[1]In geology, the term rock is applied alike to the soft and hard materials composing the earth’s crust, as sands may pass into solid sandstones, soft muds become the most tenacious of clays, and hard basalt originate as a molten lava.
[2]This statement may not absolutely apply to Cairo itself, seeing that in the disturbed region of Abu Roash sandstone is actually at the surface, and the clays are less conspicuously developed than is the case to the south.
[3]Figs. 1, 2 and 4 are based on photographs of localities in Great Britain and Ireland taken for the Geologists’ Association collection of photographs.
[4]Farafra is an exception to this rule, the depression being due to the wearing away of soft Cretaceous beds higher than the sandstone.
[5]The well-known Petrified Forests.
[6]From information given by Mr. Harding King.
[7]At Abu Radham a dark layer of purple iron ochre seems to have been the cause of the investigation.
[8]For further details, see my paper “Petroleum: Its occurrence and origin,” Cairo Scientific Journal, No. 48, pp. 205-218.
[9]“The Natural History of Igneous Rocks,” p. 23.
The following is a general list of the maps and plans offered for sale by the Survey Department. A booklet giving details of all sheets printed may be obtained free, on application either personally or by letter at the Headquarters of the Department, Giza (Mudiria), or at the Geological Museum, Public Works Ministry Gardens, Cairo, where all maps and plans are for sale, or through any bookseller.
Except where specially stated, the price of each map-sheet is 50 milliemes on paper, and 65 milliemes on cloth, and they are sent post free by the Department.
The reference marks denote: (*) map is in Arabic only; (†) map is in English only; (*†) map bears place-names both in Arabic and English; (*) (†) map can be obtained either in Arabic or English.
The following list gives particulars of the maps published. The map of Alexandria, on the scale of 1:1,000 will be completed during 1911. The survey of Cairo on the scale of 1:1,000 is in progress.
These are maps of the villages showing each hod and plot of land. They are printed in Arabic only. In ordering, the name of the village and the numbers of hod and plot should be given. The following list gives the particulars of the maps for each mudiria (province):—
Scale 1:10,000 (10 cm. = 1 kilometre; 6·3 inches = 1 mile).—The names on these maps are in most cases in Arabic and English. The following table shows the number of sheets published:—
Scale 1:25,000 (4 cm. = 1 kilometre; 2·5 inches = 1 mile).—A provisional map of Northern Gharbia has been published on this scale, pending the publication of the 1:10,000 sheets of this area. There are 91 sheets.
Scale 1:50,000 (2 cm. = 1 kilometre; 1·3 inches = 1 mile).—These maps are printed in three colours. Names are given in English, and as a rule in Arabic as well. This series is completed for the whole of the cultivated area of the Nile Valley and Delta. There are 145 sheets.
Scale 1:1,000,000 (1 cm. = 10 kilometres; 1 inch = 16 miles).—The six sheets of this map, covering the whole of Egypt, have now been published. The names are in English. The price of each sheet is 50 and 65 milliemes for paper and cloth editions respectively, or the whole can be obtained mounted on cloth, varnished, and fitted with rollers for 550 milliemes.
The price of each map is 700 milliemes, except that of the Mediterranean Basin, which is 500 milliemes. Each map is mounted on cloth, varnished, and fitted with rollers. The following list gives the maps published and in preparation:—
In preparation:—
Geological map of Egypt, scale 1:1,000,000. English. Six sheets, 70 × 58 cm. Price, 100 milliemes per sheet. Complete map, mounted on cloth, varnished and fitted with rollers, 850 milliemes.
Geological map of Egypt, scale 1:2,000,000. English. One sheet, 68½ × 67 cm. Price, 200 milliemes on paper, and 300 milliemes mounted on cloth and fitted with rollers.
A number of maps have been published in the various Geological reports. Further information may be obtained under the respective headings in the list of Geological Reports, pp. V and VI.
The following is a general list of the publications of the Survey Department, and a few others which are for sale at the Headquarters of the Department, Giza (Mudiria), and at the Geological Museum, Public Works Ministry Gardens, Cairo. A booklet giving full details can be obtained, on application either personally or by letter.
Except where specially stated, the publications are 8vo, and in English, and are supplied post free by the Department. They can also be obtained through any bookseller.
Archæological Survey of Nubia.
Bulletin 1.—Dealing with the work (archæological and anatomical) from September 20 to November 30, 1907. English. 39 pp., 27 illustrations. (Out of print).
Bulletin 2.—Dealing with the work (archæological and anatomical) from December 1, 1907, to March 31, 1908. English. 69 pp., 52 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Bulletin 3.—Dealing with the work (archæological and anatomical) from October 1 to December 31, 1908. English. 52 pp., 5 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Bulletin 4.—Dealing with the work (archæological and anatomical) from January 1 to March 31, 1909. English. 28 pp., 2 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Bulletin 5.—Dealing with the work (archæological and anatomical) from October 1 to December 31, 1909. English. 35 pp., 5 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Bulletin 6.—Dealing with the work (Archæological and anatomical) from January 1 to April 15, 1910. English. 30 pp., 8 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Annual Report of the Archæological Survey of Nubia, Season 1907-8. Vol. I: by George A. Reisner. Price, with volume of plates, L.E. 2.
Annual Report of the Archæological Survey of Nubia, Season 1907-8. Vol. II: Report on the Human Remains, by Dr. G. Elliot Smith, F.R.S., and Dr. F. Wood Jones. Price, with volume of plates, L.E. 2.
Philæ,—Report on the Island and Temples of, by Capt. H. G. Lyons, with introductory note by W. E. Garstin. 1896. English. 67 pp., 78 illustrations. (Out of print).
Philæ,—Report on the Island and Temples of, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. 1908. English. 4to, 32 pp., 14 illustrations. Price, 200 milliemes.
River Nile and its Basin—Physiography of the, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. 1906. 411 pp., 14 maps, 34 illustrations. Price, 400 milliemes.
Turco-Egyptian Boundary between the Vilayet of the Hejaz and the Peninsula of Sinai—The Delimitation of the, by E. B. H. Wade, together with additions by B. F. E. Keeling and J. I. Craig. 1906. (Survey Department Paper, No. 4). 89 pp., 2 maps. Price, 150 milliemes. See also Geology.
Abu Roash, near the Pyramids of Giza—Cretaceous region of, by H. J. L. Beadnell. 1902. 48 pp., 2 maps, 19 illust. Price, 200 milliemes.
Arsinoitherium Zitteli (Beadnell), from the Upper Eocene strata of Egypt—Preliminary note on, by H. J. L. Beadnell. 1902. 4 pp., 6 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Aswan (First) Cataract of the Nile—Description of, by Dr. Ball. 1907. 121 pp., 5 maps, 28 illustrations. Price, 200 milliemes.
Baharia Oasis, its topography and geology, by Dr. Ball and H. J. L. Beadnell. 1903. 84 pp., 8 maps, 2 illust. Price, 200 milliemes.
Blackened Rocks of the Nile Cataracts and of the Egyptian Deserts, by A. Lucas. 1905. 58 pp. Price, 100 milliemes.
Building Stones in Egypt—Disintegration of, by A. Lucas. 1902. 17 pp. Price, 75 milliemes.
Building Stones of Cairo Neighbourhood and Upper Egypt, by Dr. Hume. 1909. 92 pp., 9 illustrations. Price, 150 milliemes. Survey Department Paper, No. 16.
Cairo and Suez—Topography and geology of the district between, by T. Barron. 1907. 133 pp., 2 maps, 14 illustrations. Price, 200 milliemes.
Catalogue of the Geological Museum, Cairo, by Dr. Hume. 1905. 37 pp. Price, 25 milliemes.
Dakhla Oasis, its topography and geology, by H. J. L. Beadnell. 1901. 107 pp., 9 maps, 7 illustrations. Price, 200 milliemes.
Eastern Desert of Egypt, Central Portion—Topography and geology of, by T. Barron and Dr. Hume. 1902. 331 pp., 10 maps, 30 illust. Price, 400 milliemes.
Eastern Desert of Egypt, between latitudes 22° and 25° N.—Preliminary Report on geology of, by Dr. Hume. 1907. 72 pp., 4 maps, 5 illust. Price, 150 milliemes. Survey Department Paper, No. 1.
Farafra Oasis, its topography and geology, by H. J. L. Beadnell. 1901. 39 pp., 8 maps. Price, 150 milliemes.
Fayum Province of Egypt—Topography and geology of, by H. J. L. Beadnell. 1905. 101 pp., 2 maps, 22 illustrations. Price, 300 milliemes.
Forêts pétrifiées des Déserts de l’Egypte—Note sur l’âge des, par M. R. Fourteau. 1898. French. 8 pp. (Out of print).
Iron Ores in Egypt—Distribution of, by Dr. Hume. 1909. 16 pp., 1 map. Price, 50 milliemes. Survey Department Paper, No. 20.
Jebel Garra and the Oasis of Kurkur—Topographical and geological results of a reconnaissance-survey of, by Dr. Ball. 1902. 40 pp., 2 maps, 5 illustrations. Price 150 milliemes.
Kharga Oasis, its topography and geology, by Dr. Ball. 1900. 116 pp., 19 maps, 16 illustrations. Price, 250 milliemes.
Mammals—Preliminary note on some new—from the Upper Eocene of the Fayum, Egypt, by C. W. Andrews and H. J. L. Beadnell. 1902. 9 pp., 4 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Pétrole de la Mer Rouge—Rapport sur les recherches du, par J. Barois. 1885. French. 16 pp., 1 map, 10 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Petroleum Districts situated on the Red Sea Coast—Report on, by Col. C. E. Stewart. 1888. 25 pp. Price, 100 milliemes.
Petroleum Industry at Baku—Sketch report of, by J. H. Trevithick. May, 1886. 22 pp. Price, 100 milliemes.
Phosphate Deposits of Egypt, by Survey Department, 2nd edition 1905. 35 pp., 3 maps. Price, 50 milliemes.
Sinai Peninsula (South-Eastern Portion)—Topography and geology of, by Dr. Hume. 1906. 280 pp., 5 maps, 23 illustrations. Price, 300 milliemes.
Sinai Peninsula (Western Portion)—Topography and geology of, by T. Barron. 1907. 241 pp., 2 maps, 13 illustrations. Price, 300 milliemes.
Soil and Water of the Fayum Province—Preliminary investigation of, by A. Lucas. 1902. 17 pp. Price, 75 milliemes.
Soil and Water of the Wadi Tumilat Lands under reclamation, by A. Lucas. 1903. 26 pp., 1 map, 5 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Subsoil Water in Lower Egypt—Preliminary Note on the, by H. T. Ferrar, M.A., F.G.S. 1910. 16 pp., 3 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
The Movements of the Subsoil Water in Upper Egypt, by H. T. Ferrar, M.A., F.G.S. Survey Department Paper, No. 19. English. 74 pp., 32 illustrations and 16 maps. Price, 150 milliemes.
Tertiary Vertebrata of the Fayum, Egypt—Descriptive catalogue of, by C. W. Andrews. 1906. 319 pp., 124 illustrations.
Tortoise—Land—from the Upper Eocene of the Fayum, Egypt—Preliminary notice of, by C. W. Andrews and H. J. L. Beadnell. 1903. 11 pp., 3 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Daily Weather Report.—Issued daily by the Survey Department. Contains the readings taken at 29 stations in Egypt and the Sudan, and five stations in southern Europe, with a map showing the distribution of pressure. Post free, 200 milliemes quarterly, including short monthly summary.
Summary of the Weather in Egypt, Sudan, and the Surrounding Region. Monthly.—Contains a brief report on the weather for the month, with maps showing the pressure-distribution for each day. Price, post free, 300 milliemes per annum.
Annual Meteorological Report.—Contains all the meteorological readings made during the year in Egypt and the Sudan. Also the readings of the various Nile gauges.
| Years 1898-1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903 | Price, 250 mill. each. |
| Years 1904, 1905 (in two parts: Part I containing the readings taken at Helwan Observatory, Part II containing the readings for the rest of Egypt and the Sudan) | Price, 100 mill. each part. |
| Year 1906 (Part I, Helwan) | Price, 100 mill. |
| Year 1906 (Part II, Rest of Egypt and the Sudan) | Price, 150 mill. |
| Year 1907 (Parts I and II) | Price, 150 mill. each part. |
| Year 1908 (Parts I and II) | Price, 150 mill. each part. |
Measurement of the Volumes Discharged by the Nile during 1905 and 1906, by E. M. Dowson; with a note on Rating Formulæ for Current-Meters, by J. I. Craig. (Survey Department Paper, No. 11). 82 pp., 6 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Rains of the Nile Basin:—
In 1904, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. 25 pp., 1 map, 5 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
In 1905, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. 40 pp., 4 maps, 5 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Rains of the Nile Basin and the Nile Flood:—
In 1906, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. (Survey Department Paper, No. 2). 70 pp., 5 maps, 11 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
In 1907, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. (Survey Department Paper, No. 9). 50 pp., 1 map, 11 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
In 1908, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. (Survey Department Paper, No. 14). 69 pp., 1 map, 8 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
In 1909, by J. I. Craig. (Survey Department Paper, No. 17). 55 pp., 1 map, 8 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Atmospheric Electricity—Discussion of the Observations on—at Helwan Observatory, from March 1906 to February 1908, by H. E. Hurst. (Survey Department Paper, No. 10). 65 pp., 2 maps, 8 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Climate of Abbassia, near Cairo, by B. F. E. Keeling. (Survey Department Paper, No. 3). 1907. 61 pp., 1 map, 7 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Evaporation in Egypt and the Sudan, by B. F. E. Keeling. (Survey Department Paper, No. 15). 1909. 29 pp., 1 illustration. Price, 100 milliemes.
Platinum-Resistance Thermometers—Report on the use of—in determining the temperature of the air at the Helwan Observatory, by E. B. H. Wade. 1905. 20 pp., 5 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Altitudes—The Determination of—by Levelling, by E. M. Dowson. (Technical Lecture). 1908. 23 pp., 6 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Cadastral Survey of Egypt, 1892-1907, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. 1908. 421 pp., 30 maps, 16 illustrations. Price, 400 milliemes.
Cadastral Survey of Egypt—Comparison of—with those of some European Countries, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. (Technical Lecture). 1909. 24 pp., 8 maps. Price, 50 milliemes.
Errors of Observation, by T. L. Bennett. (Technical Lecture). 1908. 27 pp., 3 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Longitude—Determination of, by E. B. H. Wade. (Technical Lecture) 1908. 39 pp., 2 maps, 1 illustration. Price, 50 milliemes.
Longitudes—A Field Method of Determining—by Observations of the Moon, by E. B. H. Wade. (Survey Department Paper, No. 5). 1907. 47 pp., 9 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Map-Projections, by J. I. Craig. (Technical Lecture). 1909. 25 pp., 1 map, 25 illustrations. Price, 50 milliemes.
Map-Projections—The Theory of—with special reference to the Projections used in the Survey Department, by J. I. Craig. F.R.S.E., (Survey Department Paper, No. 13). 1910. 77 pp., illustrated. Price, 200 milliemes.
Relief on Maps—The Representation of, by Capt. H. G. Lyons. (Technical Lecture). 1909. 19 pp., 5 maps. Price, 50 milliemes.
Magnetic Observations in Egypt, 1895-1905, with a summary of Previous Magnetic Work in Northern Africa, by B. F. E. Keeling. (Survey Department Paper, No. 6). 1907. 65 pp., 4 maps. Price, 100 milliemes.
Magnetic Observations made from April to December, 1907, at Helwan Observatory. 8 pp. Price, 25 milliemes.
Magnetic Observations made during 1908 at Helwan Observatory. 11 pp. Price, 25 milliemes.
The same for 1909. 11 pp. Price, 50 milliemes.
Standardization of the Magnetic Instruments at Helwan Observatory during 1907, by H. E. Hurst. (Survey Department Paper, No. 8). 1908. 45 pp., 4 illustrations. Price, 100 milliemes.
Annual Reports on the Work of the Survey Department, by the Director-General, as follows: 1905, 120 milliemes; 1906, 1907, 1908 and 1909, 100 milliemes each.
Chemistry of the River Nile, by A. Lucas, 1908. (Survey Department Paper, No. 7). 78 pp., 1 map, 1 illustration. Price, 150 milliemes.
Collection of Statistics of the Areas Planted in Cotton in 1909, by E. M. Dowson and J. I. Craig. 1909. English or Arabic. 77 pp., 8 illustrations. Price, 150 milliemes each.
Collection of Statistics of the Areas Planted in Cotton in 1910. 1910. English or Arabic. Price, 50 milliemes each.
Preservative Materials used by the Ancient Egyptians in Embalming, by A. Lucas, F.I.C. (Survey Department Paper, No. 12). 1911. 59 pp. Price, 100 milliemes.
£ 1 = 975 milliemes; $ 1 = 200 milliemes; Mk. 1 = 48 milliemes; Fr. 1 = 38 milliemes.
Imp. Nat. 4323-1910-250 br.
New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the public domain.