| MEDIEVAL RHETORIC |
| A. Sources |
| I. Inheritance of declamatio, as typically through Sidonius, 77-87 |
| II. Authorities |
| 1. De inventione (rhetorica prima), 89, 152, 175 |
| 2. Rhetorica ad Herennium (rhetorica secunda), 90, 181 |
| 3. Ars poetica, 86, 88, 129, 159 |
| 4. (secondary) Martianus Capella, 92-95, 179, 193 |
| 5. (occasional) Cicero, De oratore, 143; Quintilian, 169, 175 |
| B. Fields |
| [Of the three ancient fields, deliberative, forensic, and occasional, the characteristically medieval use was of the third.] |
| I. Dictamen, 206-227 |
| II. Preaching, 51-73, 228-257 |
| C. Components |
| I. Investigation (inventio) largely transferred to dialectica (which see, and also judicium, status, topica), 172, 182, 192 |
| 1. inventio perverted, 187, 191 |
| II. Order (dispositio) little taught, 171, 180, 196; perverted, 179 |
| 1. conventional items for encomium, 30-32, 187 |
| 2. natural order and artistic, 180 |
| 3. traditional parts |
| a. exordium (in dictamen), 215, 221 |
| b. statement (narratio, in dictamen), 215, 222 |
| (1) narratio perverted to narrative, 193 |
| (2) fabula, historia, argumentum, 161, 175 |
| c. argument (confirmatio, refutatio) largely transferred to dialectica |
| (1) petitio (in dictamen), 215, 222 |
| d. conclusion, 222 |
| III. Style (elocutio) |
| 1. diction |
| a. three styles (tenue, medium, grande), 68, 144, 216 |
| (1) Rota Virgili, 192 |
| (2) high style, 270, 292 |
| b. elegance (with review of correctness), 82, 216 |
| c. aptness |
| (1) conformity to type, 35, 159, 187 |
| (2) in dictamen, especially important for salutatio, 220, 221 |
| d. elaboration (ornatus, dignitas), 79, 82, 216, 219 |
| (1) descriptive dilation (through poetria), 85, 174, 180, 186, 294 |
| (2) figures (in poetria and dictamen) from Rhetorica ad Herennium |
| (a) figuræ verborum |
| 1. repetitio, initial repetition |
| 2. conversio, end repetition |
| 3. complexio, 1 with 2 |
| 4. traductio, iteration |
| 5. contentio, antithesis |
| 6. exclamatio, exclamation |
| 7. interrogatio, summary challenge |
| 8. ratiocinatio, questioning oneself |
| 9. sententia, apothegm |
| 10. contrarium, putting the opposite |
| 11. membrum, clause in relation |
| 12. articulus, staccato |
| 13. continuatio, closing series |
| 14. compar, balance |
| 15. similiter cadens, rime on inflections |
| 16. similiter desinens, rime |
| 17. annominatio, word-play |
| 18. subiectio, suggestion of reply |
| 19. gradatio, linking repetition |
| 20. definitio, definition |
| 21. transitio, linking summary |
| 22. correctio, substitution |
| 23. occupatio (occultatio, præteritio) specifying under cover of passing over |
| 24. disiunctio, syntactical separation |
| 25. coniunctio, syntactical combination |
| 26. adiunctio, salient key-word |
| 27. conduplicatio, iteration |
| 28. interpretatio, repetition in other words |
| 29. commutatio, chiasmus |
| 30. permissio (concessio), yielding |
| 31. dubitatio, feigned hesitation |
| 32. expeditio, logical exclusion |
| 33. dissolutio, asyndeton |
| 34. præcisio (aposiopesis), unfinished sentence |
| 35. conclusio, syllogistic summary |
| [the ten tropi] |
| 36. nominatio, onomatopœia |
| 37. pronominatio, title or epithet for name |
| 38. denominatio, metonymy |
| 39. circuitio, periphrasis |
| 40. transgressio, hyperbaton |
| 41. superlatio, hyperbole |
| 42. intellectio, synecdoche |
| 43. abusio, catachresis |
| 44. translatio, metaphor |
| 45. permutatio, allegorical or ironical allusion |
| (b) figuræ sententiarum |
| 1. distributio, itemizing |
| 2. licentia, boldness |
| 3. diminutio, disparagement |
| 4. descriptio, descriptive detail |
| 5. divisio, dilemma |
| 6. frequentatio, cumulation |
| 7. expolitio, iteration |
| 8. sermocinatio, direct discourse |
| 9. commoratio, iteration |
| 10. contentio, antithesis |
| 11. similitudo, simile |
| 12. exemplum, instance |
| 13. imago, comparison |
| 14. effictio, portrait |
| 15. notatio, ethopœia |
| 16. conformatio, prosopopœia |
| 17. significatio, suggestion, insinuation |
| 18. brevitas, rapid narration |
| 19. demonstratio, ecphrasis |
| 2. sentence movement (compositio), 83, 216 |
| a. prosaicum (epistolare), metricum, rhythmicum, 220 |
| b. stilus Aurelianensis, Hilarianus, Isidorianus, Romanus, Tullianus, 194, 217 |
| c. distinctiones |
| (1) dependens (cæsum), 218 |
| (2) constans (membrum), 218 |
| (3) periodus (circuitus), 219 |
| d. euphony, 83, 218, 221 |
| e. balance, 42-48, 80, 145, 252 |
| (1) prose rime, 252, 253 |
| (2) refrain, 254-257 |
| f. cadence, 69, 70, 250 |
| (1) cursus: planus, tardus, velox, 223-227 |
| IV. Delivery (237) and V. Memory (163) little discussed |
| MEDIEVAL POETIC |
| A. Poetica in School |
| I. Prælectio, 88, 129, 160-164 |
| II. Metric and Verse-writing, 87, 96, 129, 131, 184 |
| 1. coöperative and cumulative school verse, 141, 191 |
| 2. merging of poetic with rhetoric, 76, 186, 193 |
| a. doctrine from Ars poetica, 86, 159 |
| b. figures from Rhetorica ad Herennium (see above) |
| III. Kinds of Poetry, 131, 175 |
| B. Latin Poetry |
| I. Ambrosian Development, 116-118, 132 |
| II. Corde natus Development, 119-121, 134, 201 |
| III. Other Hymn Measures, 121, 122, 136-141 |
| IV. Dactylic and Spondaic Effects, 122, 137, 198 |
| V. Rime and Stanza, 141, 197-203 |
| C. Symbolism |
| I. Allegory, 92, 104, 172, 173 |
| II. Type, Prefiguration, Mysticism, 120, 124, 203-205, 239-245, 273-276 |
| D. Vernacular Narrative |
| I. Epic: Germanic (intensive), 145-149; French (extensive), 259, 260 |
| II. Romance |
| 1. conventions of composition, 196, 261, 267, 281 |
| 2. salience and movement, 263, 268, 269, 275-277, 297 |
| a. dialogue, 266, 286 |
| 3. characterization, 265-267, 287-289, 298 |
| III. Oral Values and Habits, 245, 285, 301 |