Adelsberg, Caverns of, 195
Æpyornis, The, 252
"Age of Lakes," The, 257
Air, how it may become solid, 84
Aleutian Islands, Volcanoes of the, 97
Algæ, 103
Alluvium, 54
America in the Devonian Period, 217;
in the Glacial Period, 271
Ammonites, 210
Amœba, The, 100
Andes, Volcanoes of the, 97
Andesite, 184
Andromeda, 92
Animal Life, The first, 104
Animal Species of the Carboniferous Period, 229
Ant, White, The work of the, 44
Anthracite, 133
Apes, The first, 268
Apteryx, The, 252
Archæan Era, 129, 199
Archæopteryx, The, 243
Archelon, The, 249
Arches, The strain on, 25
Aristotle and Earthquakes, 176
Armadillos, 275
Arrhenius, Prof., Theory of, 88
Arsinoitherium, The, 266
Assam, Earthquake in, 155
Atmosphere, has the Moon one? 123;
of Mars, 126
Atmospheric pressure, 80, 101
Attraction of bodies, 102
Austen, Sir W. R., his experiment, 85
Avalanches, 69

Babylon, 45
Bacteria in Devonian Period, 217
Baikal, Lake, effects of earthquake, 140
Baltic, Ice in the, 74
Barometer, The use of the, 24
Basalt Rocks, 132
"Beds of Passage," 236
Birds of the Jurassic Period, 243
Bogoslof Islands, 162
Borings, Deep, 79
Boulder-clay deposited by glaciers, 73
Brachiosaurus, The, 241
Brahmaputra, The delta of the, 60
Britain in the Silurian Period, 211;
in the Mesozoic Period, 231
British Isles, Ice in the, 75
Brontosaurus, The, 240

Cainozoic Period, The, 199
Calabria, Earthquake in, 149
Calamites, 222
Calumet and Hecla Mine, Temperature of, 82
Cambrian Hills, The, 200
Cambrian Period, 117;
life in the, 202;
surface of the globe in, 205
Carbonate of Lime, 40, 48
Carbonic Acid, The action of, 47
Carboniferous or Mountain Limestone, 218
Carboniferous Period, The atmosphere of, 219;
insects, mollusca, vegetation, 220;
fish, 224;
strata, 226;
animal species, 229
Carboniferous System, Extent of the, 227
Cariama, The, or Screamer, 251
Carinthia, Earthquake in, 141
Carrara marble, 134
Cephalopod types, 207
Ceratosaurus, The, 240
Chalk, what it is, 21, 248
Chelonians, The, 233
Climate, The changes of, 33
Coal, 219
Coccosteus, The, 215
Collision of planets, A, 93
Constructive work of earthquakes, 181
Coral Islands, 66
Coral reefs, 63
Coral reefs in the Silurian Age, 210
Coryphodon, The, 259
Cracks in the crust of the Earth, 97
Crater Lakes, 109
Crinoids, The, 210
Crustacea, 131, 202
Crust of the Earth, The study of the, 198
Cyclones, 42

Dead Sea, The, 58
Deltas of rivers, 20
Deposits, how they are made, 20, 45
Depths of the sea, 189
Devonian Period, 212; fishes of the, 216;
vegetation, 216;
insects, 216;
Europe and America, 217
Diamonds, how they are produced, 132
Dinoceras, The, 266
Dinosaurus, The, 240
Diplodocus, The, 241
Dolichosaurs, 249
Dover, The chalk cliffs of, 21
Dredging, The necessity for, 20
Dryopithecus, The, 268
Dryptosaurus, The, 253
Dwina, Fossils in the banks of the, 232
Dykes, 105

Earth, The, not so solid as it looks, 23;
its resemblance to a golf ball, 25;
its uneven surface, 31
Earth, Weighing the, 88
Earthquake districts, 171
Earthquake, The sensation of an, 137;
the cause of an, 166, 170
Earthquake waves, 174
Earthquakes, 23;
San Francisco, 140;
New Madrid, 140;
Lake Baikal, 140;
Iceland, 141;
Carinthia, 141;
Japan, 141;
Ocean, 143;
Lisbon, 148;
Sicily, 149;
Chili, 150;
Assam, 156;
Jamaica, 157;
the Mississippi, 158;
Sonora, 160;
Yakutat Bay, 160
Earthquakes, "Great" and "Small," 172;
their constructive and destructive work, 181
Earthworm, The work of the, 44
Edentata, The, 275
"Egg-stone," 236
Eifel District, Crater Lakes of the, 109
Elasmotherium, The, 265
Elephant, The, 260
Elephas Imperator, 280
Emu, The, 260
Encroachment of the sea on the shores of the British Isles, 17
Eocene Period, The, 257
Eohippus, The, 263
Eoliths, 287
Era of the First Plants, 103
Erosion, Sea, 19
"Erratic" blocks deposited by glaciers, 72
Eulalie, Lake, effect of earthquake on, 142
Europe in the Devonian Period, 217
Evolution, 115
Excavations and what they reveal, 34

"Faults," 167
Fish in the carboniferous period, 224
Flint, 248
Flint implements, 288
Florida, Encroachment of the sea on the coast of, 18
Flying Reptiles, 242
"Foliated" rocks, 200
Foraminifera, 247
Forests covered by the sea, 19
Fossils, 131;
in the banks of the Dwina, 232
Fossil records, 56
Fumaroles, 185

Ganges, The Delta of the, 20
Gases, How metals may be converted into, 84
"General Metamorphism," 133
Geologist, The work of the, 37
Geology, 37
Germany, Sand-dunes in, 46;
Ice in, 74
Geysers, 141
Giant's Causeway, 132
"Gibraltar Skull," The, 286
Ginkgo Tree, 228
Glacial Period, The, theories concerning, 272
Glaciers, 69, 270
Globigerina bulloides, 247
Glyptodon, The, 275
Gneiss, 200
Grand Cañon of the Colorado, 54
Graphite, 133
Great Barrier Reef, 66
Great Salt Lake, 57

Hadrosaurus, The, 253
Harwich, Encroachment of the sea at, 17
Hawaii, Lava eruptions in, 105, 187
Heat and Cold, 68
Heligoland, Encroachment of the sea on, 18
Hesperornis, The, 249
Horse, The, 259, 264
Hurricanes, 43

Ice in Scandinavia, Scotland, Germany, 74, 270
Iceland, Eruptions in, 106;
Earthquakes in, 141, 154
Ichthyornis, The, 250
Ichthyosaurs, The, 234, 239
Igneous rocks, 104
Iguanodon, The, 245
Inostransevia, The, 233
Insect life in the Ordovician Period, 206;
in the Devonian Period, 216
"Inter-glacial epochs," 273
Interior of the Earth, Theories concerning the, 87
Isle of Wight, Encroachment of the sea in, 17

Jamaica, Earthquake in, 157
Japan, Earthquake in, 141, 153
Jupiter, 91;
as an abode of life, 119
Jupiter Serapis, The Temple of, 181
Jurassic Period, Reptiles of the, 237

Kelvin, Lord, Theory of, 87;
concerning Life, 113
Kern, River, Effect of earthquake on, 141
Kingston, Jamaica, Earthquake at, 176
Kipling, Rudyard, 62
Kiwi, The, 252
Krakatoa, The eruption of, 45

Lago di Tolfilo, 152
Lakes, Deposits in, 56
Lakes produced by earthquakes, 152, 159
Land and Water, The distribution of, 31
Lariosaurus, The, 234
Laurentian Rocks, 133, 201
Lava eruptions, 105;
in N. America, 106;
plains, 107
Layers of strata which show the history of a place, 37
Leakage of the sea bottom, 190
Leonids, Lyrids, or Perseids, 99
Lias formation, The, 235, 237
Life, The simplest forms of, 111;
theories concerning its origin, 113;
early forms, 114;
in the Cambrian Period, 202;
in the Silurian Period, 203;
in the Ordovician Period, 204
Lisbon, Earthquake at, 148
Llama, The, 273
London, What excavations have revealed concerning the site of, 35
Luray, Caverns of, 196
Lycopods, 222
Lyginodendrons, 223

Mammals, The development of, 234, 258
Mammoth, The, 279
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, 196
Man, 284
Marble, how it is produced, 133
Marl in lakes, 57
Mars, 91;
as an abode of life, 119;
atmosphere, 126
Marsupials, 237
Martinique, Devastation of, by volcano, 186
Mastodon, The, 260
Megatherium, The, 275
Mercury as an abode of life, 118
Meritherium, The, 261
Mesozoic Period, The, 199, 231
Metals may be converted into gases, 84
Meteorites, 96
Microbes and Bacteria, 111
Microlestes, 237
Migrations of the human race, 290
Miller, Hugh, 213
Millstone Grit, 218
Miocene Period, The, 257
Mississippi, The Delta of the, 20;
sediment deposited, 51;
earthquake in region of, 159
Moa, The, 252, 260
Monsoons, 42
Moon, The, 90;
its birth, 100, 120;
volcanoes in, 106;
as an abode of life, 119;
weight, 120;
temperature, 124
Moraines, 70
Moraine-stuff, 70
Mountain formation, 167
Mud-banks, how they are made, 19
Mussels, 210
Mylodon, The, 276
Myths concerning earthquakes, 177

Naosaurus, The, 230
Neandarthal man, 285
Nebulæ, 92
Negroes, Nature's reason for the dark pigmentation of, 116
Neolithic Age, The, 287
Neptune, 119
New Chum Mine, Temperature of, 83
New Madrid, Earthquake at, 140
Niagara Falls, The work of the, 52
Nile, The Delta of the, 20
Nineveh, 45
North America, Ice in, 76
North Garden Gully Mine, Temperature of, 83
North Sea, The, how it was formed, 19
North Sea, Ice in the, 75

Ocean deposits, 61;
life, 114
Oceanic Era, The, 101
Old Red Sandstone, 212
Oolite, 66, 238
Ordovician Period, Life in the, 204;
surface of the earth in the, 206;
insect life in the, 206;
fish in the, 207;
the Trilobite, 207
Ordovician rocks, 202
Oreopithecus, The, 268
Organisms, Multicellular and Unicellular, 111
Orion, 92
Ostracoderm group, The, 215
Ostrich, The, 260
Oxygen, The action of, 47

Palæolithic Age, The, 287
Palæomastodon, The, 261
Palæozoic Period, The, 199
Palæozoic Alps, The, 219
Pareiasaurus, The, 232
Parsons, Hon. Charles, on the difficulties of deep boring, 79
"Pea-grit," 238
Peak Cavern in Derbyshire, 195
Pearl-oyster, The, 210
Peat-water, The action of, 48
Pelée, Mount, 86, 108;
the obelisk, 184
Permian or Dyas formation, 227
Peroxide of Iron, 40
Perseids, 99
Pharorachus, The, 251
Pithecanthropos erectus, 285
Planetismals or Meteorites, 99
Plant life in the Silurian Period, 210
Plants, Era of the first, 103
Pleiades, The, 91
Pleistocene Period, The, 269
Plesiosaurus, The, 234, 239
Pliny on the upheaval of land, 192
Pliocene Period, The, 257
Po, Sediment deposited by the River, 20
Polyps, Coral, 65
"Pot-holes" in Yorkshire, 195
Pre-Cambrian, 201
Pressure, of air, 80;
of the ocean, 190
Pressure and weight of rocks, 85;
astounding effects of, 134
Pribylof Islands, 164
Proboscideans, The, 273
Proterozoic era, The 130
Pteraspes, The, 215
Pterichthyds, The, 215
Pterodactyls, 242
Pterosaurs, The, 255

Quartzite, 200
Quaternary Period, The, 199
Quebec, Collapse of the bridge of, 25

Rag-stone, 238
Rain, The influence of, 47
Rainfall on the British Isles, 128
Raised Beaches, 151
Red clay deposit in the ocean, 61
Red Sandstone Formation, 212
Reptiles and Amphibians of the Triassic Period, 232;
of the Jurassic Period, 237
Reptiles in the Carboniferous Period, 229
Rhinoceros, The, 265
Rhizopods, The, 224
Rhætic beds, 237
Rivers and Streams in the Silurian Age, 209
River Terraces, 55
Rivers, Work done by, 20;
records left by, 50
Rocks, how they are made, 79;
igneous and sedimentary, 104, 129;
"foliated," 200
Rocks, Pressure and weight of, 85
Roestone, 238
Romney Marsh, 60
Rorqual, The, 275
Royal Commission on Sea Erosion, 19

Sabre-toothed Cat, The, 273
Saharan desert, The, 22
St. Pierre, Destruction of, by volcano, 186
Salt Lakes, 57
Sambon, Dr., 116
Samotherium, The, 266
San Francisco, Earthquake at, 140, 161
San Gabriel River, effect of earthquake on, 141
Sand-banks and mud-banks, how they are made, 20
Sand-dunes, how they are made, 45
Saturn as an abode of life, 119
Scaly Saurians, 248
Scandinavia, Ice in, 74
Schist, 200
Scotland, Ice in, 74
Sea, depths of the, 189;
in the Silurian Age, 210
Sea, The, encroachment on land, 17;
Isle of Wight, 17;
British Isles, 17;
Florida, 18;
Heligoland, 18;
Erosion, 19;
its work, 19
Seaquakes, 143;
Chilian coast, 144;
the Florence Nightingale, 145;
sensation of, 145;
origin of, 147
Sea-water, The action of, 65
Sediment deposited by rivers, 20, 51
Sedimentary rocks, 104, 129
See, Dr. J. J., his theory concerning the interior of the earth, 88
Seismology, 23;
in Japan, 153
Seismometers, 24, 153
Shape of the Earth, The, 31
Sharks, 216
Shingle, how it accumulated, 60
Shells found on dry land, 19;
forests covered by, 19
Shells in lakes, Deposit of, 57;
in the ocean, 63
Shetland Islands, Action of the sea on the, 59
Sigillarias, 222
Silchester, 45
Silica, 40
Silurian Period, Scorpions and insects in the, 203;
surface of the earth in the, 208;
rivers and streams, 209;
coral reefs, 210;
fish, 210;
plant life, 210;
Britain, 211
Silurian rocks, 202
Sivatherium, The, 266
Snail-shells in lakes, 57
Snakes, First appearance of, 255
Snow and Ice Age, 68
Sonora, Earthquake at, 160
Sperm Whale, The, 274
Sphenodon, The, 230
"Spy men," 286
Stars, The, 91
Steam a cause of earthquakes
Stegosaurus, The, 242
Stone Age, The, 287
Stones smoothed by water, 55
Strata, The earth's, 78
Strokkur geyser in Iceland, 141
Submarine volcanoes, 187
Subterranean caves, how caused, 195
Sun, The, 90;
as an abode of life, 118

Tapir, The, 273
Temperature of borings, The, 83;
of the Moon, 124;
of Mars, 126
Temperature, Changes of, 33
Terminal moraines, 76
Tertiary Period, The, 257
Tetrabelodon Mastodon, The, 260
Thames, Sediment deposited by the, 21
Tides, 87, 102
Titanotherium, The, 265
Tornadoes, 43
Torrents, The action of, 52
Torridonian Sandstones, 130
Trade Winds, 42
Triassic Period, The, 231
Triceratops, The, 253
Trilobite, The, 204;
in the Ordovician Period, 207
"Trinil Man," The, 285
Typhoons, 43

Ultima Speranza Cave, The, 276
Upheaval of land, 151, 181
Uranus, 119

Valais Mountains glacier, 72
Valparaiso, Earthquake at, 160
Vegetation on the Moon, 124;
of the Devonian Period, 216;
of the Carboniferous Period, 220;
of the Jurassic Period, 245
Venus as an abode of life, 118
Vertebrates, Evolution of the, 225
Volcanoes of the Andes, 97;
in the Moon, 106

Water, The action of, 47;
its power, 51
Water, The formation of, 109
Wateree, The, carried inland by a vast wave, 144
Waterspouts: how they are caused, 44
Waves caused by earthquakes, 143, 144, 145;
the Chilian coast, 144;
Hakodate, 144;
the ship Wateree, 144;
Arica, 144;
Samoa, 145;
N. Zealand, 145;
Japan, 145;
speed of, 145;
Lisbon, 148
Weather, The influence of the, 40
Whales, 267
Weighing the earth, 88
Wind-stakes for stopping sand, 46
Wind, The work of the, 40