Militia recommended by Fox on the opening of the war, ii. 97, et seq.;
riots throughout the kingdom, in the apprehension of the regiments being sent abroad, iii. 41;
plan first proposed to march them out of their counties in case of invasion, 184.

Militia Bill for Scotland, parliamentary proceedings on, iii. 280.

Minden, battle of, iii. 191, et seq.;
vide Sackville.

Ministry, expected changes in 1751, i. 1, et seq.;
whimsical candour of George II., 62;
differences between the Bedford and Newcastle parties, 81;
affair of the regency on the death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, 104, et seq.;
political neglect of the Duke of Bedford in the cabinet by the Pelhams, 161, 162;
further intrigues of the Pelhams to displace the Duke of Bedford, 184, et seq.;
dismissal of Lord Sandwich, through the Pelham interest, 190;
change of ministry, and resignation of the Duke of Bedford, 194;
conduct and character of the Pelhams in regard to foreign affairs and to national insults, 204;
state of politics at the opening of 1752, 239;
opposition of the Pelhams by the Duke of Bedford, 242;
proposed policy for tranquillizing Scotland, 268, et seq.;
manœuvres of opposition in 1753, 298, et seq.;
difference of opinion in the cabinet on the pretended memorial respecting the prince’s education, 304;
differences of Fox and the chancellor on the Marriage Bill, 342;
forced to repeal the Jew Naturalization Bill, 359, et seq.;
death of Mr. Pelham, and its consequences, 370, et seq., 378;
difficulties in appointing his successor, ib.;
new one formed, 387;
pacific character of the Pelham and Newcastle administrations, leads to insults and encroachments on the part of France, 392;
extraordinary conduct of the Newcastle administration when the French began the war in America, 400;
appearances of opposition in parliament, 407;
alarm at Pitt’s opposition, 417;
projected changes in, 418;
approaching war with France; changes in consequence of the death of Lord Gower, ii. 2;
the Newcastle administration first supported by the Tories, on their uniting as a political party, distinct from jacobitism, 12;
political manœuvre to silence Fox, 21;
divisions in the cabinet against the Duke of Newcastle on the German subsidiary treaties, 35;
disunion of Fox and Pitt, 37;
refusal of Pitt, and consent of Fox, to support the German treaties, 41, et seq.;
decline of Newcastle’s power, and coalition of Fox with the Bedford party, 45, 46, et seq.;
further changes in favour of the Bedford party, 139, 140;
heavy charges of pensions in consequence, 143;
state of, at the breaking out of the war, 154;
divisions on the calling in of foreign troops, 184;
conduct in the affair of Byng, 190, 194, et seq., 208;
Fox’s resignation, and its consequences, 252, et seq.;
resignation of the Duke of Newcastle, and Pitt’s accession to power, 272, et seq.;
changes settled, 274;
state of the cabinet, 284;
events leading to the dismissal of Pitt and his friends, 376, 377;
new administration, iii. 2;
difficulties in its formation, 11, 24, 26;
Pitt and Newcastle again come in, 31;
political review of Pitt’s administration, 84;
and cabinet, 85;
jealousies of Newcastle, 181;
resignation of Lord Temple, 228.

Minorca, affairs of courts-martial under Gen. Anstruther brought before parliament, i. 42, 56, et seq.;
debates respecting its defence, ii. 70;
attacked by the French, 190, 209, et seq., 217, vide Byng;
parliamentary inquiry into its loss, iii. 7, et seq.

Mirepoix, Mons. de, French ambassador, returns without taking leave, ii. 28;
his character, i. 203;
disliked by the Pelhams, 204.

Mobs in Ireland; their rejoicings on the success of the Castle opposition in 1753, i. 367.

Monks of Portugal, their ingenuity in smuggling money on board of English ships of war, i. 256.

Montcalm, General, vide Quebec.

Montreal taken from the French, iii. 288.

Moore, Captain, one of Byng’s judges, joins in an application to the throne for mercy, ii. 318.

Mordaunt, Sir John, his character, i. 110;
opposes the parliamentary purchase of the forfeited estates, 258;
entrusted with the attack on Rochfort, iii. 45, et seq.;
inquiry, 75.

Moyenska, Countess, notice of, ii. 410.

Munchausen, Baron, the Hanoverian minister in England, his conduct on the affair of Closter Seven, iii. 60.

Murphy, Miss, supplants Madame Pompadour in the heart of Louis XV., and produces a whimsical alarm, i. 334.

Murray, Mr. A., conduct on the Westminster election, i. 17, et seq., 22;
refuses to kneel, 29;
further proceedings in the House upon his case, 34, 35;
further insolence towards the House of Commons, 85;
Habeas Corpus granted by the Court of King’s Bench, 114;
but is remanded, 115;
released from Newgate on the prorogation of the House of Commons, 201;
but is remanded in the ensuing session, 208;
absconds, 211.

Murray, James (nominal Earl of Dunbar), his character and politics in service of the Pretender, i. 286.

Murray, Lord John, his prudence in regard to political attack, i. 44.

Murray, Solicitor-General (Lord Mansfield), supports the Bavarian subsidy, i. 48;
speech on second reading of the Regency Bill, 131;
parliamentary contest with Fox on the Regency Bill, 150;
affair of the dissensions on the education of the young princes, 284, 290, et seq.;
drinking the Pretender’s health, 305;
his elaborate and well-written confutation of the French memorial on the Silesian loan, 297;
looked to as a candidate for the premiership on Pelham’s death, 379;
becomes lord chief justice, and is made a peer, anecdotes, &c., ii. 223, 227;
his conduct on the bill for absolving Byng’s court-martial; severe conduct towards Byng, with observations, 351, 352.

Murray, General, defeated at Quebec, iii. 284.

Mutiny Bill, modern opposition to, i. 35, et seq.;
curious question of the King of Denmark in regard to its preamble, 253.

Names of princes, taken from English history, curious anecdote of, i. 201.

Naples, affairs of, on the death of the King of Spain, iii. 205.

National debt, observations on, in 1758, iii. 151.

Naturalization Bill brought forward, i. 44, 54;
thrown out, 92.

Navy, diminished number of seamen voted, i. 17;
Lord Anson proposes a severe naval code, but fails, 38;
an increased vote of seamen proposed by Lord Barrington, 211;
approaching war with France, ii. 1;
a fleet ordered to watch the French motions in America, 22;
vote for seamen, 67;
debates on a Prize Bill, 78;
state of naval force at the opening of the war, 195;
consequences of Byng’s trial, 295;
affair of the Navy Bill, iii. 105.

Newcastle, Duke of, disagreement with the Duke of Bedford, i. 1;
betrays the interests of the South Sea Company in the treaty with Spain, 7;
political adoption of intrepidity, 9;
political and family differences, 47;
conduct on regency question after demise of the Prince of Wales, 99;
speech on the committal of the Regency Bill, 120;
political anecdote in forming the bill, 128;
explains the Commons’ amendments to the Lords, and carries the bill, 156;
his power secured, 161;
his character and anecdotes, 162, 163;
political ingratitude to Sir Robert Walpole, 164;
further anecdotes, 183;
fear of the sea, and whimsical expedition to Hanover, 184;
dismisses Lord Sandwich from office, 190;
produces the resignation of the Duke of Bedford, 193;
jealousy of Mr. Fox, on an illness of the Duke of Cumberland, 213;
his inferiority as a politician, 239;
political influence at opening of 1752, and why, 239, 240;
inefficient reply to the opposition of the Duke of Bedford on the Saxon treaty, 247;
debate on the Scottish Colonization Bill, and inefficient answer to the Duke of Bedford, 274;
whimsical mode of guarding against the dangers of the sea, on a visit to Hanover, 278;
his alarm at the pretended memorial respecting the education of the Prince of Wales, 302;
his long and very extraordinary speech in the House on that affair, 327;
parliamentary sparring with the Duke of Bedford, 329;
moves the repeal of the Jew Naturalization Bill, 359;
Walpolian sarcasms, 373;
becomes first minister on the death of his brother, 381;
reserves the management of the secret-service money in his own hands, 382;
perfidy and breach of promise to Fox, 384;
his political inefficiency, 388;
striking inattention to colonial affairs while secretary of state, 396;
geographical and political ignorance, 396;
professes to remove abuses, yet encourages them, 399;
secret instigator of the law-suit respecting Richmond Park, 401;
alarmed by the conduct of Pitt, 415;
receives the support of the Tories, who now first unite as a political party, distinct from jacobitism, ii. 12, et seq.;
interference in the appointment of the temporary regency, on the king’s visit to Hanover, 22;
conduct on Irish politics, 25, et seq.;
first decline of his power on the subsidiary German treaties, 35, 43, 45;
tampers with Pitt for their support, but fails, 40, 41;
applies to Fox, and succeeds, 41;
offers to resign in a fright, 43;
objects to Fox’s friends, 141;
heavy charges of pensions brought on the nation by his caprices, 143;
conduct on the calling in of foreign troops, 184;
his plan of separating the prince from his mother, &c., 221;
political fears of quarrelling with Leicester-house, 249;
affair of Fox’s resignation, 252;
resolves to resign, 262;
resigns, 272;
extraordinary story in regard to Byng’s affair, 285;
another most extraordinary anecdote respecting the duchess in that affair, 371;
political difference with Fox, iii. 3;
approaches of Pitt towards conciliation, 4;
further negotiations, 11, 15;
political character and irresolution, 21;
comes again into power with Pitt, 31;
differences and anecdotes, 95;
influence of office under Pitt, 174;
grows jealous of him, 181;
conduct towards Lord G. Sackville, 254.

Newcastle, Duchess of, most extraordinary anecdote respecting Byng’s execution, ii. 371.

Newdigate, Sir Roger, his speech for the repeal of the Plantation Act, i. 365.

Newmarket, its sports set in the balance against the affairs of the nation, ii. 380.

New Road first proposed, but objected to, ii. 186;
carried, and afterwards extended by its opponents, 187.

Niagara taken by Sir William Johnson, iii. 211.

Norris, Admiral, strange incompetency when examined before the Lords, in Byng’s case, ii. 362.

North, Lord, his character, and removal from governorship of Prince George, i. 86.

Northumberland, Earl of, moves address in the House of Lords, in 1751, i. 8;
gives a pointed refusal of resignation to the Duke of Newcastle, iii. 27.

Norwich, Bishop of, engaged in the education of the Prince of Wales, i. 87, 283;
dissensions in that establishment, 289;
speech in Parliament, 325.

Notes of parliamentary debates first mentioned in the House of Commons, ii. 108.

Nova Scotia, affairs of, i. 62, 68, 81.

Nugent, Lord, absurd parliamentary conduct, i. 20;
his character, and anecdotes, 45, 46;
refused by the people of Bristol as the king’s nominee, under most unprecedented circumstances, 355;
his absurd speech, defending ministers against the attacks of Pitt, ii. 92;
his parliamentary conduct on Byng’s affair, 336, 338.

Oleron, attack on, iii. 54.

Onslow, Mr. Speaker, witty remark on his official conduct, i. 21;
reprimands Mr. Crowle on the Westminster election, ib.;
quarrels with Lord Coke, 28;
contemptuous treatment of him by Mr. Murray, 29, 30;
impressive speech on the Regency Bill, 126;
his character, 129;
spiritedly rebuked by Pitt in the debate on Byng’s affair, ii. 350;
attacked by the rioters on the Militia Bill, iii. 41;
speech on the Scottish Sheriff Depute Bill, ii. 15.

Opposition, remarkable cessation of, i. 228, 239;
a systematic one now commences, ii. 151;
junction of Pitt’s friends and the Tories against the new Fox administration, iii. 3.

Orange, Prince of, his death, and anecdotes of his marriage, i. 206;
political consequences in Holland, 207.

Orange, Princess of, her extraordinary marriage, i. 206;
ambition, character, and politics, 207, 208.

Oratorical Club, a school for rhetoric, i. 42.

Oratory, parliamentary, its difference under court-favour, or in opposition, i. 293.

Ordnance, master-general of, pay first raised to 10s. per day by the Duke of Marlborough, in 1757, ii. 303.

Orford, second Earl of, his death, i. 84.

Orford, Lord, anecdote of, and the Duke of Newcastle, iii. 30.

Orleans, Père d’, his book causes dissensions at Leicester-house, i. 289.

Oswald, Mr. Commissioner, parliamentary debut and progress, i. 59.

Oxfordshire, a little kingdom of jacobitism, i. 406;
election, political manœuvres relating to it in the House of Commons, first bring into play the modern party designation of Whigs and Tories, distinct from the question of the Stuart succession, ii. 12, 20.

Oxford University, attacked by Pitt in the House of Commons with charges of jacobitism, i. 413;
contest for the chancellorship on the death of the Earl of Arran, iii. 166.

Parliament, meets in 1751, i. 8;
proceedings respecting the treasonable papers attacking the Duke of Cumberland, 10;
debate on diminished vote of seamen, 12, 17;
transactions on the Westminster petition against Lord Trentham, 13, et seq.;
witty observation of Mr. Crowle at the bar of the Commons, 21;
Murray brought to the bar, 22;
refuses to kneel, and is re-committed to Newgate, 29;
debate on the staff, 31;
—see further Lords and Commons—
regency business arranged, 115, et seq.;
political character of lawyers in the legislature, 149, 150;
the session ended, and the political consequence, 200;
a new session opens, in 1751, 208;
adjournment, and remarkable cessation of opposition, 228, 239;
opens after the recess, in 1752, 241;
consideration of the treaty with Saxony, 242;
colonization of the Scottish forfeited estates, 256, et seq.;
bill passes the Lords, 275;
prorogation, ib.;
session of 1753, 293, et seq.;
affair of the charges against the prince’s tutors, 303, et seq.;
proceedings on the Marriage Bill, 336, et seq.;
opens again with the Jew Bill, 357;
adjourns on Pelham’s death, 378;
dissolved under the Newcastle administration, and an accommodating new one chosen, 391;
session of 1754 opens, 403;
first union of the Tories as a party for general political purposes, and thereby forming the leading distinctions of Whig and Tory in the state, without reference to the Stuart succession, ii. 12;
first meeting after the coalition of Fox and Bedford, 48;
first notice of reporters and taking of notes in the Commons, 108;
eloquence reviewed, 144, et seq.;
session of 1756 opens, 150;
meeting after Pitt’s coming into power, 276;
its support demanded by the king during the contests of parties, iii. 16;
session of 1758, 87, 149;
session of 1759, 224.

Parliamentary orators of 1755, characters of, ii. 145, 148.

Party feeling, extraordinary instance of, i. 183.

Parties, state of, in the year 1752, i. 262, 263.

Patriots, spurious, how made, and why, i. 33.

Peerages, refusal of one in Ireland, and why, i. 282.

Pelham, Right Hon. Henry, his political suavity, i. 3;
parliamentary discussion on the constitutional queries, 11;
political inconsistency, 18;
financial expertness, 32;
political and family differences, 47;
proposes the subsidy to Bavaria, 48;
excites surprise by supporting the Naturalization Bill, 54;
conduct in regard to the auditorship of the exchequer, 84, 85;
conduct on the regency affair, in regard to the Princess of Wales, 104;
carries the bill on a first reading, 122;
his feelings on the opposition of Speaker Onslow, 128;
speech on third reading of the Regency Bill, 153, 154, 155;
power secured by the passing of that bill, 161;
political character and anecdotes, 166, 183;
intrigues against Lord Sandwich, 188;
his political and private character exposed to the king by the Duke of Bedford, 193;
hurt by Lord Trentham’s resignation and reproaches, 194;
unhandsome conduct in regard to private correspondence, 202;
jealousy of Mr. Fox during the illness of the Duke of Cumberland, 213;
dull speech in reply to Lord Egmont opposing the army estimates, 216;
proposes the land tax, and proposes a most extraordinary system of national policy, 218;
his power confirmed by a cessation of opposition, 229;
parallel between him and Sir R. Walpole, 231, et seq.;
political influence at opening of 1752, 239;
supports the Saxon treaty, 243;
in 1753 replies to Lord Egmont in defence of the address, 294;
rebukes Alderman Beckford for opposition, 307;
parliamentary sparring with Fox on the Marriage Bill, 343, 344;
interesting conversation with Fox on the debates on the Marriage Bill, and his difference with the Chancellor Hardwicke, 350;
opposes the repeal of the Plantation Act, 366;
his death and character, 370, et seq.

Pelham interest, accused of supporting Vandeput in Westminster, i. 14;
regency, 99;
their power in parliament and in the cabinet secured by the Regency Bill, 161;
intrigues, 171, 184.

Pelham, Lady Catharine, interference in party politics, iii. 21.

Pensions, heavy ones brought on the nation by the capricious change of ministry in 1755, ii. 143;
heavy charges entailed on the public by the coalition of Pitt, Fox, and Newcastle, iii. 31.

Philipps, Sir John, his character, i. 114;
moves the King’s Bench for a Habeas Corpus for Murray, ib.

Pitt, Right Hon. William, political inconsistency, i. 7;
parliamentary recantation, 8, 9;
renews his connexion with the Prince of Wales, 12;
differs with Pelham on the vote for seamen, 17;
his parliamentary oratory, 42;
parliamentary politics, 61;
offends the Whigs, ib.;
Fox’s opinion of him, 62;
politics at the prince’s court, 76;
his friends suffer from the king’s displeasure, 85;
anecdotes biographical, 92, 93;
mortification at the royal silence and neglect, 110;
levels an attack at Fox upon Anstruther’s affair, 110;
change of politics upon the Regency Bill, 137, 141;
he and his party dissatisfied at the triumph of the Pelhams over the Bedford interest, 240;
incites Lord Cobham to traverse the king’s politics in favour of the Archduke Joseph of Austria, 241;
opposes the repeal of the Plantation Act, 366;
looked to as a candidate for the premiership, 379;
is persuaded to join the Newcastle administration, 387;
his disgust at the new arrangements leads to an explanation with Fox, 392;
differences with the Duke of Newcastle, 407;
alarms the House with his spirited remarks on the charges of bribery, 408;
attacks the Solicitor-General Murray as secretary at war, 413;
breach with Sir George (Lord) Lyttelton, 414, et seq.;
his conduct during a projected change of ministry, 418;
is disclaimed by Fox, 420;
makes one of his best speeches on the Scottish Sheriffs-Depute Bill, ii. 7;
objected to by the Tories, who now first unite to form a distinct political party in the state, on points unconnected with jacobitism, 12;
separates from Fox, 37;
refuses to support the German treaties, 41;
his interference guarded against during the coalition of Fox and Bedford, 47;
commences a tempestuous opposition in the House, 49;
most eloquent speech on that occasion, 55;
is dismissed from office, 62;
but accepts a pension, 63;
speech on the naval estimates, 67, 70;
florid speech in favour of the war in America, in preference to German campaigns, 86;
supports the militia question, 98;
parliamentary quarrel with Hume Campbell, 107;
admirable and witty speech in reply on the committee report, 135;
character of, as a parliamentary orator, 148, 149;
contemptuous treatment of Lyttelton as chancellor, 153;
ridicules the affair of the Swiss battalions for American service, 162;
opposition to the Hessian troops, 187;
and to the Hanoverians, 188;
violent philippic against ministers in the debate upon vote of credit, 193;
sarcastic attack of Lyttelton, 197;
anecdotes of his connexion with Lord Bute, 205;
proceedings on Fox’s resignation, political and courtly intrigues, 254, et seq.;
visits Lady Yarmouth, 259;
declines acting with Fox, 262;
gradual relaxation in his demands and politics, 264;
comes into power, 270;
arrangements for his friends, 274;
his conduct as first minister, 275;
his long speech for the opening of parliament sent back by the king unread, to be shortened, 276;
affairs connected with Byng’s trial, 310, 312, 322;
first appearance in the House as minister, and to demand money for Hanover, 313;
declares in favour of mercy to Admiral Byng in the House, 322, 329;
asks mercy of the king, but refused, 326;
exertions in the House on the royal message of reprieve, 333;
intrigues to dismiss him from power, 377;
events leading to a change of ministry, 378, 379;
chooses to be turned out in preference to resignation, iii. 1;
his power and popularity, 5;
tendency towards the Duke of Newcastle, 6;
extraordinary finesse in attending the House on the Minorca inquiry, 8;
further negotiations, 14, 15;
comes again into power with the Duke of Newcastle, 31;
commences a vigorous system of government, 42;
political honesty in the affair of Closter Seven, 60;
of Rochfort also, 74;
patronizes Wolfe, 75;
political influence in 1758, 84;
objects to German campaigns, 88;
supports the Habeas Corpus, 103;
his conduct of the war, 123;
opens the session of 1758, personal and ministerial conduct, 149;
character of his military administration, 160;
successes of 1759, 169, et seq.;
character and ministry, 173, 174;
offends the House by taxes and excise, 178;
speech in parliament, after the glorious successes of the war, 1759, 225;
loses Lord Temple, 228;
but who returns to office, ib.;
declines offers of peace from France from a determination to humble her, 236;
rupture with Lord Bute, 237;
writes a warm letter to the Duke of Bedford on the affairs of Ireland, 245.