A
Anastomosis, 63, 127, 172
  how far observed by Harvey, 128
  Harvey states his views on, 179, 180
Aneurism
  pulsation of an, 15
  axillary, its bearing on the pulse, 30
  its effect on the pulse, 135
Animals
  importance of dissecting the lower, 42
Aorta
  why its walls thicker than those of the pulmonary artery, 107
  case in which portion of, ossified, 137
Argent, Dr.
  dedication of treatise on Heart and Blood to, 5
Aristotle
  referred to, vii, 27
  on the pulse, 30
  on the chick, 34
  quoted in support of pulsation of heart of embryo, 46
  circular motion of rain suggested by, compared to that of the blood, 56
  on the heart, 93, 97, 105, 166
  his error regarding the mitral valve, 101
  on the study of the lower animals, 137
  on trusting to the senses, 160
Arteriotomy
  experiments of, 14, 28, 29, 129, 163
  outflow of blood in, 29
Arteries
  ancient views regarding the, ix
  contain blood only, 12
  contain same blood as the veins, 12
  Galen’s experiment on, 12
  filled like bladders, not like bellows, 13
  dilation of, due to impulse of blood, 14
  diastole of, corresponds to systole of heart, 29
  called veins, by Galen, 30, and the ancients, 57
  why empty after death, 62, 140
  coronary, supply the heart itself, 88
  reason for greater thickness of coats of, 106
  nearer to heart, more they differ from veins, 106
  contained only aërial spirits, according to Erasistratus, 140
Artery
  ligature of an, of a snake, 66
  experiment of dividing an, 129, 146
  experiment on an exposed uncut, 136
  case of ossification of portion of an, 137
Arundel, Earl of
  Harvey accompanied the, on an embassy to the Emperor, xxii
Aselli
  discovered the lacteals, 117, 186
  lacteal vessels of, referred to by Harvey, 197

B
Baer, Von
  Harvey, a precursor of, xxi
Bandages
  on the arm to show flow of blood in the veins, 81 et seq.
Bauhin, Caspar
  his observations on the heart, 31
Bibliography
  of Harvey’s works, xxiv
Bird
  observations on the beat of the heart of a, 33
  observations on the heart of the chick, 34, 36
Blood
  its course from veins to arteries, 42
  in the lower animals, 43
  in the fœtus, 44
  its passage through the lungs, 48
  quantity of, passing through the heart, 55
  circular motion of the, 56
   demonstrated from impossibility of whole amount of, being derived from the ingesta, 58
  amount ejected from ventricle at each beat, 59
  enters a limb by arteries, leaves it by veins, 67
  circulation of, proved by experiments with ligatures, 67, 68
  quantity of, passing through bloodvessels supports circulation, 76
  circulation of, supported by valves in the veins, 78
  manner of escape of, in surgical operations, 107
  the whole of the, circulates, 114
  is cooled in passing through the lungs, 122
  force with which it flows from an artery, 136
  is of same nature in arteries and veins, 138, 143
   reasons why a different view has been held, 139, 140
  velocity of, varies in different parts, and at different times, 156
  gives heat to the heart, 167
  passage of, from arteries to veins, xvi, 168

C
Cæsalpinus, Andreas
  claimed in Italy as the discoverer of the Circulation, xi
   this claim criticised, xii
Calidum innatum, 145
  not distinct from the blood, 146
Canalis arteriosus
  of fœtus, shrinks gradually after birth, 45
Capillaries
  too minute for Harvey to see, xvi
  first observed by Malpighi, xvi
Carotid artery
  experiment on the, 129
  force with which blood flows from the, 136
Charles I.
  his interest in Harvey’s discovery, xviii
  Harvey appointed physician to, xxii
   remained such by request of the Parliament, xviii
  dedication to, of treatise on Motion of Heart and Blood, 3
  present at a demonstration by Harvey, 153
Chick
  first sign of the heart in the, 34
  Aristotle on, 34
  observations of, on the fourth and fifth days of incubation, 36
Chordæ tendineæ, 99, 100
Chyle
  absorbed by the blood, 92
  vessels containing, 186
Circulation of the Blood
  circulation as distinct from motion, xii
  first suggested to Harvey’s mind, 56
  compared to circular movement of rain as suggested by Aristotle, 56
  confirmed by three propositions, 58
  varies in rapidity, 61
  explains the results of ligatures, 67 et seq.
  explains phlebotomy, 73
  summary account of, 85, 168
  confirmed by probable reasons, 86
  proved by certain consequences, 90
  confirmed from structure of the heart in many different kinds of animals, 96
  doctrine of the, the opposite to that vulgarly entertained, 108
  first reply to Riolan on the, 111
  applies to the whole of the blood, 114
  in the mesentery, 119
  coronary, or a third and very short, 125
  through every part of the body, 126
  second reply to Riolan on the, 133
  reply to those who cry cui bono?, 149
  reasons given by opponents for not accepting the, 149, 150
  velocity of, varies with age, sex, temperament, etc., 156
  influenced by the emotions, 158
  recapitulation of work on Motion of Heart and Blood, 161
  interference with, followed by dangerous results, 171
  further illustrations of, 176 et seq.
Columbus, Realdus
  claimed as discoverer of the Circulation, xi
  referred to in relation to the Pulmonary Circulation, 12, 16, 50
Columnæ carneæ
  of the heart, 99
Contagion
  of disease spread, explained by circulation, 90
  nature of, referred to by Harvey, 193
Contraction
  the source of all animal motion, 102
  of the fibres of the heart, 105
  of muscles as aid to movement of blood in the veins, 116
Conviction
  means of acquiring, of physical truths discussed, 158
Coronary
  vessels supply the heart with blood, 88
  circulation, a third, very short, 125
  vein usually has a valve at its orifice, 125

D
Darcy, Sir Robert
  case of, illustrating obstruction of the circulation through the heart, 155
Descartes
  supports Harvey’s discovery, xvii
  Harvey makes his acknowledgments to, 169
  his observations of the heart of a fish, 169
  his explanation of the pulse not accepted by Harvey, 170
Diastole and Systole
  of arteries as of the heart, 138
  constituting the pulse, 163
Dissection
  uses of, 112
  failed to reveal any of the “spirits” of the schoolmen, 141
Diuretic
  drinks, their quick action in illustration of the large quantity of blood circulating, 49
Ductus arteriosus
  shrinks gradually after birth, 45
  its function in the fœtus, 98

E
Eel
  observations on the heart of the, 33
Embryology
  Harvey a pioneer in the science of, xx
Ent, Dr. George
  persuaded Harvey to publish his treatise on Generation, xx
  directed in Harvey’s will to present his books and collections to the College of Physicians, 216
  Harvey left him his presses and shelves, 216
Epigenesis
  Harvey’s doctrine of, xxi
Erasistratus
  thought the arteries contained only spirits or air, 40, 140
Euripus
  the tides of, the motion of the heart as perplexing as, 22
  Galen refers to, in speaking of the use of the semilunar valves, 53
  Riolan applies, to the movement of the blood in the mesenteric vessels, 115
Experience
  importance of, for scientific observation, 160
Experiment
  the direct appeal to, viii
  Galen’s, to show arteries contain only blood, 12
  Galen’s, to show arteries filled like bellows, controverted by Harvey, 14
  of arteriotomy, 14, 28, 29
  Galen’s, of dividing the trachea, 18
  to observe the beating heart, 24
  of dividing the gill vessels of fishes, 28
  on the hearts of an eel, a fish, and a pigeon, 33
  to show the capacity of the left ventricle, 59
  on the heart of a snake, 65
  of tying the veins below the heart in serpents and fishes, 65
  on a man’s arm with a bandage, 68
  on the veins of the arm by ligatures, 82, 84
  of tying the vena cava near the heart and dividing carotid artery, 129
  Galen’s, on an artery, 134
   performed and disproved by Harvey, 135
  on an exposed undivided artery, 136
  to show the blood of arteries and veins the same, 138
  to show the different character of outflow of blood from artery and vein, 147
  to show blood cannot pass from heart by the veins, 147
  with the dried intestine of a dog filled with water to illustrate the pulse, 152
  on the jugular vein of a fallow deer, 153
  by appeal to, endeavour to demonstrate circulation, 163
  of dividing exposed artery to observe effect on pulse, 163
  of tying the pulmonary veins, 165
  of bandaging arm and plunging it into cold water, 168
  of tying the vena portae, 171
  of tying the vena cava near the crural veins, 172
  on the body of a man recently hanged, to show course of blood through lungs, 177

F
Fabricius, Hieronymus, of Aquapendente
  Harvey’s teacher of anatomy at Padua, xiv
  his views on the heart and lungs, 9
   pulmonary veins, 18
  his anatomical work, 23
  discovered the valves of the veins, 78
Finch, Heneage
  Harvey’s cousin, advised him as to his will, 214
  witness to codicil of Harvey’s will, 217
Fish
  experiment on gill vessels of, 28
  observations on the heart of, 33
  the heart of, has only one ventricle, 42
  auricles of the heart of, 103
Florence
  Harvey refers to his visits to, 185, 194
   and three of his nephews, 199
Flourens
  on Harvey’s work, viii
Foramen ovale
  of heart of fœtus, 20, 44
  its significance in fœtal life, 47, 98
Frankfort-on-Main
  Harvey’s treatise on the Heart and Blood first published there, xv
Fuliginous vapours
  views of the ancients on, ix, 10, 11, 17

G
Galen
  high regard in which he was held by mediævalists, vii
  on the object of the pulse, 9
  his experiment to show arteries contain only blood, 12
  his experiment to prove arteries expand like bellows, and controverted by Harvey, 14
  his experiment of dividing the trachea of a dog, 18
  on the beat of the auricles, 32
  quotations from, on movement of the blood, 40, 41
  aware of the use of the semilunar valves, 51, 52
  believed blood passed from right ventricle into the lungs, 53
  on the structure of the heart, 105
  his experiment on an artery, 134
   performed and disproved by Harvey, 135
Galileo
  at Padua with Harvey, vii, xiv
  as a pioneer in scientific discovery, viii
Generation of Animals
  Harvey’s treatise on, its publication, xx
  interesting points in, xxi
  Harvey refers to his work on the, 177
  Quotation from, on the Acquisition of Knowledge, xix

H
Haller
  on Harvey’s discovery, xiii
Harvey
  as a pioneer in scientific discovery, viii
  greatness of his discovery, viii, ix
  his life, xiii et seq.
  his views on controversy, xviii, 133
  on the manner of acquiring knowledge, xix
  his treatise on Generation, xxi, 177
  his statue, xxii
  oration in his memory, xxii
  his brother Eliab, xxiii, 212, 219
  his various works, xxiv
  on the pursuit of truth, 7
  describes how his discovery was received, 23
  his letters, 175 et seq.
  on the use of terms, 182
  his will, 212
Heart
  ideas about the, before the time of Harvey, ix
  object of its beat connected with Respiration by old anatomists, 9
  movements of the, 24
  contracts and becomes paler at its beat, 24, 25
  does not suck in the blood, 27
  the auricles and ventricles of the, their movements, 31
  the auricles of the, the primum vivens, ultimum moriens, 34
  observations on the heart of the chick, 34, 36
  always has auricles or something analogous, 35
  of a shrimp, its movements studied, 36
  movements of, summarised, 37
  intimate connection of lungs and, a grand cause of error to the old observers, 39
  of fish, has only one ventricle, 42
  great vessels of the, in the embryo, 44
  foramen ovale of the, in the fœtus, 44, 98, 165
  of embryo, pulsation, etc., known to Aristotle, 45
  compared figuratively to the sun, 57
  amount of blood ejected at each beat of the, 59
  of a live snake, observations on, 65
  influenced by emotions, 87
   curious case of distended heart under emotion, 156
  coronary vessels of, 88
  only organ containing blood for general use, 88
  structure of the, in different classes of animals confirms the circulation, 97
  papillary muscles and chordæ tendineæ of, 99
  arrangement and use of the valves of the, 100
  the heart a muscle and acts as such, so called by Hippocrates, 104
  development of the, in the fœtus, 104
  arrangement of the fibres of, 105
  the first part which exists, 105
  high importance of the, in the bodily economy, 105
  distension of, after hanging, 154
  Sir Robert Darcy’s case of ruptured, 155
  receives heat from the blood, 167
  innate heat of, suggested as cause of the pulse, 168
  of the fish, observations of motions of the, 169
Hippocrates
  entitled the heart a muscle, 104
  his doctrine as to the constitution of the body, 142
Hobbes
  on the reception of Harvey’s discovery, xvii
Hofmann, Caspar
  letter of Harvey to, 175
Horst, J. D.
  letters of Harvey to, 195, 197
Huxley, Prof. T. H.
  on Harvey’s treatise on Generation, xxi

J
Jugular vein
  Experiment of dividing the, in the fallow deer, to show course of the contained blood, 153

K
King, The. See Charles I.

L
Lacteals
  discovered by Aselli, 117, 186
  Harvey refers to the researches of Aselli and Pecquet on the, 186
  Harvey discusses the, in a letter to R. Morison, 187, 188
Lamentius, Andreas
  quoted by Harvey, 20, 22
Lennox, Duke of
  Harvey accompanied him abroad, xxii
Letters
  of Harvey, 173 et seq.
Ligature
  of veins near the heart, 65
  assuming circulation, action and use of ligatures readily understood, 67, 68
  of vena cava, 129, 172
  of pulmonary veins, 165
  of vena portæ, 171
Liver
  absorbed food passes through the, 49
  absorbed chyle passes through the, 92
  in the fœtus, 92
  nature of blood brought to, 94
  chyle transferred to, by mesenteric vessels, 118
Lungs
  speculation on changes in the blood passing through the, 48
  blood cooled on passing through the, 122, 145
  course of blood through the, shown by an experiment on the body of a man recently hanged, 177

M
Malpighi
  the first to observe the capillaries, xvi
Medical Observations
  Harvey refers to his, 157, 158, 171
Medicines
  externally applied confirm the circulation, 91
Mesentery
  bloodvessels of, 94, 115
  Harvey combats Riolan’s denial of circulation in vessels of the, 115
   Harvey suggests an experiment to convince him, 171
  valves in the mesenteric veins, 116
  veins of, transfer chyle to the liver, 118
Metamorphosis
  doctrine of, contrasted with that of Epigenesis, xxi
Mitral Valve
  references to, 17, 101
  Aristotle’s error regarding the, 101
Morison, R.
  letter of Harvey to, 185
Movement
  of the heart, 24, 36
  of the auricles and ventricles, 31
  of the heart summarised, 37
  of the blood from veins to arteries, 42
  of the blood in the fœtus, 44
   lower animals, 43
   is circular, 58
  of the blood in the veins aided by the circumjacent muscles, 116
Muscle
  the heart a, and so called by Hippocrates, 104

N
Nardi, John, of Florence
  letters of Harvey to, 184, 193, 199
Nutrition of the Tissues
  connection of the, with the circulation, 119

O
Oration, Harveian
  founded by Harvey, delivered annually at the College of Physicians, xxii

P
Padua
  Harvey and Galileo there together, vii, xiv
  famous for its university, xiv
  Harvey studies medicine at, xiv
Parr, Thomas
  anatomical examination of the body of, 207
Pathology
  how best advanced, 112
Pecquet
  Harvey refers to his discovery of the Receptaculum Chyli, 186
  Harvey praises his industry, 196
   See also Lacteals
Phlebotomy
  explained by the circulation, 73
  shows nature of flow of blood in the veins, 154
  influenced by temperature and mental state, 157
Physicians, College of
  Harvey elected a Fellow of the, xv
  Harvey built a Convocation Hall for, and gave books to, xvii
   his treatise dedicated to President and Fellows of, 5
Physiology
  importance of its study, 112
Poisons
  action of, confirmatory of the circulation, 90
Pulmonary Artery
  formerly supposed to carry nourishment to lungs, 17
  why coats of, thinner than those of aorta, 107
  transmits far more blood than required for nutrition, 108
Pulmonary Circulation
  speculation as to its use, 48
  follows from continual passage of blood from right ventricle to lungs, and from lungs to left ventricle, 54
  course of, shown in body of a man recently hanged, 177
Pulmonary Veins
  ancient views regarding their function, 17
Pulse
  caused by contraction of the ventricle, 29
  due to the impulse or shock of the blood, 30
  Aristotle on the, 30
  found in all parts of the body, 121
  not inherent in walls of arteries, 135
  in an artery beyond an aneurism, 135
  in an artery beyond an ossified portion, 137
  illustrated by experiment with dried intestine of a dog, 152
  cause of, in arteries near the heart, 163

R
Rabies
  how confirmatory of the circulation, 90
Riolan, John, Jun.
  controversy with Harvey, xix
  quoted on the movements of the heart, 31
  Harvey’s First Disquisition addressed to, 109
  presented a copy of his work to Harvey, 111
  his views on the circulation, 113
  denies the mesenteric circulation, 115
  favoured view that septum of heart is permeable, 123
  Harvey’s Second Disquisition to, 131

S
Scarborough, Dr.
  a friend to whom Harvey left his surgical instruments, 216
   and his velvet gown, 218
  directed by Harvey’s will to present to College of Physicians his books and collections, 216
Science
  dependent on pre-existing knowledge of more obvious things, 160
Semilunar Valves
  references to, 16, 45
  Galen aware of their use, 51
  function to prevent regurgitation, 116, 153
Senses
  facts cognisable by, wait on no opinion, 150
  importance of appealing to the, 158, 159
  Aristotle on trusting to the, 160
Septum of the Heart
  Cæsalpinus thought it permeable, xii
  Harvey on the view that it is porous, 19, 20
  Riolan believed it porous, 123
Servetus, Michael
  gave a description of the pulmonary circulation, x
  curious history of his work containing it, xi
Shrimp
  movements of the heart of a, 36
Sigmoid Valves
  See Semilunar
Silvius, Jacobus
  discovered the valves of the veins according to Riolan, 78
Simon, Sir John
  on Harvey’s discovery, ix
Slegel, P. M.
  letter of Harvey to, 176
Snake
  observations of heart and bloodvessels of a live, 65
Spirits
  views of the ancients regarding, ix
  arteries supposed to contain, by Erasistratus, 140
  the common subterfuge of ignorance, 141
  three kinds of, admitted by the medical schools, 141
  not distinct from the blood, 143, 146
Spleen
  bloodvessels connected with the, 94
  vein of, has a valve, 116
Systole and Diastole
  of arteries as of heart, 138
  constitute the pulse, 163
  observations on, 170

T
Transmission of Disease
  discussed, 193
Tricuspid Valve
  referred to, 16, 101, 153

U
Umbilical Vein
  function of, 118

V
Valves
  semilunar, 16, 45, 116, 153
  tricuspid, 16, 101, 153
  mitral, 17
  Galen on valve of pulmonary artery, 51
  of the veins discovered by Fabricius or Silvius, 78
  of veins, their structure, arrangement, and use of, 78, 80
  Fabricius did not understand use of valves of veins, 79
  of veins compared with sigmoid valves, 82
  experiments on the arm to show action of the, and how the blood moves in the veins, 82, 84
  not found in all veins, 116
  of the mesenteric veins, 116
  coronary vein has a valve at its orifice, 125
Veins
  pulmonary, ancient views regarding their position, 17
  near the heart, experiment of ligaturing the, 65
  of the arm, experiment on with bandages, 82, 84
  coronary, 88
  of the mesentery, the function of the, 118
  umbilical, function of, 118
  coronary vein has a valve at its orifice, 125
  experiment on, by cooling the arm, 168
  valves of the. See Valves
Vena cava
  of snake, experiment upon the, 65
  experiment of tying, near the heart, 129
Vena portæ
  blood passes from the, through the liver, 118
  its branches, 128
  Harvey suggests the experiment of ligaturing it, 171
Ventricle
  no right ventricle if no lung, 15, 54
  the left, the principal part of the heart, 98
  the left, three times thicker than the right, 100
  case of rupture of the, 155
Ventricles
  structure of both, almost identical, 15
  both contract simultaneously, 19
  movements and use of the, 37
  in the fœtal heart, 98
  valves of the, 100
Vesalius
  the “Father of Anatomy”, x
  Professor of Anatomy at Padua, xiv
  did not properly understand the heart’s motion, 26
  refers to Galen’s experiment on an artery, 135
  wrong in his interpretation of Galen’s experiment, 138
Vlackveld, John
  letter of Harvey to, 200

W
Warmth
  felt in the hand on loosening bandage on the arm, 69
  restored to parts chilled by the influx of blood, 121, 146
Will
  of Harvey drawn up by Heneage Finch, 212, 214
  proved by Eliab Harvey, 219
  legacies by, to Drs. Scarborough and Ent, 216
Wolff, Caspar
  Harvey as forerunner of, xxi