meusnier’s improvements, 333;
• Miollan and Janinet, 332;
• Renard and Krebs, 338–40;
• Schwartz aluminium, 340;
• Wellner’s, 331;
• (see airships for later types).
• Doncaster flying meeting, 1909, 206.
• Dorman aero engines, 409–10.
• Drexel, Armstrong, world’s height record, 225.
• Dugald Clerk’s two-stroke engine, 447.
• Dunne monoplane, the, 229;
• description of, 293.
• Dutheil-Chambers aero engine, 441, 443.
• Electric motor airship propulsion, 390–91.
• Empedocles, legend of, 6.
• Engines: A.B.C. ‘Wasp II.’ radial, 466;
• A.B.C. ‘Dragonfly’ radial, 467;
• Alvaston rotary, 441;
• Antoinette, 181, 241;
• Anzani rotary, 196, 216, 419–21;
• Albatross radial, 426;
• Ashmusan horizontal, 444;
• Austro-Daimler vertical, 403;
• Bayerischer rotary, 429–30;
• Benz 4-cylinder vertical, 259, 401;
• Burlat rotary, 439;
• Clement-Bayard horizontal, 444;
• Clerget rotary, 434–6;
• Cosmos ‘Jupiter’ radial, 465;
• Cosmos ‘Lucifer’ radial, 466;
• Critchley’s list of, 400, 404;
• Curtiss Vee type, 416;
• Daimler vertical, 389–91, 394–6;
• Darracq horizontal, 440, 442;
• de Dion Vee type, 416;
• Dorman Vee type, 409–10;
• Dugald Clerk’s two-stroke, 447;
• Dutheil-Chambers horizontal, 441, 443;
• Eole, horizontal, 443;
• Esnault-Pelterie radial, 422;
• Fredericson, horizontal, 457;
• Giffard’s, 383;
• Gnome rotary, 181, 185, 195, 203, 224, 241,428–9, 431–34;
• Gobe and Diard’s two-stroke, 453;
• Graham Clark’s list of, 401;
• Green vertical, 198, 241, 361, 397–400;
• Gyro and Gyro-Duplex rotary, 437–8;
• Haenlein’s Lenoir type, 388;
• Henson and Stringfellow’s, 383;
• Kemp Vee type, 416;
• Kolb-Danvin horizontal, 445;
• Lamplough two-stroke, 455;
• Laviator two-stroke, 454;
• Lenoir type, Haenlein’s, 388;
• Le Rhone rotary, 436;
• Manly, Charles, radial, 139, 396, 417–9;
• Maxim’s steam, 384;
• Maybach vertical, 261;
• Mercedes vertical, 261;
• Mercedes-Daimler vertical, 402;
• Mercedes 6-cylinder vertical, 459–465;
• Mort and New Engine Co. two-stroke, 456;
• Napier Vee type, 412, 414–5;
• Nieuport Horizontal, 445;
• Palons and Beuse horizontal, 445;
• Renault Vee type, 243, 415;
• Roberts horizontal, 457;
• Rolls-Royce Vee type, 266, 412–14;
• Salmson rotary, 422–6;
• Stringfellow’s, 383;
• Sunbeam, 411;
• Types of, 393;
• Uberursel rotary, 259;
• Wolseley Vee type, 405–9;
• Wright Brothers, 392–3.
• Engine development, 383–468.
• ‘Eole’ Ader’s monoplane, 121.
• Esnault-Pelterie, Robert: early experiments, 179;
• R.E.P. biplane, 182;
• radial engine, 422.
• Exhibitions: first aeronautical, 69, 82;
• Paris, 1912, 294;
• Paris, 1913, 304;
• Olympia, 1913, 298, 299–300;
• Olympia, 1914, 305.
• Farman’s biplane, Voisin type, 181, 287;
• first mile flight in Europe, 182;
• first cross-country flight, 222;
• flights in 1908–9, 184, 221–2, 223;
• four hours’ record, 185;
• exhibition flying in England, 186;
• at Rheims meeting, 202, 223.
• Farnborough, British military establishment at, 226;
• de Havilland at, 228.
• Felix, Captain, makes 1911 height, record, 230.
• Ferber’s, Captain, experiments, 177, 288;
• book, Aviation, 177;
• at Rheims, 200;
• death at Boulogne meeting, 178.
• Ferguson, H., first flight in Ireland, 223.
• First aeronautical exhibition, 69, 82.
• Flapping wing or Ornithopter flight: Bleriot’s experiments, 183;
• Brearey, F. W., on, 83;
• Robert Hooke on, 32–33;
• de Villeneuve’s models, 83.
• Fokker war aeroplanes, 251;
• internal-bracing post-war design, 271.
• Forlanini’s helicopter, Professor, 87.
• Formation flying, 263.
• Fournier at Rheims, 201.
• Fourny’s distance record, 1912, 242.
• Fredericson two-stroke engine, 457.
• French military aero trials, 231–2;
• aircraft in 1914, 247;
• pioneers, 179.
• Galien’s study of properties of air, 317;
• proposed airship, 318.
• ‘Gamma,’ British airship, 361.
• German aircraft in 1914, 246;
• war aircraft and equipment, 250;
• aeroplane, the first, 207;
• National Circuit race, 230.
• Giffard’s dirigibles, 334–6;
• engines, 383.
• Gliding flight by Allard, 33;
• Besnier 34;
• Chanute, 107–115;
• Ernest Archdeacon, 179;
• Le Bris, 77–82;
• Lilienthal, 96–100;
• Marshall, Rex, 269;
• Montgomery, 115–120;
• Pilcher, Percy, 101–106;
• Spencer, Charles, 82;
• Wright brothers, 145–168.
• Gliding patent, d’Esterno’s, 72.
• Gobe and Diard rotary engine, 453.
• Goldbeater’s skin used by Beaumanoir, 322.
• Gordon-Bennett cup, won by Védrines, 294;
• race of 1913, 301.
• Gotha biplane, 252;
• raids on England, 255.
• Gnome engine, 181, 185, 203, 241, 428–9, 431–34.
• Goupil’s design of monoplane, 91.
• Grade, first German monoplane, 207.
• Graham-White, London-Manchester flight, 217–220.
• Green Engine, vertical, 198, 241, 361, 397–400.
• Grimaldi’s claim to flight, 38–39.
• Gross airship, 351.
• ‘Guardian Angel’ parachute, 379.
• Guidotti’s experiments, 19.
• Guyot’s dirigible, 332.
• Guzman, Lorenzo de, 37, 317.
• Gyro and Gyro-Duplex rotary engines, 437.
• Haenlein, Paul, dirigible construction, 337;
• engine used, 388.
• Haldane, negotiations with Wrights, 176.
• Hamel, Gustav, 231.
• Hanouam, Indian legend of, 9.
• Handley-Page, F., machines by, 196, 252;
• new wing design, 271;
• height and load record, 272.
• Hargrave, Lawrence, ornithopter experiments, 85.
• Havilland, G. de, height record, 196, 240;
• at Farnborough, 228.
• ‘Hawk,’ the, Pilcher’s glider, 104.
• Hawker, H. G., height record, 240;
• Atlantic attempt, 265.
• Helicopters: Castel’s, 87;
• da Vinci’s, 19;
• Berriman on, 87;
• Forlanini’s, 87;
• Kimball’s, 88;
• Kress’s, 88;
• Nadar and de la Landelle’s, 71;
• Phillips, W. S., 57;
• Principle and disadvantages, 85;
• Paucton’s, 39–40.
• Henderson, General Sir D., 238–9.
• Henson, W. S., and Stringfellow, 57;
• Patent specification, 57;
• Prospectus of company, 60;
• end of experiments, 67.
• Henson and Stringfellow’s engines, 383.
• Hildebrandt, Airships Past and Present, 317.
• Hooke, Robert, 21, 32.
• Hot air balloons, 318–22.
• Hydrogen, discovered by Cavendish, 318;
• experiments by Leo Cavallo, 318;
• balloon, the Charles, 320.
• Icarus, legend of, 5.
• Ilmarinen, Finnish legend, 9.
• Inca legends, 8.
• Independent Force, R.A.F., 262.
• Indian legends, 4, 9.
• Ireland, first flight in, 223.
• Italian aircraft war strength, 248.
• Janinet, Miollan and, dirigible, 332.
• Jeffries, Dr, balloon voyage across the Channel, 326;
• scientific observations on balloon voyage, 328.
• ‘June Bug’ Curtiss aeroplane, 180.
• ‘Jupiter’ radial engine, 465.
• Jutland, seaplanes at, 254.
• Juvisy flying meeting, 186.
• Kalevala (Finnish epic), legend from, 9.
• Kempt Vee-type aero engine, 416.
• Kill Devil camp, the Wrights’, 153, 278.
• Kite Balloons: the Parseval-Siegsfeld, 376;
• Belgian, 377;
• in Naval use, 377.
• Kitty Hawk, the Wrights’ camp at, 152–3.
• Kœnig, winner of German National Circuit, 1911, 230.
• Kolb-Danvin aero engine, 445.
• Krebs, Renard and, dirigible, 338–40.
• Lambert, Comte de, flies round Eiffel Tower, 185, 207, 223.
• Lamplough, two-stroke aero engine, 455.
• Lana, Francesco, 21;
• biographical details, 27–8;
• The Aerial Ship, 28–31.
• Lanark, meeting at, 1910, 209.
• Lanchester, study of ornithopter flight, 85.
• Landelle, de la, helicopter project, 71.
• Landemann’s distance record, 1914, 242.
• Langley, S. P., Memoir, 133;
• first experiments, 134;
• engines, 135;
• model machines, 135;
• model flight, 137;
• construction of full-sized machine, 138;
• official report on trials, 140–4;
• Wrights’ reference to, 161;
• Bleriot copies design, 183;
• machine flown by Glenn Curtiss, 243.
• Latham, Hubert, flight of over an hour, 186;
• at Rheims, 200, 204, 223;
• attempts Channel crossing, 213;
• height record, 223;
• achieves vertical kilometre, 224.
• Laurenzo, Bartolomeo, 317.
• Laviator two-stroke engine, 454.
• Lebaudy, use of air bags, 334;
• airships, 348–9, 362;
• engines used, 390.
• Le Blon, Hubert, 225.
• Le Bris, gliding experiments, 77.
• Lefebvre at Rheims, 201, 205.
• Legagneaux, height record, 241.
• Legends of flight, 3–14.
• Lenoir engine used by Haenlein, 386.
• Le Rhone rotary aero engine, 436.
• Lilienthal, Otto, 95–101;
• studied by Voisin, 181;
• studied by Wrights, 159;
• fatal accident, 100.
• London-Manchester flight, 217, 220;
• Farman machines used, 182.
• London-Paris, first non-stop flight, 230;
• regular service, 267.
• Looping, 262, 272, 303.
• Loraine, Robert, early flights, 210.
• ‘Lucifer’ radial aero engine, 466.
• Lunardi, first balloon ascent in England, 323.
• L70 and L71, German dirigibles, 374.
• Mahabarata, legend from, 4.
• Mail services, aerial, 231, 268.
• Maitland, Brig.-Gen., parachute descent, 379.
• Manly’s radial engine, 139, 396, 417.
• Marey, La Machine Animale, 22,84, 150.
• Martinsyde, Atlantic crossing machine, 266;
• monoplane, 291.
• Maxim, Sir Hiram, aeroplane, 128;
• account of experiments, 129–131;
• engines and boilers, 384–8.
• ‘Mayfly’ airship, 362.
• Meerwein’s glider, 41–42;
• practical conclusions, 42.
• Meetings, flying: Berlin, 209;
• Blackpool, 195;
• Boulogne, 178, 206;
• Bournemouth, 198, 207–8;
• Brescia, 206;
• Doncaster, 206;
• Juvisy, 186;
• Lanark, 209;
• Rheims, 199–206;
• Tours, 225;
• decay of, 209.
• Mercedes-Daimler vertical engine, 402;
• 6-cylinder type, 459–465.
• Metal aeroplane construction, 311.
• Mensier, General, report on Ader’s ‘Avion,’ 469.
• Miollan and Janinet dirigible, 332.
• Mousnier, General, 333;
• death of, 334.
• Model machines, Langley’s, 135.
• Monge, Marey, experiment with Lana’s ‘aerial ship,’ 32.
• Mongolfiers, the, first balloons, 42, 316;
• Joseph, later constructions, 320–21;
• State pension granted, 321;
• on dirigible propulsion, 331.
• Monoplanes: Ader’s ‘Avion,’ 123;
• Ader’s ‘Eole,’ 122;
• Antoinette, 290;
• Audemars’s ‘Demoiselle,’ 209;
• Bleriot’s, 183;
• Bleriot’s cross-channel, 212–6, 289;
• Deperdussin, 294, 301–2;
• Dunne, 229;
• Ferguson’s, 223;
• first German, the ‘Grade,’ 207;
• Goupil’s, 91;
• Handley-Page, 229;
• Henson and Stringfellow’s, 57–59;
• Martinsyde, 291;
• Morane ‘Parasol,’ 302;
• Moy’s, 90;
• Paulhan-Tatin, 295;
• Penaud’s design, 89;
• Santos-Dumont’s ‘Demoiselle,’ 184.
• Montgomery, gliding experiments, 115–120;
• death, 120.
• Moore-Brabazon, J. C. T., 197, 223.
• Mort, G. F., two-stroke engine, 456.
• Moy, Thomas, 90.
• Mullar, John, legend of, 8.
• Nadar’s Helicopter, 71;
• work on Aviation, 71;
• balloon experiments, 72.
• Napier aero engine, Vee type, 412, 414–15.
• Nesteroof, looping, 303.
• New Engine Co., two-stroke engine, 456.
• Nieuport aero engine, 445.
• ‘Nulli Secundus’ airship, 360.
• N.C.4’s Atlantic crossing, 265.
• N.S. type airships, 364.
• O’Gorman, Colonel, at Farnborough, 226.
• Oliver of Malmesbury, 11.
• Ornithopter experiments: Brearey, F. W., 83;
• Bleriot, 183;
• de Villeneuve, 83–4;
• Hooke, 32–3;
• Meerwein, 41–2;
• studied by Wright, 85.
• Palons and Beuse aero engine, 445.
• Paprier, London-Paris flight, 230.
• Parachutes, da Vinci’s, 19, 378;
• Veranzio’s, 19–20;
• ‘Guardian Angel,’ 379;
• modern, 379;
• Blanchard’s descents, 378;
• Cocking’s descents, 378;
• Mongolfier’s descents, 378;
• Robertson’s descents, 378;
• Maitland’s descents, 378;
• rate of fall, 378.
• Parseval airship design, 351.
• Parseval-Siegsfeld kite balloon, 377.
• Patents specification, the Wrights’, 479.
• Paucton on Helicopter flight, 39–40.
• Paulhan: using Farman biplane, 182;
• exhibition flying charges, 186;
• at Rheims, 201;
• London-Manchester flight, 217–220;
• first European height record, 223;
• Los Angeles height record, 224.
• Pegoud, first to loop the loop, 262, 303.
• Penaud, Alphonse, 89;
• death of, 90;
• reference to, 127.
• Perugia, Danti’s experiment at, 12.
• Peruvian legends of flight, 8.
• Phillips, Horatio, investigations, 91;
• flying machine, the, 188–9;
• W. H., helicopter, 57.
• Pilcher, Percy S., work of, 101–6;
• death, 106.
• Pilots in 1911, list of certificates, 228.
• Plane surfaces, Horatio Phillips’ investigations, 91.
• Platz, ascent in Schwartz airship, 340.
• Pocock’s kite carriage, 56.
• Proclamation on balloon ascents, 502.
• Puy de Dome flight, 228.
• Pyrenees, first crossed by Tabuteau, 227.
• Radial engines, see engines.
• Reconnaissance, War, 253.
• Records, 184–6, 193–196–197–199–201, 221–232, 240–2, 269, 272, 306.
• Regiomontanous (John Muller), legend of, 8.
• Renard and Krebs’ dirigible, 338–40.
• Renault aero engines, 415.
• Renaux, Puy de Dome flight, 228;
• duration record, 230.
• R.E. type, the, 304–5.
• R.E.P. biplane, construction of, 182.
• Rheims flying week of 1909, 199–206, 225.
• Richthofen’s ‘travelling circus,’ 251.
• Rigid dirigibles (see airships), 365–71.
• Robert, discovery of rubber proofing, 319;
• observations on balloons, 327.
• Roberts two-stroke engine, 457.
• Robertson’s parachute descent, 378.
• Roe, A. V., constructs first triplane, 192;
• summary of construction, 195.
• Rogers, C. P., flying across America, 231.
• Rolls, C. S., cross-Channel flight, 198, 216, 225;
• fatal accident, 198, 208.
• Rolls-Royce engines, 266, 412–14.
• Rome-Tokio flight, 272.
• Ross-Smith’s Australian flight, 270.
• Rotary engines (see engines).
• Rougier, at Juvisy, 186.
• Royal Aeronautical Society, 72;
• Annual reports, 76.
• Royal Aircraft Factory, 236.
• Royal Air Force formed, 258;
• strength of, 258.
• Royal Flying Corps, founding of, 235, 238.
• Royal Naval Air Service formed, 238;
• in the war period, 255.
• Rozier, Pilatre de, 322;
• death of, 327.
• Rubber proofing, discovery of, 319.
• Russian air strength in 1914, 249.
• Ryneveld, Cairo to Cape flight, 270.
• R34’s voyage to America, 370.
• R80, British rigid dirigible, 371.
• Salmson radial engine, 422–6.
• Santos-Dumont: airship constructions, 342–7;
• conclusions regarding dirigibles, 345–7;
• first effective aeroplane flight in Europe, 180, 221, 285;
• designs ‘14 bis,’ 180, 285;
• designs ‘Demoiselle,’ 184;
• airship engines, 390.
• Saracen of Constantinople, the, 7, 10.
• Saussure, observations on hot-air balloons, 323.
• Schwartz aluminium dirigible, 340.
• Schutte-Lanz airships, 358.
• Scouting by aeroplane, 210.
• Seaplanes at Jutland, 254;
• in 1912–13, 295, 300;
• of the period, 254;
• submarine war spotting, 254.
• Seguin, Laurent, inventor of Gnome engine, 428.
• Selfridge, Lieut., killed at Fort Meyer, 199, 222.
• Sikorsky biplane, 249.
• Simon the Magician, 4, 10.
• Somali campaign, aircraft in, 271.
• Sopwith, T. O. M., duration record, 196;
• distance record, 196;
• height record, 197.
• Specification of Wright patents, 479.
• Spencer, Charles, gliding experiments, 82.
• Stability, inherent, 262, 292–3, 304.
• Standardising, effects of, 187.
• Stream-lining, 293.
• Stringfellow, John: prospectus of company, 60;
• record of work, 65–70;
• engine, 67, 69–70;
• engine and models at Crystal Palace, 69;
• death of, 70.
• Sunbeam aero engine, Vee type, 411.
• Swedenborg, theory of flight, 35–6.
• Synchronisation of propeller and machine gun, 260.
• Tabuteau, Maurice, crosses Pyrenees, 227.
• Tarrant triplane, 272.
• Taube type of machine, 303.
• Thible, Madame, balloon ascent, 323.
• Tissandier, La Navigation Aerienne, 37;
• dirigible construction, 337, 390;
• flying at Rheims, 201.
• Tokio-Rome flight, 272.
• Tours meeting, 225.
• Trick flying of the war period, 262.
• Triplane, A. V. Roe’s, 192, 195, 291;
• the Tarrant, 272.
• Two-stroke cycle engines (see engines).
• Védrines in Circuit of Britain race, 220;
• wins Paris-Madrid flight, 230;
• speed record at Chicago, 240;
• winner of Gordon-Bennett race, 294.
• Vertical engines (see engines).
• Vee type engines (see engines).
• Veranzio’s parachute, 19–20.
• Vickers-Vimy Atlantic aeroplane, 266–7;
• Cape-Cairo flight, 270;
• airships, 362.
• Vinci, Leonardo da, 15;
• Treatise on Flight, 16–18;
• parachute, 20.
• Voisin, gliding experiments, 179;
• brothers, biplane construction, 180, 286;
• machine used by Moore-Brabazon, 197.
• Walker, Thomas, The Art of Flying, 48–55.
• War Office, British aero trials, 1912, 194, 209, 232, 235–7, 296;
• first experiments, 225;
• aeroplane purchases, 227;
• specifications, 239, 300.
• War period, the, 246–263, 306–311.
• War, provision of aircraft for, 246–9.
• Wellner’s dirigible, 331.
• Wenham, Aerial Locomotion, 72–6.
• Wieland the Smith, legend of, 9.
• Wilcox, James, first American balloon ascent, 329.
• Willows’s dirigible, 359.
• Wolseley Vee-type engine, 405–9.
• Wright, Orville, accident at Fort Meyer, 199, 222;
• flights by, 199.
• Wright brothers, biographical, 145–7;
• study of gliding, 147, 277;
• experiments begun, 148, 278;
• on equilibrium, 149, 278;
• on engine power, 162;
• on propeller design, 169;
• first power-driven flight, 170–1, 221, 282;
• description of 1905 machine, 175, 283;
• contract with U.S. Government, 174.
• Wright, Wilbur, at Le Mans, 199.
• Young, Dr, experiments, 43.
• Zambeccari, Italian balloonist, 327.
• Zeppelin, first investigations, 341;
• first constructions, 352;
• record of constructions, 352–8;
• service commercial, 372.