Act of Grace, curious reasoning on, i. 106.

Addresses from counties, numerous, on the loss of Minorca, ii. 230.

Admiralty. First appointment of the Earl of Sandwich, i. 2;
diminished number of seamen voted, 13, 17;
Lord Anson proposes a severe naval code, but fails, 38;
refusal to send ships to Nova Scotia, avoiding offence to France, 62;
dismissal of Lord Sandwich, and the re-appointment of Lord Anson, 190, 192;
proposition of hard labour in the dock-yards, to commute transportation, 255;
war with France, ii. 1;
careful selection of officers by Lord Anson, 33;
debates on prize bill, 78;
defended in the Commons by George Granville, 195;
circumstances connected with Byng’s sentence, 306;
affair of the navy bill, iii. 105.

Albemarle, Lord, his diplomatic character, and anecdotes of, i. 82;
death and political character, 422.

Amelia, Princess, her conduct towards Frederick Prince of Wales, i. 73;
political character and anecdotes, 182;
her law-suit as ranger of Richmond Park, 401, 402;
most extraordinary anecdote respecting Byng’s execution, ii. 371.

America, North, state of, and politics respecting, previous to the war of 1756, i. 394, et seq.;
commencement of the war and first services of General (then major) Washington, 399, et seq.;
first naval operations of the war, ii. 27;
military operations commence in Nova Scotia, 30;
Braddock’s unfortunate expedition, 30, et seq.;
Sir William Johnson’s victory in Canada, 46;
grant of money to colonies and to individuals, 153, 154;
review of military affairs in the House of Commons, 157, 158;
debates on the raising of Swiss regiments for service there, ibid., 170, et seq.;
affairs in 1757, iii. 39;
campaign of 1758, 91, 134;
attack on Quebec, and invasion of Canada, 171, 217, et seq.;
the French driven thence, 283, 289.

Amherst, General, biographical notice of, iii. 285, et seq., notes;
takes command in America, 91;
takes Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 211;
proceeds towards Quebec to assist Wolfe, 212;
takes Montreal, 288.

Andrews, Dr., parliamentary anecdote of, in Ireland, i. 367.

Anecdotes—
of Lord Sandwich, i. 3;
of Lord Harrington, 4;
of French players, 13;
of Lord Nugent, 20;
of Crowle, the well-known punster, 21;
of Sir William Yonge, 23;
of Sir Robert Walpole, 23;
of Speaker Onslow and Lord Coke, 28;
of Mr. Murray, before the House on the Westminster petition, 29;
of Sir John Cotton, 33;
of Lord Gower and Sir John Cotton, 34;
of Lord Egmont, 35;
of Colonel Lyttelton and family, 39;
of Lady Townshend, ibid.;
of Colonel Conway, 41;
of Sir H. Erskine, ibid.;
of Lord Granville in the council, 44;
of Lord Bute, 47;
of Lord Mansfield, 49;
of Lord Chesterfield, 51;
of Queen Caroline and Lady Suffolk, 52;
of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, 53;
of Commissioner Oswald, 59, 60;
of Mr. Fox’s candour in parliament, 62;
of George II. and his ministers, ibid.;
of Archbishop Secker, 65;
of Sir Godfrey Kneller, 70;
of Frederick, Prince of Wales, 71, 73, 74, 77;
of Lord Doneraile, 75;
of Lady Archibald Hamilton, ibid.;
of Lady Middlesex, 76;
of Sir William Stanhope, 75;
of the Princess of Wales, 76;
of Doddington, 77, 87, 88;
of George II., 78;
of the Duke of Cumberland, 79;
of Dr. Ayscough, 79;
of Lord Albemarle, 82;
of Archbishop Blackburne, 87;
of Lord Chief Justice Willes, 89;
of Sir George Lee, 90;
of Pitt, 92;
of Fox, 93, 94;
of Old John Selwyn, 95;
of Lord Berkeley and the Duke of Dorset, 98;
of Admiral Vernon, 100, 101;
military one of the French and Duke of Cumberland, 103;
of the Duke and Prince George, 105, 106;
of Pulteney, Earl of Bath, 118;
of Sir Francis Dashwood, 123;
political, of the Regency Bill, 129, et seq.;
of George II., and the Regency Bill, 157, 158;
of the first Lord Hardwick, 159;
of the Duke of Newcastle, 163;
of Pelham, 167;
of Lord Granville, 168;
of the dismissed cabinet in 1745, 170;
amatory and avaricious one of George II., 176;
of Lady Suffolk, 177;
of Lady Yarmouth, ibid.;
of Cheselden, the surgeon, ibid.;
of Lord Chesterfield, 177;
of Queen Caroline, 179, 182;
of the Duke of Grafton, 182;
of Mr. Legge, 191;
of the Duke of Devonshire, 195;
of Paul Whitehead, 201;
of the Princess of Orange, 206, 207;
of the King and Mr. Fox, 212;
of Lord Stair and Queen Caroline, 221;
of Pope and Lord Bolingbroke, 224;
political, of the Duchess of Bedford, 242;
parliamentary, of Fox and Pelham, 254;
of Archibald, Duke of Argyle, 276;
of the education of the young princes, 284, 289;
of General Ligonier and the King, 292;
of Lewis XV. and Miss Murphy, 334;
of the marriage Bill, 339;
of Charles Townshend, 340;
parliamentary one, 341;
punning one of Jones, the Irish architect, 364;
of Newcastle’s geographical ignorance, 396;
of General Washington and George II., 400;
of Pitt and Murray, 412, 413;
of the quarrel between Pitt and Lyttelton, 414;
of Sir Thomas Robinson, ii. 44;
of old Horace Walpole and the Speaker, ii. 175;
of Madame Pompadour, 176;
of Doddington, 186;
of Lord Bute and Leicester-house, 205, et seq.;
of Queen Caroline, Princess Amelia, and Richmond Park, 220, 221;
of Charles Townshend respecting the squabbles of party, 224;
of caricatures and libels during Byng’s affair, 228, 229;
of Counts Bruhl and Kaunizt, 234;
of Fox’s rupture with Newcastle, 251, et seq.;
of Damiens’ tortures for stabbing the King of France, 283;
of Admiral Byng on his trial and condemnation, 286, 287;
most extraordinary one, 371;
of Archbishop Gilbert, 374;
of Dr. King, ib.;
of Lord Temple and the King, 378;
of Harry Conway, iii. 54;
of the Princess Caroline, 82;
of the King and Archbishop Secker, 180;
of Pitt and Lord Shelburne, 227;
of Macklyn, Lord Bute, and Love à la Mode, 250, 251;
of Dr. Smollett, 259.

Anne, Princess Dowager, of Orange, death and politics, iii. 168.

Anson, Lord, proposes several articles of war, but fails, i. 38;
appointed to the Admiralty, in room of Lord Sandwich, 194;
character, 194, 195;
careful selection of officers, and pledge to the king on that subject, ii. 33;
his feelings in regard to Byng’s execution, 317;
observations on him in regard to Byng’s sentence and execution, 343;
restored to the admiralty under Pitt and Newcastle, in 1757, iii. 32;
his restoration to the admiralty, highly unpleasing to the city, 84.

Anspach, Margrave of, opposes English politics in Germany, i. 288.

Anstruther, General, parliamentary charges against, i. 42, 56, 64, 68;
further proceedings on his case, and motion of Lord Strange, 95, 106, et seq.

Archer, Lord, seconds address in the House of Lords, in 1751, i. 8.

Argyle, John, second Duke of, his political connexion with Sir Robert Walpole, i. 164.

—— Archibald, third Duke of, inefficient and disappointing speech on the Scottish Colonization Bill, i. 273;
character, 275-278.

ARMY, British. Votes in 1751, i. 25;
debate on the staff, 31;
military reformation and improvement by the Duke of Cumberland, 38;
new Mutiny Bill, ibid.;
half-pay officers first subjected to military law, ibid.;
estimates proposed by Mr. Fox, 213;
proposed reduction, founded on the colonization of Scottish forfeited estates, 264;
estimates in 1754, debate on, 410;
inefficient state of in England at the commencement of the war, ii. 19;
estimates on the opening of the war, 67, 86;
affairs of the Militia Bill, of new-raised troops, of foreign troops employed, 156-204;
camps formed and disturbances with the foreign troops, 248;
remarkable court of inquiry connected with General Fowke and Byng’s affair, 285;
war in Germany, iii. 147;
extraordinary commissions granted, and debated on in Parliament, 233.

Army, Saxon, account of, ii. 410.

Articles of War, Naval, debates on the 12th, in the House of Commons, in Byng’s case, ii. 318, et seq.

Ascendency, Protestant, in Ireland, in 1752, and before, i. 278, et seq.

Ashton, Rev. Mr., a quaint preacher, anecdotes of, iii. 98, 99.

Atcheson, Sir Archibald, political insignificance in the Irish House of Commons, iii. 73.

Austrians, defeat of, in the campaign of 1760, iii. 294, et seq.

Avarice, whimsical anecdote of, in George II., i. 176.

Ayscough, Dr., anecdotes of his tutorship of Prince George, i. 80.

Bacon, Lord, observations on, i. 374.

Baker, Alderman, a contractor, affair of, ii. 304.

Barnard, Sir John, political and civic character, i. 45, 46;
proposes a sinking fund, 218, 255;
moves a repeal of the Bribery Oath, 369.

Barri, Madame du, anecdotes and intrigues, iii. 245.

Barrington, Lord, moves a diminished number of seamen, i. 12;
proposes an increased vote of seamen, 211;
his political character, and parallel with Ellis, ii. 141, 142;
justifies the application of the 12th article of war to Byng’s case, in the House of Commons, 320.

Bath, Lord, his political apostasy vindicated by Lord Egmont, i. 36;
parliamentary conduct on the committal of the Regency Bill, 116, 117, et seq.;
joins the Bedford Opposition on the Scottish Colonization Bill, 272;
originates the Marriage Bill in the House of Lords, and why, 337;
publishes his celebrated letter to two great men, iii. 250.

Bathurst, Henry, character of, i. 96.

Bavaria, treaty with, for securing the peace of Germany, i. 8;
subsidy to, 48, 49.

Beckford, Alderman, opposes the Regency Bill, i. 153;
extraordinary declaration, caused by his jealousy of the army, 307;
attends at the first meeting of the Tories, at the Horn Tavern, as a political party, ii. 13;
absurd boasting, 95;
opposite opinions of the Commons, and of Pitt, upon his merits, iii. 177, 178.

BEDFORD, Duke of, disagreement with the Duke of Newcastle, i. 1;
political and sporting connexion with Lord Sandwich, 3;
political duplicity on the Naturalization Bill, 55;
increase of popularity, 61;
fails of support in the Nova Scotia affair, 69;
interferes with the establishment of the young princes, on the death of the Prince of Wales, 79;
conduct on the Regency question, on the demise of the Prince of Wales, 99;
proposed opposition to the Bill prevented by the gout, 122;
political neglect of, by his coadjutors in the Cabinet, 161;
party intrigues of the Pelhams after the Prince’s demise, 183, 184, 185;
his political character, 186;
change of ministry and resignation of office, 194;
spirited and judicious conduct towards the Duke of Newcastle, 193;
conduct in opposition to Walpole, 241;
his intended quiescent politics on the meeting of Parliament after the recess, 242;
but is led into Opposition on the Saxon Treaty, ibid.;
speaks against it in the Lords, 244;
political connexion formed with the Duke of Cumberland, 263;
opposes the Bill for the colonization of the Scottish forfeited estates, 264;
interferes in the charges against the Prince’s tutors, 309, et seq., 313;
opposition to the Marriage Bill, 347;
projects of re-union with the Court party, 414;
receives proposals from the Lyttelton party on the part of Ministers, but rejects them, and sends for Pitt, 416;
declining power of the Duke of Newcastle, and overtures from Fox, ii. 45;
coalesces, approves of the German Treaties, but refuses office, 47;
defends himself in the Lords, 49;
objects to the proposed New road, out of jealousy to the Duke of Grafton, but afterwards sees his error, 186, 187;
courageous conduct on the change of ministry, and Pitt’s accession to power, 266;
but accepts the Lieutenancy of Ireland, 271;
applies to the King in favour of Admiral Byng, but without success, 326;
objects to the coalition of Pitt and Fox, iii. 34;
attacked by the rioters on the Militia Bill, 41;
difficulties in his Irish government, 66-73;
new connexion formed with the Duke of Newcastle, 181;
policy during the tumults in Dublin, in opposition to a suspected union, 243, et seq.;
conduct towards Lord G. Sackville, 254.

Bedford, Duchess of, her political ascendency over the Duke, i. 186;
her ingenious ruse to draw the Duke again into politics, 242;
her vice-regal state in Ireland, during the Duke’s government, iii. 66.

Berkeley, Earl of, political anecdote, i. 98.

Berlin captured by the Austrians and Russians, iii. 295.

Bernis, Cardinal de, political disgrace, iii. 158.

Besborough, Lord, his share in Irish politics, ii. 19.

Bishops, Bench of, their inactivity on the marriage clause of the Regency Bill, i. 146;
their characters, 148, 149.

Blackbourn, Archbishop, curious anecdote of, i. 87.

Blackiston, a spurious patriot and Jacobite, and why, i. 36.

Blakeney, General, defence of Minorca, ii. 226;
gets a red riband, 275.

Board of Trade, attempt of Lord Halifax to subject the West Indian Colonies to that Board, i. 199.

Bolingbroke, Lord, tortuous politics of, at the Prince of Wales’s court, i. 73;
his death, character, and anecdotes of him, 220;
ingratitude towards Sir Robert Walpole, 220;
political ingenuity and infamy, 222, 223;
courtly anecdote, 223;
contrasted with Walpole, 225.

Boscawen, Admiral, character and political rise, i. 194;
extraordinary conduct during Byng’s trial, ii. 286;
defeats the French fleet under De la Clue, off Lagos, iii. 211.

Boscawen family, their contest with the Sandwich interests in Cornwall first led to the formation of a Tory party, for general purposes, ii. 13.

Boyle, Mr. (Speaker of the Irish House of Commons), his character and politics, i. 279.

Braddock, General, his unfortunate expedition, ii. 31.

Bribery Oath, motion for its repeal, i. 369.

Brick Tax proposed, but dropped, ii. 178.

Bristol, extraordinary surrender of election liberties to the King, i. 355.

Broglio, Marshal, affair of Minden, iii. 199.

Brown, Marshal, the Austrian General, defeated by the King of Prussia, iii. 14.

Bruhl, Count, his politics and magnificence, ii. 234;
his political character, 404-407.

Brunswick, Duchess of, anecdote of her birth, i. 73.

Burdett, Sir Robert, a Tory member; extreme kindness of the Whigs to, on a breach of privilege, i. 95.

Burgundy, Duke of: born, an important event to France, i. 203.

Bute, Lord, his political debut, i. 47;
anecdotes of his favouritism at Leicester House, ii. 221-3, et seq.;
vide Wales.

Butler, Bishop, political and ecclesiastical character, i. 148.

Byng, Admiral, sent to relieve Minorca, ii. 190, 212, 214;
public clamour, 217, 228;
trial of, 229, 246, et seq. 284, 291;
unfair political trick, 285;
is sentenced, 287;
representation of the Court, 292;
observations, 295;
extraordinary circumstances connected with the sentence of execution, 306, et seq.;
debates in the Commons, 312, et seq.;
mercy refused by the King, 326;
solicitation of the court martial refused, 327;
case before Parliament, 328, 351-366;
dies, 369.

Calcraft, Mr., his political connexion with Lord Holland, ii. 42.

Calcutta, affair of the Black Hole at, iii. 57.

Camden, Lord, vide Pratt.

Cameron, Dr. Archibald, romantic story of his capture as a rebel, i. 333;
executed, 353.

Campbell, A. H., parliamentary conduct and anecdotes, i. 19.

Campbell, Mr. Hume, is brought forward again by the Duke of Newcastle in support of the German treaties, ii. 107, 108;
quarrel with Pitt, 112;
pensioned, 143;
anecdote of his political modesty on a change of ministers, iii. 23.

Canada, conquest of, iii. 169, 219.

Candour, political and paternal, of Horace Walpole, and why, i. 237, et seq.

Cape Breton taken, iii. 133.

Caprice, public, various instances of, i. 358.

Cardigan, Lord, appointed governor of Windsor Castle, i. 255.

Cards and Dice taxed, ii. 177.

Caricatures on cards invented by George Townsend, on Byng’s affair, ii. 228.

Caroline, Queen, anecdote of, and Lord Chesterfield, i. 52;
her influence over the King, and politic juggling with Sir Robert Walpole, 65.

Caroline, Princess, death, and anecdotes, iii. 82, 83.

Carpenter, Lord, disgraceful conduct of, on the Westminster petition, i. 26.

Carrickfergus taken by Thurot’s squadron, iii. 264.

Carter, Mr. (Master of the Rolls in Ireland), his character and factious politics, i. 281, 282.

Chairmen and footmen of the metropolis, Colonel Hale offers to lead them against the best troops of France, iii. 234.

Charles III., King of Spain, observations on, and character, iii. 205, 210.

Chatham, Lord, vide Pitt.

Cherbourg, capture of, iii. 133.

Cheselden, the surgeon, anecdote of, i. 177.

Chesterfield, Lord, brings in a bill for the reformation of the calendar, i. 50, 51;
anecdotes and political intrigues, 51, et seq.;
whimsical and courtly anecdote of, 177, 178;
engages to negotiate between Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle, at the Princess Dowager’s instigation, iii. 30.

Cholmondeley, Earl of, character and anecdotes, i. 173.

Circular letters to members of parliament, censured in the House, ii. 63.

Clandestine marriages, inactivity of the bench of Bishops on a proposed bill to restrain, i. 146.

Clarke, Mr., a military adventurer, plans the siege of Rochfort, iii. 43.

Cleland, Mr., secretary to the Admiralty, his shameful conduct on Byng’s affair, ii. 295.

Clive, Lord, early military services in India, iii. 57, 90.

Closter Seven, convention of, iii. 59.

Cobham, Lord, speech and party interest on the Regency Bill, i. 134, 135;
political character, 136.

Cobham party described, i. 136.

Coke, Lord, parliamentary conduct on the Westminster petition, i. 16, 20;
clears the gallery, and quarrels with Speaker Onslow, 27, 28;
his political character, 208;
moves the re-committal of Murray for contempt to the House, ibid.;
hated by the Scotch, and why, 209, 259;
opposes the bill for purchasing the forfeited estates, ibid.

Colchester petition, proceedings on, alarm the Newcastle party in the House, i. 409.

Colley Cibber, death and character, iii. 81, 82.

Cologne, Elector of, joins France in opposition to British interests, i. 81.

Colonies totally neglected by the Duke of Newcastle, when Secretary of State, i. 396.

Comines, character of, as an historian, i. 375.

COMMONS, House of, session of 1751, i. 8, et seq.;
affair of the Westminster petition against Lord Trentham, 14, et seq.;
contumacy of Mr. Murray, 29, 30;
libels against the House, 31;
inefficient opposition to the three shilling land-tax, 32;
opposition to the Mutiny Bill, 39;
attack on General Anstruther, 42;
committee for the suppression of vice and reform of the police, 44;
proposed subsidy to Bavaria, 48;
debate on Murray’s close confinement, 49, 50;
debates on the Naturalization Bill, 54;
debate on Anstruther’s business, 56;
the House adjourns to see Othello at Drury Lane, 61;
proceedings on the Gin Bill, 66, 67;
relaxation in proceedings against Murray, 84;
Naturalization Bill thrown out, 92;
proceedings on a breach of privilege, 95;
further proceedings on Anstruther’s case, 106;
Habeas Corpus granted by the King’s Bench for Murray, 114;
he is remanded, and the committal of the House acknowledged to be valid, 115;
question of privilege, as to members on the Prince’s establishment, negatived, 116;
the Regency Bill returned from the Lords, and proceedings thereon, 122, et seq.;
Regency Bill passes the House, 153;
close of the session, release and petty triumph of Murray, 200, 201;
a new session, 208;
Murray remanded to Newgate by the House, ibid.;
debate on the same, 209;
reward voted for the apprehension of Murray, who had absconded, 212;
army estimates proposed by Mr. Fox, 213;
land-tax proposed by Pelham, accompanied by an extraordinary system of national policy, 218;
adjournment, and cessation of opposition, 228;
Walpole’s rise and fall by that House, and why, 232, 233;
House meets in 1752, 241;
takes up the affair of the Saxon treaty, 242, et seq.;
motion against subsidiary treaties in time of peace, by Lord Harley, 254;
debate thereon, ibid.;
state of parties in the House, 263;
bill for colonizing the Scottish forfeited estates, 264, et seq.;
prorogation and extraordinary speech of the Speaker to the King, against the management of Scotland, 275;
session of 1753 opens, 293;
engaged in the affairs of Nova Scotia, 295;
affair of the Marriage Bill, 336, et seq.;
affair of the Jew Naturalization Bill, 357, 362;
proposed repeal of the Plantation Act, 364;
motion for repeal of the Bribery Oath, 369;
people look towards it on the ministerial difficulties arising from Pelham’s demise, 383;
debates on the opening war of 1756, 403;
alarm of the ministerial majority at Pitt’s spirited attack on election bribery, 408, 409;
debate on the army estimates, 410;
debate on the Mutiny Bill, 420;
debate respecting adjournment on anniversary of King Charles’s martyrdom, ii. 3;
debate on the Scottish Sheriffs-Depute Bill, 4;
a division of the House falsified by Mr. Potter, 11;
first appearance of the modern application of the distinctions of Whig and Tory, 12, et seq.;
tempestuous opposition of Pitt to the Fox and Bedford coalition, the German treaties, &c., 55;
sit till five in the morning, the longest debate then on record, 49, 133;
complaint respecting circular letters, 63;
debates on the votes for seamen, 67;
debates on a Prize Bill, 78;
charges of bribery by France, 82;
debates on the army estimates, 86;
committee moved on the militia question, 97;
taking of notes by strangers noticed by Hume Campbell, 108;
close of a long debate on the German treaties, 133;
repeal of all the old militia acts to prepare for a new bill, 152;
debates on Prevot’s regiment, 156;
Ways and Means brought forward by Sir George Lyttelton, 176;
debates on employing foreign troops, 184, et seq.;
Militia Bill voted without a division, 191;
vote of credit of one million opposed, ibid.;
debates on the Prussian treaty, 197;
Pitt’s first Parliament, 276;
ordnance estimates and Militia Bill, 301, et seq.;
Byng’s sentence announced to the House by a messenger from the Admiralty, 312, et seq.;
Pitt’s first appearance in the House as minister, and to demand money for Hanover, 313;
further debates on Byng’s sentence, 320, et seq.;
royal message, bill for absolving the court-martial from their oaths of secrecy; passes, but lost in the Lords, 350-366;
inquiry into the loss of Minorca, iii. 7, et seq.;
debates upon the vote of a million, 16;
debates upon the Habeas Corpus, 103, 112;
estimates of the year 1759, 176;
debates respecting officers commissioned vacating seats, 233;
debates on army estimates, 234;
affair of Sackville’s arrest and court-martial, as matter of privilege, 265, 266.