CONTENTS

CHAPTER I
 
Purpose and Method
  PAGE
Object of the book. Historical and comparative treatment. Sources of help. Modern scientific aids. Limitations to their value. The evidence of poetry itself. The curve of evolution 1
 
CHAPTER II
 
Rhythm as the Essential Fact of Poetry
 
Definitions of poetry. The line between poetry and prose. Summary of the dispute. Rhythm fundamental and essential in poetry. Proofs from ethnology, psychology, and the history of poetry itself 30
 
CHAPTER III
 
The Two Elements in Poetry
 
The dualism in its various forms. Poetry of nature and of art. Poetry of the people. Romantic and rationalistic theories. The real dualism 116
 
CHAPTER IV
 
The Differencing Elements of the Poetry of Art
 
Communal and individual. Mediæval and modern conditions. Evolution of sentimental lyric. Influence of Christianity. Reactions. Modern objective poetry. Humour 139
 
CHAPTER V
 
The Differencing Elements of Communal Poetry
 
The making of communal poetry a closed account. Elements of the European ballad. Who made it. The “I” of ballads. Style of ballads. Incremental repetition. Variation. Siberian songs. Bridal songs. The vocero and kindred songs of mourning. The refrain. Refrains and songs of labour. Harvest-home. Processions. Flytings. Festal refrains. The dance 163
 
CHAPTER VI
 
Science and Communal Poetry
 
Science and theories of poetic origins. Invention and imitation. Comparative literature and the art of borrowing. The war against instinct. Instinct not set aside. The dualism in poetry. Greek drama. Homogeneity of savages and of primitive men 347
 
CHAPTER VII
 
The Earliest Differentiations of Poetry
 
The poet. Improvisation in a throng. A study of the schnaderhüpfl. Stanzas and poems. Differentiation of poetry. Lyric, drama, and epic. Myths. Poetic style 390
 
CHAPTER VIII
 
The Triumph of the Artist
 
Improvisation revived. Its fate. The two forces in poetry. Past and present 453

THE BEGINNINGS OF POETRY

THE BEGINNINGS OF POETRY