[References are to pages.]

• Acta Diurna, 282ff.
• Advocates, methods of, 345;
• great importance of, 355;
• cheap pettifoggers, 356;
• high abilities of some lawyers, 358.
• Agrippa, Baths of, 361.
• Aliens, vast numbers of, 123;
• colonies of, in Rome, 145.
• Amphitheater, 394ff.;
• (see Gladiator Contests).
• Antiques, often spurious, 58.
• Apicius, the gourmand, 100.
• Aqueducts, 303–304.
• Arch, use of, 13.
• Architectural Forms, usually Greek, 12;
• use of arch and vault in, 13.
• Architecture, very grandiose, 258.
• Arena, arrangement of, 392;
• (see Gladiator Contests).
• Armor, of legionaries, 318.
• Army, real master of the Empire, 307;
• held under stiff discipline, 308;
• stationed on frontiers, 308–309;
• legions in, 309 ff.;
• size of, 331;
• efficiency of, 332;
• no reserves to, 332;
• (see Legionaries).
• Arria (wife of Cæcina Poetus), 76.
• Atrium, 42, 43.
• Auctions, 226.
• Audiences with emperors, 296.
• Augurs and augury, 418–419.
• Augustus, tomb of, 372;
• deified, 439.
• Auspices, taken in Senate, 340.
• Auxiliary cohorts, 327–328.

• Ball games, 206.
• Banks and bankers, 227 ff.;
• a great banker, 228;
• forms of investment, 229;
• trust business of, 229;
• savings banks, 230;
• safe deposits, 230;
• deposits in Temple of Vesta, 231.
• Banquets (see Dinners).
• Barber shops, 90, 91.
• Basilica Æmilia, 271.
• Basilica Julia, 272–274.
• Baths, popularity of, 358;
• luxurious private, 359;
• private-owned, 360–361;
• large government-owned, 360;
• great Baths of Trajan, 361 ff.;
• crowds at, 362;
• often a kind of club house, 362–363;
• entrance to, 363;
• interior of, 364;
• cold room (frigidarium), 365;
• swimming pool, 365;
• tepidarium, 365–366;
• hot baths (caldaria), 366;
• extreme luxury of, 367;
• restaurants and shops at, 367–368;
• parasites at, 368.
• Beards, revival of, 91.
• Beast fights, 399.
• Beggars, multitude of, 252.
• Bonuses (donativa), 245.
• Books, 209 ff.;
• format of, 210;
• mounting and rolling of, 211;
• copying of, 212;
• publication of, 212, 213.
• Bread, 103, 104.
• Breakfast (jentaculum), 110.
• Building materials used in Rome, 10.
• Bulla, 186.

• Caldaria, 366.
• Camp of prætorian guard, 311.
• Camps, military, 330.
• Campus Martius, view from, 7;
• general description of, 280;
• great porticoes along, 368;
• public buildings upon, 369.
• Carriages, varieties of, 455–456.
• Catacombs, used by Christians, 473.
• Cemeteries, 179–180.
• Cena (see Dinner).
• Centurions, in legions, 323–325.
• Chairs, forms of, 55–56.
• Charioteers, 383;
• (see Circus).
• Chests, 57.
• Children, legal status of, 184;
• exposure of, 184;
• very desirable, 185;
• ceremonies after birth, 185;
• names given, 186–189;
• care in educating, 189;
• toys and pets, 190;
• taught Greek, 191;
• schooling and education, 192 ff.
• Christianity, pagan account of, 449;
• persecution of, 450–451;
• charges against, 451;
• attitude of educated men towards, 452.
• Christians, gathering of, in the Catacombs, 473.
• Circus, popularity of, 382;
• charioteers in, 383;
• racing factions in, 383;
• wagering in, 384;
• Circus Maximus, 384 ff.;
• race track, 384;
• procession before races, 385–386;
• beginning of races, 386;
• dangers in races, 387;
• proclaiming victors, 387–389.
• Circus, Flaminian, 370.
• Circus Maximus, 384 ff.
• Citizenship, desirability of, 146;
• case of St. Paul, 147.
• Claudius Etruscus, powerful freedman, 142.
• Clientage, old type, 147–148;
• new type, 148.
• Clients, morning salutation by, 148–149;
• doles given, 150;
• attend their patron, 151;
• undergo insults, 151, 152.
• Clothing (see Garments).
• Cohorts, city (cohortes urbanae), 313.
• Collegia, 249 ff.
• Color, used upon sculpture, 259.
• Column of Trajan, 278–280.
• Concrete, great use of, 11.
• Congiaria, 244.
• Cookery, refinements in, 109, 110.
• Correspondence, 208.
• Couches, general use of, 54.
• Country, around Rome, 5;
• view of, 5, 6.
• Country-life, Roman love of, 453–454;
• (see Villas).
• Court, imperial;
• (see Emperor).
• Courts, law, 353 ff.;
• (see Legal Procedure).
• Crowds, typical, upon a Roman street, 21.
• Curia, 272.
• Curia Julia, arrangement of, 339.
• Cybele, worship of, 441.

• Daily Gazette (Acta Diurna), 282 ff.;
• entries and gossip in, 284, 285.
• Decurions, provincial nobles, 152.
• Deified Augustus and later emperors, 439.
• Dining room (triclinium), 45, 46.
• Dinner (cena), 111 ff.;
• time for, 111;
• standard number for, 113;
• preparing for, 114;
• arranging couches, 115;
• serving of, 116;
• courses at, 117;
• drinking bout after, 118;
• garlands and perfumes at, 119;
• very elaborate banquets, 120;
• simple home meals, 121.
• Dinner hunters, 112;
• at baths, 368.
• Discomforts of life in Rome, 33.
• Doles, public, of grain, 242, 243;
• distribution of, 244.
• Domus (mansions), 39 ff.;
• often several owned by one magnate, 39;
• plan of early, 40;
• plan of developed, 40, 41;
• price of a handsome, 41;
• entrance to, 42;
• atrium of, 42, 43;
• decorations of, 43;
• peristylium, 44;
• triclinium, 45, 46;
• special rooms in, 47;
• garden behind, 47;
• slaves’ quarters, 48;
• floors and windows of, 49;
• frescos in, 50;
• statues in, 51, 52, 53;
• furniture in, 54 ff.
• Donativa, 245.
• Drinking bout (commissatio), 118.

• Eagle of legion, 325.
• Eating-houses, 235, 236.
• Education, selection of school, 192;
• extent of literacy, 193;
• instruction of girls, 193;
• for lower classes, 193, 194;
• low-grade schools, 194;
• cruelty in schools, 195;
• superior types of schools, 196;
• methods of teaching, 197;
• reading and writing, 198;
• arithmetic, 199;
• grammarians’ high schools, 199;
• passion for oratory, 200;
• rhetoric schools, 201;
• mock debates, 202;
• popularity of rhetorical studies, 203;
• philosophy, study of, 204.
• Egypt, worship of its gods, 442.
• Emperor, center of social life, 294;
• “friends of Cæsar,” 295;
• audiences with, 296;
• ruin through disfavor of, 296, 297;
• favor most valuable, 298.
• Emperors, cult of the deified, 439–440.
• Emporium, 240.
• Encampments, military, 330.
• Entrance to house, 42.
• Epicureanism, popular, 407.
• Equites, second class nobles, 153;
• qualifications and honors of, 154, 155;
• review of, 156.
• Escorts, of rich nobles, 25.

• Factions, in circus, 383.
• Fame, passion for, in letters, 214, 215;
• in poetry, 216.
• Familia of slaves, 129, 130;
• organization of, 131.
• Festivals, great number of, 374;
• passion for spectacles, 375;
• (see Games, Public).
• Fetiales, 422.
• Fire department, 304 ff.
• Fish, great demand for, 106.
• Flamens, 420.
• Flavian amphitheater, 394–397.
• Floors, of houses, 49.
• Flowers, varieties supplied from villa gardens, 458.
• Flute-blowers, guild of, 251.
• Fora, centers of Roman life, 254;
• series of, 256;
• crowds in, 256, 257;
• centers for new, 257;
• grandiose architecture in, 258;
• use of color on sculptures, 259;
• entrance upon the series, 260;
• Temple of Venus and Rome, 261, 262;
• colossal statue of Nero, 262;
• Arch of Titus, 262;
• Temple of Vesta, 265;
• Temple of the Divine Julius, 265;
• Old Forum, 265 ff.;
• of the Emperors, 275 ff.
• Foreign cults, numerous in Rome, 437;
• why popular, 438;
• cult of Cybele or “Great Mother,” 441;
• Isis worship, 442;
• ceremonies at Temple of Isis, 443;
• Serapis worship, 445;
• Mithras worship, 445;
• nobility of Mithras cult, 446;
• Taurobolium ceremony, 448–449;
• Christianity, pagan view of, 449 ff.
• Fortresses, frontier, 330.
• Forum, morning visit to, 111;
• of Julius, 276;
• of Augustus, 277;
• of Nerva, 278;
• of Trajan, 278;
• (see Old Forum and Fora).
• Forum Romanum, 265 ff.;
• (see Old Forum).
• Fountains, public, 20.
• Freedmen, how created, 140;
• status of, 140, 141;
• humble types of, 141;
• wealthy, 142;
• importance of, 143.
• Frescos, in a Roman house, 50, 51.
• “Friends” of Emperor, 295.
• Frigidarium, 365.
• Fruits, 104, 105.
• Fullers, 89.
• Funeral monuments, 179, 182.
• Funerals, great interest in, 172;
• preliminaries to, 173;
• procession of “ancestors,” 174;
• exhibits in procession, 175;
• orations at, 176;
• tombs, 177–180;
• funeral pyre, 180, 181;
• for poorer classes, 182.

• Gain, passion for, 220.
• Galli, 441.
• Gambling, mania for, 375.
• Games, children’s, 204;
• played on boards, 205, 206;
• out-door, 206.
• Games, public, passion for, 375;
• mania for gambling at, 375;
• vast scale of, 375–376;
• great expense of, 376;
• popularity of, 377;
• seating at, 378;
• (see Theater, Circus, and Amphitheater).
• Gardens, public, around Rome, 372.
• Garlands, at dinners, 119.
• Garments, types of, 80 ff.;
• toga, 81;
• tunica, 84;
• capes, cloaks, and gala garments, 85;
• women’s stola and palla, 86, 87;
• materials of, 88;
• use of silk, 89;
• changing styles of, 89.
• Gladiators, notice of display of, 29;
• popularity of, 392;
• (see Gladiator Contests).
• Gladiator contests, enormously popular, 389;
• at funerals, 390.
• Gladiator schools, 390;
• inmates usually criminals, 391;
• severe training in, 392;
• typical arrangement of, 393;
• Flavian Amphitheater, 394–395;
• its interior arrangements, 395–396;
• procession before contests, 397;
• criminals thrown to beasts, 398;
• fights with wild beasts, 399;
• interval in sports, 400;
• distribution of lottery tickets at, 400;
• beginning of regular, 401;
• chariot warfare, 402;
• cavalry combats, 403;
• signals for ruthlessness and signals for mercy, 403;
• “Netters” and “Thracians,” 404–405;
• reward of victors, 405–406.
• Glass, used in windows, 49.
• Gluttony, 100–102.
• Golden Milestone, 269, 270.
• Gourmandizing, delight in, 100.
• Government of Rome, 299 ff.;
• city præfect, 300;
• curators and commissioners, 301;
• water supply of, 301–302;
• great aqueducts, 303;
• police and fire department, 304–305.
• Grain, trade in, 242;
• doles of, 243;
• distribution of, 244.
• Grammarians’ schools, 199.
• “Great Mother,” 441.
• Greek language, constantly used in Rome, 22, 23.
• Guests at dinner, proper number nine, 113;
• arrangement on couches, 115.
• Guilds, 249;
• very ancient ones, 250;
• importance of, 251;
• festivals of, 252.

• Hadrian, prosperity of his reign, 1, 468;
• tomb of, 370;
• his return to Italy, 469;
• his procession entering Rome, 470;
• how saluted, 472;
• presides over fêtes, 472–473.
• Hairdressing, women’s, 93;
• ornaments on hair, 93.
• Heating of houses, 49.
• Hills, Seven, of Rome, 9.
• Hospitals, almost nonexistent, 168.
• Hotels, (see Inns).
• House fronts, on typical Roman streets, 18.
• Houses (see Insulæ and Domus).

• Idlers, vast number of, 27.
• Imagines (death masks), 54.
• Impeachment trial, before Senate, 343 ff.
• Industry, quarters for, 238;
• conditions of labor in, 238, 239;
• organization in guilds, 249 ff.
• Inns, usually sordid, 231;
• type of, 232;
• reckonings at, 233;
• frequenters of, 234;
• eating houses, 235 ff.
• Insulæ (tenement houses), 34 ff.;
• typical insula, 35;
• flats in, 36;
• cheap attics in, 37;
• dangers of, 37, 38.
• Isis, cult of, 442 ff.

• Janus, 413.
• Jentaculum (breakfast), 110.
• Jesus, legal status of, 144.
• Jewels, 96 ff.
• Jews in Rome, 145.

• Kissing, habit of, in public, 27.
• Kitchens, 109.

• Lacerna, 85.
• Lacus, Curtius, 274.
• Lares and Penates, 414.
• Latrunculi (game), 205.
• Lawyers (see Advocates).
• Legacies, 170;
• hunting for, 171;
• public bequests, 172.
• Legal procedure, highly scientific, 353;
• great tribunals for, 354;
• forms of verdicts, 355;
• importance of advocates, 355;
• cheap pettifoggers, 356;
• character and slave witnesses, 357;
• use of written evidence, 357–358.
• Legate of the legion, 329.
• Legionaries, enlistment of, 314;
• organization of, 315;
• training of, 316;
• weapons of, 317–318;
• armor of, 318;
• rewards and punishment of, 319–320;
• retiring bonuses for, 329;
• pay and rations of, 320;
• training of, 321;
• non-military labors of, 322;
• petty officers of, 322–323;
• centurions of, 323–324;
• primipilus of, 325;
• eagle of, 325.
• Legions, number of, 309;
• organization of, 315 ff.;
• location and names of, 326;
• commanders of, 328;
• (see also Legionaries).
• Letters, 207, 208.
• Libraries, size of, 217;
• private, 218;
• public, 219;
• of Trajan, 280.
• Literary fame, passion for, 214 ff.
• Luncheon (prandium), 111.

• Magistrates, public honors paid to, 24.
• Mansions (see Domus).
• Manumission, 139, 140.
• Marble trade, 241.
• Marriage, men often reluctant to marry, 61;
• usually arranged by girls’ parents, 63;
• marriage treaties, 64;
• betrothal before, 65;
• dowries, 66;
• dressing bride, 66, 67;
• actual ceremonies of, 67 ff.;
• contract of, 68;
• wedding procession, 69;
• ceremonies at bridegroom’s house, 70;
• often unhappy, 72;
• divorce, easy and frequent, 74;
• happy marriages, 75.
• Masks, death (imagines), 54.
• Matrons, honors paid to, 71, 72;
• (see Women).
• Meals and meal times, 110 ff.
• Meat and poultry, 105.
• Medicine (see Physicians).
• Mimes, 380.
• Mithras, worship of, 445–446.
• Morning, how spent by gentlemen, 110.
• Morra, game of, 205.
• Mosaics, in Roman mansion, 43.

• Names, intricacy of, 186;
• irregular, 187;
• of slaves, 188;
• of women, 188;
• confusion of, 189.
• Nero, colossal statue of, 262.
• Notices, public, 29.

• Old Forum, 265 ff.;
• noble traditions of, 266;
• impression created by, 267;
• crowds in, 268, 269;
• area of, 268, 269;
• western end of, 269;
• Rostra, 269;
• Golden Milestone, 269, 270;
• Tullianum, 270, 271;
• Basilica Æmilia, 271;
• Temple of Janus, 271;
• Senate House, 272;
• Basilica Julia, 272;
• Lacus Curtius, 274.
• Olive oil, 107.
• Omens, belief in, 419–420.
• Oratory, passion for, 200;
• training in, 201 ff.;
• in Senate, 343 ff.
• Ostia, trade through, 239.
• shipping at, 247;
• naval shipping at, 248;
• harbor town at, 249.

• Pænula, 85.
• Palace, imperial, 288 ff.;
• magnificent aspect of, 289;
• famous buildings in, 290;
• triclinium and throne-room of Domitian, 291–292;
• enormous luxury of, 292;
• swarm of officials present in, 293.
• Palatine, view from, 260;
• history of, 286;
• fine residences upon, 287;
• Augustus settles upon, 287–288;
• commanding view from, 288;
• imperial palace upon, 288 ff.
• Palla, 88.
• Pantheon, 280–282.
• Pantomimes, 381;
• high art in, 382.
• Papyrus, 209, 210.
• Parasites, swarm of, in Rome, 27;
• at dinners, 112, 113;
• at baths, 368.
• Park system around Rome, 280;
• toward Tiber, 369.
• Patria Potestas, 184.
• Paul, legal status of, 147.
• Pavements, in Roman streets, 18.
• Pax Romana, blessings of, 1.
• Pearls, 97.
• Perfumes, 98;
• at dinners, 119.
• Peristylium, 44.
• Pet animals, 58;
• of children, 190.
• Philosophy, study of, 204.
• Physicians, no training required, 160;
• superior class of, 161;
• fashionable doctors, 161, 162;
• instruments and books of, 163;
• famous remedies of, 164;
• absurd medicines, 164;
• theriac, 165;
• fear of poisons, 165, 166;
• disciples of, 166;
• quack doctors, 167.
• Placards, public, 28, 29.
• Plebeians, the “mob,” 145.
• Pliny the Younger’s Tuscan villa, 459;
• charming location of, 460;
• view from, 461;
• terraces and porticoes of, 462;
• bed-chambers of, 463–464;
• gardens of, 465.
• Poetry, passion for, 216.
• Police department, 304–305.
• Pontiffs, 417.
• Population of Rome, 3, 4.
• Porticoes, along Campus Martius, 368–369.
• Portrait busts, trade in, 246.
• Præfect, of city of Rome, 300;
• of the police (vigiles), 306;
• of the camps, 328.
• Prætorian guard, 309–311;
• præfect of, 311;
• camp of, 311–312;
• organization of, 313.
• Prætorian præfect, 311.
• Prayer, formal, at sacrifice, 428.
• Priests, duties of, 417;
• (see Flamens).
• Primipilus, 325.
• Processions, attending great nobles, 24.
• Provincials, status of, 143.
• Public games, 375 ff.
• Publishers of books, 213, 214.
• Punishments, of slaves, 136;
• of soldiers, 320.

• Regia, 265.
• Regions of Rome, 15.
• Religion, signs of, everywhere, 407;
• upper classes sceptical, 407–408;
• Stoicism popular, 408;
• revival of, under Empire, 409;
• many foreign cults, 410;
• plebeians very superstitious, 411;
• based on old Italian agriculture, 412;
• native Italian gods, 413;
• Lares and Penates, 414;
• personified virtues as gods, 415;
• legalistic character of, 416;
• priests not sacrosanct, 417;
• Pontifices, 417–418;
• Augurs, 418;
• Flamens, 420;
• Salii, 421;
• Fetiales, 422;
• Arval Brethren, 423;
• rustic, 424;
• soothsayers and astrologers, 424–425;
• sacrifices, private, 425;
• ceremony at temple, 426;
• slaughtering the victim, 427;
• formal prayer, 428;
• Vestal Virgins, 429 ff.;
• (see Foreign Cults).
• Restaurants (see Eating-Houses).
• Rhetoricians, 201;
• schools of, 202 ff.
• Rings, 96.
• Robbers, game of, 205.
• Roman Empire very prosperous under Hadrian, 1.
• Rome, beautified by Augustus and later Emperors, 3;
• reaches architectural perfection about 135 A.D., 3;
• population of, 3, 4;
• crowded condition of, 4;
• country around, 5;
• view from Campus Martius, 7;
• Seven Hills of, 9;
• regions and social quarters of, 15;
• typical street in, 16;
• discomforts of life in, 33;
• vast alien population in, 122;
• divisions of society in, 123 ff.;
• great Jewish colony in, 145;
• plebeians in, 145, 146;
• life in, extravagant and expensive, 221;
• a city of investors and buyers of luxuries, 222;
• great shopping quarters in, 223;
• industrial quarters in, 210 ff.;
• city government of, 299 ff.
• Rostra, 269.

• Sacrifices, private description of, 425 ff.
• Salii, 421.
• Salutations, form of, in public, 26.
• Sandals, 95.
• Saturnalia, 437.
• Schools (see Educators).
• Scribblings, upon every wall, 30, 31.
• Sculptures, trade in, 246;
• often colored, 259.
• Seat of honor, at festivals, 378.
• Secretaries, 209.
• Senate, outward glory of, 334;
• actual weakness of, 335;
• actual authority of, 336;
• organization and procedure of, 337–338;
• Curia (Senate House) for, 338;
• arrangement of seats, 339;
• precedence in, 339–340;
• opening of session, 340;
• auspices in, 340–341;
• routine business in, 341;
• taking of vote, 342;
• impeachment before, 342–343;
• use of water clocks, 344;
• oratory in, 344;
• advocates before, 345;
• shouts and invectives during debates, 347;
• taking the opinion of, 348 ff.;
• speeches from floor of, 349;
• uproar in, 350;
• formal division in, 351;
• decree of banishment, 352;
• end of session, 352.
• Senate House, 272.
• Senatorial order, 156;
• includes relatives of senators, 158.
• Senators, social glories of, 157;
• form a high aristocracy, 158;
• insignia and titles of, 158;
• great importance of, 159.
• Serapis, worship of, 445.
• “Seven Hills” of Rome, 9.
• Shipping, merchant, 247, 248;
• naval, 248.
• Shoes, 95.
• Shop fronts, 18.
• Shops, vast number of, 18;
• shopping districts in Rome, 223, 224;
• arrangement of shops, 224;
• of barbers, 225;
• superior retail stores, 226.
• Shrines, upon streets, 20.
• Siege warfare, 331.
• Siesta, custom of, 112.
• Silk, use of, 89.
• Slaves, notice to, 42;
• vast numbers of, 124;
• power of master over, 125;
• city slaves and country slaves, 125–126;
• purchase of, 126, 127;
• auction of, 128;
• sale of superior, 129;
• size of household of, 129, 130;
• workmen as, 130;
• duties of, 131;
• organization of, 131;
• discipline of, 132;
• frequently idle, 133;
• degradation of slave system, 133;
• evil results on masters, 134;
• punishment of, 135;
• branding of, 136;
• pursuit of runaways, 137;
• torture of, 138;
• manumission of, 139.
• Society, divisions of, 123, 124.
• Soldiers (see Legionaries).
• Soothsayers, 424.
• Statues, vast multiplication of, 51;
• portrait busts, 52, 53.
• Status, in Roman society, 123.
• Stoicism, popularity of, 408.
• Stola, 87.
• Streets, typical in Rome, 16;
• very narrow, 17;
• paving of, 17, 18;
• shops upon, 18;
• shrines and fountains upon, 20, 21;
• crowds in, 21;
• noise and turmoil of, 23;
• dark and dangerous at night, 32;
• extremely noisy towards dawn, 33.
• Suicide, not condemned, 168.

• Tables, 56;
• costly, of citrus wood, 57.
• Tablets, writing, 207.
• Tactics, in battle, 330.
• Taurobolium, 447.
• Taverns (see Inns).
• Temple, of the Divine Julius, 265;
• of Janus, 271;
• of Mars Ultor, 277;
• of Peace, 276;
• of Venus and Rome, 261, 262;
• of Vesta, 265.
• Tenement blocks (insulæ), 34 ff.
• Tepidarium, 365.
• Theater, not extremely popular, 378;
• stage in, 379;
• spectacles in, 380;
• mimes, 380;
• pantomimes, 381;
• high art in latter, 382.
• Theaters upon Campus Martius, 369.
• Thermopolia, 236.
• Tiber, and valley of, 6;
• barges upon, 240;
• trip down to Ostia, 247;
• shipping upon, 248.
• Time, measured by water clocks, 344.
• Titus, arch of, 262.
• Toga, 81–84.
• Toilets, very elaborate, 94.
• Tombs, 177–180;
• of Hadrian, 370;
• of Augustus, 372.
• Toys, 190.
• Trade, through Ostia and Campania, 239;
• Emporium and wharves, 240;
• upon Tiber, 240, 241;
• in marble and grain, 241, 242;
• in sculptures and portrait statues, 246.
• Trajan, forum and column of, 278–280;
• baths of, 361 ff.
• Travel, modes of, 454–456.
• Traveler’s escorts, 25, 26.
• Triclinium (dining room), 45, 46.
• Trigon (ball game), 206.
• Triumph, ceremonies of a, 470.
• Tullianum, 270, 271.
• Tunica, 84.
• Turia, story of, 78.

• Vegetables, 104.
• Veterans, care and rewards of, 329–330.
• Vesta, Temple of, as safe deposit, 231.
• Vestal Virgins, 429 ff.;
• origin and sanctity, 430;
• temple and residence of, 431;
• how chosen, 432;
• duties of, 433;
• senior vestal (Maxima), 433;
• punishment of, 434;
• great honors of, 435.
• Via Sacra, 261, 263 ff.
• Victory, statue of, in Senate, 340.
• Vigiles, city police, 28;
• description of, 304 ff.
• Villas, several owned by one senator, 39;
• greatly enjoyed, 453;
• comfortable travel to, 454–456;
• multiplication of, 456;
• by the sea shore, 457;
• in the mountains, 457–458;
• near Rome, 458;
• great estates in the hills, 459;
• Pliny’s Tuscan villa, 459 ff.
• Vitellius, imperial glutton, 102.

• Wall scribblings, 30.
• War, ceremony of declaring, 423.
• Water clocks, 57;
• in Senate, 344.
• Water supply of Rome, 301 ff.
• Wealth, vast premium upon in Rome, 220, 221.
• Weapons, of legionaries, 317, 318.
• Wills, 169.
• Windows of houses, 49.
• Wines, 107, 108, 109.
• Writing tablets, 207.
• Women, honorable status of, 60;
• rights and privileges when married, 61, 71, 72;
• have control of property, 62;
• selection of husbands for girls, 63;
• marriage treaties, 64;
• betrothal ceremonies, 65;
• dowries of, 66;
• marriage of, 66 ff.;
• frivolous type of, 72, 73;
• nobler types of, 75;
• famous and devoted wives, 76, 77;
• case of Turia, 78, 79.