Table 3.—Composition of Trimming Stock Pulps Contd.

Sample No.	Ratio of pulp solids to filtrate solids	Insoluble solids in total solids	Sugar in solids of liquor	Acid in solids of liquor	Ratio of acid to sugar
		_Per cent_	_Per cent_	_Per cent_
1470	1.241	...	53.5	7.6	7.0
1471	1.233	...	53.2	7.7	6.9
1470-1	1.203	...	...	...	...
1470-2	1.203	...	...	...	...
1470-3	1.201	...	...	...	...
1470-4	1.197	...	...	...	...
1471-1	1.184	...	...	...	...
1471-2	1.184	...	...	...	...
1471-3	1.218	...	...	...	...
1471-4	1.203	...	...	...	...
1572	1.109	...	...	...	...
1573	1.117	12.8	...	...	...
1574	1.109	11.4	...	...	...
1575	1.175	13.3	...	...	...
1662(b)	1.042	3.7	...	...	...
1664(c)	1.040	4.7	...	...	...
1665	1.123	14.3	...	...	...
701	1.140	14.7	54.8	7.0	7.8
703(d)	1.022	2.4	55.9	7.0	8.0
705	1.220	18.6	50.4	6.2	8.0
706	1.145	11.7	48.3	6.3	7.6

(a) Determined by drying in vacuo at 70° C.
(b) Unconcentrated tomato juice from peeling table.
(c) No. 1662 concentrated.
(d) Clear liquor separated from unconcentrated pulp on standing.
(e) Expressed as invert.

Table 4.—Comparison of Methods for the Determination and Calculation of
Solids in Whole Tomato Pulp

Sample No.	Solids in liquor from filtered pulp
	By drying _in vacuo_ at 70° C.	Calculated from--
		Immersion refractometer reading	Specific gravity(1)	Specific gravity(2)
	_Per cent_	_Per cent_	_Per cent_	_Per cent_
1290	5.24	5.31	5.35	5.35
1291	5.71	5.67	5.78	5.80
1292	4.88	4.87	4.85	4.85
1293	6.28	6.21	6.33	6.35
1294	5.82	5.79	5.87	5.89
1295	7.69	7.67	7.82	7.82
1296	8.05	7.88	...	...
1297	10.27	10.27	10.25	10.26
1299	9.09	9.06	9.05	9.06
1300	6.88	6.91	6.98	6.99
1301	6.68	6.59	...	...
1302	6.61	6.64	6.73	6.74
1303	7.29	7.34	7.42	7.43
1304	6.20	6.16	6.30	6.30
1305	7.98	7.98	...	...
1306	8.01	8.05	...	...
1307	6.97	6.96	7.08	7.08
1481	9.64	9.67	9.68	9.68
1482	9.86	9.81	9.70	9.71
1483	10.19	10.21	10.15	10.14
1484	9.23	9.15	9.10	9.11
1485	7.73	7.64	7.63	7.64
1479	8.96	9.03	8.87	8.88
1486	3.76	...	3.62	3.63
1491	4.40	4.44	4.30	4.32
1496	7.31	7.39	7.30	7.31
1515	7.61	7.70	7.60	7.61
1529	4.54	4.52	4.47	4.49
1530	5.42	5.32	5.30	5.31
1531	6.27	6.25	6.27	6.28
1325	6.99	7.13	...	...

Table 4.—Comparison of Methods for the Determination and Calculation of
Solids in Whole Tomato Pulp Contd.

Sample No.	Solids in whole pulp
	By drying _in vacuo_ at 70° C.	Calculated from immersion refractometer reading	Calculated from specific gravity of--
			Filtered liquor[3]	Whole pulp	Filtered liquor[4)
	_Per cent_	_Per cent_	_Per cent_	_Per cent_	_Per cent_
1290	5.94	5.95	6.00	5.97	5.99
1291	6.54	6.36	6.48	6.47	6.50
1292	5.50	5.47	5.44	5.52	5.43
1293	7.02	6.96	7.10	6.98	7.11
1294	6.48	6.49	6.58	6.45	6.60
1295	8.67	8.59	8.77	8.63	8.76
1296	9.00	8.83	...	9.11	...
1297	11.20	11.50	11.47	11.20	11.49
1299	10.07	10.15	10.14	10.02	10.15
1300	7.70	7.75	7.82	7.68	7.83
1301	7.36	7.38	...	7.43	...
1302	7.45	7.44	7.54	7.40	7.55
1303	8.17	8.23	8.33	8.12	8.32
1304	6.88	6.90	7.06	6.95	7.06
1305	9.03	8.94	...	8.88	...
1306	8.95	9.02	...	8.86	...
1307	7.86	7.81	7.93	7.83	7.93
1481	10.82	10.83	10.84	10.80	10.84
1482	10.83	10.98	10.86	10.70	10.88
1483	11.21	11.43	11.36	11.17	11.36
1484	10.27	10.25	10.19	10.17	10.20
1485	8.55	8.56	8.55	8.30	8.56
1479	10.00	10.10	9.94	9.88	9.85
1486	4.34	...	4.05	3.90	4.07
1491	4.97	4.97	4.82	4.62	4.84
1496	8.27	8.28	8.18	8.15	8.29
1515	8.56	8.63	8.52	8.40	8.52
1529	5.11	5.06	5.01	4.90	5.03
1530	6.21	5.97	5.94	5.97	5.95
1531	7.17	7.01	7.04	6.92	7.03
1325	7.86	7.99	...	7.81	...

(1) From formula on page 30.
(2) The solution factor of O’Sullivan (J. Chem. Soc., 1876, p. 129) was employed with slight
modification. The formula employed was 1000(d - 1000) / 4.35 = per cent solids. In this formula
d = specific gravity of solution at 20° C.
(3) From formula on page 31.
(4) For these figures the formula of footnote 2 was employed and the results multiplied by 1.12

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
3.42	3.15	1.0150	3.05	2.71	26.9	1.0133
3.47	3.20	1.0152	3.10	2.75	27.1	1.0136
3.53	3.25	1.0155	3.15	2.80	27.3	1.0138
3.58	3.30	1.0157	3.20	2.85	27.5	1.0140
3.64	3.35	1.0159	3.25	2.89	27.7	1.0142
3.70	3.41	1.0161	3.30	2.93	27.9	1.0144
3.76	3.46	1.0163	3.35	2.97	28.1	1.0146
3.81	3.51	1.0166	3.40	3.02	28.3	1.0149
3.87	3.56	1.0168	3.45	3.07	28.6	1.0151
3.92	3.61	1.0170	3.50	3.11	28.8	1.0153
3.98	3.67	1.0172	3.55	3.15	29.0	1.0155
4.03	3.72	1.0174	3.60	3.20	29.2	1.0157
4.09	3.77	1.0177	3.65	3.24	29.4	1.0160
4.15	3.82	1.0179	3.70	3.28	29.6	1.0162
4.20	3.87	1.0181	3.75	3.33	29.8	1.0164
4.26	3.93	1.0183	3.80	3.38	30.0	1.0166
4.31	3.98	1.0185	3.85	3.42	30.3	1.0168
4.37	4.03	1.0188	3.90	3.46	30.5	1.0170
4.43	4.08	1.0190	3.95	3.51	30.7	1.0173
4.48	4.13	1.0192	4.00	3.55	30.9	1.0175
4 54	4.18	1.0194	4.05	3.60	31.1	1.0177
4.59	4.23	1.0197	4.10	3.64	31.3	1.0179
4.65	4.28	1.0199	4.15	3.69	31.5	1.0181
4.71	4.33	1.0201	4.20	3.73	31.7	1.0183
4.76	4.38	1.0203	4.25	3.78	31.9	1.0185
4.82	4.44	1.0205	4.30	3.82	32.1	1.0188
4.87	4.49	1.0208	4.35	3.86	32.3	1.0190
4.93	4.54	1.0210	4.40	3.91	32.5	1.0192
4.99	4.59	1.0212	4.45	3.95	32.7	1.0194
5.04	4.64	1.0215	4.50	4.00	32.9	1.0196

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor—Continued

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
5.10	4.70	1.0217	4.55	4.04	33.1	1.0198
5.16	4.75	1.0219	4.60	4.09	33.3	1.0200
5.21	4.80	1.0222	4.65	4.13	33.6	1.0203
5.27	4.85	1.0224	4.70	4.18	33.8	1.0205
5.33	4.90	1.0226	4.75	4.22	34.0	1.0207
5.38	4.96	1.0228	4.80	4.26	34.2	1.0209
5.44	5.01	1.0230	4.85	4.31	34.4	1.0211
5.49	5.06	1.0233	4.90	4.36	34.6	1.0213
5.55	5.11	1.0235	4.95	4.40	34.8	1.0216
5.60	5.16	1.0237	5.00	4.44	35.0	1.0218
5.66	5.21	1.0240	5.05	4.49	35.2	1.0220
5.72	5.26	1.0242	5.10	4.53	35.4	1.0223
5.77	5.31	1.0244	5.15	4.58	35.6	1.0225
5.83	5.36	1.0247	5.20	4.62	35.8	1.0227
5.88	5.41	1.0249	5.25	4.66	36.0	1.0229
5.94	5.47	1.0251	5.30	4.71	36.2	1.0231
6.00	5.52	1.0253	5.35	4.75	36.4	1.1333
6.05	5.57	1.0256	5.40	4.80	36.6	1.0235
6.11	5.62	1.0258	5.45	4.84	36.8	1.0238
6.16	5.67	1.0260	5.50	4.89	37.1	1.0240
6.22	5.73	1.0263	5.55	4.93	37.3	1.0242
6.28	5.78	1.0265	5.60	4.98	37.5	1.0244
6.33	5.83	1.0267	5.65	5.02	37.7	1.0246
6.39	5.88	1.0270	5.70	5.06	37.9	1.0249
6.45	5.93	1.0272	5.75	5.11	38.1	1.0251
6.50	5.99	1.0274	5.80	5.15	38.3	1.0253
6.56	6.04	1.0276	5.85	5.20	38.5	1.0255
6.61	6.09	1.0279	5.90	5.24	38.7	1.0257
6.67	6.14	1.0281	5.95	5.29	38.9	1.0259
6.72	6.19	1.0283	6.00	5.33	39.1	1.0261

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor—Continued

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
6.78	6.24	1.0285	6.05	5.38	39.3	1.0263
6.84	6.29	1.0288	6.10	5.42	39.5	1.0266
6.89	6.35	1.0290	6.15	5.46	39.7	1.0268
6.95	6.41	1.0292	6.20	5.51	39.9	1.0270
7.01	6.46	1.0294	6.25	5.56	40.1	1.0272
7.06	6.51	1.0297	6.30	5.60	40.3	1.0274
7.12	6.56	1.0299	6.35	5.64	40.6	1.0277
7.17	6.61	1.0301	6.40	5.69	40.8	1.0279
7.23	6.66	1.0304	6.45	5.73	41.0	1.0281
7.28	6.71	1.0306	6.50	5.78	41.2	1.0283
7.34	6.76	1.0308	6.55	5.82	41.4	1.0285
7.40	6.82	1.0310	6.60	5.86	41.6	1.0287
7.45	6.87	1.0313	6.65	5.91	41.8	1.0290
7.51	6.92	1.0315	6.70	5.95	42.0	1.0292
7.56	6.97	1.0317	6.75	6.00	42.2	1.0294
7.62	7.02	1.0320	6.80	6.04	42.4	1.0296
7.68	7.08	1.0322	6.85	6.09	42.6	1.0298
7.74	7.13	1.0324	6.90	6.14	42.8	1.0300
7.79	7.18	1.0326	6.95	6.18	43.1	1.0303
7.85	7.23	1.0329	7.00	6.22	43.3	1.0305
7.90	7.28	1.0331	7.05	6.26	43.5	1.0307
7.96	7.33	1.0333	7.10	6.31	43.7	1.0309
8.02	7.38	1.0336	7.15	6.36	43.9	1.0311
8.07	7.43	1.0338	7.20	6.40	44.1	1.0313
8.12	7.48	1.0340	7.25	6.44	44.3	1.0315
8.18	7.54	1.0342	7.30	6.48	44.5	1.0318
8.24	7.59	1.0345	7.35	6.53	44.7	1.0320
8.30	7.64	1.0347	7.40	6.58	44.9	1.0322
8.35	7.69	1.0349	7.45	6.62	45.1	1.0324
8.40	7.74	1.0352	7.50	6.66	45.3	1.0326

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor—Continued

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
8.46	7.79	1.0354	7.55	6.71	45.5	1.0328
8.52	7.84	1.0356	7.60	6.76	45.7	1.0331
8.57	7.89	1.0358	7.65	6.80	45.9	1.0333
8.63	7.95	1.0361	7.70	6.84	46.2	1.0335
8.68	8.00	1.0363	7.75	6.89	46.4	1.0337
8.74	8.05	1.0365	7.80	6.93	46.6	1.0339
8.80	8.11	1.0367	7.85	6.98	46.8	1.0341
8.86	8.16	1.0370	7.90	7.02	47.0	1.0344
8.91	8.21	1.0372	7.95	7.07	47.2	1.0346
8.96	8.26	1.0374	8.00	7.11	47.4	1.0348
9.02	8.31	1.0377	8.05	7.16	47.6	1.0350
9.08	8.36	1.0379	8.10	7.20	47.8	1.0352
9.14	8.41	1.0381	8.15	7.24	48.0	1.0354
9.19	8.46	1.0383	8.20	7.28	48.2	1.0357
9.25	8.51	1.0386	8.25	7.33	48.4	1.0359
9.30	8.57	1.0388	8.30	7.38	48.6	1.0361
9.36	8.62	1.0390	8.35	7.42	48.8	1.0363
9.42	8.67	1.0393	8.40	7.46	49.0	1.0366
9.47	8.72	1.0395	8.45	7.51	49.2	1.0368
9.53	8.77	1.0397	8.50	7.55	49.4	1.0370
9.58	8.83	1.0400	8.55	7.60	49.6	1.0372
9.64	8.88	1.0402	8.60	7.64	49.8	1.0374
9.70	8.93	1.0404	8.65	7.68	50.0	1.0376
9.75	8.98	1.0406	8.70	7.73	50.2	1.0379
9.80	9.03	1.0408	8.75	7.78	50.4	1.0381
9.86	9.09	1.0410	8.80	7.82	50.7	1.0383
9.92	9.14	1.0413	8.85	7.86	50.9	1.0385
9.97	9.19	1.0415	8.90	7.91	51.1	1.0387
10.02	9.24	1.0417	8.95	7.95	51.3	1.0389
10.08	9.29	1.0419	9.00	8.00	51.5	1.0392

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor—Continued

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
10.14	9.35	1.0421	9.05	8.05	51.7	1.0394
10.19	9.40	1.0424	9.10	8.09	51.9	1.0396
10.25	9.45	1.0426	9.15	8.13	52.1	1.0398
10.30	9.50	1.0428	9.20	8.18	52.3	1.0400
10.35	9.55	1.0430	9.25	8.22	52.5	1.0402
10.41	9.60	1.0433	9.30	8.27	52.7	1.0404
10.47	9.65	1.0435	9.35	8.31	52.9	1.0406
10.52	9.70	1.0437	9.40	8.35	53.1	1.0409
10.58	9.75	1.0440	9.45	8.40	53.3	1.0411
10.64	9.80	1.0442	9.50	8.45	53.5	1.0413
10.70	9.86	1.0444	9.55	8.49	53.7	1.0415
10.75	9.91	1.0447	9.60	8.53	53.9	1.0417
10.80	9.96	1.0449	9.65	8.58	54.1	1.0419
10.86	10.01	1.0451	9.70	8.62	54.3	1.0422
10.91	10.06	1.0453	9.75	8.67	54.5	1.0424
10.97	10.11	1.0456	9.80	8.71	54.7	1.0426
11.02	10.16	1.0458	9.85	8.75	55.0	1.0428
11.08	10.21	1.0461	9.90	8.80	55.2	1.0430
11.14	10.26	1.0463	9.95	8.85	55.4	1.0433
11.20	10.31	1.0465	10.00	8.89	55.6	1.0435
11.25	10.37	1.0467	10.05	8.93	55.8	1.0437
11.30	10.42	1.0469	10.10	8.98	56.0	1.0439
11.36	10.47	1.0472	10.15	9.02	56.2	1.0441
11.41	10.52	1.0474	10.20	9.07	56.4	1.0444
11.47	10.57	1.0476	10.25	9.11	56.6	1.0446
11.53	10.63	1.0478	10.30	9.15	56.8	1.0448
11.59	10.68	1.0481	10.35	9.20	57.0	1.0450
11.64	10.73	1.0483	10.40	9.25	57.2	1.0452
11.70	10.78	1.0485	10.45	9.29	57.4	1.0454
11.75	10.83	1.0487	10.50	9.33	57.6	1.0457

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor—Continued

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
11.81	10.89	1.0490	10.55	9.38	57.8	1.0459
11.87	10.94	1.0492	10.60	9.42	58.0	1.0461
11.93	10.99	1.0494	10.65	9.47	58.2	1.0463
11.99	11.04	1.0496	10.70	9.51	58.4	1.0465
12.05	11.09	1.0499	10.75	9.55	58.6	1.0467
12.10	11.15	1.0501	10.80	9.60	58.8	1.0469
12.15	11.20	1.0503	10.85	9.65	59.0	1.0471
12.21	11.25	1.0505	10.90	9.70	59.2	1.047
12.26	11.30	1.0508	10.95	9.74	59.4	1.0476
12.32	11.35	1.0510	11.00	9.78	59.6	1.0478
12.37	11.40	1.0512	11.05	9.82	59.9	1.0480
12.43	11.45	1.0515	11.10	9.87	60.1	1.0482
12.49	11.50	1.0517	11.15	9.92	60.3	1.0484
12.55	11.55	1.0519	11.20	9.96	60.5	1.0487
12.60	11.60	1.0522	11.25	10.00	60.7	1.0489
12.65	11.66	1.0524	11.30	10.04	60.9	1.0491
12.71	11.71	1.0526	11.35	10.09	61.1	1.0493
12.77	11.76	1.0528	11.40	10.13	61.3	1.0495
12.83	11.81	1.0531	11.45	10.18	61.5	1.0498
12.88	11.86	1.0533	11.50	10.22	61.7	1.0500
12.94	11.92	1.0535	11.55	10.27	61.9	1.0502
12.99	11.97	1.0538	11.60	10.31	62.1	1.0504
13.05	12.02	1.0540	11.65	10.35	62.3	1.0506
13.10	12.07	1.0542	11.70	10.40	62.5	1.0508
13.16	12.12	1.0544	11.75	10.45	62.7	1.0511
13.22	12.18	1.0547	11.80	10.49	62.9	1.0513
13.27	12.23	1.0549	11.85	10.53	63.1	1.0515
13.32	12.28	1.0551	11.90	10.58	63.3	1.0517
13.38	12.33	1.0554	11.95	10.63	63.5	1.0519
13.44	12.38	1.0556	12.00	10.67	63.7	1.0521

Table 5.—Tomato Pulp and Filtered Liquor—Continued

Whole pulp			Filtrate from pulp
Solids by drying		Specific gravity at 20° C.	Solids by drying		Immersion refract- ometer reading at 17.5° C.	Specific gravity at 20° C.
_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.		_In vacuo_ at 70° C.	At atmospheric pressure 100° C.
_Per cent_	_Per cent_		_Per cent_	_Per cent_
13.50	12.44	1.0558	12.05	10.71	64.0	1.0523
13.55	12.49	1.0560	12.10	10.75	64.2	1.0525
13.60	12.54	1.0562	12.15	10.80	64.4	1.0527
13.66	12.59	1.0565	12.20	10.84	64.6	1.0529
13.72	12.64	1.0567	12.25	10.89	64.8	1.0531
13.78	12.70	1.0569	12.30	10.94	65.0	1.0533
13.83	12.75	1.0572	12.35	10.98	65.2	1.0535
13.89	12.80	1.0574	12.40	11.02	65.4	1.0537
13.95	12.85	1.0576	12.45	11.07	65.6	1.0539
14.01	12.90	1.0579	12.50	11.11	65.8	1.0541

The per cent of solids in the filtered liquor obtained by drying in vacuo, multiplied by 1.12, gives the per cent of solids in the original pulp obtained by drying in vacuo. This relationship is shown in Table 2, in the column headed “Ratio of pulp solids to filtrate solids,” and also in Table 5.

Of the 33 samples shown in Table 2, the result obtained by multiplying the per cent of solids in the filtrate (obtained by drying in vacuo) by the factor 1.12 is very nearly identical with the per cent of solids in the pulp (obtained by drying in vacuo). In 22 of the 33 samples the difference between these two figures is less than 0.1 per cent. In 17 samples it is less than 0.06 per cent, and in 13 samples it is less than 0.05 per cent. In only two samples does it exceed 0.17 per cent.

(b) By calculation from the specific gravity of the filtrate.—The specific gravity of the filtered liquor may be determined by means of an ordinary pycnometer. From the specific gravity at 20° C., the per cent of solids in the filtrate as determined by drying in vacuo at 70° C. may be obtained from Table 5. It may also be calculated by the following formula, which was derived from the same table: