About this time the grenadiers of the 8th French Regiment advanced, with drums beating, and the 54th (French) entered the pine-wood to endeavour to turn our left. Notwithstanding the fire of the 3rd Battalion on them in column, and at a short range, the grenadiers of the 8th pushed on and drove in our skirmishers; when the 87th, with some companies of the Guards, charging them with the bayonet, they gave way, and in a short time fled routed and in disorder; pursued by the Riflemen, who were engaged with the light troops which attempted to cover their retreat. However, as is well known, the Spaniards giving no help, but looking on as unconcerned spectators, Graham was unable to follow up his victory, and the Riflemen were recalled.
‘In all my fighting,’ says Surtees, ‘I never saw an action in which the chances of death were so numerous as in this.’[87] And so the Duke calls it ‘the hardest action that has been fought yet.’[88]
In the hour and a half during which it lasted, the two 2nd Battalion companies lost 6 rank and file killed, and Lieutenants Hope[89] and Thomas Cochrane (severely) and 1 sergeant, 1 bugler, and 26 rank and file wounded; and the four 3rd Battalion companies had Captain Knipe and 13 rank and file killed, and Lieutenant-Colonel Barnard, Lieutenants William Campbell (severely) and Hovenden, 3 sergeants, and 45 rank and file wounded. Barnard was severely wounded about the middle of the action, and was carried to the rear; and while the wound was being dressed, another shot struck him, and inflicted a wound more severe than the first. Surtees, who went to the rear to bring up fresh ammunition, says that the ground there was ploughed up by the enemy’s round shot and musketry. The 3rd Battalion had four mounted officers in the field: the horses of two were killed; of another wounded.
In his despatch reporting this action General Graham says: ‘Lieutenant-Colonel Barnard and the officers of his Battalion executed the duty of skirmishing in advance with the enemy in a masterly manner.’ And he specially mentions Lieutenant-Colonel Norcott, whom he recommends for promotion.[90]
Soon after the action the British forces moved off, and crossed to the Isla, except the 3rd Battalion, which was left on the field to protect the wounded, and to give notice of any return of the enemy. But none appeared; and after dark Major Ross, who had succeeded to the command on Barnard’s being wounded, moved the Battalion across the field, thickly strewn with dead and wounded of both armies, and formed it into square on a sand-hill on the beach, where they rested on their arms during the remainder of the night. It was severe service which fell to the lot of this young battalion; a march of sixteen hours in the preceding night; three hours’ manœuvring, and half of it hard fighting; and all this without food; remaining under arms on the field till dark; and now only resting on their arms.
General Rousseau, who had been made prisoner, badly wounded, died in the course of the night, and was buried on the beach by the 3rd Battalion. In his pocket they found a leave of absence to return to France on account of ill-health, which his appearance clearly indicated, but of which this brave soldier had not availed himself.
Towards morning Ross moved off his weary and famished Battalion; and passing by the beach and over the Santi-Petri river, they returned to their former quarters in the Isla de Leon.
Here they remained till June 30, when, embarking at Cadiz, they reached Lisbon (after an unusually slow passage) on July 19, and marched up the country to join Lord Wellington’s army. They arrived on August 21, and were attached to the Light Division, then cantoned in villages near the Agueda. At the same time the company of this Battalion which had been attached to Sir Brent Spencer’s division was withdrawn from it, and joined the Battalion.[91]
[65] This return will show the actual numbers:
Return of 95th, May 10, 1809.
| Effective April 1, previous to Militia volunteering |
Volunteers from Militia | Remaining in Portugal | Total | Left in Spain | Grand total | ||
| English | Irish | ||||||
| 1st Battalion | 799 | 641 | None | 8 | 1448 | 88 | 1536 |
| 2nd Battalion | 863 | 641 | None | 37 | 1541 | 38 | 1579 |
Thus leaving an excess of more than eleven hundred men, after completing the two Battalions to a thousand men each. This excess formed the 3rd Battalion.
[66] For twenty years and upwards after the end of the war, every officer of the Regiment was required to learn and to know these standing orders.
[67] 1st Battalion Record. I do not find this in the ‘Wellington Despatches’ or in the ‘Supplementary Despatches.’ It was probably noticed in Divisional Orders. The detachments under Colonel Bunbury are, however, mentioned with praise in the despatch of Talavera (‘Wellington Despatches,’ iv. 537). It may have formed part of these, for it appears by the return (p. 42, note) that 88 men of the 1st Battalion and 38 of the 2nd Battalion had been ‘left in Spain;’ and 8 men of the 1st Battalion and 37 of the 2nd Battalion ‘left in Portugal.’
[68] Costello, 24. He was himself in hospital and dangerously ill.
[69] The 2nd Battalion Record says that they embarked on the 23rd, but as Stewart (‘Cumloden Papers,’ 56) notes that they changed to the ‘Namur’ on the 22nd, this must be an error.
[70] Humbley’s Letter, January 31, 1838, in Adjutant-General’s Office.
[71] Harris, 131.
[72] There died between the date of their return, and January 10, 1810, 5 sergeants and 128 rank and file. On February 10, 1810, the Battalion had 161 sick; on February 25, 140 sick. The strength on embarkation was 70 sergeants, 988 rank and file.
[73] Lieutenant-Colonel Leach retired from the army 1821.
[74] Captain O’Hare was very ill and in bed; but at the first alarm placed himself at the head of his company, which was previously in the charge of Lieutenant Mercer.
[75] Leach, 121.
[76] Major-General Sir George Elder, K.C.B., died December 3, 1836.
[77] Afterwards Field-Marshal Sir Hew Dalrymple Ross, G.C.B.
[78] M’Cullock refused to give his parole, and was marched towards the French frontier; and at Valladolid, being confined in a private house, his handsome person and his wounds excited the pity, or that which is akin to pity, of a young lady of the family. The old story: she laid plans for his escape; she procured him a disguise; she gave him a supply of money; and he succeeded in rejoining the Battalion.
[79] ‘As noble a fellow and as worthy a man as I ever met with.’—George Simmons’ MS.
[80] ‘Wellington Despatches,’ vi. 293.
[81] ‘Wellington Despatches,’ viii. 218. He was Colonel-Commandant of a Battalion.
[82] 2nd Battalion Record.
[83] ‘Napier,’ Book xv. chap. v.
[84] The other company of this Battalion had joined the army under Lord Wellington (‘Wellington Supplementary Despatches,’ vi. 569, 575), and was no doubt the company with Sir Brent Spencer’s Division. See p. 62.
[85] ‘Napier,’ vol. ii. appendix ix. 2.
[86] Norcott’s Report: ‘Wellington Supplementary Despatches,’ vii. 128.
[87] P. 127.
[88] ‘Wellington Despatches,’ vii. 400.
[89] Lieutenant-Colonel John Charles Hope, K. H., died October 12, 1842.
[90] ‘Wellington Despatches,’ vii. 396.