LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

An Antarctic Iceberg (colour) Frontispiece
PAGE
Official Map of the Expedition xx
The Crow’s Nest 3
Rio Harbour from Mt. Corcovado facing 16
Rio de Janeiro „ 16
Part of Montevideo „ 36
The Belgica 49
Fuegian Boys (colour) facing 68
Indian Mission Huts „ 74
Part of Punta Arenas „ 74
The Wind-Swept Rocks of the Western Fuegian Islands „ 79
Terminating Ridge of the Cordilleras, Beagle Channel „ 80
Ona Women in Full Dress, with Papoose Strapped to the Shoulders „ 89
Ona Men on the Chase „ 89
Types of Onas, Chief Colchicoli and one of his Wives „ 90
An Ona Home „ 95
Onas on the March „ 95
Ona Archery „ 96
Comparative Sizes of an Ona and a Caucasian 98
Ona Hunter Ready for Action facing 105
A Bull Sea-Lion at Rest „ 106
Den of Sea-Lions, Staten Island „ 106
Dr. Frederick A. Cook „ 111
Sunrise over Brabant Island „ 112
Mount William, Antwerp Island „ 121
Mount Allo, Liege Island „ 121
Weddell Sea-Leopards of Belgica Strait „ 122
Cormorants at Home „ 127
Arctowski gathering Geological Specimens, observed by a Megalestris (Cape Lancaster in the Background) „ 127
A Penguin Rookery, Isle Cobalescou „ 128
Penguins—A Family Gathering on the Pack-Ice „ 128
Sunrise and Sunset together over the Eastern Shore of Belgica Strait „ 137
View Eastward from Neumayer Channel (Part of Wiencke Island—Sierre Du Fief in the Background) „ 138
Brooklyn Island „ 138
Lemaire Channel—Wandel Island „ 143
Cape Cloos „ 143
Ascending Icy Mountains „ 144
An Encampment „ 144
Cape Eivind Astrup—Northern Point of Wiencke Island „ 153
Cape Renard, Dancoland „ 154
Stratified Tabular Iceberg, off Cape Rasmussen, to the lee of which the Belgica rested during the night of Feb. 12 „ 159
Iceberg in Belgica Strait with a Great Tunnel through it „ 159
One of the Wauwermans Islands „ 160
Sophie Rocks, Dancoland „ 160
Snowy Petrel 161
Midnight at Midsummer over the Antarctic Mainland (colour) facing 166
The Belgica Pressing Southward through the Drift-Ice „ 169
Iceberg off Cape Tuxen „ 169
Penguins on a Sea-worn Iceberg resembling a Whale „ 170
A Tabular Iceberg, seen at the Pack-edge in the South Pacific (about 200 feet high) „ 175
Bird’s-eye View of the Pack-ice near the Outer Edge „ 176
Lecointe Making Observations. The Nautical Observatory „ 185
Dobrowolski Measuring the Depth of the Snow-Fall „ 185
Hauling Snow to Augment the Water-Supply „ 186
Making Soundings „ 186
The Sailor’s Recreation „ 191
Bow of the Belgica after a Collision with an Iceberg „ 191
The Hummocks of a Pressure-Angle „ 192
Cestrugi „ 192
A Lake. The Sporting Place of Whales, Seals and Penguins „ 201
Moonlight Photograph of the Belgica, May 20, 1898 „ 201
Moss and Lichens „ 202
Moon Faces 204
Moon Faces (continued) 205
M. van Rysselberghe at the Condenser, which was converted into a Snow Melter facing 207
Racovitza at the Microscope „ 208
Arctowski in the Laboratory „ 208
Eight Successive Phases of an Exhibit of Aurora Australis, March 19, 1898 „ 217
A Page of Belgica Boots „ 224
Belgica Mittens „ 233
Samples of Darnings „ 233
Whale Blow-Hole „ 240
Seal Blow-Hole „ 240
Iceberg in the Edge of the Pack-Ice „ 249
Penguin Tracks „ 249
Crab-Eater „ 256
Ross Seal „ 256
True Sea-Leopard „ 256
Weddell Sea-Leopards on the Pack-Ice „ 265
Arctowski and Amundsen ready for a Stroll 266
The Ross Seal with Trachea Inflated facing 272
Heads of Sea-Leopards and Crab-Eaters „ 281
An Old Lead „ 288
A New Crevasse „ 288
Penguin Interviews „ 297
The Small Pack Penguin „ 304
The Royal Penguin „ 304
“Saennagras” 307
Penguins’ Heads and Feet „ 313
Petrels and Megalestris „ 322
Nansen, the Mascot 325
Amundsen after a Ski Run facing 327
The Belgica in September. The New Tent and the Pack Travelling Outfit „ 328
Twilight amid the Antarctic Ice (colour) „ 332
A Hunter Taking a Sun Bath „ 337
The Last to Enter the Three-Man Sleeping Bag „ 337
The Four O’Clock Tea Discussion „ 338
Distorted Faces of the Rising Sun 340
Distorted Faces of the Rising Sun (continued) 341
Crossing Hummocks and Crevasses. Edge of the Belgica Field in October facing 343
Edge of the Antarctic Pack „ 344
The Midnight Sun Over the Pack-Ice „ 353
Ice-Flowers „ 354
The Assembled Discs of Ice Crystals which give Origin to Polar Ice „ 354
An Iceberg held by the Ensnaring Influence of the Pack-Ice, forming the so-called “barrier” „ 356
The Midsummer Christmas Dinner „ 359
Portraits of Cook, Amundsen and Racovitza “before and after” „ 360
Snow-Goggles 365
An Old Wind-Swept Hummock facing 369
The Sand-like Drift Snow „ 369
The Tabular Iceberg, the Largest Berg within the Horizon of the Belgica’s Drift „ 370
On January 1st, 1899, the Belgica was still hopelessly held in a Field of Ice „ 375
Old Hummocks „ 376
A Tonite Explosion Used in Efforts to Free the Belgica „ 376
Removing the Upper Sheet Preparatory to Sawing the Hard Undersheets „ 385
Cutting a Canal through the Ice to Release the Belgica from her Year’s Imprisonment „ 385
Floating Mountains of Ice „ 386
View from the Top of a Tabular Iceberg „ 386
A Penguin’s Friend „ 389
Curious Weather-worn Icebergs, 300 Feet High „ 391
Star-Fish and Sea-Urchins from the Bottom of the Antarctic Sea „ 392
A New Shrimp of the Genera of Euphausia, Discovered by Racovitza „ 392
A Group of Penguins,—Visitors to the Belgica „ 401
The Sailors at the End of the Long Night „ 402
Figure 1 428
Figure 2 429
Figure 3 430
Map of the Belgica’s Trip 437
Soundings in the Pack 438
Method of Sounding 441
Sledge-sailing 453