- Accounting, (uniform) in Ohio, 122;
- significance of better, 181, 184-185;
- unit cost, 185
- Administration, scientific, 181-192
- Advertising (political), as a source of patronage, 53;
- see also County press
- Agricultural associations, importance in rural life, 203
- Alabama, origin of county system in, 21;
- county officers elective in, 29;
- report of prison inspector quoted, 92;
- lack of accounting law in, 122;
- county local option in, 150
- Alameda County, Cal., work of Tax Association in, 7;
- home rule charter proposed in, 81-149;
- classification as an urban county, 154;
- map of, diagram of proposed federation of, 161-162;
- savings effected through better purchasing methods in, 189;
- recommendations as to purchasing methods in, 190
- Almshouse, description of early, 82, 83;
- insane in, 87, 137-138;
- in Westchester County, 200-201;
- a Texas, 266-273;
- see South
- American Judicature Society, proposals for county judiciary of, 131
- American Revolution, influence of its philosophy on local government institutions, 25
- Appointive power, lack of, in county, 30
- Appointive system, workings of, in eastern states, 30
- Appointments, new method employed in Westchester County, N. Y., 201
- Arizona, uniform accounting law in, 122
- Arkansas, lack of accounting law in, 122
- Assessment and taxation, county as a unit of, 125;
- state control over, 126
- Assessors, functions of, in New Jersey, 27;
- elective officers since 1693, 28;
- local selection of, 108-109
- Auditing, significance of better, 181; 187 et seq.
- Auditor, importance of independence of, 188
- Automobile, effect on rural life and government, 23
- Ballot, insignificance of county officers on, in many cases, 44
- Baltimore, abolition of county government in, 153;
- classification as an urban county, 154
- Board of Chosen Freeholders, powers reduced in Hudson County, N. J., 38
- Board of Supervisors, clerks of, in New York, appear before constitutional convention, 3;
- function in fiscal administration of, 14;
- duty of, in law enforcement, 132-133;
- how constituted in ideal county, 171;
- text of provisions in Los Angeles County charter concerning, 220-223;
- see also Governing body
- Boroughs, proposed division of Alameda County, Cal., into, 160
- Boston, city-county consolidation in, 158;
- metropolitan district compared to London, 164
- Boundaries (county), made obsolete by conditions of modern life, 23;
- power to change county, 113;
- necessity for relocation of, 153
- Boyle, Prof. John A., on reporting and accounting laws, 122
- Bramhall, F. D, on obscurity of urban counties, 65
- Bridges, frauds in building of, 77;
- awarding of contracts for, 98-99;
- awarding of contracts for, in Polk County, Iowa, 100;
- see Roads and bridges
- Bronx County, N. Y., formation of, 24
- Budget, importance of adequate county executive in making of, 176;
- nature of, 177;
- significance of better, 181;
- accounting basis for, 185-187
- Buffalo, N. Y., relation to county, 154;
- see Erie County
- Bureau of Inspection, etc., in Ohio, 121
- Bureau of Public Efficiency, (Chicago), on special county legislation, 116
- Butte County (Cal.), charter of, 149
- California, extent of merit system in counties of, 52;
- county legislation in, 115;
- uniform accounting law in, 122;
- salary of county judges in, 130;
- highway progress and plans in, 142;
- success of municipal home rule in, 146;
- county home rule in, 145-147;
- county libraries in, 199, 207-219;
- see also Alameda County, Los Angeles County, San Francisco County, Assessors
- Cartwright, Otho G., quoted, 176
- Charities, State Board of, in New York, 128;
- modern methods in administration of, 136;
- gradual abandonment of county as unit for administration of, 138
- Chicago, candidates for county offices voted for in, 62;
- law enforcement in, 106;
- county government in, 114;
- see also Cook County, Ill.
- Chief medical examiner (in New York City), 134;
- text of law, 257-265
- Children, prohibition against commitment to almshouses, 83;
- injustice done to destitute, under New York poor laws, 85;
- treatment of, in Westchester County, 202
- Cincinnati, Ohio, proposals for city-county consolidation in, 152
- Cities, reconstructive forces in American, 1;
- greater need for government in, 151;
- consolidation with counties, 151-167;
- importance solving the county problem of, 167;
- commission government in, 169
- Citizenship (rural), 194
- Civil Service, slow growth of reform in counties, 52;
- state control over, 126-127;
- in Los Angeles County, Cal., 172-173, 231-239
- Clerk of Court, duties of, 13;
- relation to the bench, 135;
- see County Clerk
- Cleveland, Ohio, county government in, 114;
- proposal for city-county consolidation in, 152;
- relation to county, 154
- Clinton County, N. Y., (County “B”), irregularities in county offices of, 72-73
- Colorado, establishment of counties in, 22;
- extent of merit system in, 52;
- uniform accounting law in, 122;
- provisions in constitution of, affecting Denver, 155
- Commission plan of city government, 169
- Commissioner of Charities and Correction, 202
- Commissioners (county) in Pennsylvania, 28
- Commitments to almshouses,—abuses of, in New York, 85, 200
- Comptroller (state), ineffective as check upon county officers without adequate examining staff, 36
- Connecticut, origin of county in, 9;
- local system of courts in, 12;
- public prosecutor in, 12;
- influence of Massachusetts precedents in, 19;
- convention in, 38;
- appointive judiciary in, 131
- Consolidation (city and county), under California constitution, 149;
- in general, 151-167
- Constables, law enforcement by, in New York State, 107, 138
- Constabulary, Pennsylvania, 140;
- in Los Angeles County charter, 231
- Constitution (state), provisions concerning counties, 112, 115
- Cook County, Ill., President of Board of Commissioners elected by people, 40;
- large fees of treasurer in, 51;
- county commissioners prevent accounting for county treasurer’s fees, 52;
- duplication of local governments in, 63;
- humanitarian functions of, 80, 81;
- prisoners in county jail of, 80;
- insane cared for by, 81;
- dependent children cared for by, 81;
- appropriations for, in 1913, 81
- Coroner, origin of, 13;
- falsity of theory underlying his election, 32;
- fees of, 50;
- failures in urban counties, 59;
- abolition of, proposed, 133;
- appointive, 172;
- see Massachusetts, New York (city).
- Corruption and form of government, 102
- Council, powers of, in Indiana counties, 37
- Council of appointment in New York State, 28
- County, the, treatment of problem in New York constitutional convention, 2, 3;
- popular apathy concerning, 5;
- neglect of, in college courses, and by journalists, 6;
- general statistics concerning, in U. S., 7-8;
- colonial origin of, 9 et seq.;
- legal relation to state government, 10, 11;
- general manner of its development, 22-23;
- decline of, in England, 23;
- unadapted to urban conditions, 24;
- its failure as a humanitarian agency, 92;
- relation to state government, 113, 127, 128;
- power to erect new, 113;
- limitation on powers of, 113;
- misuse of funds by, 120;
- as unit for tax assessment, 125;
- growing importance of, in certain directions, 143;
- superiority over town as tax assessment and collection unit, 144;
- abolishment of, proposed in New York City, 157;
- the ideal, 168
- —— chambers of commerce, 203
- —— clerk, duties of, 13;
- independence of county judge, 130;
- relation to the bench, 135;
- appointment of advocated, 135;
- appointive method of selection of, 171, 172
- ——committee, actual power in selecting county officers, 48;
- basis of party organization, 55
- —— court, consisted of justices of the peace in Virginia, 17;
- its administrative functions in some states, 17;
- jurisdiction of, 129-132;
- see also County Judge, Cook County
- —— custodian, office of, created in a New York county, 5
- —— governments, lack of control over local policies, 15;
- ineffectual in operation owing to lack of unity, 43;
- lack of popular interest in and its effects, 43-44;
- their stereotyped condition in face of new responsibilities, 60;
- at work, 66-79;
- defects in, as affecting highway matters, 95;
- general criticism of, 170
- —— health officers in North Carolina, 195-196
- —— hospital in Westchester County (N. Y.), 202
- —— jail, separate jurisdiction of, in Milwaukee, 62;
- overcrowding of, 91;
- buildings faultily constructed and unsanitary, 91;
- need of publicity concerning, 92;
- in Westchester County (N. Y.), 202;
- insane in, 271-273;
- see also Cook County, Ill.
- —— judge formerly appointed county officers in Tennessee, 28;
- see also New York (state), County Court
- —— libraries, 198-199
- —— lieutenant, militia officer in colonies, 17
- —— manager, proposed, 175;
- probable influence of, 176-177;
- proposed in Oregon, 178;
- in New York, 178-179;
- in Alameda County, Cal., 180;
- text of proposed law providing for, 251-256
- —— officers, duties of, in colonial New England, 18;
- effect of obscurity on, 44;
- effect of divided allegiance upon efficiency of, 68;
- in Los Angeles County, 223-225;
- under Los Angeles County charter, 227-229
- —— physician, in New Jersey functions of, 134;
- in North Carolina, 195
- —— planning in Westchester County, N. Y., 197-198
- —— poor farm in Westchester County, N. Y., 201
- —— prisons, administration of, by counties, 89-92;
- see also County jail
- —— superintendent of schools appointive, 172
- —— surveyor as road master, 96
- —— treasurer, created in Massachusetts, 18;
- see Cook County, Ill.
- Court houses, scandals characteristic of building of, 76;
- in Hudson County, N. J., 74-75
- Courts, differentiation of functions necessary in urban communities, 59;
- see also County Court, local system of, in colonial Connecticut, 12
- Cox, Governor James J., efforts to improve tax assessment system in Ohio, 111
- Cuyahoga County, O., see Cleveland
- Dakota, alternative plans of county government in territory of, 22
- Darke County, O., management of road affairs by board of commissioners, 98
- Dayton, O., city manager plan in, 175
- Defectives, treatment of, in Westchester County, N. Y., 201
- Delaware, lack of accounting law in, 122
- Democracy, spirit of, in early nineteenth century, 25-26
- Denver, selection of sheriff by mayor in, 133;
- classification as an urban county, 154;
- constitutional provisions affecting government of, 155-156;
- commission form of government in, 156;
- power of mayor in, 156;
- unified control in, 174
- Deputy (chief) county officers, importance of, and relation to elective superiors, 50
- Direct primary, doubtful value of, in county government, 48
- District attorney (state), origin of, in colonial Connecticut, 12-13;
- popular interest in, 46;
- elected on false issue of law enforcement, 107-108;
- functions of, 134;
- essentially a local officer, 155;
- see New York (state);
- see also Prosecutor
- District attorney (federal), method of selection contrasted with that of local prosecutors, 33
- Efficiency, Bureau of (in Los Angeles County), 191
- Elective road officials, 96
- Electric railways, effect on rural life and government, 23
- Engineering services, duplication of in Milwaukee, 62
- England, importance of its precedents in colonies, 17
- Erie County, N. Y., form of county government in, 114
- Essex County, N. J., classification as urban county, 154;
- county park system in, 163;
- office of supervisor in, 173-174
- Examiners (state), character of service rendered to local officials, 123
- Executive, how absence of, militates against proper law enforcement, 34-35, 74
- Federation, proposed in Alameda County, Cal., 159-160
- Feeble-minded, removed from county control, 83
- Fees, attraction of, to politician and disposition of, 50-51;
- of coroner, 50;
- theory of system, 51;
- failure of system, 51, 202;
- abolishment of, in Los Angeles County, 173
- Finance, laxity in methods of, 70;
- in bridge construction, 183
- Fire protection, proposed as county function in Alameda County, Cal., 160
- Flaherty v. Milliken, decision in, involving sheriff’s liability, 53
- Florida, uniform accounting law in, 122
- Freeholders, Board of Chosen, (N. J.), 173
- Georgia, uniform accounting law in, 122
- “Good roads” movement, effect on highway administration, 95, 140
- Governing body, ill-adapted for executive functions, 41;
- insufficient control over elective county officers, 41;
- see also Boards of supervisors, Freeholders, Commissioners
- Governor, formerly appointed county officers in Kentucky, 28;
- ineffective control over county officers, 36;
- suggestion that sheriffs be appointed by, 133;
- county officers appointed by, in Massachusetts, 158
- Hamilton County (O.), see Cincinnati
- Haviland, Dr. C. Floyd, on treatment of insane in Pennsylvania, 88
- Health (public), neglected in rural communities, 60;
- beginnings and basic idea of movement for, 83;
- county as a unit for administration of, 143;
- program of, needed in rural sections, under county control, 195
- Highways, as a unifying factor in modern life, 94;
- amount spent in U. S. in 1913, 94;
- growing state control over, 95;
- diminution of county control over, 140 et seq.;
- state aid for, 141;
- see also Roads and bridges
- Home office, relations to county of London, 166
- Home rule (county), 145-150;
- text of provisions in California constitution, 207-218;
- proposed constitutional amendment in New York, 247-250
- Hospital service, duplication of agencies for, in Milwaukee 61;
- see also County hospital
- Hudson County, N. J., court house scandal in, 7;
- boulevard commission in, 38;
- separate powers of commission, 38;
- park system, 39;
- building of court house in, 75;
- classification as urban county, 154;
- supervisor in, 173-174
- Humanitarian functions of county, 80-93
- Idaho, establishment of counties in, 22;
- county local option in, 150
- Illinois, Southern and New England influence on county system of, 21;
- county officers under first constitution of, elective, 28;
- system in, 52;
- insane in penal institutions of, 87;
- report of State Charities Commission on county jails, 91-92;
- Sabbath law enforcement in, 106;
- special county legislation in, 116;
- optional county government forms in, 147;
- see Cook County
- Indiana, origin of county in, 20;
- county officers under first constitution elective, 28;
- county government scandal in 1898, 37;
- powers of county commissioners reduced by establishment of council, 37;
- illegal payments by county officers in, 78;
- law enforcement in, 107;
- uniform reporting in, 122
- Industrial revolution, indirect influence on county government, 23
- Insane, removed from county control, 83;
- care of, by counties, 87-89;
- first hospital for, at Utica, N. Y., 137;
- see Cook County, Ill., New Jersey, Illinois, Louisiana, Pennsylvania
- Institutions (state), see Insane, Penitentiaries, Reformatories, etc.
- Iowa, county township system in, 20;
- methods employed by supervisors in Woodbury County, 76-77;
- bridge lobby in legislature of, 101;
- state control of highways in, 142;
- see Polk County
- Jail, see County jail
- Jersey City (N. J.), see Hudson County, N. J.
- Judiciary (state), relation of county officers to, 129-132;
- importance of reorganization, 131;
- (federal) cited as instance of appointive method of selection, 131
- “Jungle,” the, 34-42
- Justices of the peace, duties of, in colonial Virginia, 17;
- functions in Virginia, 27;
- power to commit children to almshouses in New York State, 85;
- reorganization of, 131;
- jurisdiction of, 132
- Kansas, county-township system in, 20;
- report of roads and highways committee, 101;
- uniform accounting law in, 122
- Kentucky, influence of Virginia upon county organization of, 20;
- county officers made appointive in eighteenth century, 28;
- reaction against appointive system in, 29;
- lack of accounting law in, 122;
- county local option in, 150
- Kings County, N. Y., former office of supervisor-at-large in, 40
- Koochiching County ( Wis.), county health organization in, 196
- Labor, provisions in Los Angeles County charter concerning, 239
- Law enforcement, lax under county officers, 70, 74;
- made a political issue, 107;
- unification of local agencies for, suggested, 133;
- see Nullification
- Leadership, importance of, in county affairs, 176
- Legislation (county), uniformity in, 112
- Legislative representation, often based upon county, 56
- Lewis, O. F., on county jails in New York, 91
- Libraries, see County libraries
- Local government, restricted functions of, in early nineteenth century, 27;
- new burdens placed upon, as result of congestion of population, 58
- London, functions of county of, 165;
- County Council an example of county government unification, 164-166
- Long ballot, its effect on organization of county government, 34;
- contributions of county to, 62
- Los Angeles County, Cal., charter of, 61, 149, 172, 219, et seq.;
- county candidates on ballot of, 62;
- civil service in, 191;
- public defender in, 200
- Louisiana, police jury in, 21;
- insane in parish jails, 87;
- uniform accounting law in, 122;
- county local option in, 150
- Macy, V. Everit, on operation of poor law in New York State, 84-85;
- superintendent of the poor, 200-203
- Madison, James, influence in favor of retaining original county system in Virginia, 29
- Mail facilities, effect on rural life and government, 24
- Maine, influence of Massachusetts precedents in, 19;
- lack of accounting law in, 122
- Marshall, John, influence in favor of retaining original Virginia county system, 29
- Marshals, U. S., method of selection contrasted with that of sheriff, 33, 133
- Maryland, county government, 19;
- lack of accounting law in, 122;
- highway progress in, 142;
- county libraries in, 199
- Massachusetts, origin and early history of county in, 9;
- spoils system in, 52;
- county prisons in, 90;
- uniform accounting law in, 122;
- abolition of coroner’s office in, 133;
- leader in establishing state penal institutions, 137;
- reform institutions in, 137;
- state aid in highway construction in, 142;
- metropolitan district of, 154
- Medical examiner, suggested as a substitute for coroner, 60;
- in Massachusetts, 133;
- see also Chief medical examiner
- Medical referee (in New Hampshire), 134
- Michigan, township-supervisor system in, 20;
- uniform accounting law in, 122;
- state penitentiary in, 137;
- county local option in, 150
- Middle West, insane in almshouses, 87-88;
- New England influences in, 104
- Milwaukee, Wis., report of City Club of, regarding city and county offices, 61;
- county government in, 114;
- proposals for city-county consolidation in, 152;
- relations to county, 154
- Minnesota, alternative plans of county government in, 22;
- uniform accounting law in, 122;
- county local option in, 150;
- county libraries in, 199
- Mississippi, origin of county system in, 21;
- county officers elective in, 29;
- lack of accounting law in, 122
- Missouri, county-township system in, 20;
- alternative plans of, county organization in, 21;
- county officers elective in, 29;
- poor law and almshouse administration in, 86;
- equalization of taxes in, 110;
- lack of accounting law in, 122;
- county libraries in, 199
- Monroe County, N. Y., absence of road records in, 98
- Montana, establishment of counties in, 22;
- county local option in, 150
- Mosquito Commission, in Hudson County, N. J., 39
- Nassau County, N. Y., work of County Association in, 7;
- recommendations of official commission in, for county home rule, 148
- National Municipal League, its report on city-county consolidation, 153, 154
- Nebraska, alternative plans of county organization in, 21;
- activity of bridge builders in legislature of, 102;
- county libraries in, 199
- Nevada, uniform accounting law in, 122
- New England, influences operating on local government in, 17;
- formation of first counties in, 18;
- county-town relations in, 143
- New Hampshire, limited powers of commissioners in, 37-38;
- convention, powers and duties of, 38;
- lack of accounting law in, 122;
- appointive judiciary in, 131
- New Jersey, local assessors in, 19;
- office of supervisor in, 39-40;
- law affecting sheriff’s appointments, 52;
- extent of merit system in counties of, 52;
- insane in penal institutions of, 87;
- county legislation in, 115-116;
- state civil service regulation in, 127;
- the surrogate in, 130;
- appointive judiciary in, 131;
- optional county government forms in, 147;
- see Essex County, Hudson County
- New Mexico, establishment of county system in, 22;
- uniform accounting law in, 122
- New York (city), special legislation for counties of, 117;
- abolition of coroners in, 134;
- city-county consolidation proposals in, 152;
- extent of city-county consolidation in, 156-157;
- metropolitan district compared to London, 164
- New York (county), large fees of sheriff in, 51
- New York (state), counties of, discussed in constitutional convention, 2-3;
- supervisors in towns of, 19;
- elective method applied to sheriffs and county clerks in, 29;
- district attorneys and county judges made elective in, 29;
- extent of merit system in counties of, 52;
- legal relation of sheriff to his deputies in, 52-53;
- requirements as to county advertising, 53;
- almshouses in, 82;
- improvement of condition of poor in, 84;
- New England influences in, 104;
- enforcement of anti-racing laws in, 106;
- under-assessment of taxes by local officers, 109;
- equalization of taxes in, 110;
- county law in, 114;
- uniform reporting law in, 121;
- civil service regulation in, 127;
- State Board of Charities, its jurisdiction, 128;
- comptroller, his powers over county officers in, 128;
- the surrogate in, 130;
- state prisons in, 137;
- first state reformatory in, 137;
- “state” poor in, 138;
- committee on State Police, 139;
- highway control in, 142;
- County Government Association, its recommendations concerning county home rule, 148;
- metropolitan district of, 154;
- proposal for county manager in, 178;
- classification of county accounts in, 184;
- public health movement in, 195;
- county libraries in, 199;
- see also Erie County, Kings County, Monroe County, Orange County, Nassau County, Prison Assn., Westchester County
- New York Times, its proposals for abolishment of counties in New York State, 152
- Niagara County, N. Y., district attorney quoted concerning rural post office robberies, 138
- Niagara Falls, N. Y., city manager plan in, 175
- North Carolina, influence of Virginia precedents on, 19;
- lack of accounting law in, 123;
- public health movement in, 195;
- county physicians in, 195;
- home-study clubs in, 204-205
- North Dakota, accounting and reporting legislation in, 122
- Northwest, importance of county as unit of government in, 22;
- New England influences in, 104
- Nullification, 104-111
- Ohio, county-township system in, 20;
- county officers in first constitution elective, 28;
- extent of merit system in counties of, 52;
- pioneer in county reporting, 121-122;
- state penitentiary in, 137;
- highway progress in, 142;
- county libraries in, 198-199;
- see Cleveland, Cincinnati, Darke County
- Oklahoma, uniform accounting law in, 122;
- public defender in, 199
- Omaha, long ballot in, owing to elective county officers, 63
- Orange County, N. Y., (County “A”), irregularities of officers of, 70-71
- Ordinance of 1787, county officers under, appointive, 28
- Oregon, establishment of counties in, 22;
- county local option in, 150;
- proposal for county manager in, 178;
- county libraries in, 199
- Parks, county system in Essex County, N. J., 163
- Party, organization, importance of county as unit of, 55;
- baneful effects upon county administration, 191
- Payments, frequency of illegal, 188
- Pennsylvania, commissioners in, 19;
- party organization in, 55;
- care of dependent children in, 86-87;
- treatment of insane in, 88-89;
- state constabulary in, 140
- Pennybacker, J. E., on highways, 140 et seq.
- Philadelphia, classification as an urban county, 154
- Personnel, importance and limitations of, as factor in good government, 67;
- administrative, 191;
- see Civil service
- Police, proposed as county function in Alameda County, Cal., 160;
- see Constabulary
- Police functions, county officers unable to perform, in complex communities, 58
- Political boss, origin of, in county government, 47-48
- Polk County, Iowa, awarding of bridge contracts in, 100
- Poor, care of, entrusted to county governments, 14-15;
- former treatment and present scientific handling of, 82;
- superintendents of, in N. Y. State, powers of, 85;
- overseers of, in N. Y. State, commitments by, 85;
- importance of records concerning, 190;
- administration of laws dealing with, 200;
- see Missouri, N. Y. State, Pennsylvania
- Poverty, prevention of, 201
- Press (county), small circulation, lack of independence, 54;
- need for improving, 194
- Prison Association, in New York State, secretary of, quoted, 91
- Prisoners, classification of, 83, 84;
- jurisdiction of county over, 90;
- classification of, systematically violated, 91;
- transfer of certain classes of, to state institutions advocated, 136-137
- Probation, importance of records concerning, 190
- Professional politicians, great opportunity of, in obscurity of county government, 47
- Prosecutor, appointment of, advocated, 135;
- see District attorney
- Public defender, the, 199-200
- Public Efficiency Society, work of, in Cook County, Ill., 7
- Publicity, importance in county affairs of, 182
- Purchasing, duplication of systems in Milwaukee, 62;
- significance of better methods of, 181;
- agent, 189;
- consolidation of local agencies for, 190, 200, 201
- Qualifications (legal) of county officers, lack of, 50
- Quick, Herbert, on county government in Iowa, 76-77;
- characterization of county government by, 194
- Race track legislation, enforcement of, by local county officers, 106-107
- Readjustments of county system, 129-144
- Recall, provisions in Los Angeles County charter concerning, 240-244
- Reconstruction, of county government, 168-180;
- formula for, 169
- Recorder, appointive, 172
- Records, usual lack of, in road management by counties, 98;
- in Westchester County almshouse, 200-201
- Reporting, importance of uniform, 121
- Responsibility, lack of in organization of judiciary, 131;
- necessity for fixing in counties, 170-171
- Rhode Island, origin of county in, 9;
- influence of Massachusetts institutions in, 19;
- sheriffs appointed by legislature in, 29;
- lack of accounting law in, 123
- Roads and bridges, 94-103;
- under Los Angeles County charter, 229-231
- Rochester, N. Y., proposals for city-county consolidations in, 152
- Rural politics, influence of county press on, 55
- Rural voter, civic capacity of, 44, 170
- St. Louis County (Mo.), city-county consolidation in, 153
- Salmon, Dr. Thomas W., on county almshouse care of insane, 89
- San Bernardino County, Cal., adoption and amendment of county charter in, 30, 31, 149
- San Francisco, classification as an urban county, 154;
- city-county consolidation in, 158-159
- Saxon kingdoms, the original of English counties, 23
- Secor, Alson, on bridge lobby at Des Moines, 101-102
- Sectionalism, stimulated by governmental organization in some states, 97
- Selectmen, functions in colonial Virginia, 16;
- functions of, in New England, 27
- Sheriff, maladministration of, in a central N. Y. county, 4;
- historical origin of, 11;
- court duties of, 12;
- duties of, in Virginia, 17;
- elective officer in Pennsylvania since 1726, 28;
- in New Jersey after Revolution, 28;
- falsity of theory underlying his election, 32;
- large fees of, in New York County, 51;
- appointing power restricted in New Jersey, 52;
- relation to deputies according to N. Y. courts, 52-53;
- principal police agency in early local governments, 58;
- conflict with other police agencies, 60, 61;
- limitations as jail keeper, 90;
- as enforcer of state laws in N. Y. State, 107;
- imperfectly controlled by county judge, 130;
- functions as court officer discussed, 132;
- suggestion that governor appoint, 133;
- inability of, in dealing with crime, 139;
- encroachment upon functions of, by Department of Correction in N. Y. City, 157;
- appointive method of selection of, proposed, 171;
- importance of records of, 190;
- see Rhode Island
- Short ballot, the basic principle of county reconstruction, 169-170;
- meaning of, 181
- Solicitor, see District Attorney
- South, development of county in, 9;
- the insane in county almshouses of, 87
- South Carolina, influence of Virginia precedents on, 19;
- lack of accounting law in, 123;
- appointive judiciary in, 131
- Southwest, importance of county as unit of local government in, 22
- Special legislation, testimony of county officer concerning, in N. Y. constitutional convention, 4
- State constitutions, provisions of, concerning counties, 112
- —— control in taxation, 126
- —— examiners in Ohio, 121
- —— government, stiffening hold on highway matters, 95;
- influence in county affairs, 112-119
- —— legislatures, power over counties, 112
- —— party organization, built upon county units, 55
- —— supervision of accounts recommended, 185
- State’s attorney, see District Attorney
- Suffolk County, Mass., see Boston
- Suffolk County, N. Y., work of Taxpayers Assn. in, 7
- Superintendent of the poor, appointive method of selection proposed, 171
- Supervisor (town), functions of, in N. Y., 27;
- elective officers in N. Y. since 1691, 28;
- in Hudson County, N. J., 40;
- influence in road affairs, 97;
- see Board of supervisors, Essex County and Hudson County, N. J.
- Surrogate, jurisdiction of, in probate matters, 130
- Surveyor, appointive, 172;
- see County surveyor
- System (of government), importance of, as contrasted with personnel, 66, 74, 78
- Tammany Hall, its influence exercised through control of county offices, 55
- Tax administration, inappropriateness of town as unit for, 144;
- dual system of, in California, 160
- —— collector, appointive, 172
- —— laws, nullification of, by local officers, 108
- Taylor, Graham, on humanitarian functions of county, 80-81
- Tehama County (Cal.), charter of, 149
- Telephone, effect on rural life and government, 24
- Tennessee, influence of early Virginia precedents on county government, 20;
- county officers of, made appointive, 28;
- uniform accounting law in, 122
- Texas, American county system established in, 22;
- lack of accounting law in, 123;
- county local option in, 150
- Town, dominant idea in local government of New England, 17;
- relation of county to, in New England, 143;
- inappropriateness of, for performance of certain functions, 143-144
- Township officers in Los Angeles County charter, 225-227
- Treasurer, elective in Massachusetts, 27;
- appointive, 172;
- see county treasurer
- Tuberculosis, effect upon general public health movement of fight against, 195
- Turnpike companies, as road builders and operators, 94
- Uniformity in county legislation, 112 et seq.
- Urban communities, growth of, 57
- Urban counties, 57-65
- Utah, establishment of counties in, 22;
- lack of accounting law in, 123
- Vermont, lack of accounting law in, 123
- Virginia, origin of counties of, 16;
- constitutional convention, discussion concerning local government in, 29;
- reaction against appointive system of, 29;
- lack of accounting law in, 123;
- highway progress in, 142;
- independent cities of, 153
- Westchester County, work of Research Bureau, 7;
- patronage in political advertising, 53-54;
- recommendations of official commission in, for county home rule, 148;
- auditing practices in, 184;
- discrepancies between estimates, etc., for poor relief in, 184;
- see County planning, V. Everit Macy
- Westchester County Chamber of Commerce, its activities in county planning, 197;
- in activities for better county government, 204
- Westchester County Research Bureau, statement concerning budget making, 186-187
- Western Reserve, New England influences in, 20, 104
- West Virginia, uniform accounting law in, 122
- Wisconsin, compromise plan of county government, township system in, 21;
- spoils system in, 52;
- provisions for county graduate nurse in, 196;
- county libraries in, 199
- Wyoming, auditing system in, 122;
- county libraries in, 199