END OF VOL. VIII
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THE CAMBRIDGE NATURAL HISTORY
EDITED BY
S. F. Harmer, Sc.D., F.R.S. and A. E. Shipley, M.A., F.R.S.
In Ten Volumes. Fully Illustrated. Medium 8vo. 17s. net each.
PROTOZOA, COELENTERATES, ECHINODERMS, etc.
VOLUME I.
Protozoa, by Marcus Hartog, M.A., D.Sc.; Porifera (Sponges), by Igerna B. J. Sollas, B.Sc.; Coelenterata and Ctenophora, by S. J. Hickson, M.A., F.R.S.; Echinodermata, by E. W. MacBride, M.A, F.R.S.
NATURE.–"Taken in conjunction with the earlier published volumes, the work seems to fulfil the purpose of providing an intelligible and adequate survey of the entire animal kingdom without giving undue prominence to particular groups.... The illustrations are excellent."
FIELD.–"The book can be in the strongest manner recommended to those for whose benefit it has been written. We know of no work from which a more truly scientific account of the Protozoa, Echinodermata, and other lower forms of animal life could be gained."
OUTLOOK.–"There is much valuable matter in these well-planned sections which will render the volume, like the others which have preceded it, a necessary book of reference in every well-equipped library."
WORMS, ROTIFERS, AND POLYZOA
VOLUME II.
Flatworms and Mesozoa, by F. W. Gamble, D.Sc.; Nemertines, by Miss L. Sheldon; Threadworms and Sagitta, by A. E. Shipley, M.A., F.R.S.; Rotifers, by Marcus Hartog, M.A., D.Sc.; Polychaet Worms, by W. Blaxland Benham, D.Sc., M.A.; Earthworms and Leeches, by F. E. Beddard, M.A., F.R.S.; Gephyrea and Phoronis, by A. E. Shipley, M.A., F.R.S.; Polyzoa, by S. F. Harmer, Sc.D., F.R.S.
CAMBRIDGE REVIEW.–"Several of the groups treated of in this volume are unknown, by sight even, to the general reader, and possess no popular name whatsoever; and as only a few insignificant details are known of the habits of the animals composing them, their treatment in the volume before us has necessarily been to a large extent anatomical. This circumstance renders the book of especial value to students, more particularly as in some cases the articles on the groups in question are the first comprehensive ones dealing with their respective subjects.... Most of the articles are of a very high order of merit–taken as a whole, it may be said that they are by far the best which have as yet been published.... We may say with confidence that the same amount of information, within the same compass, is to be had in no other zoological work."
NATURAL SCIENCE.–"This second volume of the Cambridge Natural History is certain to prove a most welcome addition to English Zoological literature. It deals with a series of animal groups, all deeply interesting to the specialist in morphology; some important from their economic relations to other living things, others in their life-histories rivalling the marvels of fairy-tales. And the style in which they are here treated is also interesting; history and the early observations of the older writers lend their charm; accounts of habits and mode of occurrence, of life, in a word, from the cradle to the grave, are given in ample detail, accompanied by full references to modern and current literature. The whole is admirably illustrated."
MOLLUSCS AND BRACHIOPODS
VOLUME III.
Molluscs, by the Rev. A. H. Cooke, M.A.; Brachiopods (Recent), by A. E. Shipley, M.A., F.R.S.; Brachiopods (Fossil), by F. R. C. Reed, M.A.
TIMES.–"There are very many, not only among educated people who take an interest in science, but even among specialists, who will welcome a work of reasonable compass and handy form containing a trustworthy treatment of the various departments of Natural History by men who are familiar with, and competent to deal with, the latest results of scientific research. Altogether, to judge from this first volume, the Cambridge Natural History promises to fulfil all the expectations that its prospectus holds out."
FIELD.–"We know of no book available to the general reader which affords such a vast fund of information on the structure and habits of molluscs."
KNOWLEDGE.–"If succeeding volumes are like this one, the Cambridge Natural History will rank as one of the finest works on natural history ever published."
ATHENÆUM.–"The series certainly ought not to be restricted in its circulation to lecturers and students only; and, if the forthcoming volumes reach the standard of the one here under notice, the success of the enterprise should be assured."
VOLUME IV.
Crustacea, by Geoffrey Smith, M.A.; Trilobites, etc., by H. Woods, M.A.; Limulus, Linguatulida, and Tardigrada, by A. E. Shipley, M.A., F.R.S.; Spiders, Mites, Scorpions, etc., by C. Warburton, M.A.; Pycnogonids, by D'Arcy W. Thompson, C.B., M.A.
[In the Press.
PERIPATUS, MYRIAPODS, AND INSECTS–Part I.
VOLUME V.
Peripatus, by Adam Sedgwick, M.A., F.R.S.; Myriapods, by F. G. Sinclair, M.A.; Insects, Part I., Introduction, Aptera, Orthoptera, Neuroptera, and a portion of Hymenoptera (Sessiliventres and Parasitica), by David Sharp, M.A., M.B., F.R.S.
FIELD.–"Although written for the student and the specialist, the book is not the less adapted to all intelligent readers who wish to make themselves thoroughly acquainted with the habits, structure, and the modern classification of the animals of which it treats. To such it cannot be recommended too strongly."
SCIENCE GOSSIP.–"Every library, school, and college in the country should possess this work, which is of the highest educational value."
Prof. RAPHAEL MELDOLA, F.R.S., F.C.S., in his Presidential Address to the Entomological Society of London, said:–"The authors of this volume are certainly to be congratulated upon having furnished such a valuable contribution to our literature. When its successor appears, and I will venture to express the hope that this will be at no very distant period, we shall be in possession of a treatise on the natural history of insects which, from the point of view of the general reader, will compare most favourably with any similar work that has been published in the English language."
ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE.–"We venture to think the work will be found indispensable to all who seek to extend their general knowledge beyond the narrowing influence of exclusive attention to certain orders or groups, and that it will take a high position in 'The Cambridge Natural History' series."
INSECTS–Part II.
VOLUME VI.
Hymenoptera continued (Tubulifera and Aculeata), Coleoptera, Strepsiptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Aphaniptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Anoplura, by David Sharp, M.A., M.B., F.R.S.
SATURDAY REVIEW.–"Dr. Sharp's treatment is altogether worthy of the series and of his own high scientific reputation. But in a work of this sort it is not only necessary that information should be accurate, but also that it shall be presented to the eye, so far as illustrations and printing are concerned, in such a way as to render its matter as easily intelligible as possible, and readily usable for purposes of reference. Under both these heads we have nothing but commendation for Mr. Sharp's treatise. The illustrations are indeed beautiful, and the use of the heavy type for the headings of the various sections and leading paragraphs materially helps the reader in the progress of his study. Certainly this is a book that should be in every entomologist's library."
DAILY NEWS.–"It would be hard to say too much in praise of this most admirable volume. It is too often the case that scientific books are written in a dull and uninteresting style. The reader will find nothing of that kind to complain of here. The descriptions are clear, the illustrations are excellent; while, as in the previous volumes of the series, printing and paper are all that could be desired."
FISHES, ASCIDIANS, etc.
VOLUME VII.
Hemichordata, by S. F. Harmer, Sc.D., F.R.S.; Ascidians and Amphioxus, by W. A. Herdman, D.Sc., F.R.S.; Fishes (exclusive of the Systematic Account of Teleostei), by T. W. Bbidge[**Bridge??], Sc.D., F.R.S.; Fishes (Systematic Account of Teleostei), by G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S.
ATHENÆUM.–"All who take a serious interest in the advance of ichthyology will find this a fascinating book."
NATURE NOTES.–"It is a thoroughly scholarly work for students, amply sustaining the reputation of an ancient university as being in the van of scientific progress."
AMPHIBIA AND REPTILES
VOLUME VIII.
By Hans Gadow, M.A., F.R.S.
FIELD.–"The work is worthy of the series in which it appears, and we cannot give it higher praise."
SCIENCE GOSSIP.–"More than maintains the high scientific reputation of this series. The herpetologists, or students of the Amphibia and Reptiles, have now a standard work of the highest class."
LANCET.–"An account of both Amphibia and Reptiles which should satisfy the expert, and at the same time entertain the reader who is merely interested in the tit-bits of natural history.... A book full of accurate information and pleasant reading."
MORNING POST.–"A delightful as well as a serviceable book.... Herein perhaps lies the great charm and merit of Dr. Gadow's book, that, while satisfying all the inquiries of the student, it is also in great part written for the ordinary intelligence, and the naturalist in the crowd may, while necessarily gliding over distressing technicalities, find in its pages many hours of profitable and entertaining study of the habits of the classes under notice."
NATURE.–"In concluding the review we would express the opinion that by this handsome volume a very important addition to science has been made; that the beautiful illustrations, together with the clear and charming accounts of the life-histories which it contains, will do much to popularise the study of a rather neglected section of zoology; and that lovers of Reptiles, of which there are more than one generally thinks, will feel that the new knowledge imparted to them emanates from one who is thoroughly in sympathy with their enthusiasm."
BIRDS
VOLUME IX.
By A. H. Evans, M.A.
IBIS.–"Mr. Evans has produced a book full of concentrated essence of information on birds, especially as regards their outer structure and habits, and one that we can cordially recommend as a work of reference to all students of ornithology."
NATURE NOTES.–"We venture to predict that, of the ten volumes of which this excellent series is planned to consist, none will secure a wider popularity than Mr. Evans's treatise on birds. Strange as it may appear, among the many books on birds that have appeared of late years, we do not recall any that covers the same ground.... We are grateful to the author for the mine of valuable information which he has crowded between his two covers."
SCIENCE GOSSIP.–"General readers will find this work most useful in obtaining a proper understanding of birds, and will be assisted by the effective diagram of a hawk in the introduction, showing the recognised names of every part of the exterior appearance. The expressions used in naming the various portions are fully explained on the adjoining page. As we have already said, the illustrations are admirable. The book is a useful addition to any library, as it treats of nearly every known kind of bird throughout the world."
SATURDAY REVIEW.–"The expert and the novice alike must be at once delighted by the accuracy and the beauty of the illustrations.... It is astonishing to note the mass of information the author has been able to bring together.... With a little practice any observant person would soon learn by the help of this volume to track down any bird very nearly to its ultimate place in classification."
MAMMALIA
VOLUME X.
By Frank Evers Beddard, M.A., F.R.S.
NATURE.–"Cannot fail to be of very high value to all students of the Mammalia, especially from the standpoints of morphology and palæontology."
ATHENÆUM.–"Mr. Beddard has produced a volume equal in interest and value to the others in the Cambridge series."
LAND AND WATER.–"A notable book, the result of long study, patient labour, sound reasoning, and careful selection, for which we are deeply indebted to the author."
DAILY NEWS.–"A volume which, for the interest of its contents and for its style and method of treatment, is not only worthy of its predecessors, but may be regarded as one of the most successful of a brilliant series."
KNOWLEDGE.–"In this volume Mr. Beddard has undoubtedly made an important contribution to the history of mammals, his text-book being the only one which can be said to be up to date and to contain notices of the many important types–both recent and fossil–discovered during the last few years."
FIELD.–"Its utility to the working zoological student can hardly be overrated. It is exceedingly well illustrated."
LONDON: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd.
References to explanations of the terms used below will be found in the index.
Bull. Soc. Philom. ii. p. 81.
Tableaux méthodiques, p. 61.
Bull. Soc. Philom. p. 113.
Isis, 1821.
Treviranus' Zeitschr. f. Physiol. 1831, p. 190.
δέρη, neck; μύω, close.
Proc. Ac. Philad. p. 209.
Americ. Natural. xxiii. p. 849.
Sarasins' Ergebnisse ... Ceylon, 1887-1890.
Credner's term for all Vertebrates higher than fishes.
Boulenger, P.Z.S. 1888, p 204.
P.Z.S. 1897, p. 577.
Q.J.M.S. xxxviii. 1896, p. 465.
Arch. ges. Physiol. li. 1892, p. 455.
Nat. Sci. i. 1892, p. 185.
C. R. Ac. Sci. cix. 1889, pp. 405, 482.
Orr, Quart. J. Micr. Sci. xxix. 1889, p. 316.
"Lungenlose Salamandriden," Anat. Anz. 1894, p. 676; 1896, p. 182.
"Nuove ricerche anatomo-fisiologiche intorno ai Salamandridi normalmente apneumoni." Torino, 1894.
Zool. Anz. 1896, p. 33; 1899, p. 545.
Amer. Natural, xxx. 1886, p. 829.
For the mechanism of the frog's respiration, see Gaupp, Arch. Anat. 1896, p. 239.
Boulenger, The Tailless Batrachians of Europe, Ray Soc. 1896.
Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xlix. 1889, p. 583.
Amer. Natural, xxv. 1891, p. 753.
Zool. Jahrb. Syst. vi. 1892, p. 447.
Ann. Nat. Hist. (5), xvii. 1886, p. 463.
J. Thiele, Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xlvi. 1888, p. 67.
Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xlix. 1889, p. 43.
M. Weber, Ann. Jard. Botan. Buitenzorg, Suppl. ii. 1898, p. 5.
For "A Synopsis of the Tadpoles of European Batrachians," see Boulenger, P. Z. S. 1891, pp. 593-627, pls. xlv.-xlvii.; also Bedriaga, "Tableaux synoptiques pour servir à la détermination des larves des Batraciens Urodèles," C. R. Ass. Franç. Sci. ii. 1891, pp. 540-546.
Arch. mikr. Anat. xxix. 1887, p. 1.
Arch. per zool. e per l'anat. comp., Genova, 1861, p. 206.
Ann. sci. nat. (5), vii. 1876.
Mem. Acc. Torino, xxxv. 1883, and Atti Acc. Torino, xvii. 1883, p. 84. See also Woltersdorff, Zool. Garten, 1896, p. 327.
Verh. Ges. Basel, vii. 1882, p. 387.
Barfurth, Arch. Entwickmech. I. 1895, p. 117.
The Horn Scientific Expedition, 1897, p. 155.
Amer. Natural. xxix. 1895, p. 998.
J. Morphol. xi. 1895, p. 375.
P. Z. S. 1895, p. 401.
P. and F. Sarasin, "Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der ceylonesischen Blindwühle, Ichthyophis glutinosa." Ergebnisse naturwiss. Forschungen auf Ceylon, 1887-1890, vol. ii.
"Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Entwicklungsgeschichte und der Anatomie der Gymnophionen," Zool. Jahrb. Anat. x. 1897, p. 389, and xii. 1899, p. 477.
The existence of such a form as Typhlotriton, in the adult of which the eyes become closed up, makes such short diagnoses of the families defective, although there is no doubt about the Desmognathine affinities of this genus. See p. 103.
J. Coll. Japan. i. 1887, p. 269.
J. Morphol. xi. 1895, p. 375.
Amer. Natural. xxxiii. March 1899, p. 231.
Amer. Natural. March, 1899, p. 235.
Zool. Garten, 1896, p. 88.
P. Calif. Ac. (2) v. 1895, p. 776.
Amer. Natural. xxxiii. 1899, p. 691.
Amer. Natural. xxxi. 1897, p. 635.
Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xxvii. 1877, p. 522; xli. 1891, p. 365; Zool. Anz. 1882, p. 513.
Zoolog. Garten. 1896, p. 114.
Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xxv. 1875, p. 297. See also Hahn, Rev. Quest. Sci. (2), i. 1892, p. 178.
Amer. Journ. Sci. (2), xlvi. Nov. 1868, p. 364.
Zeitschr. Biol. xxxiv. 1896, pp. 340-396.
Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xxix. 1877, pp. 324 f., pl. xxii.
Ann. Mus. Genova, xvi. 1880, p. 83.
Journ. Morphol. viii. 1893, p. 269.
Amer. Natural. 1891, p. 1084.
P.Z.S. 1895, p. 150.
See also M. von Chauvin, Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. xxxviii. 1883, p. 671.
E. T. Emerson, Proc. Boston Soc. xxxii. 1905, p. 43.
Nature, lx. 1899, p. 389.
Amer. Natural. xix. 1885, p. 1226.
Proc. Ac. Philad. 1864, p. 181.
The Natural History Review, No. xvii. 1865, p. 97.
Journ. Ac. Nat. Hist. Philad. vi. p. 189.
Beddard, P.Z.S. 1895, p. 841.
Phil. Trans. B. 136, 1896, p. 1.
P.Z.S. 1890, p. 69.
P.Z.S. 1894, p. 101.
Groenberg und Klinckowstroem, "Zur Anatomie der Pipa americana," Zool. Jahrb. Anat. vii. 1894, p. 609.
P.Z.S. 1896, p. 595.
Zool. Garten, 1885, p. 299.
P.Z.S. 1899, p. 790.
Faune Vertebr. Suisse, iii. 1872, p. 587.
Zool. Garten, 1885, p. 299.
For further information, cf. Portschinsky, "Biologie des mouches coprophages et nécrophages, 2me partie. Étude sur la Lucilia bufonivora, parasite des batraciens anoures."–Horae Soc. ent. Ross. xxxii. pp. 225-279 (in Russian). German summary in Zool. Centralbl. v. 1898, pp. 855-859.
Arch. Naturg. xliv. 1868, p. 141.
Quart. J. Micr. Sci. xlii. 1899, p. 3.
Arbeiten Instit. Würzburg, x. 1895, p. 57.
Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. xxi. 1883, p. 104.
P.Z.S. 1895, p. 89 (with a sketch of a pond, with nests, in Dr. Goeldi's garden).
P.Z.S. 1895, p. 209.
Arch. Anat. und Phys. 1854, p. 449. Also Boulenger, P.Z.S. 1898, p. 107.
Quart. J. Micr. Sci. xlii. 1899, p. 313.
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) xvii. 1886, p. 461.
=Phyllobates (part) Bibron; cf. Boulenger, P.Z.S. 1888, p. 207.
See Günther, Nature, lii. 1895, p. 643.
Quart. Micr. Sci. xlii. 1899, p. 329.
Arch. Naturg. xxxiii. 1867, p. 124.
Quart. J. Micr. Sci. xlii. 1899, p. 309.
Report on the Work of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Central Australia, pt. ii. "Zoology," 1896, p. 164.
Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2), iv. 1898, p. 357.
Zool. Anz. xvii. 1894, p. 156.
An. Soc. Espan. i. 1822. See also Howes, P.Z.S. 1888, p. 231.
Quart. J. Micr. Sci. xlii. 1899, p. 307.
S. S. Flower, P.Z.S. 1896, p. 910.
Ibid. p. 909.
Boulenger, Ann. Nat. Hist. (6), iv. 1889, p. 247.
See Boulenger, P.Z.S. 1888, p. 204.
Boulenger has shown (P.Z.S. 1888) that Bibron's species of Phyllobates, hitherto grouped amongst the Cystignathidae, are Ranoids, closely allied to Hylixalus and Prostherapis. The other species now form the Cystignathoid genus Syrrhopus, Cope (cf. p. 212).
P.Z.S. 1895, p. 209.
Zool. Jahrb. Syst. xii. 1898, p. 89.
Monatsber. Berl. Ac. 1875, p. 204; 1876, p. 714.
Malay Archipelago, 2nd ed. i. 1869, p. 38.
Annotat. Zool. Jap. i. 1897, p. 113.
P.Z.S. 1896, p. 906.
Boulenger, Cat. Batrach. Salientia, p. 22.