INDEX.

• Aberdeen head, 87.
• Academy, festival in honor of Athenian soldiers at the, 11.
• Achæans, games among, 20;
  • in Homer, 1, 7;
  • origin of sports among, 1.
• Achaia, erects victor statue at Olympia, 30;
  • Pausanias’ account of, 323.
• Achilleae, definition of, 92, note 6;
  • statues, 87, 226.
• Achilles, casts solos at games of Patroklos, 218;
  • fights with Telephos, on Tegea pediment, 306, 307;
  • shield of, 5;
  • yields prize to Agamemnon, 8.
• Acrobats, among Athenians, 5;
  • in Crete, 2, 3;
  • in Homer, 5;
  • in modern Italy, 5;
  • in Thessaly, 5;
  • at Tiryns, 2, 3;
  • on Vapheio cups, 5.
• Actors, statues of victorious, at Olympia, 285.
• Adlocutio, gesture of, 132.
• Admetos, boxing match with Mopsos, on chest of Kypselos, 285.
• Adonis(?), statue of, 74.
• Adorantes se feminae, statues by Apellas, 131.
• Adoration and prayer, as athletic motives, 130f.
• Aegean civilization, 1f.;
  • unathletic character of, 7.
• Aegina, games on, 20;
  • date of gable statues from temple of Aphaia, 125;
  • gable statues from temple of Aphaia, 123f.;
  • influence of sculptors on “Apollo” statues, 102;
  • kneeling Herakles, from East gable, 195;
  • movement in gable statues, 176;
  • observation of nature in, 244;
  • runners, from West gable, 195;
  • sculptors from, 122f.;
  • sculptors in favor at Olympia, 264;
  • temple of Aphaia on, 123f.
• Aeginetans, at battle of Salamis, 125.
• Aelian, on bronze horses of Kimon, 363.
• Aesthetic judgments of classical writers, 58.
• Africanus, list of stade victors in, 191;
  • on omission of 211th Olympiad, 369.
• Agamemnon, prize of, 8;
  • the Agamemnon of Aischylos, 75.
• Agasias, sculptor, 208.
• Agathinos, statue at Olympia, 345.
• Age, classification of Greek athletes by, 189;
  • in Plato’s Republic, 189.
• Ageladas; see Hagelaïdas, 190.
• Agenor, statue at Olympia, 30, 118.
• Agesarchos, statue at Olympia, 129.
• Agiadas, statue at Olympia, 123.
• Agias, statue at Delphi, 46, 365, 366;
  • statue at Pharsalos, 366;
  • careless finish of Delphian statue, 304;
  • compared with Apoxyomenos of Vatican, 289;
  • compared with Farnese Herakles, 253;
  • epigram on base of statue, 328;
  • as example of assimilation, 94;
  • fillet on, 150;
  • as statue “double,” 304;
  • as statue of a pancratiast, 292;
  • supplants Apoxyomenos as norm of Lysippos, 290, 291f.;
  • swollen ear of, 168;
  • why considered copy, 303f., 316.
• Agids, tomb in Sparta, 362.
• Agilochos, statue at Olympia, 357.
• Agon (Contest), figure in group of Mikythos, 164, 215.
• Agorakritos, sculptor, 182.
• Agrippa, M., removes the Apoxyomenos to Rome, 289.
• Aiakos, games in honor of, 20.
• Aigion, boy from, chosen as priest for his beauty, 57.
• Aigistratos, Olympic victor statue at Lindos, 372.
• Aigospotamoi, battle of, 352;
  • memorial at Delphi, 278.
• Aigyptos, equestrian monument at Olympia, 120, 267, 279.
• Ainetos, statue at Amyklai, 371.
• Aischines, statue at Olympia, 29, 214, 346.
• Aischylos, on ἀγώνιοι θεοί, 75;
  • Agamemnon of, 75.
• Aischylos, victor relief, in honor of the Dioskouroi, 96, 97.
• Ajax, acrobatic feat of, 3;
  • combat with Diomedes, 8;
  • on r.-f. Etruscan stamnos, 132.
• Akarnania, 318.
• Akastos, games of, depicted on chest of Kypselos and on throne of Apollo at Amyklai, 12.
• Akestorides, statue at Olympia, 345, 354.
• Akontistai; see Javelin-throwers. Akousilaos, statue at Olympia, 130, 165.
• Akragas, bronze statue dedicated at Olympia by people of, 130;
  • decadrachm of, 48.
• Akropolis at Athens, Aeginetan bronze head from, 123;
  • Argive bronze head from, 114, 115;
  • athlete statue from, 115, 127;
  • chariot-race relief from, 128;
  • ephebe head, yellow-haired, from, 116;
  • excavations of, 126;
  • Hermes relief from, 270;
  • Korai from, 115, 126;
  • la petite boudeuse from, 115;
  • pre-Persian sculptures from, 126f.;
  • Old Temple of Athena on, 128, 271.
• Akroteria, winged figures as, 177.
• Aktion, “Apollos” from, 103, 334.
• Alabastron, on statue of Milo at Olympia, 107.
• Alexander the Great, bust of, from Alexandria, 316;
  • coin of, showing Herakles, 253;
  • funeral games in honor of, 11;
  • head of, in Copenhagen, from sarcophagus, 95;
  • institutes funeral games for Hephaistion, 11;
  • portraits of, 56;
  • portraits of, by Lysippos, 290, 311, 316;
  • pensiveness in portraits of, 318;
  • statue of, by Lysippos, 73.
• Alexander Sarcophagus, so-called, in Constantinople, 275.
• Alexinikos, statue at Olympia, 122.
• Alkainetos, statue at Olympia, 343, 352.
• Alkamenes, and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 89;
  • Enkrinomenos of, 134;
  • and Olympia gable statues, 113;
  • and Standing Diskobolos, 76.
• Alkandridas, P. Ailios, statue at Olympia, 360.
• Alketos, statue at Olympia, 120, 344.
• Alki, temple of Apollo at, 336.
• Alkibiades, victor at Olympia, 257;
  • so-called Alkibiades of the Vatican, 199.
• Alkibios, base of statue of, from Akropolis, 284.
• Alkinoos, King of Scheria, 210.
• Alkmena, 10.
• Alpheios, river at Olympia, 49, 258.
• Altars, at Olympia: of Aphrodite, 351;
  • near Stadion, 283;
  • of Nymphs, 351;
  • of Seasons, 351;
  • scattered positions of, 341;
  • of Zeus; see Great Altar of Zeus.
• Altis at Olympia, East Byzantine wall of, 345, 357;
  • erection of statues in, 27, 99;
  • excavation of, 24;
  • honor statues in, 339;
  • location of earliest statues in, 299;
  • North Byzantine wall of, 359;
  • periegesis of Pausanias in, 151, 298;
  • positions of victor statues in, 339f.;
  • processional entrance of, 347;
  • processional way of, 348;
  • Roman enlargement of, 348;
  • routes (ἔφοδοι) of Pausanias in, 339f.;
  • South Terrace wall of, 346;
  • South wall of, 339, 341, 345, 347, 352, 357;
  • Southwest gate of, 360;
  • statues “within,” 347;
  • topography of, 339;
  • West Byzantine wall of, 358;
  • West wall of, 347, 355f.
• Alypos, sculptor, 120.
• Amaltheia, ivory horn of, at Olympia, 264, 265.
• Amastris, coin of, showing figure of Hermes, 78.
• Amazon, of Polykleitos, 159;
  • torso of Atalanta from Tegea pediment, draped as, 306.
• Ambrakia, 105.
• Amelung, W., on supposed absence of libation-pouring in athletic art, 140;
  • on head in Turin, 93;
  • on statuette in Vatican, 212, 244.
• Amenartas; see Amenerdis. Amenerdis, Egyptian queen, statue of, 331.
• Amenemhat III, co-regent of Horfuabra, 330.
• Amentum; see Thong. Amertas, statue of, at Olympia, 117.
• Amphiaraos vase, in Berlin, 13, 269, 280;
  • Amphiaraos, on chest of Kypselos, 269;
  • reliefs in honor of, 273.
• Amphiareion, at Oropos, 272, 273.
• Amphidamas, games of, 19.
• Amphiktyonic League, 17.
• Amphion, sculptor, 277.
• Amphipolis, games at, 11.
• Amyklai, temple of Apollo at, 19.
• Amykos, boxing match of, with Polydeukes, 269;
  • invention of boxing-gloves ascribed to, 236.
• Amyntas, statue at Olympia, 129, 354.
• Analogy, in Greek art, 66.
• Anatomy, knowledge of, in Greek sculpture, 56;
  • in Aeginetan gable statues, 124;
  • in Ligourió bronze, 111;
  • studied in Alexandria, 289.
• Anauchidas, statue at Olympia, 341.
• Anaxandros, statue at Olympia, 130, 266.
• Anaxilas, as dedicator of Delphi Charioteer, 278.
• Ancestors, worship of, in Greece, 14.
• Ancient writings of the Eleans, 15.
• Andokides, vase-painter, 229, 230.
• Andreas, sculptor, 118.
• Angelion, sculptor, 122, 304, 334.
  • See also Tektaios.
• Aniconic statues, 58.
• Anochos, statue at Olympia, 110, 111.
• Anointing, as athletic motive, 133f. Antaios, bout with Herakles, on proto-Attic amphora, 13.
• Antenor, sculptor, 174, 175.
• Anthologies, Greek, 43, 239, 368.
• Anthropometry in Greek sculpture, 68.
• Antidotos, painter, 29, 233.
• Antigenes, statue at Olympia, 357.
• Antignotos, sculptor, 136.
• Antigonos, statue at Olympia, 346.
• Antikythera, bronze statue of youth from sea near, 80f.;
  • statuette from sea near, 78, 79.
• Antioch, date of founding of, 121.
• Antipatros, statue at Olympia, 118;
  • father of, bribed by Syracuse, 33.
• Antoninus Pius, coins of, showing pine, 21.
• Apellas, sculptor, 131, 267, 367.
• Aphaia, temple of, on Aegina, 123f. Aphrodeisios, Tiberios Klaudios, statue at Olympia, 359;
  • victor in horse-race, 262.
• Aphrodite, altar at Olympia, 351;
  • statue in Heraion at Olympia, 326;
  • temple at Naukratis, 334.
• Apobates, chariot-race, 272f.;
  • armor worn in, 272, 273;
  • known at Athens and in Bœotia, 273;
  • preserves tradition of Homeric warfare, 272;
  • on reliefs, 272;
  • apobates, horse-race, at Olympia, 282f.
• Apollas, lost work of, on Olympic victors, 45, 130, 343.
• Apollo, as athlete, 88;
  • beaten in running, 76;
  • beats Ares in boxing, 88, 235, 285;
  • beats Hermes in running, 88, 285;
  • as charioteer, 129, 270;
  • combat with Herakles, 88, 89;
  • cult statue of, represented on vases, 335;
  • as god of boxing at Delphi, 235;
  • as god of boxing in Homer, 235;
  • as god of contests, 75;
  • as god of youth, 88;
  • hymn to, 25;
  • on coins of Athens, 90;
  • on relief in Capitoline, 89;
  • on relief with Artemis and Leto, in Louvre, 284;
  • tripods in worship of, 19.
  • Statues: Apollo Alexikakos, by Kalamis, 90;
  • from temple of Apollo at Alki, 336;
  • from Delos, 334, 335;
  • colossal, from Delos, 336;
  • from Mausoleion, 311;
  • colossal, from Olympia, 91;
  • Philesian Apollo, by elder Kanachos, 107, 118, 336;
  • from Porto d’Anzio, 144;
  • Praxitelian, in Medici Gardens, Rome, 313;
  • from West gable, Olympia, 114–116.
  • Statuettes: bronze from Naxos, in Berlin, 74, 119;
  • Payne Knight bronze, British Museum, 108, 119;
  • bronze, from Piombino, Louvre, 118;
  • Sciarra bronze, Rome, 119.
  • Temples: of Apollo Lykios, 364;
  • at Bassai, 327;
  • at Naukratis, 334.
• “Apollo,” type of, in sculpture, 100f.;
  • Aeginetan influence on, 102;
  • Choiseul-Gouffier, 89f., 91, 148;
  • funerary in character, 336, 337;
  • “grinning” and “stolid” groups, 100;
  • name “Apollo,” 337;
  • name rightly applied to statues found in sanctuaries of Apollo, 334–336;
  • nudity of, 48;
  • represents early victor statues, 334f.;
  • on-the-Omphalos, 89f., 168.
  • Statues of: from Aktion, 103, 334;
    • from Cyprus, 337;
    • from Delphi, 148;
    • colossal, from Megara, 336;
    • from Melos, 100f.;
    • from Mount Ptoion, 100–103, 120, 123, 334;
    • from Naukratis, 334;
    • from Naxos, 328, 334;
    • from Orchomenos, 100, 101, 103, 328, 334;
    • from Pompeii, 111;
    • from Tenea, 100f., 127, 148, 327, 328, 336;
    • from Thera, 100f., 327, 337;
    • from Volomandra, 100, 104, 337.
• Apollonia, head from, 157.
• Apollonios, sculptor, 168, 224;
  • quoted by Philostratos, 107.
• Apollonios, T. Ailios Aurelios, Olympic victor, statue at Athens, 370.
• Apollonios, victor at Olympia, fined by the umpires, 34.
• Apoxyomenos, the, after Lysippos, 74;
  • statue in Vatican, 136, 288f.;
  • pose of, 81, 99;
  • regarded formerly as center of stylistic treatment of Lysippos, 288;
  • so regarded by some scholars now, 291;
  • present doubts of, 290;
  • display of anatomical knowledge in, 289;
  • compared with the Agias, 289f.;
  • as work of Lysippos’ school, 292;
  • of third century B. C., 292;
  • Apoxyomenos of Polykleitos, 136;
  • statue in Uffizi as, 136, 137, 168.
• Apples, prizes at Delphi, 21, 107, 182.
• Aratos, statesman, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
• Aratos, victor, painting of, 29.
• Archaism, break with, in the statue of the ephebe from the Akropolis, 115.
• Archedamos, statue at Olympia, 120.
• Archemoros, 10.
• Archery, in Homer, 8.
• Archiadas, statue at Olympia, 358.
• Archias, victor statue at Delphi, 368.
• Archidamas, chariot victor, statue at Olympia, 265.
• Archidamas III, King of Sparta, statues at Olympia, 42.
• Archippos, statue at Olympia, 346.
• Ares, beaten by Apollo in boxing, 235, 285;
  • Doryphoros of Polykleitos converted into Ares, 74;
  • head of, in Munich, 170;
  • helmeted head of, in Louvre, 170;
  • Ludovisi statue of, 170;
  • swollen ears on heads of, 170.
• Argeiadas, sculptor, 110.
• Argive “Apollos” from Delphi, 104, 106;
  • Argive and Sikyonian canons, 68.
• Argos, canon of early sculptors of, 68;
  • characteristics of sculptors of, 116;
  • Nemean games held at, 17;
  • prizes at, 20;
  • public chariot of, victorious at Olympia, 31, 257;
  • public horse of, victorious at Olympia, 31, 257;
  • school of sculptors from, 58, 109f., 105;
  • schools of Argos and Sikyon, 109f.;
  • square shoulders of canon of sculptors from, 112.
• Arion, victor statue on Helikon, 284.
• Aristarchos, statue at Olympia, 358.
• Aristeides, the Elder, painter, 29.
• Aristeus, statue, at Olympia, 344.
• Aristion, statue at Olympia, 46, 88, 117, 159 and note 3, 240, 345.
• Aristion, stele of, 124, 127.
  • See Aristokles.
• Aristodamos, statue at Olympia, 356.
• Aristodemos, statue at Olympia, 120.
• Aristogeiton, statue of, 173f.
  • See also Harmodios and Tyrannicides.
• Aristokles, Cretan sculptor of Sikyon, 118, 120.
• Aristokles, sculptor of Aristion stele, 127.
• Ariston, of Rhegion, kitharoidos, 284.
• Ariston, P. Kornelios, statue at Olympia, 359.
• Aristonikos of Egypt, beaten at Olympia, 147.
• Aristonikos of Karystos, ball-player, 84.
• Aristophanes, 36, 246;
  • scholia on, 110, 363.
• Aristophanes, of Byzantion, 367.
• Aristophon, statue at Olympia, 31, 345, 368;
  • at Athens, 368.
• Aristotimos, 42.
• Aristotle, honor statue at Olympia, 42;
  • lost work of, on Olympic victors, 45, 130, 343;
  • on inscribed base of statue of unknown Olympic victor, 367;
  • on jumping, 214;
  • on jumping-weights, 216;
  • in praise of “mimetic” arts, 58.
• Arkadia, funeral games in, 9, 20;
  • Pausanias’ description of, 326;
  • statue of unnamed boxer from, at Olympia, 245.
• Arkas, father of Azan, 9.
• Arkesilaos, of Sparta, statue at Olympia, 29.
• Arkesilas IV, of Kyrene, chariot victor at Olympia 257;
  • chariot model at Delphi, 24, 265, 267;
  • as dedicator of the Delphi Charioteer, 277.
• Arm, right, of boy victor, from Olympia, 46;
  • bronze right arm from statue of Olympic victor, 322.
• Armed contest, in early Greek art, 8–9.
• Armor, race in; see Hoplite-race. Arndt, P., on so-called Jason, of Louvre, 87;
  • on the Perinthos and allied heads, 180.
• Arolsen, statuette of diskobolos in, 187.
• Arrhachion, crowned after death, 247;
  • statue at Phigalia, 100, 325, 326f., 328, 335, 337, 363;
  • inscription on, 333;
  • one of oldest victor statues, 327, 333;
  • three victories of 327;
  • throttled by adversary, 247.
• Ars statuaria, defined by Pliny, 302.
• Artemas, P. Ailios, statue at Olympia, 360.
• Artemidoros, Olympic victor, 354.
• Artemidoros, T. Phlabios, statue in Naples, 369.
• Artemis, on Sparta relief, 284.
• Artemisia, chariot-group of, 264.
• Artists, statues of, at Olympia, 285.
• Arvanitopoullos, A. S., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81, 84.
• Aryballos, 74, 119, 137, 138, 212;
  • on vase-paintings, 133;
  • wrongly as wrestler attribute, 165.
• Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, head of Diadoumenos in, 154.
• Asiatics, wear loin-cloth, 48.
• Asios, fragment of, 52.
• Asklepiades, M. Aurelios, dedicates statue in Rome to father, 370.
• Asklepiades, P., dedicates bronze diskos at Olympia, 22, 360.
• Asklepieion, the, at Athens, statues in, 130.
• Asklepios, temple at Sikyon, 370.
• Assimilation of statues of men to god and hero types, 71f.;
  • of Olympic victor statues, 71f.;
  • to types of Apollo, 88f.;
  • of the Dioskouroi, 96f.;
  • of Herakles, 93f., 319;
  • of Hermes, 75f.
• Assurbanipal, reliefs from palace of, at Nineveh, 330.
• Assyro-Babylonian art, reliefs of, represented in motion, 177;
  • influence on early Greek art, 329.
• Astragalos, base in form of, at Olympia, 240.
• Astylos, bribed by Hiero of Syracuse, 33;
  • statue at Kroton, 33, 363;
  • at Olympia, 179, 363.
• Asymmetry, example of, 70.
• Atalanta, soul of, chooses body of athlete, in Plato’s myth of Er, 36;
  • statue of, from Tegea, 306, 310, 316.
• Athena, Alea, temple at Tegea, 306;
  • Chalkioikos, hieron of, in Sparta, 283;
  • helmeted heads of, 53;
  • Lemnia, 53;
  • Old Temple of, on Akropolis, 128, 271;
  • on relief from Tarentum, 96.
• Athenæus, 57, 284.
• Athenaia; see Panathenaia. Athenaios, statue at Olympia, 244, 343, 353.
• Athens, athletes at, divided into two classes according to age, 189;
  • coins of, showing Apollo, 90;
  • statues of victors in, 26–27;
  • Gymnasion of Ptolemy at, 166.
• Athletes: barefoot and bareheaded, 48;
  • head of, in Capitoline called Juba II, 166;
  • head of, in Metropolitan Museum, showing swollen ears, 168;
  • statue of, in Copenhagen resembling the Agias, 293;
  • statue found at Ephesos, 137, 138;
  • two statues in lunging attitude, in Dresden, 292;
  • statue from Palazzo Farnese, now in London, 293;
  • statue of late style in Lansdowne House, London, 180;
  • statues of, adorn palæstræ and gymnasia, 297;
  • statues of, assimilated to types of Apollo, 88f.;
  • of the Dioskouroi, 96–97;
  • of Herakles, 93f.;
  • of Hermes, 75f.;
  • bronze statuette in Louvre, 213, 214; etc.
• Athletics, origin and early history of Greek, 1f.;
  • in Crete, 1f.;
  • at Delphi, 25;
  • in Homer, 7f.;
  • athletics and Greek religion, 14;
  • influence on sculpture, 64;
  • athletic funeral scene on a Cypriote silver vase from Etruria, 13;
  • Argive-Sikyonian school of athletic sculptors, 1, 109f.
• Attalos, base of victor statue of Attalos, father of Attalos I, at Pergamon, 368;
  • Portico of, in Athens, 368.
• Attic sculptors, 126f.;
  • characteristics of, 128;
  • examples of pre-Persian sculptures, 281;
  • influence on Polykleitos, 152, 153;
  • old Attic canon of proportions, 68.
• Attributes of victor statues, 147f.;
  • primary, 148f.;
  • secondary 161f.
• Augustus, coins of, showing celery, 21;
  • enlarges privileges of athletes in Rome, 33;
  • statue from Primaporta, 82.
• Aura, victorious mare of Pheidolas, 279.
• Aurelius, M. Antoninus, 43.
• Authors; see Poets, Prose-writers. Autolykos, statue in Athens, 27.
• Autun, statuette of pancratiast from, in Louvre, 167, 250.
• Aves, the, of Aristophanes, quoted, 206.
• Azan, games of, in Arkadia, 9, 259.
• Bacchiadas, flutist, statue on Helikon, 284.
• Bacchylides, 10, 36.
• Ball-playing (σφαιρίζειν), in antiquity, 83, 84;
  • game known as φανίνδα, 84;
  • Spartan origin of, 84.
• Barbarians, invade Greece in Middle Ages, 322;
  • destroy victor statues at Olympia, 43.
• Barberini Palace, Rome, statue in, 142;
  • estate of the Barberini, 50.
• Barracco Collection, Rome, athlete statue in, 156.
• Bases; see Victor statue bases. Bassai, temple of Apollo Epikourios at, 327.
• Bates, W. N., on interpretation of head of boy statue from Sparta, 305.
• Bathykles, sculptor, 12.
• Battos of Kyrene, group of, dedicated at Delphi, 277.
• Baukis, statue at Olympia, 117.
• Beauty, contest of, among women, in Arkadia, 57;
  • in Elis, 57;
  • on Lesbos, 57;
  • at Panathenaic games, Athens, 57;
  • on Tenedos, 57;
  • games in honor of, 57;
  • Greek worship of, 57;
  • youth chosen for, at Tanagra, 57.
• Bellerophon, on Chimæra tomb, Xanthos, 271.
• Belvedere Hermes, statue in Vatican, 72.
• Beneventum, head from, in Louvre, 63.
• Beni-Hasan, Egypt, wall-paintings at, 1, 228.
• Benndorf, on Boboli athlete in Florence, 180;
  • on epigram relative to Ladas, 197;
  • on Pliny’s nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 250.
• Bieber, Fräulein, on various artistic tendencies in the Daochos group, 291.
• Bigae and quadrigae, mentioned by Pliny, 264.
• Biting, prohibited in pankration, 246.
• Biton (?), statue of, from Delphi, 105.
• Bloch, on the Uffizi Apoxyomenos, 137.
• Boboli athlete in Florence, 180;
  • Hermes, 85.
• Boeckh, on division of athletes according to age at Athens, 189.
• Boëdromion, month of, 18.
• Bœotian games in Thebes, statues erected for, 26.
• Boetticher, on Praxitelian origin of head from Olympia, 294.
• Bologna, r.-f. krater in, 90.
• Bonus Eventus (?), statue found in Rhine, 276.
• Boreas, winged, on relief in Metropolitan Museum, 194.
• Borghese Warrior (Gladiator), statue by Agasias, 169, 208, 209, 290.
• Borsdorf, bronze bowl from, 231.
• Bosanquet, R. C., on bronze statuette found in sea off Antikythera, 79.
• Boudeuse, la petite, statue from Akropolis, 115.
• Bouleuterion; see Council-house.
• Bouprasion, Nestor contends at, 9.
• Bow, attribute of Philesian Apollo, 119.
• Boxer Vase, from Hagia Triada, 6, 7, 235.
• Boxers, bases of statues of, at Olympia, 240, 241;
  • bearded, on University of Pennsylvania Panathenaic amphora, 239;
  • between groups of warriors and dancers on an eighth century B. C. vase, 13;
  • boxer known as “man with crushed ear,” 167;
  • on Boxer Vase, 6, 7;
  • bronze head of boxer or pancratiast, from Olympia, 146, 254, 255, 322;
  • on bronze shield from Mount Ida, 235;
  • caps of, 165f.;
  • head in Munich, with swollen ears, 63, 168;
  • positions of, on vases, 239;
  • pyctae (?), by Myron, 188;
  • on pyxis, from Knossos, 7;
  • on r.-f. kylix in the British Museum, 239;
  • on r.-f. kylix of Douris, 239;
  • Seated Boxer, of Museo delle Terme, 145f.;
  • statues of, represented in motion, 243;
  • statue of, with Diadoumenos motive, 155;
  • statue in Kassel, 242;
  • statue in Lansdowne House, London, 155;
  • statue in Palazzo Albani, Rome, 165;
  • statue from Sorrento, 242;
  • statuette of, from Olympia, 28, 244;
  • swollen ear of, 240, 241.
• Boxing, 234f.;
  • antiquity of, 235;
  • in Crete, 3, 5, 6, 7, 235;
  • in Homer, 8, 234;
  • invented by Theseus, 235;
  • more dangerous than pankration, 246;
  • most popular sport at Olympia, 235;
  • one of oldest sports, 234;
  • when introduced at Olympia, 235;
  • boys’ contest, when introduced at Olympia, 235;
  • painful character of, 234f.;
  • two periods of, 235;
  • at Sparta, 167;
  • on vases, 239.
• Boxing-gloves, 235f.;
  • on Boxer Vase, 7, 235;
  • in Crete, 235;
  • in Homer, 235;
  • described by Pausanias and Philostratos, 236;
  • forms of, 236;
  • heavy (σφαῖραι or ἱμάντες ὀξεῖς), 235f.;
  • soft (ἱμάντες λεπτοί or μειλίχαι)  235f.;
  • method of putting on, 236;
  • not used in pankration, 246;
  • soft, on bronze arm found in sea off Antikythera, 236;
  • on fist from Verona, 238;
  • on forearms of Seated Boxer of the Museo delle Terme, 237, 238;
  • on statue from Herculaneum, 238;
  • on statue from Sorrento, 238.
• Boy Binding on a Fillet (ἀναδούμενος), by Pheidias, 150.
• Boy Crowning Himself, copies of statue of, identified with statue of Kyniskos at Olympia, 156;
  • on funerary relief, 155.
• Boy victors, statues of, at Olympia, 31;
  • fragments of, 324, 325;
  • less than life-size, 46;
  • boy victor (?) from Sparta, head from statue of, 305f.;
  • as case of assimilation, 319f.;
  • as an eclectic work, 37, 38;
  • chiefly Lysippan, 311, 318;
  • compared with head of Philandridas, 316;
  • surface modeling of, 318.
• Branchidai, 304, 336.
• Brasidas, games in honor of, 11.
• Bribery, of Olympic victors, 33;
  • at Epidauros, the Isthmus, etc., 34.
• Brimias, statue at Olympia, 346.
• Bronze, used for victor statues, 321f.;
  • more expensive than marble, 323, 326;
  • bronze and stone monuments together, 323.
• Brunn, on Aeginetan art, 124;
  • on archaic Attic art, 124;
  • on Daidalian ξόανα, 328;
  • on the Oil-pourer in Munich, 134;
  • on Olympia pediment groups, 114;
  • on Standing Diskobolos, 76;
  • on symmetry and rhythm, 66;
  • on Tux bronze, 207;
  • on the Vaison and Farnese types of the Diadoumenos, 154.
• Brutus, the, of Cicero, 60.
• Brygos, r.-f. kylix in style of, 204.
• Bull, in Crete, 1f.;
  • zone of the, at Olympia, 355.
• Bulle, on boxer head from Olympia, 255;
  • on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 82;
  • on the Polykleitan Diadoumenos, 151;
  • on Doryphoros, 227;
  • on dying hoplite relief, 209;
  • on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 330;
  • on ephebe statue from Akropolis, 115;
  • on Farnese Herakles, 253;
  • on hair technique of Greek sculptors, 53;
  • on the Idolino, 141, 142;
  • on the Oil-pourer, 134;
  • on Tux bronze, 207;
  • on statues of two wrestlers, from Herculaneum, 231.
• Bull-grappling, in Crete, 2f.;
  • in Tiryns, 2, 3;
  • on Vapheio cups, 355;
  • in Thessaly, 5;
  • in Viterbo, 5.
• Bull-ring, ivory model of, from Knossos, 3.
• Burgon vase, 260.
• Bybon, inscribed solos of, from Olympia, 22, 218.
• Bykelos, statue at Olympia, 120.
• Byzantine church, the, at Olympia, 347, 356f. Byzantine walls, at Olympia, 345, 357, 358, 359.
• Caere (Cerveteri), Amphiaraos vase from, 13 and note 1;
  • hydrias from, 52.
• Candia, Museum at, 2, 3.
• Canina, discovers the Apoxyomenos of the Vatican, 288.
• Canon, of Polykleitos, 69.
• Canons of proportions, 65f. Cap, of boxers and pancratiasts, 165f.;
  • on athlete head called Juba II, 166;
  • on relief in Rome, 166;
  • on Munich kylix, 166–167;
  • on statuette from Autun, 167.
• Capua, bronze statuette from, 207.
• Caracalla, baths of, 252.
• Caricature, Theban law against, 57.
• Casa Buonarroti, Florence, arm of Diskobolos from, 186.
• Caskey, L. D., on Sparta head of boy athlete, 305, 306, 310, 319.
• Castel Porziano, copy of Diskobolos from, 184.
• Castellani copy of Spinario, 202.
• Catania, coins of, showing Nike, 182.
• Cauldron, as early prize, from Cumae, 20.
• Celery, fresh, used for wreaths at Nemea, 20, 21;
  • wild, used for wreaths at the Isthmus, 21.
• Celetizontes pueri, of Kanachos, 120.
• Cerveteri; see Caere. Cestus, described by Virgil, 239;
  • metal, invented by Romans, 238, 239;
  • not mentioned by late Greek writers, 239;
  • not used in Greek contests, 235.
• Chabrias, general, statue of, 173.
• Chæroneia, battle of, 301.
• Chalkis, 19.
• Champion, the, of East gable of temple on Aegina, 207;
  • of West gable, 126.
• Chamyne; see Demeter. Chancery, hold in pankration, 247, 248.
• Chaplet, as victor attribute, 148.
• Chariots, Athenian type on vases, 262;
  • on Cretan relief, 262;
  • war-chariot in Crete and at Mycenæ, 262;
  • on Mycenæan tombstones, 262;
  • dedication of, 22;
  • descendant of Homeric war-chariot, 260;
  • four-horse, 262;
  • four-horse, on vases, 263;
  • four-horse, on marble relief, 268, 269;
  • miniature models of, at Olympia, 23;
  • war-chariot from Monteleone, in Metropolitan Museum, 263;
  • two-horse, on vases, 263;
  • two types of Greek racing-chariot, 262;
  • on eighth century B. C. vase, 263;
  • zone of, at Olympia, 345, 346, 352.
• Charioteers, statues of, 274f.;
  • close-fitting chiton of, 275;
  • long chiton of, 48, 263, 273, 274;
  • nude, 48, 275, 276;
  • statue of, in Boston, 275;
  • statue of, at Delphi, 48, 81, 90, 276f.;
  • inscription on, 277;
  • part of a group, 277;
  • copies of, 277;
  • deficiencies of, 278;
  • Gelo as dedicator of, 278;
  • as Aeginetan, 278;
  • as Attic work, 278;
  • assigned to Pythagoras, 278;
  • statue of, from Esquiline, 276;
  • statue of (?) found in Rhine near Xanten, 276;
  • relief of, mounting chariot, from Akropolis, 128, 269.
• Chariot-groups, at Olympia, 264f;
  • remains of, 269.
• Chariot-race, antiquity at Olympia, 259;
  • common in Greece, 257f.;
  • most brilliant event at Olympia and elsewhere, 257;
  • one of earliest events at Olympia, 259;
  • with two colts συνωρὶς πώλων, at Olympia, 260;
  • harnessing of two horses, on b.-f. hydria, 263;
  • groups, remains at Olympia, 269;
  • with four colts πώλων ἅρμα, at Olympia, when introduced, 260;
  • with four horses τέθριππον or ἵππων τελείων δρόμος, when introduced at Olympia, 259, 260;
  • four-horse τέθριππον, on Panathenaic vase from Sparta, 263;
  • length of race with four colts at Olympia, 260;
  • length of race with four full-grown horses at Olympia, 260;
  • with mules ἀπήνη, when introduced at Olympia, 261;
  • at oldest funeral games, in Arkadia, 259;
  • oldest monument of, at Olympia, 264, 265;
  • origin of in mythical times, 259;
  • originally with two horses, 260;
  • when stopped at Olympia, 261;
  • sport of wealthy, 257;
  • representations, common on vases, 262f.;
  • trotting-race with mares κάλπη, 261, 282.
  • See Apobates, chariot-race.
• Chariot victors, dedicate chariot-groups at Olympia, 264f.;
  • dedicate models of chariots at Olympia, 265;
  • dedicate statues at Olympia, 265;
  • act as own charioteers, 266–267.
• Charmides, statue at Olympia, 342.
• Charops, statue at Olympia, 358.
• Chase, G. H., on bronze tripods in Loeb collection, 194, note 7;
  • on Monteleone chariot, 264.
• Cheilon, ephor of Sparta, died of joy at Olympia, 36.
• Cheilon, date of second victory of, 301;
  • fights at Lamia, 301;
  • statue at Olympia, 32, 121, 298.
• Cheimon, statue at Argos, 366;
  • at Olympia, 117, 234, 344, 366.
• Cheirisophos, sculptor, 334.
• Chewsurs, of the Caucasus, funeral games among, 11.
• Chimæra tomb, so-called, at Xanthos, 271.
• Chinnery Hermes, head, 181.
• Chionis, statue at Olympia, 32, 333, 352, 362;
  • tablet of, at Sparta, 362;
  • record jump of, at Olympia, 216.
• Chios, early sculpture of, 177; games on, 189.
• Chisel, used in hair of the Agias and Philandridas, 297.
• Chiton, conventional dress of charioteers, 275.
• Chiusi, wall-painting from, 217.
• Chlamys, on statues of Meleager, 313.
• Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo, statue known as, 89f.;
  • replica of head in British Museum, 91;
  • replica of head, from Kyrene 334;
  • thongs on tree-trunk nearby, 165.
• Chorus, of boys and girls, in honor of victors, 34.
• Christodoros, description of statue of Hermes by, 87.
• Chrysippos, quoted by Galen, 70.
• Chrysothemis, sculptor, 105, 116.
• Cicero, as art critic, 60.
• Cincinnatus, 87.
• Circassians, funeral games among, 11.
• Circus, Roman, hair-fashion of athletes at, 52;
  • finally supersedes equestrian contests of Olympia, 261.
• Cloak, prize at Pellene, 20.
• Club, on Cretan grave-relief, 199;
  • on statuette from Palermo, 199.
• Cockerell, on dedication from Delphi, 372.
• Coins: of Antoninus Pius, showing pine, 21;
  • of Alexander the Great, showing Herakles, 253;
  • of Athens, showing Apollo, 90;
  • of Augustus, showing celery, 21;
  • of Catania, showing Nike, 182;
  • of Commodus as Hercules, 74;
  • of Delphi, showing Apollo, 92, 336;
  • of Euagoras I, King of Salamis in Cyprus, showing swollen ears, 169;
  • of Geta, 306;
  • of Lucius Verus, 21;
  • of Markianopolis, 87;
  • of Messana, showing mule-car, 263;
  • of Messene, 111;
  • of Miletos, 74, 118, 119, 336;
  • of Nero, 21;
  • of Philip II, King of Macedon, showing victorious jockey with palm-branch, 280;
  • of Philippopolis, 78;
  • of Rhegion, showing mule-car, 263;
  • of Selinos, showing celery wreath, 21;
  • of Sicily, showing racing chariots, 262, 263;
  • of Syracuse, showing Nike with tablet, 182;
  • of Tarentum, showing apobates horse-race, 282;
  • showing poses of Olympic victor statues, 44;
  • showing scenes of wrestling, 228.
• Collignon, M., on statue of Astylos, at Kroton, 364;
  • on so-called Borghese Warrior, 209;
  • on the Doryphoros of Polykleitos, 227;
  • on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 329;
  • on identification of the statue of Kyniskos, 159;
  • on the Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
  • on Tux bronze, 207.
• Color, on early Attic sculpture, 126.
• Commodus, statue in Mantua, 72;
  • coins of, showing him as Hercules, 74.
• Concentration (αύτάρκεια), in Greek statues, 82;
  • in Myron’s statues, 183;
  • in the Diskobolos, 137, 201.
• Concord, temple of, Rome, 234.
• Constantinople, sack of, by Franks, 253.
• Contest (Agon), figure of, in Mikythos group at Olympia, 164, 215.
• Conversion of athlete statues into those of gods, 74.
• Conze, A., on “Apollo” type as representing victors, 335;
  • on Choiseul-Gouffier statue type, 90;
  • on statue of Commodus at Mantua, 72.
• Copenhagen, heads in Ny-Carlsberg collection at, with swollen ears, 168.
• Corfu, bronze from, 96.
• Corinth, clay tablets from, 52, 182;
  • festival at Isthmus of, 1;
  • meeting-place of East and West, 17;
  • near Isthmian games, 25;
  • end of tyranny at, 17.
• Corn-grinding slave woman, Egyptian statuette of, 177.
• Council-house (Bouleuterion), at Olympia, 227, 344, 346, 349, 350, 355, 357, 358.
• Cow, sacrificed to Hera at the Heraia, Olympia, 49.
• Cowardice, case of, at Olympia, 34.
• Crete, acrobats of, 2;
  • center of Aegean civilization, 1;
  • costumes of men and women acrobats, 2, 4;
  • Cretan youths dedicate offerings to Eros, 57;
  • Cretan youths sacrifice to Apollo, the runner, 88;
  • famed in the long race, 191;
  • motion figures from, 3;
  • origin of sports in, 1;
  • physical development in, 6;
  • sports in, 1f.
• Crœsus, fall of empire of, 126.
• Cross-buttocks, throw in wrestling, 229;
  • shown in small bronze group in the Loeb Collection, 232, 233.
• Crown of wild olive, as temporary reward for victor, 37, 155f. Cuirass (?), prize at Argos, 20.
• Cumae, inscribed cauldron from, as prize, 20.
• Cures, effected by victor statues, 35.
• Curtius, E., on the Σκήνωμα in Sparta, 367.
• Cypriote silver vase in repoussé from Etruria, in Florence, 13.
• Daidalian ξόανα, 328.
• Daidalos, of Crete, mythical sculptor, 118.
• Daidalos, of Sikyon, sculptor, 109, 120, 138, 266, 279;
  • Daidalos and canon of Polykleitos, 69;
  • statues of destringentes se by, 136;
  • leg position of statues of, 159.
• Daïkles, victor, 20.
• Daïppos, sculptor, statues at Olympia, 121;
  • perixyomenoi by, 136.
• Daitondas, sculptor, 121.
• Dalecampius, on Myron’s pristae, 188. Damagetos, statue at Olympia, 36, 46, 355.
• Damaithidas, statue at Olympia, 358.
• Damaretos, statue at Olympia, 105, 116, 117, 161, 203.
• Dameas, sculptor, 116.
• Damokritos, sculptor, 120.
• Damonon, hippodrome victories of, in and near Lakonia, 257;
  • acts as own charioteer, 266.
• Damoxenidas, statue at Olympia, 44.
• Damoxenos, slays Kreugas in pankration at Nemea, 237, 247.
• Danaë and Perseus, in a chest, 188.
• Dancers, bronze, from Herculaneum, identified with statue of Kyniska, 267;
  • ceremonial of, at Knossos, 3;
  • on shield of Achilles, 5.
• Daochos, dedicates statuary group at Pharsalos and Delphi, 286f. Dead, cult of, as origin of Greek games, 9f. Dedication, of athletic prizes, 21f.;
  • formulæ at Olympia, 37.
• Deida, M., statue at Olympia, 359.
• Deinolochos, statue at Olympia, 120.
• Deinosthenes, statue at Olympia, 347.
• Delian Apollo, of Angelion and Tektaios, 304;
  • “doubles” of, in Athens and Delphi, 304.
• Delos, Apollo from, 334;
  • colossal Apollo from, 336;
  • copy of Diadoumenos from, 92f., 152, 153;
  • Ionian festival on, 15;
  • contests of Theseus in honor of Apollo on, 160;
  • tripods in temple of Apollo on, 9.
• Delphi, “Apollos” from, 104;
  • athletes divided into three classes according to age, 189;
  • coins of, showing Apollo, 92, 336;
  • coins of, showing laurel wreath, 21;
  • contests at, 25;
  • athletic, 25;
  • dramatic, 25;
  • equestrian, 25;
  • flute solo, 25;
  • lyre-playing, 25;
  • music, as chief contest at, 25;
  • painting, 25;
  • poetry, 25;
  • singing, 25;
  • decrees of, to athletes, 26;
  • Delphians sacrifice to Apollo the boxer, 88;
  • festival at, 9;
  • inscribed bases of victor monuments from, 26;
  • mentioned by Homer, 9;
  • oracle at, 18, 30, 34;
  • religious interest of Pausanias in, 24;
  • statue of pancratiast at, 26;
  • statuette of victor from, 28;
  • temple of Apollo at, 336;
  • tripods in temple of Apollo at, 19;
  • victor monuments at, 26;
  • victor grave-relief from, 138.
• Demeter, the Eleusinia in honor of, 18;
  • Chamyne, priestess of, admitted to Olympia, 16;
  • of Knidos, statue of, 311.
• Demetrios, M. Aurelios, Olympic victor statue in Rome, 370.
• Demetrios of Phaleron, honor statues in Athens, 41.
• Demetrios, sculptor, 56.
• Demokrates, statue at Olympia, 358.
• Deonna, W., against Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 329.
• Dermys and Kitylos, grave-figures of, from Tanagra, 335.
• Destringentes se, statues mentioned by Pliny, 136.
• Diadoumenoi, or fillet-binders, 150f. Diadoumenos, of Pheidias, 150f.;
  • older than that of Polykleitos, 151;
  • motive of, 151;
  • Farnese copy, 151;
  • of Polykleitos, 152f.;
  • as example of rest statue, 99;
  • as example of “ethical grace,” 63;
  • leg position of, 159;
  • copy of, from Delos, 92f., 152, 153;
  • other copies of, 152f.;
  • head-style of, 152;
  • British Museum head of, 153, 154;
  • Dresden head of, 153;
  • Kassel head of, 153;
  • statuette from Smyrna, 154;
  • on throne of Zeus at Olympia, 150;
  • pose of Vaison and Farnese copies, 155.
• Diagoras, most famous Greek boxer, 365;
  • statue at Olympia, 130, 365;
  • size of, 45;
  • family group of, 342, 343, 352.
• Diaulodromos, or double sprinter, 193;
  • on Athens inscribed vase, 194.
• Dickins, G., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90;
  • on statuette of trumpeter from Sparta, 283.
• Didymaion, near Miletos, 108;
  • statues at, 26.
• Diitrephes, statue on Akropolis, 199 and note 5, 373.
• Dikon, three statues at Olympia, 29, 55;
  • bribed by Syracuse, 33.
• Dio Chrysostom, on art, 61;
  • on confusing athlete and hero statues, 71;
  • on difference between victor and honor statues, 41;
  • on Theagenes’ statue at Thasos, 364.
• Diodoros, on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 330;
  • on proportion in Egyptian statuary, 67, note 4;
  • on family of the artist Rhoikos of Samos, 330;
  • on Pythian Apollo by Telekles and Theodoros, 334.
• Diogenes, five times victor in trumpeting, at Olympia, 283;
  • base of statue at Olympia, 360.
• Diogenes Laertios, on gold statue vowed by Periandros, 266;
  • on Pythagoras, 67, 179.
• Diomedes, as boxer, 169;
  • Delphic tripod ascribed to, 21;
  • single combat of, with Ajax, 8;
  • statue known as, in Munich, 157, 169;
  • statue known as, in Palazzo Valentini, Rome, 163, 207.
• Dionysia, games at the, in Kyrene, 50;
  • at Sparta, 50;
  • statue of victor at, in Athens, 27.
• Dionysios, sculptor, 268.
• Dionysios, tyrant of Syracuse, 33.
• Dionysos, bearded type of, 335;
  • short hair of, on Parthenon frieze, 53;
  • statue of, in group, 144;
  • statue of (?), found in Rhine near Xanten, 276;
  • tripods in honor of, at Athens and Rhodes, 19.
• Diophanes, statue at the Isthmus, 27.
• Diophon, pentathlete, epigram on, 210.
• Dioskouroi, athlete statues assimilated to, 96, 97;
  • diskos dedicated to, by Exoïdas, 218;
  • on grave-relief in Verona, 97;
  • relief of, from Tarentum, 96;
  • on votive relief in London, 97.
• Dipoinos, sculptor, 118, 122, 334.
  • See also Skyllis.
• Dipylon geometric vase from Akropolis, in Copenhagen, showing funeral games, 13.
• Diskoboloi, statuettes of, 28, 218f;
  • bronze statuette in London, 221;
  • bronze statuette in Metropolitan Museum, 116, 148, 220, 221;
  • on cover of lebes in London, 221.
• Diskobolos, the, of Myron, 184f.;
  • cast of, from various copies, 186;
  • concentration of (αυτάρκεια) 137, 183, 201;
  • copies of 184f.;
  • copy of, in Capitoline, 185;
  • from Castel Porziano, 184;
  • in Lancellotti Palace, Rome, 184;
  • Græco-Roman copy from Tivoli, in London, 184, 185;
  • in Vatican, from Tivoli, 184;
  • on a gem, 187;
  • as example of a diskos-thrower, 164;
  • as example of rhythm, 66;
  • Lucian’s description of, 186, 187;
  • moment chosen by Myron in, 187;
  • pose of, 219, 220;
  • predecessors of, 222;
  • Quintilian on, 187;
  • relief of, from Dipylon, 127;
  • represents trained athlete, 183, 184;
  • right arm of, from Casa Buonarroti, Florence, 186;
  • short hair of, 52;
  • small bronze in Berlin, 221;
  • statuettes in Munich and Arolsen, 187;
  • compared with Tyrannicides, 183.
  • See also Standing Diskobolos.
• Diskoi, bronze, from the Altis, 22, 218;
  • dedication of bronze, 22;
  • kept in Sikyonian treasury at Olympia, for use of pentathletes, 22;
  • on r.-f. vase in Munich, 164;
  • diskos, as attribute of pentathlete statues, 164;
  • bronze, from Sicily, 217;
  • inscribed, of Asklepiades, 40;
  • inscribed, of Exoïdas, from Kephallenia (?), 97, 218;
  • known to Homer, 218;
  • lighter for boys than for men, 218.
• Diskos-throwing (δισκοβολία), goes back to mythology, 218;
  • shown by statues, statuettes, reliefs, vase-paintings, etc., 164, 218;
  • seven positions of, given by Gardiner, 218f.;
  • record throw of Phaÿllos in, discussed, 216.
• Dittenberger, W., on division of athletes at Athens, according to age, 189;
  • on Pliny, 27;
  • on votive character of inscriptions on victor statue-bases, at Olympia, 39;
  • Dittenberger and Purgold, on exclusive use of bronze for Olympic victor statues, 321.
• Diver (?), statuette of, from Perugia, 217.
• Dodona, bronze statuette from, 143;
  • bronze statuette of ephebe on horseback from, 28, 281;
  • bronze statuette of warrior from, 126, 178;
  • mentioned by Homer, 16;
  • tripods in temple of Zeus at, 19.
• Doerpfeld, W., on base of the Platæan Zeus at Olympia, 344;
  • on bases of victors found in South wall of Altis, 347;
  • on beginning of Pausanias’ first route in the Altis, 341;
  • on excavations at site so-called of Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia, 349;
  • on positions of victor statues in the Altis, 340;
  • on second route of Pausanias in the Altis, 351;
  • on statues, ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει, 350.
• Dolichodromos, endurance runner, 193.
• Domitian, stadion at Rome, 50.
• Dorians, the, 1.
• Dorieus, prisoner at Athens, 36;
  • victor statue at Olympia, 355.
• Dorykleidas, victor dedication to Herakles and Hermes by, 75, 76.
• Doryphoroi, mentioned by Pliny, 226.
• Doryphoros, of Kresilas, 145;
  • of Polykleitos, 77, 224f.;
  • as an Achilles, 92;
  • converted into god-type, 74;
  • converted into Hermes, 87, 88;
  • compared with Diadoumenos, 152;
  • copy at Olympia, 227;
  • green basalt torso in Florence, 225;
  • marble torso formerly in Pourtalès Collection, 225;
  • from Pompeii, its measurements, 70;
  • copy in Vatican, 225;
  • etymology and use of word, 225, 226;
  • head from Herculaneum, by Apollonios, 168;
  • as highest ideal of manly beauty, 141;
  • as example of javelin-thrower, 164;
  • leg position of, 159;
  • as master of Lysippos, 70, 301;
  • as norm of proportions, 58, 68, 69, 70;
  • original as pentathlete victor statue, 227;
  • pose of, 225;
  • style of head of, 152;
  • as victor statue, 226, 227.
• Double foot-race (δίαυλος), 190;
  • date of introduction at Olympia, 191.
• “Doubles” of statues, 304, 305.
• Douris, on Lysippos, 69.
• Douris, vase-painter, r.-f. kylix by, 239.
• Dramatic contests, at Delphi, 25.
• Dresden Boy, the, statue in Dresden, 213.
• Dromeus, statue at Olympia, 179, 343;
  • identified with mala ferens nudus, of Pliny, 182.
• Drunkenness, statue of, 144.
• Duerer, Albrecht, on proportions, 68.
• Duetschke, on the Mantuan Commodus, 72.
• Dumont, on division of athletes at Athens by age, 189.
• Dying hoplite runner, relief of, in Athens, 194, 209.
• Dying Gaul statues, 255.
• Dyneiketos, victor, represented on r.-f. Panathenaic vase, 280.
• Ear, swollen, as attribute of victor statues, 167f.;
  • as professional characteristic of athlete and god statues, 168;
  • on various heads, 168;
  • on heads of gods and heroes, 169f.
• Ear-lappets (ἀμφωτίδες, ἐπωτίδες), on marble head, 167;
  • worn by boys in the palæstra, 167.
• Echembrotos, musician, dedicates a tripod to Herakles 22.
• Echo Colonnade, at Olympia, 343, 345, 352, 358, 360.
• Egesta, Sicily, 35;
  • honors Philippos, victor, with a heroön, 57.
• Egypt, division of, into Old and Middle Kingdoms, and New Empire, 330–331.
• Egyptian art, proportions in, 67 and note 4;
  • adopted by Greeks, 330;
  • becomes fixed, 331;
  • influence of, on early Greek art, 328f., 332;
  • Egyptian statues, characteristics of, 332;
  • compared with Greek, 332.
• Eklektos, Valerios, statue at Athens, 371;
  • at Olympia, 359, 360, 371.
• Elean register, 31;
  • school of sculpture, 114;
  • umpires, 94.
• Eleans, led by Oxylos from Aitolia, 15.
• Electra, of Sophokles, quoted, 267.
• Eleusinia, the, 18;
  • prizes at, 20;
  • statue of victor in Athens, 27.
• Eleusis, copy of statue of Kyniskos (?) from, 74, 156.
• Eleutheria, games at Platæa, 11, 203. Emerson, A., on statue of Kyniska, 267.
• Energy, as characteristic of Myron’s statues, 152.
• Enkrinomenos, statue by Alkamenes, 77, 134.
• Enymakratidas, hippodrome victories of, in Lakonia, 257.
• Epainetos, inscribed jumping-weight of, from Eleusis, 215.
• Epeios, boxing-match with Euryalos, 7, 88.
• Epeirote singer, pummelled by order of Nero, 34.
• Eperastos, victor at Olympia, 163.
• Ephebe, head of, with yellow hair, from Akropolis, 116;
  • statue from Akropolis, 115, 175;
  • statue from Hadrian’s villa, assimilated to Hermes, 80;
  • victorious ephebes leading horses, on Athenian relief, 281;
  • ephebes (ἀγένειοι), 189.
• Ephodoi (ἔφοδοι), or routes of Pausanias, in the Altis, 339, 341f., 348f. Epicharinos, statue on Akropolis, 27, 176, 179, 206, 372.
• Epidauros, inscription from, 34.
• Epigonos, erects monument to Attalos, 368.
• Epigrams, on Olympic victor statue bases, 43.
• Epikradios, statue at Olympia, 122, 352.
• Epitaphia, festival at Athens, 18.
• Epitherses, statue at Olympia, 31, 244, 346.
• Eponymus victor, at Olympia, 191.
• Equestrian contests, at Delphi, 25;
  • at Olympia, replaced by amusements of Roman circus, 261;
  • revived at Olympia under Empire, 261.
  • See also Chariot-race, Horse-race.
• Er, myth of, in Plato’s Republic, 36.
• Erasistratos, physician at Alexandria, 290.
• Eretrian Bull, the, at Olympia, 342, 352, 357, 358, 359;
  • zone of, at Olympia, 343.
• Eriphyle, on archaic vase, 13.
• Eros, offerings to, 57;
  • bronze statue from Tunis, 156, 158.
• Erotidia, division of athletes at the Bœotian, according to age, 189.
• Etruria, funeral games of, borrowed by Romans, 11;
  • athletic scenes from tombs of, 11.
• Etruscan Orator, statue in Florence, 82.
• Euagoras I, King of Salamis, in Cyprus, coins of, showing swollen ears, 169.
• Euagoras of Sparta, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 23, 37, 265.
• Eubotas, statue at Kyrene, 366;
  • at Olympia, 31, 352, 366.
• Eudelos, of Rhodes, adversary of Straton, at Olympia, 34.
• Eukles, statue at Olympia, 45, 117, 241, 342, 343.
• Eumastas, inscribed stone of, from Thera, 218, note 3.
• Eunomos, kitharoidos, statue in honor of Pythian victory, 284.
• Euphorbos, on painted terra-cotta plate, 178.
• Euphranor, sculptor, 23, 36, 69;
  • books of, on symmetry, 69;
  • canon of, 69;
  • head of athlete statue from circle of, 233.
• Euphronios, r.-f. kylix by, 204.
• Eupolemos, statue at Olympia, 120, 342.c Eupolos, bribes three adversaries at Olympia and all four are fined, 33.
• Eupompos, painter, 29, 69, 160.
• Euripides, protests against professionalism in athletics, 36.
• Euryalos, 8, 88.
• Eurybates, pentathlete, 59.
• Euryleonis, victress, statue at Sparta, 367.
• Eurytos, 8.
• Eusebios, on statue of Theagenes, 364.
• Eutelidas, sculptor, 105, 116.
• Eutelidas, victor statue at Olympia, 106, 333, 337, 346.
• Euthykrates, sculptor, 314.
• Euthymenes, statue at Olympia, 120, 344, 352.
• Euthymos, boxing match with Theagenes, 247;
  • son of river god Kaikinos, 35;
  • statue at Lokroi Epizephyrioi, 364;
  • statue at Olympia, 55, 62, 90, 179, 183, 342, 352;
  • inscribed base from, 38;
  • statue at Olympia identified by Waldstein with Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 179.
• Eutychides, sculptor and painter, 121, 324.
• Evans, A., on ivory statuettes from Knossos, 3;
  • on stucco reliefs from Knossos, 4.
• Exainetos, victor, drawn into native city by fellow-citizens, 35.
• Exhortation to the Arts, work by Galen cited, 37.
• Exoïdas, bronze diskos of, 97, 218.
• Eye, almond-shaped, in archaic art, 127;
  • in the Agias, 315;
  • in Skopaic heads, 308, 311f.;
  • treatment of, by Lysippos, 311f.
• Fabius Maximus, carries off colossal Herakles from Tarentum to Rome, 253.
• Fagan head, the, in British Museum, 87.
• Farnese Diadoumenos, statue in British Museum, 151f., 154;
  • compared with Diadoumenos from Vaison, 154.
• Farnese Herakles, statue in Naples, 252, 253;
  • of Lysippan origin, 253;
  • as realistic work, 289.
• Farnese Hermes, statue in British Museum, 72.
• Farnsworth Museum, Wellesley, Mass., statue of athlete in, 139.
• Fawn, as attribute of Philesian Apollo, 119.
• Fellows, C., discovers Chimæra tomb at Xanthos, 271.
• Fevers, cured by victor statues, 364.
• Ficoroni cista, in Rome, 243, 269.
• Fierce expression (γοργόν), of Philandridas head from Olympia, 294, 297;
  • threatening look of athletes mentioned by Sokrates, 59.
• File, use of, on Philandridas head, 295.
• Fillet, victor, 168f.;
  • on victor statues, 149f.;
  • on statue from Piræus, 150;
  • in hand of victor, 150;
  • on heads, 96;
  • as symposium attribute, 149;
  • rolled, on heads of Herakles, 170.
  • See Tainia.
• Fillet-binders, or diadoumenoi, 150f. Fine, paid by Theagenes, 247.
• Finger, as common measure in proportions, 68.
• Flasch, A. F., on bronze head of a boxer from Olympia, 255;
  • on the Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
  • on positions of victor statues in Altis, 340.
• Flaxman, John, sculptor, on proportions, 68.
• Flute-playing, at Delphi, 25;
  • accompanies pentathlon, at Olympia, 284;
  • on vases, 285.
• Flutists, statues of victorious, 284;
  • honor statue of, 42;
  • on chest of Kypselos, 285.
• Flying mare, throw in pankration, 247;
  • throw in wrestling, 229.
• Foal-race, at Olympia, 260.
• Foerster, H., on location of statue of Ladas, 197;
  • on statue of Leon, 366.
• Foerster, R., on head of hoplitodrome, from Olympia, 163.
• Foot, as common measure in proportions, 68;
  • bronze, from victor statue at Olympia, 255, 322;
  • left, forward in Egyptian and early Greek statues, 332.
• Footmarks, on bases of victor statues, at Olympia, 43.
• Foot-race, the, at games of Patroklos, 8;
  • at the Heraia, at Olympia, 49.
  • See Stade-race.
• Forearm, fragment of, with horn, in relief, 4.
• Fragments, bronze, of victor statues, from Olympia, 322;
  • marble, from Olympia, 324;
  • bronze, of boy victor statues from Olympia, 322;
  • marble, of boy victor statues from Olympia, 324, 325.
• Frascati, statuette from, in Boston, 138.
• Frazer, J. G., on Arrhachion’s statue, 327;
  • on funeral games, 11;
  • on omission of Olympiad 211 from Elean register, 369;
  • on statue of Diitrephes, Athens, 373.
• “Free” leg, motive in sculpture, 109, 226.
• Friedrichs, K., on identifying Doryphoros from Pompeii, 224.
• Friedrichs-Wolters, on Olympia gable sculptures, 114.
• Fritsch, G., on body proportions in Greek sculpture, 67.
• Froehner, W., on the Jason of the Louvre, 87.
• “Frontality,” law of, formulated, 175, 328.
• Frost, K. T., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 82;
  • on differences between the Agias and Apoxyomenos, 290;
  • on Ligourió bronze, 111.
• Funeral games, on archaic vases, 13;
  • attested by early Greek art, 12;
  • on Dipylon vase, in Copenhagen, 13;
  • in honor of Azan, 9; in honor of eminent men, 11;
  • in honor of Patroklos, 8, 9;
  • origin of, 14;
  • periodic, 13, 14;
  • on sarcophagus from Klazomenai, 13;
  • funeral customs survive in later ritual, 11.
• Funerary reliefs, Attic, 66.
• Furtwaengler, A., on Akropolis chariot relief, 271;
  • on the Alkibiades of Vatican, 199, 200;
  • on the Apoxyomenos of Uffizi, 137;
  • on the Apoxyomenos of Vatican, 136;
  • on Aristion’s statue, 88, 241;
  • on athlete head in Copenhagen, 95;
  • on athlete statue in British Museum, 293;
  • on bronze head of a boxer in Glyptothek, 63;
  • on bronze head of a boxer from Olympia, 255;
  • on bronze foot from Olympia, 255;
  • on bronze head from Akropolis, 115;
  • on bronze statuette in Louvre, 139;
  • on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 90;
  • on statue of Diitrephes, on Akropolis, 373;
  • on so-called Diomedes, of Palazzo Valentini, Rome, 207;
  • on doryphoroi of Pliny, 226;
  • on term doryphoros, 226;
  • on Dresden athlete statues, 292;
  • on Dresden Boy, 213;
  • on Egyptian influence on “Apollo” type, 329;
  • on ephebe statue from Akropolis, 115;
  • on erecting statues of victors at Olympia, 38;
  • on Esquiline charioteer, 276;
  • on Eupompos’ painting of Olympic victor, 160;
  • on excavations at Aegina, 124;
  • on Hagelaïdas, 110;
  • on Idolino, 141, 142;
  • on influence of athletics on Greek art, 64;
  • on Kassel boxer, 155;
  • on Kassel head of Polykleitos’ Diadoumenos, 153;
  • on kneeling figures from West gable at Olympia, 195;
  • on Kresilæan athlete head, 145;
  • on statue of Kylon, on Akropolis, 362;
  • on statue of Kyniska, at Olympia, 131;
  • on Kyniska’s victor group at Olympia, 267;
  • on Kyniskos’ statue, 74;
  • on Lansdowne Herakles, 313;
  • on libation-pouring, 139;
  • on Ligourió bronze, 111;
  • on marble head in Turin, 93;
  • on Monteleone chariot in Metropolitan Museum, 264;
  • on motive of Pheidias’ Diadoumenos, 151;
  • on Munich Oil-pourer, 134;
  • on Munich King, (?), 226;
  • on Myron’s pristae, 188;
  • on nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 250, 251;
  • on Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
  • on Petworth ephebe, 133;
  • on Pheidias’ hair treatment in goddess heads, 53;
  • on Philandridas head, 294;
  • on Pythagoras, 179, 180;
  • on Pythokles’ statue, 212;
  • on Rayet head, 128;
  • on Riccardi bust in Florence, 180;
  • on right arm of boy victor, from Olympia, 46;
  • on rolled fillet, 96;
  • on short and long hair of god heads, 52;
  • on Somzée athlete, 251;
  • on sparring motive in Berlin torso, 244;
  • on Standing Diskobolos, 76;
  • on statue from Carinthia, 131;
  • on statue “doubles,” 304;
  • on statue of youth in Berlin, 292;
  • on tin-foil wheels, from Olympia, 23;
  • on two heads of hoplitodromes from Olympia, 163;
  • on use of marble in Olympic victor statues, 324;
  • on “Vatican athlete at rest,” 140;
  • Furtwaengler and Urlichs, on use of bronze for Olympic victor statues, 321.
• Galen, on ball-playing, 84;
  • on the Doryphoros, 70;
  • protests against professionalism in athletics, 36, 37.
• Games, early Greek, 1f.;
  • origin of, in cult of dead, 9f.;
  • origin of four national, 9;
  • early history of, 14f.;
  • local, 17f.
• Ganymedes, identified with statue of youth from Subiaco, 195.
• Gardiner, E. N., on apobates horse-race, 282;
  • on colossal Farnese Herakles, 252;
  • on diskos-throwing, 218f.;
  • on earliest event at Olympia, 37;
  • on Irish fairs, 12;
  • on origin of four-horse chariot-race at Olympia, 259;
  • on positions in javelin-throwing, 223;
  • on rules of pankration, 246;
  • on shapes of jumping-weights, 214;
  • on Uffizi pancratiast group, 252.
• Gardner, E. A., on the Agias, 303;
  • on artist school at Olympia, 58;
  • on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81;
  • on contrast between the Atalanta and other Tegea heads, 310, note 3;
  • on epigram from statue of Ladas, 197;
  • on eye treatment in the Agias, 315;
  • on eye treatment in the Atalanta from Tegea, 310;
  • on honors paid to victors, 36;
  • on helmeted head from Tegea, 308.
• Gardner, P., on date of Lysippos 300, 301;
  • on Greek portraiture, 55;
  • on head of Diadoumenos of Polykleitos, in Oxford, 154, 155;
  • on the Meleager and Lansdowne Herakles as Lysippan, 315;
  • quotes K. T. Frost on the Agias and the Apoxyomenos, 290;
  • on symmetry, 66.
• Gelados; see Hagelaïdas. Gelo, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 122, 257, 264, 266, 344, 355;
  • as dedicator of Delphi Charioteer, 278.
• Gem, showing Apoxyomenos of Polykleitos, 136;
  • showing Diskobolos, 187;
  • showing Perseus and Gorgon’s head, 83;
  • showing poses of Olympic victor statues, 214.
• Genzano, bust of Herakles from, 169, 170.
• Geraistos, Euboea, 373.
• Gerhard, E., on vases showing four-horse chariots, 263.
• Germanicus, statue so-called, 85.
• Germanicus Caesar, victor in chariot race at Olympia, 257, 261, 357, 358, 359.
• Germans, excavations of Olympia by, 43.
• Gestures, “transitory” and “stationary,” 83.
• Geta, coin of, 306.
• Girl runner, statue in Vatican, 49, 50;
  • statuette from Dodona, 28.
• Gladiatorial shows, borrowed from Etruria by Romans, 11.
• Glaukias, sculptor, 32, 122, 125, 176, 243, 244, 264, 266, 278.
• Glaukon, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 265, 347.
• Glaukos, statue at Olympia, 32, 122, 125, 176, 243.
• Glykon, sculptor, 252, 253.
• Gods, statues of, dedicated to other gods and goddesses, 335;
  • worship of, supersedes that of heroes, 14.
• Goldsmiths, in Crete, 4.
• Gorgias, honor statue at Olympia, 42, 351.
• Gorgon, on Pindar’s VIIth Olympic ode, 365.
• Gorgos, statue at Olympia, 55, 59.
• Gouging, prohibited in pankration, 246;
  • shown on r.-f. kylix, 246.
• Graef, B., on Antenor’s female statue from Akropolis 174;
  • on copies of original of Lansdowne Herakles, 313;
  • Skopaic group of, 315.
• Grain, as prize at the Eleusinia, 20.
• Grained-hair technique, 53.
• Granianos; see Kranaos.
• Grave-relief, fragment from Dipylon, 127.
• Great Altar; see Zeus, Great Altar of. Greaves, early attribute of hoplitodromoi, 161;
  • later discarded, 203.
• Greece, dependent on outside peoples in early art, 329;
  • debt to Orient, 330;
  • Roman conquest of, 261.
• Greek anthologies, see Anthologies, Greek. Greek and Egyptian statues compared, 332.
• “Grinning” group, of so-called “Apollo” statues, 100.
• Guillaume, E., on measurements of Doryphoros, 70.
• Gurlitt, W., on Pausanias’ routes in Altis, 340.
• Gymnasia, absent in Homer, 7;
  • statues of athletes in, 297;
  • statues of athletic gods in, 75, 94.
• Gymnasiarch, Hermes as, 78.
• Gymnasion, Great, at Olympia, 297, 299, 356.
• Gymnasium, scene from, on r.-f. kylix, 164.
• Gythion, statue of Herakles, at, 319.
• Habich, G., on Standing Diskobolos, 78.
• Hadrian, revives Nemean games at Argos, 17;
  • villa of, at Tivoli, 80, 174.
• Hagelaïdas. sculptor, 36;
  • canon of, 68, 148, 159;
  • chariot-group of Kleosthenes, at Olympia, by, 266;
  • date of, 61, 321;
  • teacher of Myron and Polykleitos, 61, 110;
  • teacher of Pheidias, 110;
  • called Gelados by scholiast on Aristophanes’ Ranae, 110.
• Hair-fashion, athletic, 50f.;
  • Bulle on hair, 53;
  • ephebes dedicate hair to a god, 51;
  • grained style, 53;
  • on Hellenistic heads, 296.
  • Long, at Athens, after Persian Wars, 51;
  • long, on athletes, before Persian Wars, 335;
  • braided, by boxers and pancratiasts, 51;
  • discarded in wrestling, 51;
  • in Homer, 50, 51;
  • on monuments, 52;
  • on old Attic vases, 52;
  • as sign of effeminacy, 51;
  • at Sparta, 51;
  • at Thermopylæ, 51;
  • worn by knights, 51;
  • long and short, on god statues, 52;
  • pearl-string style of, 53;
  • pictorial treatment of, 53.
  • Short hair, on “Apollo” statues, 335;
  • short, on athletes, after Persian Wars, 51, 335;
  • on children, at Sparta, 51;
  • on early vases, 52;
  • on monuments, 52;
  • not characteristic of athletes, 50, 51;
  • as sign of mourning, at Athens, 51;
  • of slaves, 51;
  • sketchy treatment, on Hermes of Praxiteles, 303;
  • snail-volute style of, 53.
  • See Krobylos.
• Halikarnassos, funeral games at, 11;
  • chariot-group from Mausoleion at, 244.
• Halimous, grave-relief from Attic deme of, 249.
• Halteres; see Jumping-weights. Hamilton, Gavin, 76.
• Harmodios, statue of, 148, 173f.
  • See also Aristogeiton and Tyrannicides.
• Hartwig. P., on bronze statuette from Capua, 207.
• Hauser, F., on Autun statuette of pancratiast, 249–251;
  • on armor worn in hoplite-race, 203;
  • on bronze athlete statue from Ephesos, 138;
  • on bronze wrestlers from Herculaneum, 231;
  • on Delian Diadoumenos, 92;
  • on Tux bronze, 207.
• Head-dress, artificial, on charioteers, 275, 276.
• “Healer,” epithet of the Delian Apollo, 304.
• Heave, in wrestling, 229;
  • bronze wrestler-group in Paris, showing, 232;
  • on metope of Theseion, 232;
  • on r.-f. kylix, 230.
• Hegestratos, statue at Athens, 27.
• Hegias, sculptor, 110, 126, 175, 279;
  • compared with Kallon, 122;
  • criticism of, by Lucian, 60.
• Hekatompedon, the, on Akropolis, 128.
• Hektor, 7.
• Helbig, W., on Barracco athlete statue, 157, 159;
  • on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo, 90;
  • on Doryphoros of Polykleitos, 226;
  • on funerary relief, from Dipylon, 156;
  • on Greek knights, 282;
  • on head of Standing Diskobolos, 77, 78;
  • on Spinario, 201;
  • on Vatican statuette, 212.
• Helikon, Mount, statues of poets and musicians on, 284;
  • tripod on, dedicated by Hesiod, 21, 22.
• Heliodoros, description of wrestling-match by, 252.
• Hellanikos, statue at Olympia, 240, 342, 343.
• Hellanodikai, the, at Olympia, 27 and n. 20, 29, 45, 227, 259.
• Hellenistic Prince, statue of a, 73;
  • assimilated to type of Alexander, 73.
• Helmets, on Boxer Vase from Crete, 7;
  • as early attributes of hoplite runners, 161;
  • of hoplite runners, 48.
• Hemerodromoi, institution of, 190.
• Hephaistion, funeral games in honor of, 11.
• Hera, temple of Lakinian, near Kroton, 363;
  • worship of, at Olympia, earlier than that of Zeus, 16.
  • See Heraion.
• Heraia, the, games at Argos, 20;
  • games at Olympia, 49;
  • girls at, divided into three classes, 189;
  • reliefs vowed by girl runners at, 29;
  • running race for girls at, 191.
• Heraion, the, at Olympia, 16, 259, 299, 341, 342, 343, 349, 352, 353, 358;
  • monuments inside of, 325.
• Herakleia, the, at Marathon, 18, 20;
  • at Thebes and elsewhere, 19, 27.
• Herakleides Ponticus, on the krobylos hair-fashion, 52.
• Herakleion, the, at Sparta, 319.
• Herakles, as boxer, 169, 235;
  • of Crete, 10;
  • destroys statue of self at Elis, 178;
  • as father of athlete Theagenes, 35;
  • first to win pankration and wrestling on same day, 252;
  • as founder of Olympic games, 10, 93;
  • Herakles and Hermes, as protectors of contests, 75;
  • as inventor of pankration, 247;
  • at Marathon, 18;
  • in Odyssey, 8;
  • plants olive at Olympia, 20;
  • son of Zeus and Alkmena, 10;
  • in Sophokles’ Trachiniae, 318;
  • tripods in honor of, 19, 22;
  • as wrestler, 13, 93, 228.
• Herakles, heads of: beardless, in British Museum, 96;
  • of boy athlete from Sparta so interpreted, 305;
  • boyish, in British Museum, 319;
  • bust from Genzano, 95;
  • bust from Herculaneum, 170;
  • colossal filleted, in Vatican, 95;
  • from Tegea pediment, 306–311;
  • marble, in Munich, 170;
  • Philandridas head so interpreted, 297;
  • showing swollen ears, 169;
  • with rolled fillets, 96.
  • Statues of: Alexikakos, by Hagelaïdas, 110;
    • colossal, by Lysippos, 253;
    • colossal, by Onatas, 122;
    • in group with Telephos, in Vatican, 70, 95;
    • in gymnasia and palæstræ, 94, 297;
    • kneeling, from East gable from Aegina, 195;
    • as knee-runner, bronze in Metropolitan Museum, 195;
    • Kyniskos, converted into type of, 74;
    • in Lakonia, 319;
    • in Palazzo Altemps, Rome, 243;
    • by Skopas, 306;
    • victor statues assimilated to, 354f.
• Heralds, contests of, when introduced at Olympia, 283;
  • statues of, at Olympia, 283.
• Herculaneum, bronze head from, in Naples, 63, 140.
• Hercules, guild of athletes of, in Rome, 371.
• Hermaia, the, games at Pheneus, 76.
• Hermann, G., on Perinthos head, 180.
• Hermas, base of statue of, at Olympia, 359.
• Hermes, altar of, ἐναγώνιος, at Olympia, 76;
  • beaten by Apollo in running at Olympia, 285;
  • founder of wrestling, 76;
  • god of youth and sports, 75;
  • gymnasion of, at Athens, 76;
  • one of athletic gods, 75;
  • “presider over contests,” 36;
  • head, in Boston, 85;
  • bearded herma, by Alkamenes, 77;
  • bearded type, 335;
  • compared with Philandridas head, 293, 294;
  • hair-treatment of, 303;
  • on relief fragment from Athens, 270.
  • Statues: from Andros, 71f.;
    • in gymnasia and palæstræ, 94;
    • in Lansdowne House, 88, 241;
    • Logios or Agoraios, 80, 82, 84, 131;
    • Ludovisi, 84;
    • by Onatas, at Olympia, 122;
    • by Praxiteles, at Olympia, 72, 144;
    • victor statues assimilated to type of, 181, 354;
    • statuette of, in Boston, 108;
    • bronze, in British Museum, 88.
• Hermes-Diskobolos, statue by Naukydes, 78.
• Hermes Kriophoros, festival at Tanagra, 57.
• Hermesianax, statue at Olympia, 30.
• Hermione, stadion at, 96.
• Hermitage, copy of head of boy athlete in, 157.
• Hermogenes, victor at Olympia, 354.
• Hermokrates, statue at Athens, 27.
• Hermolykos, statue on Akropolis, 27, 372, 373.
• Herodoros, trumpeter at Olympia, 283.
• Herodotos, historian, on Hermolykos, pancratiast, 373;
  • style of, imitated by Pausanias, 61.
• Herodotos, of Klazomenai, statue at Olympia, 30.
• Herodotos, of Thebes, as his own charioteer, 266, 267.
• Heroes, nine Greek, on curved base at Olympia, 122.
• Heroizing, custom of, in sculpture, 71.
• Herophilos, physician at Alexandria, 290.
• Hertz, Miss, copy of head of Nike by Paionios in collection of, Rome, 304.
• Hesiod, wins tripod at Chalkis, 19;
  • dedicates tripod to muses on Helikon, 21, 22;
  • victor statue of, on Helikon, 284.
• Hetoimokles, statue at Sparta, 106, 333, 337, 362.
• Hiero, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 122, 257, 264, 267, 278, 279;
  • Pythian victory of, 278;
  • tyrant of Syracuse, 362.
• Hierothesion, the, at Messene, 19.
• Hill, G. F., on Apoxyomenos and Lysippos, 288, 289.
• Hipparchos, tyrant of Athens, 173.
• Hippodameia, 14, 259.
• Hippodrome races, at Olympia, non-athletic, 257;
  • programme of, 259f.;
  • horses and colts distinguished in, 259.
  • See Chariot-race and Horse-race.
• Hippodromes, common in Greece, 257f.;
  • at Constantinople, 253;
  • at Olympia, 258.
• Hippokleides, 5.
• Hippos, statue at Olympia, 120.
• Hipposthenes, victor, temple dedicated to, at Sparta, 362.
• Hirschfeld, G., on locations of victor statues in Altis, 340;
  • on omission of Olympiad 211 from Elean register, 369.
• Hirt, A., on Pliny’s “iconic” (iconicus = εἰκονικός) statues, 54;
  • on Tux bronze, 207.
• Historia Naturalis, of Pliny, 60, 321, and passim. Hitzig-Bluemner, on exclusive use of bronze in Olympic victor statues, 321;
  • on statue of Milo, at Olympia, 107.
• Holleaux, M., on “Apollo” torso from Mount Ptoion, 119, 120.
• Home-coming of Olympic victors, 34, 35.
• Homer, athletics in, 7f.;
  • does not mention Olympia, 16;
  • κελετίζειν in, 3, 261;
  • makes men and gods shriek, 57;
  • on painful character of boxing, 234;
  • warrior in, 8.
• Homolle, Th., on appellation “Apollo,” 336;
  • on artistic influences in the Agias, 291, 301;
  • assigns the Agias to Lysippos, 292, 311;
  • on expression of face of the Agias, 317;
  • on group of Daochos at Delphi, 286;
  • on resemblance between Philandridas head and that of the Agias, 294;
  • on small heads outside school of Lysippos, 294;
  • on differentiating statues of Herakles and victors, 94;
  • on swollen ears of athlete statues, 168.
• Honor statues, at Olympia, 41, 42, 339f. Honors, extraordinary, paid to victors, 32f., 71.
• Hoplite-race (ὁπλίτης), 190f.;
  • belongs to mixed athletics, 203;
  • called ἀσπίς, 190, 204;
  • date of introduction at Olympia, 191;
  • as diaulos at Olympia and Athens, 203;
  • finish of, on a r.-f. kylix, 204;
  • in full armor at the Eleutheria, at Platæa, 203;
  • last in gymnic contests at Olympia and elsewhere, 203;
  • most complete representation of, on a r.-f. kylix in Berlin, 204;
  • preparations for, on a r.-f. kylix by Euphronios, 204;
  • racers in, turning central post, on r.-f. kylix in Berlin, 204;
  • round shields and Attic helmets used in, 204;
  • semi-comic character of, on vases, 205;
  • start of, on a r.-f. kylix in Berlin, 204;
  • weapons used in, 203.
• Hoplitodromoi, attributes of, 161 f.;
  • so-called dying hoplite runner on grave-relief from Athens, 149, 209;
  • statues of, in motion, 203f.;
  • two heads from statues of, 46, 162f., 324;
  • paintings of, by Parrhasios, 206;
  • Tux bronze of, 206f.
• Horarios, inscribed votive relief of, 75.
• Horfuabra, statue from Dahshur, Egypt, 330.
• Horse, crowned by Nike, on votive relief from Athens, 269;
  • imported into Crete from Libya, 1;
  • models of miniature horses at Olympia, 23.
• Horse-race (ἵππος κέλης): common in Greece, 257f.;
  • horses and colts distinguished in, 259;
  • length of course at Olympia, 261;
  • monuments, illustrating, 280f.;
  • sport of the rich, 257;
  • when introduced at Olympia, 260;
  • race known as the apobates, at Olympia, 282f.
• Horse-racers: bronze statuette of, from Dodona, 281;
  • bronze statuette of, in Loeb collection, 282;
  • bronze statuette of, from Volubilis, Morocco, 281;
  • dedications of, at Olympia, 23, 278f.;
  • on funerary relief, from Sicily, 281;
  • on galloping horse, on terra-cotta relief from Thera, 281;
  • mounted, on Athens relief, 281;
  • nude, on vases, 281;
  • small figures of, from Olympia, 24;
  • statue of, in Florence, 281;
  • two fragments of statues of, from Akropolis, 281;
  • victorious racer leading-horse, on Athenian relief, 281.
• Human sacrifice, as origin of funerary games, 14.
• Hunter, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
• Hyblæans, the Zeus of the, at Olympia, 344.
• Hydriæ, from Caere (Cerveteri), 52;
  • bronze, as prize at the Panathenaia, 20.
• Hylas, identified with statue of youth from Subiaco, 196.
• Hyperboreans, home of wild olive among, 20.
• Hysmon, statue at Olympia, 120, 164.
• Iapygians, King of the, 125.
• Iconic and aniconic statues, 54f. Ida, Mount, grotto of Zeus in, 235.
• Idealism, in Greek art, 56, 71;
  • idealism and realism, 57.
• Identification of athlete statues in Roman copies, 44.
• Idolino, the, statue in Florence, 131, 139, 141f.;
  • as highest ideal of boyish beauty, 141;
  • interpretation of, 142f.
• Ikkos, slain by Kleomedes, 35;
  • as teacher of gymnastics, 59.
• Ildefonso group, in Madrid, 158.
• Iliad, games of Patroklos in, 9.
• Ilissos, river in Attica, 20;
  • relief from, 312.
• Impressionism, in hair technique, by Greek artists, 53;
  • by Lysippos, 69.
• Ince Blundell head of athlete, 167, note 4, 168, 180, 181.
• Indians, the, of North America, funeral games among, 12.
• Information, sources of, in reconstruction of Olympic victor statues, 43.
• Inscriptions, earliest, using pankration for dates, 191;
  • on pillars, in honor of victors, 34;
  • on victor statue bases at Olympia, 43.
• Iolaos, hurls stone diskos, 218.
• Ionia, passes Egyptian influence to Greek sculptors, 332;
  • school of sculpture from, 114;
  • women of, witness games, 49.
• Ionians, short hair with, 52.
• Ionism, in Greek art, 115f., 126, 129, 175;
  • reaction against, 116, 126.
• Iphitos, restores Olympic games, 15.
• Ismenian Apollo, the, statue in Thebes, 304.
• Ismenion, the, at Thebes, tripods in, 19.
• Isokrates, statue on Akropolis, 24, 27, 281, 373.
• Isthmian festival, athletes divided into three classes according to age at, 189;
  • beast contests at, 25;
  • excavations on site of, 25;
  • famed in Roman days, 25;
  • funerary origin of, 9;
  • history and administration of, 17;
  • inferior to Olympia, 25;
  • later in honor of a god, 9;
  • in honor of Melikertes, 10;
  • most frequented, 25;
  • statue of victor at, in Athens, 27;
  • statues of victors at, on Isthmus, 26.
• Italian Archæological Mission, 3.
• Italy, funeral games, in ancient, 11.
• Jahn, O., on symmetry, 66;
  • on the Wounded Amazon of Capitoline, 157.
• Jason, statue so-called, of Louvre, 86.
• Javelin (ἀκόντιον), 164, 165;
  • as athletic attribute, 108, 164;
  • Greek names for, 223;
  • size of, 223;
  • on vase-paintings, 164, 223.
• Javelin-throwers (ἀκοντισταί), 222f.;
  • two bronze statuettes of, 227, 228;
  • on Spartan relief, 223.
• Javelin-throwing, 222f.;
  • athletic type of, 223;
  • for distance, 223;
  • from horseback, on vase-paintings, 223;
  • at games of Patroklos, 222;
  • origin of, mythical, 222;
  • positions in, 223f.;
  • positions, given by E. N. Gardiner, 223;
  • practical, in war and the chase, 223;
  • in sculpture, 224;
  • two types of, 222, 223.
• Jockey, nude, on vase-paintings, 280;
  • in short-sleeved chiton, on b.-f. Panathenaic vase, 280.
• Jones, H. Stuart, on Pliny’s Perseus et pristae of Myron, 188.
• Joubin, A., on Delphi Charioteer, 278;
  • on Olympia gable sculptures, 114.
• Juba II, King of Numidia, 166.
• Juethner, J., on Greek origin of javelin-throwing, 222;
  • on shapes of jumping-weights, 214f.;
  • on Standing Diskobolos, 220;
  • on statue of boxer from Sorrento, 243.
• Jumping, 214f.;
  • adapted to painter and not to sculptor, 217;
  • ancient records in, 216;
  • modern records in, with and without weights, 216;
  • modern record in, front spring-board, 216;
  • most difficult feature of pentathlon, 216;
  • most representative feature of pentathlon, 214;
  • in Odyssey, 9, 214;
  • as part of pentathlon, 214;
  • popularity of, 216;
  • spring-board not used in Greece in, 216;
  • various moments in, depicted on vases, 216, 217;
  • with weights, 216, 217.
• Jumping-weights (ἁλτῆρες), 214f.;
  • as attribute of pentathletes, 164;
  • on bronze statue in Berlin, 164;
  • dedications of, 22;
  • forms of, 214f.;
  • club-like form, 215;
  • semispherical, 215;
  • forms of, divided by Philostratos, 215;
  • shown on vases, 215;
  • on mosaic in Lateran, 215;
  • not in Homer, 214;
  • on r.-f. kylix in Munich, 164;
  • on relief from Sparta, 164;
  • on Roman copies of Greek athlete statues, 215;
  • on statue of Hysmon, at Olympia, 164;
  • on statues in Dresden and Florence, 215;
  • stone, from Corinth and Olympia, 215;
  • on tree-trunk beside statue, 164;
  • use of, according to Aristotle and Philostratos, 216;
  • use of, in medical gymnastics, 21;
  • use of, according to vase-paintings, 216.
• Justin, on chariot-groups at Delphi, 26.
• Ka-aper, wood statue of, in Cairo, 330;
  • statue of “wife” of, so-called, in Cairo, 330.
• Kabbadias, P., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81.
• Kabeirion, statuette from, 28.
• Kalamis, sculptor, 36, 324;
  • Kalamis and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 89;
  • characterized, 90, 279;
  • chariot-groups by, 23;
  • criticism of, by Cicero, 60;
  • horse-groups by, 24, 279;
  • horses by, characterized by Pliny, 62;
  • jockeys on horseback by, 23;
  • Kalamis and nude charioteer from Esquiline, 276;
  • Kalamis and Onatas, 219, 264, 267, 268;
  • Kalamis and Praxiteles, 268;
  • as predecessor of Pheidias, 279;
  • statues at Olympia by, set up by the Akragantines, 130;
  • Kalamis as unrivalled sculptor of horses, 279.
• Kalkmann, A., on Herakles Alexikakos of Hagelaïdas, 110;
  • on kneeling figures from West gable of temple on Aegina, 195;
  • on proportions of face in Greek sculpture, 67.
• Kallias, statue at Athens, 27, 182, 183, 365;
  • statue at Olympia, 45, 129, 251, 352, 365.
• Kallikles, sculptor, 365.
• Kallikrates, dates of victories of, at Olympia, 301;
  • statue at Olympia, 121, 298.
• Kallimachos, on statues of Euthymos being struck by lightning, 364.
• Kallippos, bribes opponents and is fined, 34.
• Kallistratos, characterizes Skopas, 309.
• Kalliteles, statue at Olympia, 265, 347.
• Kallon, sculptor, 122, 125.
• Kallon, victor, statue at Olympia, 121.
• Kalydonian boar hunt, represented in Tegea pediment group, 307.
• Kanachos, the Elder, sculptor, 24, 118, 120, 279, 324, 336;
  • celetizontes pueri, by, 120;
  • compared with Kallon, 122;
  • criticism of, by Cicero, 60.
• Kanachos, the Younger, sculptor, 120.
• Kantharos, sculptor, 122.
• Kaphisias, sculptor, 368, 375.
• Kapros, boxing-match with Kleitomachos, 247;
  • bronze foot from statue of, 255, 346;
  • first to win pankration and wrestling at Olympia on same day, 252;
  • Kapros and bronze boxer head from Olympia, 254;
  • two statues at Olympia, 29, 342, 354.
• Karrhotos, charioteer, 267.
• Kasia Mnasithea, statue base at Olympia, 360.
• Kassel, statue of Apollo in, 360;
  • statue of boxer in, 46, 155;
  • head of Diadoumenos of Polykleitos in, 153, 154.
• Kastor, victor in foot-race at Olympia, 96;
  • as horse-racer, 96;
  • hurls stone diskos, 218.
• Kebriones, 5.
• Kekulé, on the Idolino, 141, 142;
  • on Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
  • on the Spinario, 201;
  • on the Standing Diskobolos, 76.
• Kephisodotos, sculptor, 252.
• Kerameikos, Athens, 11.
• Keramopoullos, A. D., on the Delphi Charioteer, 278.
• Kerykeion, symbol of Hermes, 71, 72, 78, 82, 88, etc. Kettle, prize at early games, 20.
• Kicking, allowed in pankration, 246, 247.
• Kietz, on the Standing Diskobolos, 78.
• Kimon, son of Miltiades, 18.
• Kimon, son of Stesagoras, bronze mares of, at Athens, 27, 363.
• Kirchhoff, A., on statue of Hermolykos on Akropolis, 373.
• Kirghiz, the, of India, funeral games among, 12.
• Kittos, boxing and wrestling scenes on Panathenaic amphora of, 248.
• Kitylos and Dermys, grave-figures of, from Tanagra, 335.
• Kladeos, the, river at Olympia, 299, 342, 357, 358.
• Klazomenai, paintings from, 52;
  • reliefs from, 264, 268.
• Klein, W., on the Boston Charioteer (?), 275;
  • on the Idolino, 141;
  • on the Jason of Louvre, 86;
  • on the Oil-pourer of Munich, 134.
• Kleito; see Polykleitos. Kleitomachos, statue at Olympia, 353;
  • identified wrongly with the Seated Boxer of Museo delle Terme, Rome, 253;
  • story of, from Polybios, 147, 247.
• Kleitor, son of Azan, 9.
• Kleitor, relief from, 132.
• Kleobis (?), statue of, from Delphi, 105.
• Kleoitas, sculptor, 27.
• Kleomedes, heroized at death, 35.
• Kleomenes, sculptor, 85.
• Kleon, sculptor, 69, 120, 121, 164;
  • leg position of statues by, 159.
• Kleonai, 17.
• Kleosthenes, King of Pisa, 15.
• Kleosthenes, of Epidamnos, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 23, 266, 344, 345.
• Knee-runners, on bronze tripod reliefs, 194;
  • on small bronze relief in Metropolitan Museum, 194;
  • on marble relief of dying hoplite runner, 194;
  • on small bronzes, 195;
  • on vases, 194;
  • statue of kneeling youth from Subiaco, 195.
• Knights, Helbig on Greek, 282;
  • Homeric method of, fighting from chariot, 272, 282;
  • on Parthenon frieze, 281.
• Knossos, bull-grappling at, 1, 2;
  • ivory statuettes from, 3;
  • paved inclosure at, 3;
  • reliefs from, 3, 4;
  • seal from, showing huge horse, 1;
  • theatral area at, 3;
  • toreadors on wall-paintings from, 1, 3.
• Koblanos, sculptor, 242.
• Kodias (Κῳδίας), jumping-weight of, 40.
• Koehler, U., on the Apoxyomenos of Vatican, 290.
• Koerte, on name “Apollo” for early statues, 335.
• Korai, statues of, on Akropolis, 53, 115.
• Koroibos, victor in first recorded Olympiad, 15, 191.
• Kostobokoi, barbarian invaders of Greece, 370, 371.
• Kouroniotis, K., letter of, quoted 327.
• Kranaos, or Granianos, statue near Sikyon, 370.
• Krates, victor as herald at Olympia, 283.
• Kratinos, statue at Olympia, 122;
  • set up by trainer of, 31.
• Kratisthenes, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 179, 268.
• Kresilas, sculptor, 36, 93;
  • the Alkibiades of Vatican ascribed to, by Furtwaengler, 199;
  • Doryphoros by, 145;
  • portrait of Perikles by, 56;
  • statue of the Wounded Amazon by, 157.
• Kresilæan athlete head, five copies of, 144, 145.
• Kreugas, crowned after death, 247;
  • killed in boxing match, 236, 247;
  • statue at Argos, 236, 237.
• Krison, statue ascribed to, by Furtwaengler, 200.
• Kritios, sculptor, 115, 126, 173, 174;
  • criticism of, by Lucian, 60;
  • Kritios and Tux bronze 207.
• Kritodamos, statue at Olympia, 120, 344, 352.
• Krobylos, old Attic hair-fashion, 51, 52, 89, 128, 135, 270.
• Krokon, dedicates small bronze horse at Olympia, 23, 279.
• Kronos, altar of, at Olympia, 16;
  • wrestling match of, with Zeus, 14.
• Krotonians, famed as pentathletes, 60.
• Ktesibios, philosopher, on ball-playing, 84.
• Kylon, conspiracy of, in Athens, 362;
  • statue on Akropolis, 106, 333, 337, 362.
• Kylon, of Elis, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
• Kyniska, bronze horses of, at Olympia, 265, 267;
  • chariot-group of, at Olympia, 23, 131, 267, 299, 342, 367;
  • first woman to enter and win chariot-race at Olympia, 267, 367;
  • shrine in honor of, at Sparta, 367.
• Kyniskos, statue at Olympia, 74, 117, 239;
  • copies of (?), 156f., 159;
  • foot position on base of statue of, 239;
  • date of victory, 160.
• Kynosarges, Attic amphora from Gymnasion of, 13.
• Kypselos, chest of, at Olympia, 12, 13.
• Kypselos, King of Arkadia, 57.
• Kyrene, the Dionysia at, 50;
  • head from, 89;
  • personified as charioteer in Delphi group, 277, 278;
  • statue found in baths of, 141.
• Kyrnos, battle of, 373.
• Ladas, of Sparta, fleetness of, 364;
  • grave of, 365;
  • stadion in honor of, 365;
  • statue in Argos, 364;
  • statue of, by Myron, 196f., 364;
  • compared with that of girl runner of Vatican, 197;
  • epigrams on statue of, 196, 197;
  • pose of, 197;
  • story of death of, 196.
• Lakonia, statues of Herakles in, 319.
• Laloux and Monceaux, on Philandridas head, 294.
• Lamia, date of battle of, 301;
  • relief from, 132.
• Lampos, chariot-group at Olympia, 268.
• Lancellotti (or Massimi) Diskobolos, 184 and note 2. Lange, F. A., on Egyptian influence on early Greek culture, 332.
• Lange, J., on law of “frontality,” 175, 328;
  • on Olympia gable sculptures, 114.
• Lansdowne Herakles, statue, 81, 82;
  • ascribed to Myron, 181;
  • head of, compared with that of Philandridas, 298;
  • regarded as Lysippan, 298, 311;
  • regarded as Skopaic, 313.
• Laokoön, the, group, Pliny’s praise of, 61;
  • as realistic work, 289;
  • of Lessing, 54, 187.
• Las, statue of Herakles near, 319.
• Lasso, boy throwing, wrongly identified with statue of kneeling youth from Subiaco, 196.
• Lateran, athlete mosaic in, 215;
  • boxers on relief in, 238.
• Laurel, as prize at Delphi, 20, 21.
• Laurentum, now Castel Porziano, 184.
• Leaf, W., on chariot-race in the Iliad, 8.
• Leaping-weights; see Jumping-weights. Lechat, on bronze statue found in sea off Antikythera, 84;
  • on evolution of Greek sculpture, 329;
  • on the housing of stone statues, 325.
• Leg, right lower, fragment of victor statue, 322;
  • leg holds in pankration, 247;
  • “free” and “rest” legs, as motives in sculpture, 109, 226.
• Lekythion, athletic attribute, 84.
• Lekythos, 137, 138.
• Lemnian Athena, the, statue in Dresden, 53.
• Lemniskos, 155, 156.
• Leon, statue of, 366.
• Leonidaion, the, (Suedwestbau), at Olympia, 339, 340, 346, 347, 348, 350, 353, 355, 356.
• Leonidas, at Thermopylæ, 51;
  • funeral games in honor of, 11.
• Leonidas, of Naxos, statue at Olympia, 346, 347.
• Leontiskos, painter, 29.
• Leontiskos, of Sicily, statue at Olympia, 62, 179, 183, 249.
• Lessing, characterization of Diadoumenos and Doryphoros by, 152;
  • on most fruitful moment to be chosen by artist, 178.
  • See Laokoön.
• Libation-pourer, statue of, 143, 144.
• Libation-pouring, 138f. Libya, figure in Delphi group, 277;
  • oracle of, 31.
• Lichas, statue at Olympia, 31, 342;
  • scourged by umpires, 33, 149.
• Life, athlete, happy, 36.
• Lifelike statues, 59.
• Life-size statues at Olympia, 46.
• Ligourió, bronze statuette from, 105, 111, 114.
• Limping Man, the, statue at Syracuse, 182.
• Lindos, temple of Athena at, 345.
• Loeb collection, Munich, bronze group of wrestlers in, 232, 233;
  • bronze statuette in, 136;
  • bronze statuette of boy-rider in, 282;
  • three bronze tripods in, 194, 264.
• Loeschke, G. L., on appellation “Apollo” for early statues, 335;
  • on statue of Kylon on Akropolis, 362 and note 7.
• Loewy, E., on Delian Diadoumenos, 92;
  • on group of Kyniska, at Olympia, 267;
  • on style of statue of Pythokles, at Olympia, 213.
• Loin-cloth, of athletes, 47;
  • absence of, on Cretan frescoes, 47;
  • worn by Asiatics, 48;
  • in Homer, 47;
  • on early vases, 47, 48;
  • dropped first by Orsippos of Megara, 47;
  • Plato on, 48;
  • used by boxers and wrestlers, 48.
• Lokroi, Ozolian, colonization of the, 201.
• Lokros, ancestor of the Ozolian Lokroi, 201.
• Longpérier, H. A., on bronze statuette in Paris, 142.
• Long race (δόλιχος), at Olympia, 190;
  • boys admitted to, at Delphi, 190;
  • men admitted to, at Olympia, 190.
• Lucian, on apples as prizes at Delphi, 21, 107;
  • on art criticism, 60;
  • criticism of Hegias, Kritios, and Nesiotes, by, 175;
  • description of Diskobolos by, 186, 187;
  • ideal statue of, 60;
  • on life-size victor statues, 45, 227;
  • on prohibition against biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
  • on statue of Pelichos, 56;
  • on statue of Theagenes on Thasos, 364.
• Lucius Verus, coins of, 21.
• Luctator anhelans, painting of, by Naukeros, 233.
• Lykaia, the, statues at the games of, 26.
• Lykaios, Mount, in Arkadia, hippodrome on, 258.
• Lykidas, of Sparta, enters colts as full-grown horses at Olympia, 259.
• Lykinos, of Elis, statue at Olympia, 343.
• Lykinos, of Heraia, statue at Olympia, 121.
• Lykinos, of Sparta, two statues at Olympia, 24, 29, 265, 266.
• Lykios, sculptor, 134, 243.
• Lykomedes, bases of two statues at Olympia, 358.
• Lykourgos, of Sparta, 15, 51.
• Lykourgos, rhetorician, 27.
• Lyre-playing, at Delphi, 25.
• Lyres, in Parthenon, 23.
• Lysandros, statue at Olympia, 343.
• Lysippos, of Elis, victor statue of, by Andreas, 118, 354.
• Lysippos, sculptor, 36, 375;
  • as art reformer, 301;
  • borrows from other sculptors, 291;
  • canon of, 68, 69, 136, 288;
  • characteristics of, 311;
  • chariot-groups by, 23;
  • circle of, 131, 255;
  • as court sculptor of Alexander, 296, 318;
  • criticism of, by Pliny, 61;
  • date of, 300f.;
  • dates of Lysippos, Skopas, and Praxiteles, 301;
  • divergent style of, 253;
  • follows Doryphoros and nature, 301;
  • improvements in hair technique by, 53, 296;
  • influence of, on realism, 56;
  • influenced by Skopas, 291, 301;
  • inscription on base of statue in Pharsalos by, 287;
  • Lansdowne Herakles ascribed to, 313;
  • Lysippos and Skopas compared, 311f.;
  • Lysippos and type of weary Herakles, 253;
  • makes 1500 statues, 302;
  • Philandridas head at Olympia, by, 298;
  • portraiture after time of, 54;
  • poses of statues of, 44;
  • regarded exclusively as bronze founder, 302;
  • statue of Agias by, 286, 366;
  • statues of destringentes se, by, 136;
  • statues of, at Olympia, 121, 266;
  • surpasses earlier artists in symmetry, 66;
  • as worker in marble, 302f.
• Lysistratos, sculptor, first to make plaster moulds from face, 56, 255, 304. Macedon, coins of, showing racing chariots, 262;
  • kings of, 73;
  • princes of, as horse-racers, 357.
• Mach, E. von, against oriental influence on Greek sculpture, 329;
  • on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 84;
  • on the Charioteer (?) in Boston, 275, 276;
  • on original of Farnese Herakles, 253.
• Madrid, copy of Diadoumenos in, 153;
  • Ildefonso group in, 153.
• Mæcenas, and victor privileges in Rome, 33.
• Magna Græcia, cities of, honor victors, 35;
  • fond of hippodrome contests, 258.
• Magnesia ad Sipylum, victor statue base from, 370.
• Mahler, A., on copies of Doryphoros, 224;
  • on identifying statue of Ladas, 197;
  • on the Idolino, 141;
  • on resemblance between head of the Agias and Philandridas, 294.
• Maiden, figure of, in chariot-groups, 268.
• Maltho, gymnasium in Elis, 370.
• Manetho, Egyptian dynasties of, 330.
• Mantua, statue of Apollo in, 111.
• Marathon, battle of, 18, 209;
  • Herakleia, the, at, 18.
• Marble, less expensive than bronze, 28;
  • some victor statues made of, at Olympia, 324.
• Markianopolis, coin of, 87.
• Markios, Gnaios, base of statue at Olympia, 359.
• Marsyas, the, statue by Myron, 134, 183, 184.
• Masks, dedication of, 22.
• Massimi Diskobolos; see Lancellotti Diskobolos. Materials of Olympic victor statues, 321f. Matz and von Duhn, on so-called Diomedes, in Palazzo Valentini, Rome, 207.
• Mau, A., on the Praying Boy of Berlin, 132.
• Mausoleion, Halikarnassos, chariot frieze from, 271, 289;
  • chariot-group from, 264;
  • small chariot frieze from, 274, 275.
• Mausolos, games in honor of, 11.
• Maviglia, Ada, on Diadoumenos of Delos, 93;
  • rejects the Apoxyomenos and the Agias as evidence of style of Lysippos, 290.
• Mayer, M., on athlete (?) statue from Olympieion, 143;
  • on Myron’s pristae, 188.
• Medes, the, 11.
• Mediterranean culture, 1;
  • gymnastic exercises in, 6;
  • origin of Greek athletics in, 7.
• Megakles, victor at Olympia, 363.
• Megara, colossal torso of “Apollo” from, 336.
• Megara Hyblaia, Sicily, necropolis in, 337;
  • statue of Zeus of, at Olympia, 344.
• Meleager, head of, on Praxitelian trunk in Medici Gardens, Rome, 313;
  • statue of, in Fogg Museum, Boston, 314;
  • statue of, in Vatican, 312;
  • statue of Kyniskos converted into, 74.
• Melikertes, 10.
• Melite, deme of, 110.
• Melos, “Apollo” from, 100, 101, 103, 104.
• Memorials, miscellaneous, of victors, 40, 41.
• Memphis, motion statuettes from, 177;
  • art of, 330.
• Mende, offering of people of, at Olympia, 164, 341.
• Mendel, M., excavations of, at Tegea, 306;
  • on head of Herakles, from Tegea, 306, 307.
• Menedemos, bases of two statues at Olympia, 358.
• Menelaos, sculptor, 113.
• Mengs, Raphael, painter, cast from collection of, showing swollen ears, 169;
  • on proportions, 68.
• Messana, coins of, showing mule-car, 263.
• Messene, coins of, 111;
  • hierothesion at, 19.
• Messenians, of Naupaktos, 110.
• Metageitnion, month of, 18.
• Metellus Macedonicus, base of statue at Olympia, 348.
• Metrobios, T. Phlabios (Flavius), base of statue at Iasos, 369.
• Metrodoros, Aurelios, base of statue at Kyzikos, 371.
• Michaelis, A., on apobates chariot-race on Parthenon frieze, 272;
  • on base of statue of Epicharinos, on Akropolis, 372;
  • on use of ἐν δεξιᾷ and ἐν ἀριστερᾷ by Pausanias, 349;
  • on Lansdowne Herakles, 298, 313;
  • on Petworth ephebe statue, 133;
  • on the Standing Diskobolos, 76;
  • Michaelis, A., and Conze, A., on “Apollo” type as victor statues, 335.
• Middle Kingdom, Egypt, dates of, 330 and note 6;
  • sculptures of, 330.
• Mikon, of Athens, sculptor, 61, 62, 129.
• Mikon, of Syracuse, sculptor, 375.
• Mikythos, or Smikythos, group dedicated at Olympia by, 215, 351.
• Milchhoefer, A., on painting by Eupompos, 160.
• Miletos, coins of, 74, 118, 119, 336.
• Military runner (δρομοκῆρυξ), 209.
• Milo, statue at Olympia, 31, 106f., 130, 165, 337.
• Miltiades, games in honor of, on Thracian Chersonesos, 11.
• Miltiades, son of Kypselos, votive offering at Olympia, 264, 265.
• Minoans, the, of Crete, 1;
  • influenced by Orient, 1;
  • love of sports among, 6.
  • See Crete.
• Mnaseas, statue at Olympia, 161, 179, 181.
• Mnesiboulos, statue in Elateia, 204, 371.
• Monceaux; see Laloux and Monceaux. Mopsos, boxing match with Admetos, 285.
• Mosaic, athlete, in Lateran, Rome, 215.
• Mosso, A., on Boxer Vase, 6;
  • on origin of Greek boxing-glove, 235;
  • on Vapheio cups, 4.
• Motion statues, antiquity of, in Greece, 176f.;
  • in Assyro-Babylonian art, 177;
  • in Cretan art, 177;
  • in Egyptian art, 176, 177;
  • in Greece, not developed out of “Apollo” statue type, 177;
  • on early vases, 177;
  • victor statues in, 173f.;
  • victor statues in various contests, 188f.
• Motives, general, of statues in motion, 188f.;
  • at rest, 130f.
• Mounot, Étienne, sculptor, 185.
• Mueller, K. O., on common features of victor statues, 44.
• Mule-car, on Rhegian and Messanian coins, 263.
• Mule-race (ἀπήνη); see Chariot-race with mules. Munich King, statue so-called, 226.
• Muscles, in Cretan art, 3, 4.
• Muses, group of, by Hagelaïdas, Arostokles and Kanachos, 118.
• Musical contests, dedications for, at Olympia and elsewhere, 283f.;
  • at Delphi, 25;
  • honor dedications for, at Olympia, 285;
  • monuments for, victor or votive in character, 284;
  • at Olympia, non-athletic, 283, 285, represented on imitation Panathenaic vases, 284;
  • on reliefs, 284;
  • victors in, at Delphi, 284;
  • victor statues for musicians, on Helikon, 284.
• Mussius, L., gravestone of, 72.
• Mycenæ, 1, 7;
  • lack of athletic scenes at, 8;
  • no Egyptian influence on art of, 332.
• Mykale, battle of, 373.
• Myrina, terra-cotta statuettes from, 135.
• Myron, sculptor, 183f., 324, 353, 375;
  • αὐτάρκεια of, 183;
  • criticism of, by Cicero, 60;
  • by Pliny, 180, 184;
  • dated by Pliny, 61;
  • love of movement of, 183;
  • Myron and Hermes Ludovisi, 85;
  • Myron and Pythagoras, difficulty of separating works of, 181, 245;
  • Myron and Standing Diskobolos, 76;
  • Olympic victor statues by, 129, 187f., 245, 333;
  • poses of victor statues by, 44;
  • pupil of Hagelaïdas, 110;
  • as realist, 188;
  • statue of Ladas by, 196f.;
  • surpasses Polykleitos in rhythm and symmetry, 66;
  • versatility of, 188;
  • victor statues at Delphi by, 26, 188.
• Myron, tyrant of Sikyon, dedicates bronze chapel at Olympia, 41.
• Mytilene, statue from, 92.
• Narkissos, 158.
• Narykidas, base of statue at Olympia, 342.
• Natalis, L. Minikios (Minicius), equestrian monument at Olympia, 37.
• Natural History, of Pliny; see Historia Naturalis. Naturalism, in Greek Art, 44.
• Naukratis, Egypt, 105, 329, 334.
• Naukydes, sculptor, 76, 117, 120;
  • leg position of statues by, 159;
  • Naukydes and Standing Diskobolos, 76f.;
  • Naukydes and canon of Polykleitos, 69;
  • statue of Cheimon by, characterized by Pausanias, 62.
• Naupaktos, 110.
• Nausikaa, 83.
• Naxos, “Apollo” from, 328, 334;
  • bronze statuette from, 74, 119;
  • statue of Nikandre from, 177.
• Nelson, Philip, head in collection of, 157.
• Nemea, athletes at, divided into three classes, by ages, 189;
  • athletic contests at, 25;
  • athletic interest of, secondary to that of Olympia, 25;
  • boy contests at, 25;
  • festival at, 1;
  • founded by Adrastos, 17;
  • held every two years, 17;
  • in honor of Opheltes or Archermoros, 10;
  • later in honor of a god, 9;
  • origin of, 9;
  • records of victors at, 21;
  • relief from, 132;
  • retired valley of, 25;
  • revived by Hadrian, 17;
  • statues of victors at, 26;
  • statues of victors at, in Athens, 27;
  • summarily treated by Pausanias, 24;
  • transferred to Argos, 17;
  • under Argive influence, 17;
  • the Nemea of Thebes, 27.
• Nemead, first dated, 17.
• Nemesis, statue by Agorakritos at Rhamnous, 182.
• Neolaïdas, statue at Olympia, 120.
• Nepos, on first date of representing athlete statues in motion, 173.
• Nero, coins of, 21;
  • uses force to win at the Isthmia, 34;
  • villa of, at Subiaco, 195;
  • wins chariot-races at Olympia, 257, 262, 369.
• Nesiotes, sculptor, criticism of, by Lucian, 60.
• Nestor, 8;
  • contests at Bouprasion, 9;
  • statue at Olympia, by Onatas, 122.
• Net, on Vapheio cup, 5.
• New Empire, Egypt, dates of, 331 and note 2;
  • sculptures of, 331.
• Nida-Haddernheim, terra-cotta statuette from, 202.
• Nikandre, statue of, 177.
• Nikandros, statue at Olympia, 121.
• Nikanor, fragment of base of statue at Olympia, 359.
• Nikarchos, base of statue at Olympia, 356.
• Nike, the, of Archermos, 177;
  • bronze figurine from Akropolis, 177;
  • as charioteer, 268;
  • on Ficoroni cista, 269;
  • on hand of statue of Olympian Zeus, at Olympia, 149;
  • on Nike balustrade from Akropolis, 86;
  • on relief in Madrid, 269;
  • on relief from Phaleron, 269;
  • on sarcophagus from Klazomenai, 268.
  • See also Paionios, the Nike of.
• Nikeratos, date of archonship of, 194.
• Nikeus, casts stone diskos, 218.
• Nikodamos, sculptor, 244.
• Nikokles, victor monument at Akriai, 372.
• Nikomachos, painter, 268;
  • Victoria quadrigam in sublime rapiens by, 268.
• Nineveh, reliefs from, 330.
• Niobid, identified with statue of youth from Subiaco, 195.
• Nordostgraben, the, at Olympia, 358.
• Nordwestgraben, the, at Olympia, 356.
• North Greek-Thracian school of sculpture, 114.
• Noses, bloody, on vase-paintings, 167.
• Novus Annus (?), nude statue found in Rhine identified as, 276.
• Nudity, characteristic of archaic statues, 335;
  • as essential difference between Greek and foreigner, 48;
  • not observed by charioteers, 48;
  • of victor statues, 47f.
• Nudus talo incessens, statue by Polykleitos, 158, 249, 250;
  • statuette from Autun showing the Polykleitan motive, 249, 250.
• Numismatic commentary on Pausanias, 306.
• Ny-Carlsberg Museum, Copenhagen, archaic head of youth in, 128;
  • two heads in, 180, 181; etc.
• Nymphs, altar at Olympia, 351.
• Odysseus, 8.
• Oibotas, statue at Olympia, 30, 32, 333, 343, 351.
• Oil, used in wrestling, 165.
• Oil-flask, on r.-f. kylix in Munich, 164.
• Oil-pourer, bronze statuette of, from South Italy, 135;
  • statue so-called, in Munich, 99, 133f., 137;
  • as Attic work, 137;
  • head in Boston, copy of original of, 134;
  • pose of, 158;
  • torso in Dresden as variant of, 134, 135.
• Oil-pouring, on gems, reliefs and terra-cotta statuettes, 135.
• Oil-scraping, as athletic motive, 135f. Oinoanda, base of victor statue from, 371.
• Oinomaos, chariot-race with Pelops, 14, 259;
  • column at Olympia, 323, 350, 351.
• Olaidas, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
• Old Kingdom, Egypt, dates of, 330 and note 3;
  • sculptures of, 330.
• Olive, crown of, as prize at Olympia, 155f.;
  • of “Fair Crown,” at Olympia, 20, 351;
  • wild, 20.
• Olympia, account of monuments at, by Pausanias, 24;
  • age of boy victors at, 189;
  • antiquity of, from excavations and religious history, 16;
  • athletes at, divided into two classes, by ages, 189;
  • boxer head from, 62;
  • celebrated every four years, 15;
  • controlled by Eleans alone after Persian wars, 15;
  • early controlled by Pisa, 15;
  • early overshadowed by Delphi and Delos, 14, 15;
  • founded before Dorian invasion, 14;
  • funeral origin of, 9;
  • German excavations at, 43;
  • history of, 14;
  • held in honor of a god, 9;
  • held in honor of Pelops, 10;
  • importance of, from seventh century B. C., 15;
  • later controlled by Pisa and Elis, 15;
  • prehistoric buildings at, 16, 349;
  • sacrifices at, to Pelops and Zeus, 11;
  • as sanctuary prior to advent of Achæans, 14;
  • style of head of athlete (Philandridas) from, 293f.;
  • style of gable statues from, 113, 114;
  • traditional history of, by Pausanias and Strabo, 15;
  • two figures from West gable of temple of Zeus from, 195;
  • victor statues in Altis at, 26; etc.
• Olympia register, 15.
• Olympiad, first dated, 15;
  • traditional first, 8;
  • the 8th, 34th, 104th, 211th, omitted from Elean register, 369.
• Olympieion, statue from ruins of, 143.
• Olympos, sculptor, 120.
• Omphalos, from Athens, 89.
• Onatas, sculptor, 122;
  • group of Opis at Delphi by, 125;
  • inscribed base from Akropolis, 24, 281;
  • Onatas and East gable statues from temple on Aegina, 125;
  • Onatas and Kalamis, 129, 264;
  • works of, at Olympia, 122, 267.
• Onomastos, games of, at Cumae, 20.
• Onomastos, of Smyrna, institutes boxing rules at Olympia, 235.
• Opheltes, 10.
• Opis, group of, at Delphi, by Onatas, 125.
• Opportunity (Καιρός), altar at Olympia, 76;
  • statue by Lysippos, 250.
• Orchomenos, “Apollo” from, 100, 101, 103, 328, 334;
  • ceiling of treasury of, 329.
• Orestes, as his own charioteer, 267.
• Oriental influence on early Greek art, 328f. Originals of victor statues at Olympia, 62f., 322.
• Orpheus and Telete, victor group on Helikon, 284.
• Orsippos, first athlete to drop the loin-cloth, 47.
• Osthalle, the, at Olympia, 358.
• Overbeck, J., on Farnese Herakles, 253;
  • on head of hoplitodromos from Olympia, 163;
  • on heads of Apollo, 275;
  • on Lysippos as exclusively a bronze founder, 302;
  • on Olympia sculptures, 114;
  • on Piombino statuette, 119;
  • Schriftquellen of, 61;
  • on Standing Diskobolos, 76.
• Oxylos, King of Dorian Eleans, 15.
• Oxyrhynchus Papyri, the, 31;
  • order of contestants at Olympia in, 189.
• Paianios, statue at Olympia, 234.
• Paidotribes, or trainer of athletes, 229, 236, 248.
• Paint, used on sculptures, 326.
• Painting, competition in, at Delphi, 25.
• Paintings, as victor monuments, 28.
• Paionios, sculptor, 113;
  • the Nike of, at Olympia, 326, 343, 344, 352, 360;
  • replica of, at Delphi, 304;
  • replica of head of, in Rome, 304.
• Palæstra, absent in Homer, 7;
  • palæstra gymnast, statuette of, 108;
  • origin of name, 228;
  • statues of athletes in, 297;
  • statues of athletic gods in, 75, 94.
• Palaistra, the, at Olympia, 347, 355, 356, 359, 360, etc.;
  • at Pompeii, 224.
• Palatine, the, at Rome, 50;
  • fragment of leg of statue from, 89.
• Palladion, carried off by Diomedes, 169.
• Palm, the, as common measure in proportions, 68.
• Palm-branch, on so-called Apollo-on-the-Omphalos and Apollo Choiseul-Gouffier, 161;
  • in hand of victorious jockey on coin of Philip II, 280;
  • on statue from Formiae, 161;
  • on statue of girl runner in Vatican, 161;
  • on stele from Dipylon, 161;
  • on unfinished statue of athlete in Athens, 160;
  • on vases, 161;
  • as victor attribute, 50, 160f.
• Palm-wreath, common to many games, 21, 160.
• Pammachos, statue at Thebes, 368.
• Pamphilos, grave-relief of, in Vienna, 97.
• Pan, Doryphoros converted into, 74.
• Panathenaia, the; see Panathenaic games. Panathenaic amphoræ, runners on, 106, 194;
  • four-horse chariot on, from Sparta, 263;
  • Dyneiketos, victor, on, 280; etc.
• Panathenaic games, Great, Athens, acrobatic feats at, 20;
  • contest of beauty at, 57;
  • dedication of victor in chariot-race at, 129;
  • held every fourth year, 18;
  • hydria as prize at, 20;
  • jars of oil as prizes at, 20;
  • money as prizes at, 33;
  • origin of, 17;
  • paintings dedicated by victors at, 29;
  • remodeled by Solon, 17;
  • statue of boy victor at, in Athens, 27.[s/b ;]
  • Little, annual Athenian festival, 18.
• Pancratiasts, 246f.;
  • bronze statuette of, from Autun, 249;
  • cap of, 165f.;
  • ear of, as no criterion of athlete statues, 95;
  • group of, in Florence, 99, 233, 251f.;
  • head of, from Olympia, 254, 255;
  • in sculpture, 170, 248.
• Pan-hellenic fame of victors at four national games, 33.
• Panionia, the, festival at Mykale, 19. Pankration(παγκράτιον), Artemidoros on, 247;
  • biting and gouging allowed at Sparta in, 246;
  • boys’ contest introduced at Olympia, 247;
  • boys’ contests outside Olympia, 247;
  • as combination of boxing and wrestling, 246;
  • contrasted with wrestling, 246;
  • as dangerous sport, 246;
  • eight Pindaric odes in honor of, 246;
  • etymology of word, 246;
  • “fairest” of contests, 246;
  • fight on ground, 248;
  • grips and throws shown on vases, 247;
  • introduced at Olympia, 247;
  • invented by Theseus or Herakles, 247;
  • not in Homer, 247;
  • not so brutal as popularly believed, 246;
  • often ended with preliminary sparring, 249;
  • often resulted in death, 247;
  • pankration and wrestling on same day, 93, 94;
  • popularity of, at Olympia, 247;
  • rules of, 246.
• Panodoros, 371.
• Pantares, statue at Olympia, 354.
• Pantarkes, favorite of Pheidias, 150.
• Pantarkes, victor statue at Olympia, 150, 151.
• Pantheion, the, at Olympia, 21.
• Pantias, sculptor, 268, 279.
• Papyrus, containing wrestling instructions, 229.
• Paris, statue by Euphranor, 83.
• Parnon, Mount, statue of Herakles on, 319.
• Paros, torso of ephebe from Akropolis, work of sculptor from, 127.
• Parrhasios, painter, 29, 67, 206.
• Parsley, not used as prize wreath at Nemea, 21.
• Parthenon, frieze of the, 18, 53, 86, 151;
  • Athenian knights on, 281;
  • chariot scenes on, 271;
  • representing apobates race, 272;
  • youth crowning self on, 158;
  • metopes of, 149.
• Pasiteles, sculptor, 60, 112;
  • Pasiteles and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89;
  • Pasiteles and Spinario, 201, 202.
• Patrokles, sculptor, 117, 120, 131, 138, 141.
• Patroklos, contests at funeral games of, 8;
  • funeral games of, in Iliad, 7f., 11, 51;
  • tripods in honor of, 19.
• Pausanias, King of Sparta, flees from ephors, 367;
  • funeral games in honor of, at Sparta, 11.
• Pausanias, the Periegete, on art, 61;
  • description of Greece by, 43;
  • description of victor statues in Altis by, 339;
  • on girl runners at the Heraia at Olympia, 49, 50;
  • on honor and victor statues, 39;
  • mentions only part of victor statues in Altis, 324;
  • on origin of Olympic games, 15;
  • periegesis of Altis by, 190;
  • on reason for Pythian air being played at pankration, 284, 285;
  • routes (ἔφοδοι) of, in Altis, 339, 341f., 348f.;
  • on similarity between Greek and Egyptian sculptures, 330;
  • on statue of Euthymos, at Olympia, 183;
  • use of words ἐν ἀριστερᾷ and ἐν δεξιᾷ by, 299;
  • on victor statues of poets and musicians on Helikon, 284;
  • on votive character of victor statues at Athens and Olympia, 38; etc.
• Payne Knight bronze statuette, so-called, in British Museum, 108, 119.
• Peace, temple of, in Rome, 366.
• Pearl-string hair technique, 53.
• Peisanos, M. Antonios Kallippos, statue at Olympia, 359.
• Peisirhodos, victor at Olympia, 47, 49.
• Peisistratidai, 128.
• Peisistratos, tyrant, 363;
  • head of, so-called, 181.
• Peisthetairos, in Aves of Aristophanes, 206.
• Pelias, funeral games of, 11;
  • on chest of Kypselos, 12;
  • tripods in honor of, 19.
• Pelichos, statue of, 56.
• Pelopion, the, at Olympia, 348, 349, 350, 357.
• Peloponnesian sculptors, 109f., 114.
• Pelops, chariot-race with Oinomaos, 14, 259;
  • contestants at Olympia sacrifice to, 11;
  • Olympian games in honor of, 10;
  • Peloponnesian boys lashed at altar of, 11;
  • statue of, in East gable, temple of Zeus at Olympia, 176;
  • worship of, at Olympia, preceded that of Zeus, 16.
• Pensive expression, in portraits of Alexander, 296.
• Pentaëteris, or four-year festival, 17.
• Pentathletes, attributes of, 164, 165;
  • statues in motion, 210f.;
  • statues at rest, 164;
  • on vases, 164.
• Pentathlon, the, accompanied by flute, 284;
  • all-round development from, 59, 211;
  • boys’, introduced at Olympia, 210;
  • events in, on r.-f. vases, 210;
  • five events of, 9, 210;
  • diskos throwing, 218f.;
  • javelin throwing, 222f.;
  • jumping, 214f.;
  • jumping most difficult part of, 216;
  • jumping-weights used in, 214;
  • men’s introduced at Olympia, 210;
  • not in Homer, 9, 210;
  • Pythian air played at, 285.
• Pergamon, dying Gaul statues from, 255;
  • frieze of Great Altar at, 252;
  • small frieze from, 253.
• Periandros, tyrant, gold statue vowed by, 266;
  • refounds Isthmian games, 17.
• Periboëtos, statue of satyr known as the, 144.
• Perikles, 52, 362;
  • portrait of, by Kresilas, 56, 199;
  • statue of slave of, 143.
• Perinthos, head from, 179, 180, 181;
  • prototype of Riccardi and Ince Blundell heads, 181.
• Peripatetics, criticism of Greek sculpture by the, 58.
• Perixyomenoi, statues of, 136.
• Perrot and Chipiez, on so-called dying hoplite relief, 209.
• Perseus and head of Medusa, on engraved gem, 83;
  • Perseus and Danaë, in a chest, 188.
• Persian Wars, 51;
  • sack of Akropolis during, 126.
• Perugia, statuette of diver (?) from, 217.
• Pesaro, the Idolino found at, 141.
• Petasos, as attribute of Hermes, 108, 207, note 1, etc. Peter cista, the, in Vatican, 243.
• Petersen E., on Kyniskos’ statue, 159;
  • on Pythokles’ statue base, 212.
• Petrograd, head of athlete in, 180; etc. Petworth House, Sussex, Kresilæan head of athlete in, 145;
  • statue of ephebe in, 133.
• Phaistos, theatral area at, 3.
• Phanas, head ascribed to, 163;
  • statue at Olympia, 106, 355.
• Pharsalos, home of Daochos, 286;
  • statue base of the Agias at, 303.
• Phaÿllos, record diskos-throw of, 216;
  • record jump of, 216;
  • statue at Delphi, 26.
• Pheidias, 36, 110;
  • goddess types of, 53;
  • ideal tendency of, 152;
  • relation of, to Diadoumenos Farnese, 151;
  • relation of, to Hermes Ludovisi, 85;
  • statue of boy crowning himself at Olympia by, 150f.
• Pheidippides, runner, 209.
• Pheidolas, sons of, monument at Olympia, 23, 279.
• Pheidon, king of Argos, 15.
• Pheneus, games at, 76.
• Pherenike, mother of Peisirhodos, 47, 49.
• Phigalia, victor statue of Arrhachion in market-place of, 326.
• Philandridas, date of victory of, 300;
  • head from statue of, at Olympia, by Lysippos, identified, 293f.;
  • head called youthful Herakles by some, 297;
  • compared with head of boy athlete from Sparta, 316f.;
  • crushed ear of, 168;
  • location of, in Altis, 300;
  • under life-size, 46.
• Philesian Apollo, of elder Kanachos, 74, 107, 108, 118–120, 336 and note 1;
  • “double” of, in Thebes, 304.
• Philinos, statue at Olympia, 30, 55.
• Philios, D., on dying hoplite relief, so-called, 209.
• Philip II, king of Macedon, coin of, showing victorious jockey with palm-branch, 280;
  • coins of, showing Athenian type of chariot, 263;
  • equestrian victor at Olympia, 257, 263.
• Philippeion, the, at Olympia, 353, 355, 356, 357, 358.
• Philippopolis, coin of, 78.
• Philippos, of Kroton, Olympic victor, heroön of, at Egesta, 35, 57, 363.
• Philippos, of Pellene, inscribed bronze plate from victor statue base at Olympia, 244f. Philistos, monument base at Olympia, 357.
• Phillen, or Philys, statue at Olympia, 344.
• Philon, statue at Olympia, 122.
• Philonides, courier of Alexander, honor statue at Olympia, 42, 346, 356, 359.
• Philonides, sculptor, 109, 266.
• Philonikos, base of statue at Olympia, 358.
• Philokrates, base of statue at Olympia, 368.
• Philoktetes, in Sophokles’ drama, the Philoctetes, 59.
• Philostratos, of Rhodes, adversary of Straton at Olympia, 34.
• Philostratos, on athletes wearing coarse mantle, 47;
  • on Eleans allowing strangling in pankration, 246;
  • on jumping-weights, 215, 216;
  • on method of putting on boxing thongs, 236;
  • on omitted 211th Olympiad, 369;
  • on pankration as “fairest of contests,” 246;
  • on prohibition against biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
  • on reason for nudity of Olympic athletes, 47;
  • on Spartans allowing biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
  • on statue of Milo, 106, 337;
  • on style of long race, 194;
  • on reason for Pythian air being played at pentathlon, 285.
• Philotimos, sculptor, 123, 264, 268, 279.
• Philoumenos, inscription from base of statue of, 371.
• Philys; see Phillen.
• Phlegon, on olive crown, 20.
• Phœnicians, the, transmit Assyrian and Egyptian designs to Greece, 330.
• Phokis, confederacy of, sets up statue at Olympia, 30.
• Phormis, offering at Olympia, 28, 62, 163, 264.
• Phorystas, base of statue from Tanagra, 368.
• Phradmon, sculptor, 117.
• Phrikias, head ascribed to, 162, 163, 353;
  • statue at Olympia, 106.
• Phrixos, on shield relief, 162.
• Physical differences, in athletes, 59.
• Piankhi, King of Aethiopia and invader of Egypt, 331.
• Pictorial hair technique, 53.
• Pinakotheke, the, at Athens, 29.
• Pinax, of victresses at the Heraia, at Olympia, 49;
  • votive on Attic vase, 29;
  • πινάκιον, iconic, 182.
• Pindar, on boxing and wrestling, 8;
  • on connection of Pelops with Olympia, 10;
  • on early value of bronze, 19;
  • on non-existence of the pentathlon in heroic days, 210;
  • ode on flutist Sakadas, 284;
  • scholia on, 26, 130, 190;
  • seventh Olympic ode of, 343;
  • sings praises of victors, 36;
  • sixth Pythian ode of, 267;
  • writes eight odes in praise of pankration, 246.
• Pine, the, at the Isthmus, 21;
  • wreath of, at the Isthmus, 20;
  • at Nemea, 21.
• Piombino, bronze statuette from, 118.
• Pison, sculptor, 278.
• Plane-tree Grove, Sparta, 319, 367.
• Plastic hair technique, 53.
• Platæa, the Eleutheria at, 11.
• Platæan Zeus, the, statue at Olympia, 344.
• Plato, on boys’ stade-race, 191;
  • divides athletes into three classes, 189;
  • on Egyptian art, 60;
  • on happy life of victors, 36;
  • on length of stade-race for boys, 191;
  • on length of stade-race for ephebes, 191;
  • on loin-cloth, 48;
  • mentions σφαῖραι, 237;
  • on mythical origin of wrestling, 228;
  • omits pankration in his ideal state, 246;
  • protests against competition in athletics, 36;
  • on swollen ear of athletes, 167.
• Plectra, in Parthenon, 23.
• Pliny, on Alkamenes’ Enkrinomenos, 77;
  • on the Apoxyomenos of Lysippos, 289;
  • on art, 60, 61;
  • on custom of setting up statues of victors at Olympia, 27, 324, 354;
  • on Euphranor’s canon, 69;
  • on Eutychides, sculptor, 121;
  • on Greek origin of equestrian monuments, 24;
  • Historia Naturalis of, 43, 321;
  • on iconic statues, 54, 55;
  • on Kanachos’ statue of the Philesian Apollo, 118;
  • on Kanachos’ celetizontes pueri, 120;
  • on Kresilas’ portrait of Perikles, 56;
  • on Lysippos’ proportions, 46;
  • on Lysistratos making portraits from plaster moulds, 56;
  • on monotony in the art of Polykleitos, 152, 226;
  • on Myron, 184;
  • on nudity of athletes, 47;
  • on the nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 249, 250;
  • on representing victors by paintings, 29;
  • on the sculptor Apellas, 267;
  • on the Splanchnoptes of Styphax, 143;
  • on statue of pancratiast at Delphi by Pythagoras, 26;
  • on statue represented in prayer, 130;
  • on statue of victors by Myron at Delphi, 26;
  • on symmetry, 66; etc.
• Plutarch, on Apollo as boxer, 88;
  • on art, 61;
  • on portraits of Alexander by Lysippos, 290, 328.
• Plutus, the, of Aristophanes, quoted, 36.
• Poetic competitions at Delphi, 25.
• Poets, statues on Helikon, 284;
  • statues at Olympia, 285.
• Polemon, on statue of Leon, 366;
  • on statue of Epicharinos, 372.
• Polites, victor at Olympia, 354.
• Pollux, describes game of σκαπέρδη, 236.
• Pollux; see Polydeukes. Pollux, the statue in Louvre, so-called, 180, 181, 188, 245.
• Polybios, on Kleitomachos, boxer of Thebes, 147.
• Polychalchos, surname of Spartan victor Polykles, 266.
• Polydamas, relief from base of statue of, 303;
  • statue of, at Olympia, by Lysippos, 32, 45, 121, 298, 299;
  • statue of, cures fevers, 364.
• Polydeukes, boxing-match with Amykos on Ficoroni cista, 269;
  • as famed boxer, 235;
  • wins boxing match at Olympia, 96, 235.
• Polykleitos, the Elder, sculptor, 117, 118;
  • Apoxyomenos of, 136;
  • called Kleito by Sokrates, in Xenophon’s Memorabilia, 59;
  • canon of, 68, 111, 136, 148, 288;
  • characteristics of, 152;
  • date of, by Pliny, 61;
  • destringentesse of, 136, 288;
  • Diadoumenos of, 152, 154;
  • Doryphoros of, 211, 224f.;
  • as idealist, 188;
  • influence of, on Lysippos, 291;
  • influenced by Attic art, 152;
  • innovation of, in statue poses, 226;
  • monotony of, 152, 226;
  • poses of victor statues of, 44;
  • pupil of Hagelaïdas, 110;
  • pupils of, 139;
  • victor statues of, 36.
• Polykleitos, the Younger, sculptor, statues of victors at Olympia by, 30, 117, 118.
• Polykles, the Elder, sculptor, 129, 324.
• Polykles, victor group at Olympia, 150, 266.
• Polymedes, sculptor, 105.
• Polypeithes, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 265, 347.
• Polyxenos, statue at Olympia, 359.
• Polyzalos, brother of Gelo, 278.
• Pomegranate, attribute of victor statues, 107, 165.
• Pompeii, Doryphoros of Polykleitos found at, 70;
  • Palaistra at, 87.
• Poros sculptures, 53, 128.
• Porto d’Anzio, statue from, 135, 144.
• Portraiture, Greek, 54, 55f.;
  • privilege of erecting portrait statues at Olympia, 57, 354;
  • privilege rarely given, 57;
  • realistic, 56, 57.
• Poseidon, altar at Isthmus, 259;
  • god of contests, 75;
  • pine sacred to, 21;
  • sanctuary at Isthmus, 21;
  • statue from Melos, 73, 74;
  • surnamed ἵππιος, at Sparta, 362.
• Poses, of victor statues, found on various sculptured and painted works, 44;
  • general, of victor statues at rest, 130f.;
  • general, of victor statues in motion, 188f.
• Poulsen, F., on the Agias, 291, note 2.
• Prado, copy of Diadoumenos of Polykleitos in the, Madrid, 153.
• Praisos, seal from, 3.
• Praxidamas, wood statue at Olympia, 106, 322, 326, 333, 337, 351.
• Praxiteles, sculptor, 36, 80;
  • the Agias of Lysippos influenced by, 291;
  • art of, rooted in fifth century B. C., 134;
  • as bronze worker, 303;
  • delicate male types of, 297;
  • hair technique of, 53;
  • head-type of, 77, 309;
  • Praxiteles and boy athlete head from Sparta, 305, 311;
  • Praxiteles and Kalamis, chariot-group by, 268;
  • Praxiteles and Philandridas head from Olympia, 293;
  • Praxiteles and Skopas differentiated, 311;
  • statue of a ψελιουμένη by, 131.
• Prayer, as motive in votive monuments, 130;
  • position of hands in Greek, 132;
  • statue of youth represented in, from Carinthia, 131;
  • statue of youth represented in, Berlin, 131;
  • statuette of youth represented in, Metropolitan Museum, 132, 133.
• Praying Boy, the, statue so-called, in Berlin, 131, 132.
• Preuner, E., on inscription from statue base in Pharsalos, 286, 317, 318, 363.
• Pristae, by Myron, 188.
• Prizes, on chest of Kypselos, 13;
  • at contests of beauty, 57;
  • early athlete, 18f.;
  • at games of Azan, 9;
  • at games of Patroklos, 19.
• Processional entrance, the, of the Altis, 347.
• Processional way, the, of the Altis, 348, 349, 350.
• Professionalism in athletics, at Olympia, 361;
  • protests against, 36, 37.
• Profile, first example of Greek, 116.
• Prokles, statue at Olympia, 345, 346.
• Promachos, statues at Olympia and Pellene, 31, 304, 323, 325, 326, 367.
• Proportio, in Greek art, 66.
• Proportions, canons of, 65f.;
  • in Egyptian art, 67;
  • Fritsch on, of body, 67;
  • Kalkmann on, of face, 67.
• Prose writers, statues at Olympia, 285.
• Protogenes, athlete painted by, 29.
• Protolaos, statue at Olympia, 179, 352.
• Prytaneion, the, in Athens, victors eat at public expense at, 32;
  • the, in Olympia, 299, 342, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360.
• Psammetichos, tyrant of Corinth, 17.
• Pseudo-Andokides, 363.
• Pseudo-Plutarch, on statue of Isokrates at Athens, 24 and note 11, 27 and note 4, 281, 373.
• Ptoion, Mount, statues of “Apollo” from, 100, 101, 102, 103, 334;
  • tripods in temple of Apollo on, 19.
• Ptolemy, Gymnasion at Athens, 166.
• Ptolichos, sculptor, 61, 122.
• Puchstein, O., on location of Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia, 349. Pummeling, allowed in pankration, 246.
• Pyanepsion, month of, 18.
• Pyrilampes, statue at Olympia, 343, 346, 353.
• Pythagoras, sculptor, 138, 178f., 364, 375;
  • dated by Pliny, 61;
  • first to aim at rhythm and symmetry, 67, 179;
  • first to express sinews and veins, 138;
  • Pythagoras and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89;
  • Pythagoras and Delphi Charioteer, 278;
  • Pythagoras and Myron, 181, 245;
  • Pythagoras and Tux bronze, 207;
  • statue of Delphic pancratiast by, 26, 178, 182;
  • statue of mala ferens nudus by, 107;
  • style of, 179;
  • victor statues at Olympia, by, 36, 62, 161, 178f., 268.
• Pytheos, see Pythis. Pythes, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
• Pythia, the, festival at Delphi, 16, 17;
  • as athletic meet, inferior to Nemea and Isthmia, 24, 25;
  • as festival, second to Olympia, 24;
  • in honor of the Python, 10;
  • statue of victor at, in Athens, 27.
  • See Delphi.
• Pythian air, played at pentathlon, 88, 285.
• Pythian Apollo, the, statue of, 330, 334.
• Pythis, or Pytheos, architect, 264.
• Python, the, at Delphi, 10, 25.
• Pythokles, replicas of statues of, 212f.;
  • statue of, at Olympia, 93, 117, 159 and note 3, 211, 212, 343.
• Pythokritos, flutist, honor statue at Olympia, 42, 285, 352.
• Pythokritos, sculptor, 244.
• Pyxis, from Knossos, 7.
• Quadrigae, mentioned by Pliny, 264.
  • See Chariot-race.
• Quatremère de Quincy, on Borghese Warrior, 208.
• “Quiet grandeur” (stille Grosse) of Greek Art, 57.
• Quintilian, on art, 61;
  • on the Doryphoros of Polykleitos, 70, 226;
  • on the Diskobolos of Myron, 187.
• Quintus Smyrnæus, on jumping among the Trojans, 214.
• Quiver, on Torlonia copy of the Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89.
• Quoit; see Diskos. Ram-offerer, statue by Naukydes, 78.
• Rampin head, of Louvre, 126, 128, 176;
  • hair technique of, 53.
• Ra-nefer, limestone statue in Cairo, 330.
• Rayet, on Borghese Warrior, 208.
• Rayet-Jacobsen head, so-called, in Copenhagen, 127, 128, 167, 337.
• Realism in Greek art, 56, 57, 146f.;
  • in Greek portraiture, 56, 57.
• Reconstruction of Olympic victor statues, 43f. Reinach, S., on bronze statue of youth from Antikythera, 83;
  • on stone statues being placed under cover, 325.
• Reinach, Th., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81.
• Reisch, E., on javelin-throwers in sculpture, 224;
  • on Pliny’s puer tenens tabellam and malaferens nudus, 181;
  • on statue of Euthymos at Olympia, 183;
  • on votive character of Olympic victor statues, 39.
• Reliefs, of akontistai, from Sparta, 223;
  • Amphiaraos, 273;
  • apobates chariot race, 272;
  • Apollo, Artemis, and Leto, in Louvre, 284;
  • Aristion, 124, 127;
  • Boreas, in Metropolitan Museum, 194;
  • boxers, in Lateran, 238;
  • boy crowning self, 155;
  • boxer, on bronze shield, from Mount Ida, Crete, 235;
  • cap, in Rome, 166;
  • charioteer, from Akropolis, 128;
  • charioteer mounting chariot, 269;
  • chariots, from Crete, 262;
  • Dermys and Kitylos, from Tanagra, 335;
  • Dioskouroi, set up by Aischylos, 96, 97;
  • Dioskouroi, in London, 97;
  • from Dipylon, 156;
  • diskobolos, from Dipylon, 127;
  • dying hoplite, from Athens, 194, 209;
  • four-horse chariot, 268, 269;
  • funerary, from Tanagra, 72;
  • funerary, from Athens, 66;
  • from Halimous, 249;
  • Hermes, fragment from Athens, 270;
  • hoplite runners, from Tarentum, 96;
  • horse crowned by Nike, from Athens, 269;
  • horseman, from Athens, 281;
  • horse-racer, from Sicily, 281;
  • horse-racer from Thera, 281;
  • horse-racer leading horse, from Athens, 281;
  • jumping-weights, from Sparta, 164;
  • from Klazomenai, 264, 268;
  • from Kleitor, 132;
  • from Knossos, 3, 4;
  • from Lamia, 132;
  • from Loeb collection, Munich, 194;
  • from Nemea, 132;
  • palæstra victor, from Delphi, 138;
  • in honor of Pamphilos and Alexandros, in Verona, 97;
  • showing poses of victor statues, 44;
  • as victor monuments, 28;
  • war-chariots, from Mycenæ, 262.
• Religion and Greek athletics, 14.
• Remnants of victor statues at Olympia, 43.
• Renaissance, the, 4;
  • bronze copies of Spinario from period of, 202.
• “Repose” of Greek art, 57.
• “Rest” leg, motive in sculpture, 109.
• Resting after contest, athletic motive, 144.
• Rewards, money, of victors at Athens, 32.
• Rhamnous, the Nemesis of Agorakritos at, 182.
• Rhegion, Anaxilas, tyrant of, 278;
  • coins of, showing mule-car, 263.
• Rhetoric, the, of Aristotle, 58;
  • inscribed base of Olympic victor mentioned in, 367.
• Rhexibios, wood statue at Olympia, 106, 332, 326, 337, 351;
  • wrongly called oldest at Olympia by Pausanias, 333.
• Rhodes, scene of fighting combatants, in art of, 178;
  • tripods in honor of Dionysos at, 19;
  • Zan at Olympia, set up by, 34.
• Rhoikos, bronze founder, date of, 321;
  • family of, 330.
  • See also Telekles and Theodoros.
• Rhouphos, Klaudios (Rufus, Claudius), statue in Rome, 371.
• Rhythm, definition of, 66;
  • in Greek Art, 66.
• Riccardi head, 169, 180, 181, 183.
• Richardson, R. B., on bronze head from Akropolis, 114;
  • on Farnese Herakles, 253, 254.
• Richter, G., on statuette of diskobolos in Metropolitan Museum, 220 and note 5. Ridder, A. de, on Tux bronze, 207;
  • on two statuettes of diskoboloi from Akropolis, 221, 222.
• Robert, C., on Diadoumenos of Pheidias, 150f.;
  • on date of victor Kyniskos, 160.
• Robinson, D. M., 267.
• Robinson, E., on Charioteer (?), in Boston, 275;
  • on head of Hermes, in Boston, 85; etc.
• Roehl, H., on inscription referred to statue of Milo, 38.
• Roman copies of victor statues, on, 44;
  • no copy proved to be of victor statue, 160;
  • on Roman patrons of art, 44.
• Ross, L., on inscribed base from statue of Epicharinos, 372.
• Rothschild, E. de, bronze copy of Spinario, in Paris collection of, 202.
• Rouse, W. D., on votive character of victor statues at Olympia, 39, 40.
• Routes, of Pausanias in the Altis; see Ephodoi. Runners, difference in style of various, shown by vase-paintings, 193, 194;
  • on Panathenaic amphoræ, 106, 194;
  • represented as running with bent knee, 194;
  • statues of boy, 200f.;
  • statues of, from Velletri, in Rome, 198, 199;
  • statues of, without special attributes, 170.
• Running race (δρόμος), various kinds of, 190f.;
  • in mythology, 190;
  • number of victors in, named by Pausanias, 193;
  • origin of, at Eleusis, 190;
  • part of all Greek games and exercises, 190.
  • See Double foot-race, Hoplite-race, Long race, Stade-race.
• Sabouroff collection, head from, 128.
• Sacred war, the, 17.
• Sakadas, flutist, statue of, 284.
• Salamis, Aeginetans at battle of, 125;
  • date of battle of, 125.
• Salis, A. von, on statue from Olympieion, 143.
• Salutation, attitude of, to a divinity, in statuette in Metropolitan Museum, 133.
• Sandal-binder, statue of, so-called, with copies, 86, 87, 202, 203.
• Sandal-binding, motive of, originates with Lysippos, 86.
• Sandals, worn by charioteers, 48.
• Santa Marinella, statue from, in Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Mass., 314.
• Sarapion, flees adversary and is fined, 34;
  • two statues in Elis, 370.
• Satrap Sarcophagus, so-called, in Constantinople, 276.
• Satyr, of Praxiteles, called Periboëtos, 144;
  • statue of, in Dresden, 144.
• Sawyers (?) (pristae), group by Myron, 188.
• Scarab, chalcedony, in British Museum, 138.
• Schaefer, A., on statue of Kylon on Akropolis, 362.
• Scherer, Chr., on exclusive use of bronze in Olympic victor statues, 321;
  • on “iconic” statues of Pliny, 54;
  • on Milo’s statue at Olympia, 107;
  • on positions of victor statues at Olympia, 340.
• Scheria, games on, 210.
• Schnaase, on Farnese Herakles, 253.
• Schober, A., on Perinthos and allied heads, 181.
• Schoell, R., on votive character of victor monuments, 39.
• Scholiasts, statements of, on victor statues at Olympia, 43.
• Schrader, H., on Attic relief from the Akropolis, 271.
• Schreiber, T., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90.
• Schwabe, L., on Tux bronze, 207.
• Sciarra bronze, statuette so-called, in Rome, 119.
• Scraper; see Strigil. Sculptors, of Olympic victor statues, 36;
  • statistics of, 375.
• Sculptura, definition of, from Pliny, 302.
• Sculpture, Greek, after Persian Wars, 278;
  • ancient criticism of, 58f.;
  • evolution of, on traditional lines, 67;
  • knowledge of, necessary in reconstructing Olympic victor statues, 44.
• Sea-monsters (?) (pristes), group by Myron, 188.
• Seasons, altar at Olympia, 351.
• Seated Boxer, statue of the, in Museo delle Terme, Rome, 145f., 168;
  • realism of, 57, 254.
• See-saw (?) (pristae?), group by Myron, 188.
• Seleados, base of statue at Olympia, 346.
• Seleukos I, date of founding Antioch by, 121.
• Selinos, coins of, showing celery wreath, 21;
  • temple E at, 114.
• Sellers, Eugénie; see Strong, Mrs. Eugénie. Selling out, examples at Olympia, 33.
• Seraglio, Old, manuscript from the, 258.
• Serambos, sculptor, 123.
• Shadow-fighting; see Sparring. Sheik-el-Beled, the; see Ka-aper, statue of. Shield, as attribute of hoplitodromoi, 161;
  • as prize at Argive Heraia, 21;
  • 25 bronze ones kept in temple of Zeus for Olympic hoplite runners, 22.
• Siamese, funeral games among, 12.
• Sicily, cities of, honor victors, 35;
  • coins of, showing racing chariots, 262, 263;
  • Greeks of, fond of hippodrome contests, 258;
  • princes of, as victors at Olympia, 357;
  • school of sculpture of, 114.
• Sidon, Alexander Sarcophagus from, in Constantinople, 275;
  • Satrap Sarcophagus from, in Constantinople, 276.
• Sikyon, athletic school of sculptors from, 58, 118f.
• Sikyonians, treasury of, at Olympia, 41, 265.
• Silanion, sculptor, 129.
• Silver bowl, as prize at games of Patroklos, 19;
  • silver cups, as prizes at Sikyonian Pythian games, 20.
• Simon, sculptor, 264, 268.
• Simonides, of Keos, 36, 47, 210.
• Singing, competition in, at Delphi, 25.
• Single-combat, between Ajax and Diomedes, in Iliad, 8.
• Six, J., on Borghese Warrior, 208;
  • on statue of Hermolykos on Akropolis, 373.
• Size of victor statues, 45f. Skenoma (Σκήνωμα), the, at Sparta, 367.
• Skopas, sculptor, 36;
  • characteristics of, 311;
  • head in style of, in Capitoline Museum, Rome, 169;
  • head-type of, 77;
  • influence on the Agias, 291;
  • intense expression of, 307;
  • Kallistratos on, 309;
  • knowledge of, recently augmented, 286;
  • as master of expression of passion, 309;
  • Philandridas head wrongly ascribed to, 293;
  • Skopas and boy athlete head from Sparta, 305;
  • Skopas and Lysippos compared, 311f., 315;
  • style of, from Tegea heads, 306.
• Skripou, convent of, 334.
• Skyllis, sculptor, 122, 334.
  • See also Dipoinos.
• Skyros, 18.
• Slings for diskoi, on r.-f. vase, 164.
• Smikythos; see Mikythos. Smile, in archaic sculpture, 100, 126.
• Smith, A. H., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89, 90;
  • on athlete statue from Palazzo Farnese, Rome, in British Museum, 293.
• Snail-volute, hair technique, 53.
• Snatcher, the, from East gable, temple of Aegina, 125.
• Sodamas, statue at Olympia, 354.
• Sogliano, A., on boxer statue from Sorrento, 243.
• Sokrates, philosopher, condemns “mimetic” arts, 58;
  • on physical development of runners and boxers, 59;
  • visit of, to sculptor Kleito, 59.
• Sokrates, victor; see Sosikrates. Solon, assigns money prizes to Olympic and Isthmian victors, 25, 32.
• Solos, throwing of, in Iliad, 8;
  • as type of diskos, 218.
• Somzée Collection, athlete from the, 176, 251.
• Songs, in honor of victors, 34.
• Sophios, statue at Olympia, 299, 342.
• Sophokles, Trachiniae of, 318.
• Sorrento, statue of boxer from, by Koblanos, 242.
• Sosikrates (or Sokrates), victor statue of, at Olympia, 200, 344.
• Sostratos, dates of Olympic victories of, 300;
  • inscribed base from statue, at Delphi, 249;
  • statue at Olympia, 55;
  • surnamed ἀκροχερσίτης, 248, 249.
• Sotades, Olympic victor, bribed and exiled, 33.
• Southeast Building, the, at Olympia, 344.
• Sparring, preliminary, called ἀκροχερισμός in boxing and pankration, 248 and note 4;
  • depicted on Ficoroni cista in Rome, 243;
  • depicted on Peter cista in Rome, 243;
  • as motive of boxer statues, 243;
  • as motive of statuette of boxer in Vatican, 243;
  • as motive of marble torso in Berlin, 243;
  • preliminary in pankration, 248;
  • called σκιαμαχεῖν (to shadow-fight), in boxing, 122, 243 and note 4.
• Sparta, Akropolis, of, 305;
  • Dionysia at, 50;
  • Δρόμος at, 309;
  • funeral games at, in honor of Leonidas and Pausanias, 11;
  • head of statue of boy from, 305f.;
  • Σκήνωμα at, 367.
• Spartans, allow biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
  • ball-playing among, 84;
  • as boxers, 167;
  • boxing of, in Plato, 167;
  • excluded from Olympia on certain Olympiads, 31;
  • girls contest with boys, 49;
  • physical exercise among, 1;
  • sacrifice to Apollo the Runner, 88;
  • youths dedicate offerings to Eros in contest of beauty, 57.
• Spear, casting of, at games of Patroklos, 8.
• Sphairians (σφαιρεῖς), title of Spartan youths, 84, 319.
• Spinario, the, statue in Rome, 201f.;
  • as example of asymmetry, 70;
  • imitations of original of, 202.
• Splanchnoptes, statue of, by Styphax, 143.
• Sponges, shown on r.-f. kylix, 164.
• Springboard, not used in Greek jumping, 216.
• Stackelberg, O. von, traveling journal of, 286, 366.
• Stade-race (δρόμος, στάδιον), 190f.;
  • first event at Olympia and at the Panathenaia, 191;
  • for boys, introduced at Olympia, 191;
  • the oldest (?) event at Olympia, 191;
  • victor in, eponymous at Olympia, 37;
  • wrongly regarded as chief event at Olympia, 191.
• Stadia, absent in Homer, 7.
• Stadion, the, at Olympia, 258, 359, 360.
• Staïs, V., on Hermes of Andros, 71;
  • on two statuettes of diskoboloi from Akropolis, 221, 222.
• Stamnos, r.-f., from Etruria, in Vienna, 132.
• Standard of physical development uniform in fifth century B. C., 147f. Standing Diskobolos, the statue in Vatican, 76f.;
  • pose of, 219, 220;
  • replica of, 77.
• Standing Hermes, the, statue in Vatican, 72.
• “Stand-motif,” Polykleitan, 82.
• “Starters of the race,” epithets of Kastor and Polydeukes at Sparta, 96.
• Stassoff, on supposed Oriental origin of javelin-throwing, 222.
• Statuettes, of ivory acrobats, from Knossos, 3;
  • akontistai, two bronze, 227, 228;
  • Apollo, from Naxos, in Berlin, 74, 119;
  • Apollo (Payne Knight), in British Museum, 108, 119;
  • Apollo, from Piombino, in Louvre, 118;
  • Apollo, from Palazzo Sciarra, Rome, 119;
  • apoxyomenos, in Loeb collection, Munich, 136;
  • athlete, archaic, from Delphi, 28;
  • athlete, from Ligourió, 105, 111, 114;
  • athlete, in Louvre, 213, 214;
  • boxer, from Akropolis, 28;
  • boxer, from Corfu, in British Museum, 96;
  • boxer, from Olympia, 28, 244;
  • boxer, in Vatican Museum, 243;
  • diadoumenos, terra cotta from Smyrna, in London, 154;
  • diadoumenos, from Akropolis, 155;
  • diskoboloi, 28, 218f.;
  • diskoboloi, two bronze, from Akropolis, 222;
  • diskoboloi, group in Loeb collection, Munich 232, 233;
  • diskobolos, in Berlin, 221;
  • diskobolos, in British Museum, 221;
  • diskobolos, from cover of lebes, in British Museum, 221;
  • diskobolos, from the Kabeirion, 28;
  • diskobolos, in Metropolitan Museum, 220, 221;
  • girl runner, from Dodona, 28;
  • girl extracting thorn, terra cotta from Nida-Haddernheim, 202;
  • Herakles or victor, in Berlin, 96;
  • Herakles, or victors, in British Museum, 96;
  • Hermes Diskobolos, from sea off Antikythera, 78, 79;
  • hoplitodrome, from Capua, in Vienna, 207;
  • hoplitodrome, Tux bronze, in Tuebingen, 28;
  • horse-racer, from Dodona, 28, 281;
  • horse-racer, in Loeb collection, Munich, 282;
  • horse-racer, from Volubilis, 281;
  • horse-racers, from Olympia, 24;
  • oil-pourer, from S. Italy, in British Museum, 135;
  • oil-pourers, terra cottas from Myrina, 135;
  • pancratiast, from Autun, in Louvre, 249f.;
  • praying boys, two bronze, in Metropolitan Museum, 132, 133;
  • sacrificer, from Dodona, 143;
  • trumpeter, from Sparta, 283;
  • warrior, from Dodona, 126;
  • wrestlers, group from Akropolis, 28;
  • wrestlers, group in Loeb Collection, Munich, 232;
  • statuettes in motion, from Egyptian art, 177;
  • in Paris and Rome, showing motive of statue of Xenokles, 138, 139.
• Stelæ, in honor of victors, 40.
• Stephanos, sculptor, statue by, 111f. “Stolid” group of so-called “Apollo” statues, 100.
• Stomach throw, in pankration, 247.
• Stomios, famous pentathlete, 59;
  • statue of, at Olympia, 42.
• Stone, used in Olympic victor statues, 323f. Strabo, on origin of Olympic games, 15.
• Strangford Apollo, the, statue in British Museum, 102, 103, 123, 244.
• Strangling, allowed in pankration, 246, 247.
• Straton, Olympic victor, 34, 93.
• Strigil, or scraper (στλεγγίς), used by athletes as a common palæstra attribute, 135, 138, 288.
• Stroganoff, statuette formerly in Collection, 166.
• Strong, Mrs. Eugénie (née Sellers), on Apollo head, in British Museum, 92;
  • on Beneventum head, in Louvre, 63.
• Studniczka, F., on the gable statues from Olympia, 114;
  • on the Idolino, 141;
  • on statues of Theagenes, 364.
• Styphax (or Styppax), sculptor, 143.
• Subiaco, statue of kneeling youth from, 195;
  • date and interpretation of, 195, 196.
• Succession, contests of, as explanation of funerary games, 14.
• Suedwestbau; see Leonidaion. Svoronos, J. N., on bronze arm found in sea off Antikythera, 236;
  • on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 83;
  • on bronze statuette found in sea off Antikythera, 79;
  • on Delphi Charioteer, 277;
  • on dying hoplite relief, from Athens, 209;
  • on the Idolino, 142.
• Swollen ear, as attribute of victor statues, 167f.;
  • not a determining distinction between heads of athletes and Herakles, 297, 319, 320;
  • on various heads of athletes, gods, and heroes, 168f.
• Symmachos, statue at Olympia, 120, 342.
• Symmetry, in Greek art, 65, 66;
  • Pliny and Vitruvius on, 66.
• Symplegma, group representing a, by Kephisodotos, 252.
• Symposium, of Xenophon, 59.
• Syracuse, coins of, representing Nike with tablet, 182;
  • funeral games at, in honor of Timoleon, 11;
  • Hiero and Gelo, kings of, 257.
• Tainia, or fillet, as victor attribute, 148f. Tanagra, ephebe chosen at, for his beauty, 57;
  • grave-stele from, 72.
• Tarentum (Taras), captured by Q. Fabius Maximus, 253;
  • coins of, showing apobates horse-racers, 282.
• Tarsos, athlete head from, 168.
• Tegea, excavations at temple of Athena at, 306;
  • heads from gable of temple at, 306;
  • heads from, compared with small frieze from Mausoleion, 275;
  • heads from, compared with boy athlete head from Sparta, 305;
  • torso of the Amazon from, 306.
• Teisikrates, chariot victor, at Delphi, 268.
• Teisikrates, pancratiast, inscribed base of statue of, from Delphi, 249.
• Teisikrates, Theban sculptor, 368.
• Tektaios, sculptor, 122, 304, 334, 335.
  • See also Angelion.
• Telekles, sculptor, 330, 334.
  • See also Rhoikos and Theodoros.
• Telemachos, base of statue at Olympia, 346, 348, 355;
  • statue at Olympia, 109, 266, 339, 345;
  • zone of, at Olympia, 345, 346.
• Telephos, battle with Achilles, in Tegea pediment, 306;
  • in group, on small frieze from Pergamon, 253;
  • in group, in Vatican, 95.
• Telesikrates, hoplite victor, statue at Delphi, 26, 162.
• Tellon, base of statue at Olympia, 240, 345;
  • statue at Olympia, 31, 352.
• Temessa, Black Spirit of, 35.
• Tempe, vale of, as home of laurel, 21.
• Temple, spoken of as pro persona, 299.
• Tenea, “Apollo” of, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 127, 327, 336;
  • “Apollo” of, as runner, 148;
  • necropolis of, 337.
• Tenerani, sculptor, 288.
• Tepemankh, wood statue in Cairo, 330.
• Terrace wall, South, at Olympia, 346, 348, 357, 358.
• Tetradrachm, silver, in honor of Olympic victory of Philip II, 280.
• Thaliarchos, base of statue of, 358;
  • oldest prose inscription making an Olympic victor statue votive, 39.
• Thamyris, victor statue on Helikon, 284.
• Thargelia, the, statue of boy victor at, 27.
• Thasos, statue of Theagenes on, 364;
  • temple of Apollo at Alki on, 336.
• Theagenes, Olympic victor, boxing match with Euthymos, 247;
  • heroized after death, 35;
  • statue at Olympia, 122, 244, 364;
  • story of statue on Thasos, 364;
  • too wearied by boxing to enter pankration, 247;
  • wrestling match with Aethiopian, 252.
• Theekoleon, the, at Olympia, 353, 355, 357.
• Theochrestos, chariot dedicated at Olympia, 265.
• Theodoros, bronze founder, 321, 330, 334.
  • See also Rhoikos and Telekles.
• Theodosius, Roman emperor, abolishes Olympic games, 15.
• Theognetos, statue at Olympia, 61, 165, 352.
• Theopompos, statue at Olympia, 161.
• Theopropos, base of statue at Olympia, 360.
• Theoros, painter, 29, 133.
• Theotimos, statue at Olympia, 121.
• Thera, “Apollo” of, 100, 101, 103, 104, 327, 337.
• Thermæ, the, of M. Agrippa, Rome, 289.
• Thermopylæ, battle of, 51.
• Thersias, first victor in mule-race at Olympia, 261.
• Thersilochos, statue at Olympia, 117.
• Thersonides, base of statue from Olympia, 356.
• Theseia, the, 18;
  • boys at, divided into three classes, 189.
• Theseus, 18;
  • contest of, on Delos, in honor of Apollo, 160;
  • as inventor of boxing, 235;
  • as inventor of pankration, 247;
  • statues of, in gymnasia and palæstræ, 94;
  • Theseus and Kerkyon, on metope of Theseion, 232.
• Thessalonika, funeral games at, 11.
• Thessaly, bull-grappling sport in, 5.
• Thong (ἀγκύλη, amentum), of javelin, 223.
• Thorn-puller; see Spinario. Thorwaldsen, sculptor, restores Aegina gable statues, 123.
• Thracian Chersonesos, games on, 11.
• Thrasyboulos, drives father’s car at Delphi, 267.
• Thrasymachos (or Thrasymedes), base of statue at Olympia, 358.
• Threatening look of victor statues, 59.
• Thukydides, on Diitrephes, 373;
  • on krobylos hair-fashion, 52;
  • on loin-cloth of athletes, 48;
  • on refuge of King Pausanias, 367;
  • uses pancratiasts for dating, 191.
• Tiberius, Roman emperor, base of statue at Olympia, 357, 358;
  • chariot victor at Olympia, 261;
  • enamored of the Apoxyomenos of Lysippos, 289.
• Tilting, hold in pankration, 247.
• Timainetos, painter, 29.
• Timaios, first victor in trumpeting at Olympia, 283.
• Timaios, historian, 284.
• Timarchides, sculptor, 129, 324.
• Timasitheos, statue at Olympia, 111, 355.
• Timokles, sculptor, 129.
• Timoleon, funeral games in honor of, at Syracuse, 11.
• Timon, chariot victor, statue in equestrian group, 120, 266, 268, 279.
• Timon, pentathlete, statue at Olympia, 109, 354.
• Timoptolis, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
• Timosthenes, statue at Olympia, 121, 342.
• Tiryns, fresco from, 2, 3;
  • lack of athletic scenes at, 8.
• Titus, baths at Rome, 371.
• Toalios, Aurelios, base of victor statue at Oinoanda, 371.
• Torches, dedications of, 22.
• Toreadors, paintings of, male and female, at Knossos, 1, 3.
• Torlonia, Palazzo, Rome, copy of Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type in, 89;
  • head of Ares in, 170.
• Trachiniae, of Sophokles, 318.
• Trainers at Olympia, nude, 49.
• Treasuries, the, at Olympia, 351.
• Treu, G., on colossal Apollo from Olympia, 92;
  • on copy of Doryphoros of Polykleitos, at Olympia, 227;
  • on gable statues from temple of Zeus, Olympia, 114;
  • on head of hoplite runner from Olympia, 163;
  • identifies Leonidaion, at Olympia, 348;
  • on Philandridas head, 293, 294;
  • on use of marble in Olympic victor statues, 324, 326.
• Triopia, the, at Mykale, 19.
• Triphylia, 15.
• Tripods, as early prizes, 19;
  • found at Olympia and elsewhere, 22;
  • in honor of various gods and heroes, 19;
  • reliefs on bronze, in Loeb collection, Munich, 194.
• Tripping, in wrestling, 229;
  • shown by five bronze groups, 233.
• Triptolemos (?), statue of Kyniskos converted into, 74.
• Troilos, dates of victories at Olympia, 300, 301;
  • statue at Olympia, 29, 121, 266, 298;
  • tablet from base of statue of, 299, 342.
• Trotting-race with mares (κάλπη), introduced at Olympia, 261;
  • why introduced, 282.
• Trumpeters, on Attic vases, 284;
  • bronze statuette of, from Sparta, 283;
  • contests of, introduced at Olympia, 283;
  • statues at Olympia, 283.
• Tuebingen bronze; see Tux bronze. Tui, wood statue of, in Louvre, 331.
• Tumblers, among Athenians, 5;
  • among Trojans, 5;
  • on shield of Achilles, 5.
• Turin, head of athlete in, 87;
  • marble head of Apollo in, 93;
  • Roman grave-stone from, 72.
• Tux bronze, statuette of hoplitodromos (?), in University Museum, Tuebingen, 28, 123, 164, 206, 207.
• Tyche, statue by Eutychides, at Antioch, 121.
• Types, various, of Olympic victor statues, 44, 99f., 173f.; etc. Tyrannicides, the, group by Kritios and Nesiotes, 60, 148, 173f.;
  • break with law of “frontality,” 175;
  • as first examples of honor statues, 41;
  • group of, returned from Susa by Alexander, 173;
  • reconstruction of, from reliefs, vase-paintings, etc., 174;
  • represented on oinochoe in Boston, 175;
  • sculptors of, 173f., 372;
  • Tyrannicides and Diskobolos compared, 183.
• Umpires, at Olympia, 149.
  • See also Hellanodikai.
• Uncritical judgments of ancient writers on art, 58.
• Uniformity, standard of, in physical development in fifth century B. C., 147f. Urlichs, H. L. von, on pristae of Myron, 188;
  • on puer tenens tabellam of Pythagoras, 182.
• Urlichs, L. von, on mala ferens nudus, mentioned by Pliny, 182;
  • on puer tenens tabellam of Pythagoras, 182.
• Vaison Diadoumenos of Polykleitos, 152.
• Valerian, Roman emperor, 11.
• Vapheio, cups from, 4. Varro, opinions of, on art, 60.
• Vase-paintings, showing poses of Olympic victor statues, 44.
• “Vatican athlete standing at rest,” so-called, 140.
• Veins, shown in Cretan art, 3, 4.
• Venator, statue of, by Euthykrates, 314.
• Ventnor head in British Museum, 89.
• Verona, grave-relief in, 72.
• Victor fillets, 52.
• Victor statues, assimilated to types of gods and heroes, 71f.;
  • bases of, from Altis, 43, 353f.;
  • carried off to Italy, 43;
  • dedication of, an old Greek custom, 99;
  • dedication at Olympia and elsewhere, 24f.;
  • distinguished from statues of gods and heroes, 71;
  • general characteristics of, 43f.;
  • groups of, in Altis, 300, 340;
  • hair-fashion of, 50f.;
  • life-size, examples of, 46;
  • materials of, 321f.;
  • in motion, 173f.;
  • nudity of, 47f.;
  • periegesis of, in the Altis, by Pausanias, 321;
  • positions of, in Altis, 339f., 352;
  • remnants of, 43, 62f.;
  • at rest, 99f.;
  • set up at Olympia, long after victory, 32;
  • set up at Olympia, soon after victory, 31;
  • set up at Olympia by relatives of victor, by native city of victor, by fellow-citizens of victor, 30;
  • set up by trainers, 30;
  • set up outside Olympia, 361f.;
  • size of, 45f.;
  • statuaries of, 375;
  • two classes of, 99;
  • zones of, at Olympia, 340.
• Victor statuettes, set up at Olympia, 27, 28;
  • on Akropolis, 28.
• Victoria quadrigam in sublime rapiens, painting by Nikomachos, 268.
• Victors, special privileges of, at Rome, 33;
  • Victor certamine gymnico palmam tenens, painting of, by Eupompos, 160;
  • victor, represented as crowned, on chest of Kypselos, 13;
  • victor in wrestling and pankration on same day, called παράδοξος or παραδοξονίκης, 94;
  • victors at four national games, called περιοδονῖκαι, 361.
• Victory, of Paionios; see Paionios, Nike of;
  • zone of, at Olympia, 344, 355.
• Vincent, Edgar, head of athlete in Collection of, 156.
• Vinci, Leonardo da, on body proportions, 68.
• Visconti, on so-called Borghese Warrior, 209;
  • on Pliny’s “iconic” statues, 54.
• Viterbo, bull-grappling in province of, 5.
• Vitruvius, on analogy, rhythm, and symmetry, in Greek art, 66.
• Volneratus deficiens, the, statue by Kresilas, 199.
• Volomandra, “Apollo” from, 100, 104, 337.
• Volubilis, Morocco, French excavations at, 281.
• Votive offerings (ἀναθήματα), mentioned by Pausanias, 339;
  • victor monuments as, 37.
• Wace, A. J. B., on Parian marble male head in Turin, of athlete or Apollo, 93;
  • on Roman male head in Turin, resembling the Apoxyomenos of Lysippan school, 292.
• Waldstein (Walston), C., on appellation “Apollo” for early athlete statues, 335;
  • on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81;
  • on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90, 179;
  • on the Strangford Apollo, 244;
  • on victor fillet, 149.
• Walking motive in sculpture, not Polykleitan in origin, 226.
• Walston, C.; see Waldstein, C. Warrior, or hoplitodromos, bronze head from Akropolis, 123.
• Washburn, O. M., on Delphi Charioteer, 277, 278.
• Wernicke, K., on Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia, 349.
• Westgraben, the, at Olympia, 358.
• Westmacott Athlete, the, 156f., 158, 305.
• Wheels, four-spoked, one dedicated at Argos, 97;
  • tin-foil, dedicated at Olympia, 23.
• White, H. G. E., on two statuettes of diskoboloi from Akropolis, 221, 222.
• Wilamowitz, U. von (Wilamowitz-Moellendorf), on inscribed base of statue of Epicharinos on Akropolis, 372.
• Winckelmann, J., on character of Greek Art, 57;
  • on Jason of Louvre, 87.
• Wine-pourers, statues of, 144.
• Winged figures, represented in motion before sixth century B. C., 176f. Winnefeld, H., on Westmacott Athlete statue type, 158.
• Winter, F., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90;
  • on the Seated Boxer of Museo delle Terme, 147.
• Woelfflin, E., on nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 250, 251.
• Wolters, P., on bronze foot from Olympia, 255;
  • on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90, 91;
  • on head of hoplitodrome, from Olympia, 163;
  • on inscribed base of the Agias, 292;
  • on Spinario, 201;
  • on Tux bronze, 207;
  • on use of bronze in Olympic victor statues, 321.
• Woman, statue of Muse type, from Andros, 71;
  • head in Louvre, 128.
• Women, admitted to chariot-race at Olympia, 49;
  • excluded from Olympia, 49;
  • victress statues of, draped, 48;
  • admitted to the Heraia, Olympia, 49.
• Worship of victors after death, 35.
• Wounded Amazon, statue in Capitoline Museum, 151.
• Wounded Man, the, statue of; see Volneratus deficiens. Wreath of leaves, as prize at various games. Wrestlers, attributes of statues of, 165;
  • bronze group of, in Paris, 232;
  • bronze statue in Naples, 99;
  • five copies of bronze group of, showing tripping, 233;
  • group of, on bronze bowl from Borsdorf, showing hand grip, 231, 232;
  • groups of, on cista handles, 232;
  • groups of, on Etruscan cista in Metropolitan Museum, 231;
  • group of, at Olympia (?), 233f.;
  • paintings of wrestlers by Naukeros, and by Antidotos, 233;
  • part of group of, found in sea off Antikythera, 232;
  • small bronze group of, in Loeb Collection, showing cross-buttocks, 232;
  • statues of, at Olympia, 234;
  • statues of, without special attributes, 170;
  • two bronze statues of, from Herculaneum showing front hold, 230, 231;
  • two groups of, on rim of bronze bowl, in Boston, 232.
• Wrestling (πάλη), 228f.;
  • bout between Theseus and Kerkyon, on metope of Theseion, 232;
  • cap used in, 166;
  • depicted on proto-Attic amphora, 13;
  • for boys, introduced at Olympia, 228;
  • at games of Patroklos, 8;
  • ground wrestling, on gems and vases, 248;
  • holds in, on vases (arm, body, front, neck, side, wrist), 229;
  • introduced at Olympia, 228;
  • oldest(?) of athletic sports, 228;
  • one of most popular sports, 228;
  • positions in, on various monuments, 229;
  • on r.-f. kylix, in Philadelphia, 230;
  • scenes in, on r.-f. vase, by Andokides, 230;
  • throws in, on vases (buttocks, cross-buttocks, flying mare, heave, tripping), 229;
  • two kinds of, upright (ὀρθὴ πάλη), ground (κύλισις), 228, 229;
  • victors in wrestling and pankration on same day, 93, 94;
  • on wall-paintings at Beni-Hasan, Egypt, 1, 228;
  • wrestling and boxing on Panathenaic amphora of Kittos, 248;
  • wrestling and boxing in pankration, 247;
  • wrestling and pankration contrasted, 246.
• Wunderer, C., on the Seated Boxer of Museo delle Terme, 147.
• Xanten, bronze statue of boy found in Rhine near, 276.
• Xanthos, Chimæra tomb at, 271.
• Xenodamos, statue at Antikythera, 369.
• Xenodikos, statue at Olympia, 279, 345.
• Xenokles, base of statue at Olympia, 234, 344;
  • copies of statue of, 228, 234;
  • motive of statue of, 138, 139;
  • statue at Olympia, by Polykleitos the Younger, 118.
• Xenokrates, of Akragas, chariot victor at Delphi, 267.
• Xenokrates, sculptor, 61.
• Xenombrotos, base of statue at Olympia, 345;
  • base of second statue at Olympia, 355;
  • portrait statue of, at Olympia, 54;
  • statue at Olympia, by Philotimos, 122, 264, 279;
  • two monuments of, at Olympia, 29.
• Xenophanes, philosopher, on dangerous character of pankration, 246;
  • on painful character of boxing, 235;
  • protest of, against reverencing victors, 36.
• Xenophon, historian, on athletics, 58, 59;
  • Symposium of, 59.
• Xenophon, of Aigion, statue at Olympia, 120, 343.
• Xerxes, carries off the Tyrannicides to Susa, 173;
  • sacks Akropolis, 271.
• Xoana (ξόανα), Daidalian, 328.
• Youth, bronze head of, from Akropolis, 114;
  • bronze head of, from Herculaneum, 95;
  • bronze statue of, found in sea off Antikythera, 80f., 82f.;
  • Polykleitan statue of, crowning himself, 155;
  • youth with tablet, on Munich vase, 182.
• Zanes, statues of Zeus, so-called, near entrance to Stadion, at Olympia, 33, 34.
• Zenobios, 182.
• Zeus, contestants at Olympia sacrifice to, 11;
  • diadoumenos on throne of, at Olympia, 150, 151;
  • father of Herakles, 10;
  • games in honor of, at Argos, 285;
  • Great Altar of, at Olympia, 339, 349, 350, 351, 355;
  • Nemean games in honor of, 17;
  • as one of the gods presiding over contests, 75;
  • sculptures from pediments of temple of, at Olympia, 53, 113, 114;
  • site of Great Altar of, at Olympia, 348f.;
  • statues of Hyblæan, at Olympia, 344;
  • of Megarian, at Olympia, 344;
  • of Olympian, by Pheidias, 52;
  • of Platæan, at Olympia, 344;
  • of Zeus Ithomatas, 110, 111;
  • of Zeus παῖς, at Aigion, 111;
  • with short hair, 52;
  • temple of, at Olympia, 342, 344, 346, 347, 350, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 358, 359, 360;
  • throne of, at Olympia, described by Pausanias, 61;
  • worship of, at Olympia, later than that of Hera, 16;
  • wrestling match of, with Kronos, 14.
• Zeuxis, painter, 29.
• Zones, of victor statues at Olympia, 340;
  • of the Chariots, 345, 346;
  • of the (Eretrian) Bull, 343, 346;
  • of Telemachos, 345, 346;
  • of the Victory, 344, 346.