| Page | |
| Introduction | VII |
| Order Piciformes | 1 |
| Family Picidae: American woodpeckers | 1 |
| Campephilus principalis: Ivory-billed woodpecker | 1 |
| Habits | 1 |
| Distribution | 12 |
| Dryobates villosus villosus: Eastern hairy woodpecker | 13 |
| Habits | 13 |
| Distribution | 23 |
| Dryobates villosus septentrionalis: Northern hairy woodpecker | 25 |
| Habits | 25 |
| Dryobates villosus auduboni: Southern hairy woodpecker | 27 |
| Habits | 27 |
| Dryobates villosus harrisi: Harris’s woodpecker | 29 |
| Habits | 29 |
| Dryobates villosus hyloscopus: Cabanis’s woodpecker | 33 |
| Habits | 33 |
| Dryobates villosus monticola: Rocky Mountain hairy woodpecker | 35 |
| Habits | 35 |
| Dryobates villosus picoideus: Queen Charlotte woodpecker | 37 |
| Habits | 37 |
| Dryobates villosus terraenovae: Newfoundland woodpecker | 38 |
| Habits | 38 |
| Dryobates villosus icastus: Chihuahua woodpecker | 39 |
| Habits | 39 |
| Dryobates villosus sitkensis: Sitka hairy woodpecker | 40 |
| Habits | 40 |
| Dryobates villosus orius: Modoc woodpecker | 41 |
| Habits | 41 |
| Dryobates villosus scrippsae: Lower California hairy woodpecker | 44 |
| Habits | 44 |
| Dryobates villosus leucothorectis: White-breasted woodpecker | 44 |
| Habits | 44 |
| Dryobates pubescens pubescens: Southern downy woodpecker | 45 |
| Habits | 45 |
| Distribution | 47 |
| Dryobates pubescens gairdneri: Gairdner’s woodpecker | 49 |
| Habits | 49 |
| Dryobates pubescens leucurus: Batchelder’s woodpecker | 51 |
| Habits | 51 |
| Dryobates pubescens medianus: Northern downy woodpecker | 52 |
| Habits | 52 |
| Dryobates pubescens nelsoni: Nelson’s downy woodpecker | 68 |
| Habits | 68 |
| Dryobates pubescens turati: Willow woodpecker | 69 |
| Habits | 69 |
| Dryobates borealis: Red-cockaded woodpecker | 72 |
| Habits | 72 |
| Distribution | 79 |
| Dryobates scalaris symplectus: Texas woodpecker | 79 |
| Habits | 79 |
| Distribution | 81 |
| Dryobates scalaris lucasanus: San Lucas woodpecker | 82 |
| Habits | 82 |
| Dryobates scalaris cactophilus: Cactus woodpecker | 83 |
| Habits | 83 |
| Dryobates scalaris eremicus: San Fernando woodpecker | 86 |
| Habits | 86 |
| Dryobates nuttalli: Nuttall’s woodpecker | 87 |
| Habits | 87 |
| Distribution | 91 |
| Dryobates arizonae arizonae: Arizona woodpecker | 91 |
| Habits | 91 |
| Distribution | 96 |
| Dryobates albolarvatus albolarvatus: Northern white-headed woodpecker | 97 |
| Habits | 97 |
| Distribution | 104 |
| Dryobates albolarvatus gravirostris: Southern white-headed woodpecker | 105 |
| Habits | 105 |
| Picoïdes arcticus: Arctic three-toed woodpecker | 106 |
| Habits | 106 |
| Distribution | 115 |
| Picoïdes tridactylus bacatus: American three-toed woodpecker | 116 |
| Habits | 116 |
| Distribution | 121 |
| Picoïdes tridactylus fasciatus: Alaska three-toed woodpecker | 122 |
| Habits | 122 |
| Picoïdes tridactylus dorsalis: Alpine three-toed woodpecker | 124 |
| Habits | 124 |
| Sphyrapicus varius varius: Yellow-bellied sapsucker | 126 |
| Habits | 126 |
| Distribution | 139 |
| Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis: Red-naped sapsucker | 141 |
| Habits | 141 |
| Sphyrapicus varius daggetti: Southern red-breasted sapsucker | 146 |
| Habits | 146 |
| Sphyrapicus varius ruber: Northern red-breasted sapsucker | 151 |
| Habits | 151 |
| Sphyrapicus thyroideus thyroideus: Williamson’s sapsucker | 154 |
| Habits | 154 |
| Distribution | 160 |
| Sphyrapicus thyroideus nataliae: Natalie’s sapsucker | 162 |
| Habits | 162 |
| Ceophloeus pileatus pileatus: Southern pileated woodpecker | 164 |
| Habits | 164 |
| Distribution | 170 |
| Ceophloeus pileatus abieticola: Northern pileated woodpecker | 171 |
| Habits | 171 |
| Ceophloeus pileatus floridanus: Florida pileated woodpecker | 189 |
| Habits | 189 |
| Ceophloeus pileatus picinus: Western pileated woodpecker | 191 |
| Habits | 191 |
| Melanerpes erythrocephalus: Red-headed woodpecker | 195 |
| Habits | 195 |
| Distribution | 208 |
| Balanosphyra formicivora formicivora: Ant-eating woodpecker | 211 |
| Habits | 211 |
| Distribution | 211 |
| Balanosphyra formicivora bairdi: California woodpecker | 212 |
| Habits | 212 |
| Balanosphyra formicivora angustifrons: Narrow-fronted woodpecker | 222 |
| Habits | 222 |
| Balanosphyra formicivora aculeata: Mearns’s woodpecker | 223 |
| Habits | 223 |
| Balanosphyra formicivora martirensis: San Pedro woodpecker | 226 |
| Habits | 226 |
| Asyndesmus lewis: Lewis’s woodpecker | 226 |
| Habits | 226 |
| Distribution | 236 |
| Centurus carolinus: Red-bellied woodpecker | 237 |
| Habits | 237 |
| Distribution | 244 |
| Centurus aurifrons: Golden-fronted woodpecker | 245 |
| Habits | 245 |
| Distribution | 249 |
| Centurus uropygialis uropygialis: Gila woodpecker | 250 |
| Habits | 250 |
| Distribution | 256 |
| Centurus uropygialis cardonensis: Cardon woodpecker | 257 |
| Habits | 257 |
| Centurus uropygialis brewsteri: Brewster’s woodpecker | 258 |
| Habits | 258 |
| Colaptes auratus auratus: Southern flicker | 259 |
| Habits | 259 |
| Distribution | 261 |
| Colaptes auratus luteus: Northern flicker | 264 |
| Habits | 264 |
| Colaptes cafer collaris: Red-shafted flicker | 287 |
| Habits | 287 |
| Distribution | 294 |
| Colaptes cafer cafer: Northwestern flicker | 296 |
| Habits | 296 |
| Colaptes cafer martirensis: San Pedro flicker | 298 |
| Habits | 298 |
| Colaptes chrysoides chrysoides: Cape gilded flicker | 299 |
| Habits | 299 |
| Distribution | 300 |
| Colaptes chrysoides mearnsi: Mearns’s gilded flicker | 301 |
| Habits | 301 |
| Colaptes chrysoides brunnescens: San Fernando flicker | 305 |
| Habits | 305 |
| Colaptes cafer rufipileus: Guadalupe flicker | 306 |
| Habits | 306 |
| Literature cited | 309 |
| Index | 323 |