This
Expedition of Alexander
opens with his consulting the oracle
at
Delphos
, in which the dumb Conjuror, who has been visited by
so many Persons of Quality of late Years, is to be introduced as telling
him his Fortune; At the same time
Clench
of
Barnet
is
represented in another Corner of the Temple, as ringing the Bells of
Delphos
, for joy of his arrival.
Tent of
Darius
is to
be Peopled by the Ingenious Mrs.
Salmon
, where Alexander is
to fall in Love with a Piece of Wax-Work, that represents the beautiful
Statira
.
Alexander comes into that Country, in which
Quintus Curtius
tells us the Dogs were so exceeding fierce that
they would not loose their hold, tho' they were cut to pieces Limb by
Limb, and that they would hang upon their Prey by their Teeth when they
had nothing but a Mouth left, there is to be a scene of
Hockley in
the Hole
, in which is to be represented all the Diversions of
that Place, the Bull-baiting only excepted, which cannot possibly be
exhibited in the Theatre, by Reason of the Lowness of the Roof. The
several Woods in
Asia
, which
Alexander
must be supposed to
pass through, will give the Audience a Sight of Monkies dancing upon
Ropes, with many other Pleasantries of that ludicrous Species. At the
same time, if there chance to be any Strange Animals in Town, whether
Birds or Beasts, they may be either let loose among the Woods, or driven
across the Stage by some of the Country People of
Asia
.
the last
great Battel, Pinkethman
is to personate King
Porus
upon an
Elephant
, and is to be encountered by
Powell
representing
Alexander
the Great upon a Dromedary, which nevertheless Mr.
Powell
is desired to call by the Name of
Bucephalus
.
the Close of this
great decisive Battel, when the two Kings are thoroughly reconciled, to
shew the mutual Friendship and good Correspondence that reigns between
them, they both of them go together to a Puppet-Show, in which the
ingenious Mr.
Powell, junior
may have an Opportunity of displaying
his whole Art of Machinery, for the Diversion of the two Monarchs. Some
at the Table urged that a Puppet-Show was not a suitable Entertainment
for
Alexander
the Great; and that it might be introduced more
properly, if we suppose the Conqueror touched upon that part of
India
which is said to be inhabited by the Pigmies. But this Objection was
looked upon as frivolous, and the Proposal immediately over-ruled.
Projector further added, that after the Reconciliation of these two
Kings they might invite one another to Dinner, and either of them
entertain his Guest with the
German Artist
, Mr.
Pinkethman's
Heathen
Gods
, or any of the like Diversions, which shall then chance to be in vogue.
This Project was receiv'd with very great Applause by the whole Table.
which the Undertaker told us, that he had not yet communicated to
us above half his Design; for that
Alexander
being a
Greek
, it was
his Intention that the whole Opera should be acted in that Language,
which was a Tongue he was sure would wonderfully please the Ladies,
especially when it was a little raised and rounded by the
Ionick
Dialect; and could not but be
acceptable
to the whole Audience,
because there are fewer of them who understand
Greek
than
Italian
.
The only Difficulty that remained, was, how to get Performers, unless we
could persuade some Gentlemen of the Universities to learn to sing, in
order to qualify themselves for the Stage; but this Objection soon
vanished, when the Projector informed us that the
Greeks
were at
present the only Musicians in the
Turkish
Empire, and that it would be
very easy for our Factory at
Smyrna
to furnish us every Year with a
Colony of Musicians, by the Opportunity of the
Turkey
Fleet; besides,
says he, if we want any single Voice for any lower Part in the Opera,
Lawrence
can learn to speak
Greek
, as well as he does
Italian
, in a Fortnight's time.
The Projector having thus settled Matters, to the good liking of all
that heard him, he left his Seat at the Table, and planted himself
before the Fire, where I had unluckily taken my Stand for the
Convenience of over-hearing what he said. Whether he had observed me to
be more attentive than ordinary, I cannot tell, but he had not stood by
me above a Quarter of a Minute, but he turned short upon me on a sudden,
and catching me by a Button of my Coat, attacked me very abruptly after
the following manner.
Besides, Sir, I have heard of a very extraordinary
Genius for Musick that lives in Switzerland, who has so strong a
Spring in his Fingers, that he can make the Board of an Organ sound like
a Drum, and if I could but procure a Subscription of about Ten Thousand
Pound every Winter, I would undertake to fetch him over, and oblige him
by Articles to set every thing that should be sung upon the
English Stage.
this he looked full in my Face, expecting I
would make an Answer, when by good Luck, a Gentleman that had entered
the Coffee-house since the Projector applied himself to me, hearing him
talk of his
Swiss
Compositions, cry'd out with a kind of Laugh,
Is our Musick then to receive further Improvements from
Switzerland!8
This alarmed the Projector, who immediately let
go my Button, and turned about to answer him. I took the Opportunity of
the Diversion, which seemed to be made in favour of me, and laying down
my Penny upon the Bar, retired with some Precipitation.
C.
An advertisement of Mrs. Salmon's wax-work in the
Tatler
for Nov. 30, 1710, specifies among other attractions the
Turkish Seraglio in wax-work, the Fatal Sisters that spin, reel, and cut
the thread of man's life,
'an Old Woman flying from Time, who shakes his
head and hour-glass with sorrow at seeing age so unwilling to die.
Nothing but life can exceed the motions of the heads, hands, eyes, &c.,
of these figures, &c.'
Hockley-in-the-Hole, memorable for its Bear Garden, was on
the outskirt of the town, by Clerkenwell Green; with Mutton Lane on the
East and the fields on the West. By Town's End Lane (called Coppice Row
since the levelling of the coppice-crowned knoll over which it ran)
through Pickled-Egg Walk (now Crawford's Passage) one came to
Hockley-in-the-Hole or Hockley Hole, now Ray Street. The leveller has
been at work upon the eminences that surrounded it. In Hockley Hole,
dealers in rags and old iron congregated. This gave it the name of Rag
Street, euphonized into Ray Street since 1774. In the
Spectator's
time its Bear Garden, upon the site of which there are now metal works,
was a famous resort of the lowest classes. 'You must go to
Hockley-in-the-Hole, child, to learn valour,' says Mr. Peachum to Filch
in the
Beggar's Opera
.
William Penkethman was a low comedian dear to the gallery
at Drury Lane as 'Pinkey,' very popular also as a Booth Manager at
Bartholomew Fair. Though a sour critic described him as
'the Flower of
Bartholomew Fair and the Idol of the Rabble; a Fellow that overdoes
everything, and spoils many a Part with his own Stuff,'
the
Spectator
has in another paper given honourable fame to his skill as a comedian.
Here there is but the whimsical suggestion of a favourite showman and
low comedian mounted on an elephant to play King Porus.
George Powell, who in 1711 and 1712 appeared in such
characters as Falstaff, Lear, and Cortez in
the Indian Emperor,
now
and then also played the part of the favourite stage hero, Alexander the
Great in Lee's
Rival Queens
. He was a good actor, spoilt by
intemperance, who came on the stage sometimes warm with Nantz brandy,
and courted his heroines so furiously that Sir John Vanbrugh said they
were almost in danger of being conquered on the spot. His last new part
of any note was in 1713, Portius in Addison's
Cato
. He lived on for a
few wretched years, lost to the public, but much sought by sheriff's
officers.
'Powell junior' of the Puppet Show (see
, p. 59,
ante
) was a more prosperous man than his namesake of Drury Lane. In De
Foe's
Groans of Great Britain
, published in 1813, we read:
'
I was the other Day at a Coffee-House when the following
Advertisement was thrown in.
At Punch's Theatre in the Little
Piazza, Covent-Garden, this present Evening will be performed an
Entertainment, called, The History of Sir Richard Whittington,
shewing his Rise from a Scullion to be Lord-Mayor of London, with the
Comical Humours of Old Madge, the jolly Chamber-Maid, and the
Representation of the Sea, and the Court of Great Britain, concluding
with the Court of Aldermen, and Whittington Lord-Mayor, honoured
with the Presence of K. Hen. VIII and his Queen Anna Bullen, with
other diverting Decorations proper to the Play, beginning at 6
o'clock. Note, No money to be returned after the Entertainment is
begun. Boxes, 2s. Pit, 1s. Vivat Regina.
On enquiring into the Matter, I find this has long been a noble
Diversion of our Quality and Gentry; and that Mr. Powell, by
Subscriptions and full Houses, has gathered such Wealth as is ten
times sufficient to buy all the Poets in England; that he seldom goes
out without his Chair, and thrives on this incredible Folly to that
degree, that, were he a Freeman, he might hope that some future
Puppet-Show might celebrate his being Lord Mayor, as he has done Sir
R. Whittington.'
'Mr. Penkethman's Wonderful Invention call'd the Pantheon: or, the
Temple of the Heathen Gods. The Work of several Years, and great
Expense, is now perfected; being a most surprising and magnificent
Machine, consisting of 5 several curious Pictures, the Painting and
contrivance whereof is beyond Expression Admirable. The Figures, which
are above 100, and move their Heads, Legs, Arms, and Fingers, so
exactly to what they perform, and setting one Foot before another,
like living Creatures, that it justly deserves to be esteem'd the
greatest Wonder of the Age. To be seen from 10 in the Morning till 10
at Night, in the Little Piazza, Covent Garden, in the same House where
Punch's Opera is. Price 1s. 6d., 1s., and the lowest, 6d.'
This Advertisement was published in
and a few following numbers of
the
Spectator
.
wonderfully acceptable
The satire is against Heidegger. See
, p. 56,
ante
.
Contents
Contents p.2
|
Friday, April 6, 1711 |
Steele |
Nil illi larvâ aut tragicis opus esse Cothurnis.
Hor.
The late Discourse concerning the Statutes of the
Ugly-Club
,
having been so well received at
Oxford
, that, contrary to the
strict Rules of the Society, they have been so partial as to take my own
Testimonial, and admit me into that select Body; I could not restrain
the Vanity of publishing to the World the Honour which is done me. It is
no small Satisfaction, that I have given Occasion for the President's
shewing both his Invention and Reading to such Advantage as my
Correspondent reports he did: But it is not to be doubted there were
many very proper Hums and Pauses in his Harangue, which lose their
Ugliness in the Narration, and which my Correspondent (begging his
Pardon) has no very good Talent at representing. I very much approve of
the Contempt the Society has of Beauty: Nothing ought to be laudable in
a Man, in which his Will is not concerned; therefore our Society can
follow Nature, and where she has thought fit, as it were, to mock
herself, we can do so too, and be merry upon the Occasion.
Mr.
Spectator,
'Your making publick the late Trouble I gave you, you will find to
have been the Occasion of this: Who should I meet at the Coffee-house
Door t'other Night, but my old Friend Mr. President? I saw somewhat
had pleased him; and as soon as he had cast his Eye upon me,
"Oho, Doctor, rare News from London, (says he); the Spectator
has made honourable Mention of the Club (Man) and published to the
World his sincere Desire to be a Member, with a recommendatory
Description of his Phiz: And tho' our Constitution has made no
particular Provision for short Faces, yet, his being an
extraordinary Case, I believe we shall find an Hole for him to creep
in at; for I assure you he is not against the Canon; and if his
Sides are as compact as his Joles, he need not disguise himself to
make one of us."
I presently called for the Paper to see how you looked in Print; and
after we had regaled our selves a while upon the pleasant Image of our
Proselite, Mr. President told me I should be his Stranger at the next
Night's Club: Where we were no sooner come, and Pipes brought, but Mr.
President began an Harangue upon your Introduction to my Epistle;
setting forth with no less Volubility of Speech than Strength of
Reason,
"That a Speculation of this Nature was what had been long and
much wanted; and that he doubted not but it would be of inestimable
Value to the Publick, in reconciling even of Bodies and Souls; in
composing and quieting the Minds of Men under all corporal
Redundancies, Deficiencies, and Irregularities whatsoever; and making
every one sit down content in his own Carcase, though it were not
perhaps so mathematically put together as he could wish." And again,
"How that for want of a due Consideration of what you first advance,
viz. that our Faces are not of our own choosing, People had
been transported beyond all good Breeding, and hurried themselves into
unaccountable and fatal Extravagancies: As, how many impartial
Looking-Glasses had been censured and calumniated, nay, and sometimes
shivered into ten thousand Splinters, only for a fair Representation
of the Truth? How many Headstrings and Garters had been made
accessory, and actually forfeited, only because Folks must needs
quarrel with their own Shadows? And who (continues he) but is deeply
sensible, that one great Source of the Uneasiness and Misery of human
Life, especially amongst those of Distinction, arises from nothing in
the World else, but too severe a Contemplation of an indefeasible
Contexture of our external Parts, or certain natural and invincible
Disposition to be fat or lean? When a little more of Mr.
Spectator's
Philosophy would take off all this; and in the mean time let them
observe, that there's not one of their Grievances of this Sort, but
perhaps in some Ages of the World has been highly in vogue; and may be
so again, nay, in some Country or other ten to one is so at this Day.
My Lady
Ample is the most miserable Woman in the World, purely
of her own making: She even grudges her self Meat and Drink, for fear
she should thrive by them; and is constantly crying out, In a Quarter
of a Year more I shall be quite out of all manner of Shape! Now
the1 Lady's Misfortune
seems to be only this, that she is planted
in a wrong Soil; for, go but t'other Side of the Water, it's a Jest at
Harlem to talk of a Shape under eighteen Stone. These wise
Traders regulate their Beauties as they do their Butter, by the Pound;
and Miss
Cross, when she first arrived in the
Low-Countries, was not computed to be so handsom as Madam
Van Brisket by near half a Tun. On the other hand, there's
'Squire
Lath, a proper Gentleman of Fifteen hundred Pound
per Annum, as well as of an unblameable Life and Conversation;
yet would not I be the Esquire for half his Estate; for if it was as
much more, he'd freely pare with it all for a pair of Legs to his
Mind: Whereas in the Reign of our first King
Edward of glorious
Memory, nothing more modish than a Brace of your fine taper
Supporters; and his Majesty without an Inch of Calf, managed Affairs
in Peace and War as laudably as the bravest and most politick of his
Ancestors; and was as terrible to his Neighbours under the Royal Name
of
Long-shanks, as
Coeur de Lion to the
Saracens
before him. If we look farther back into History we shall find, that
Alexander the Great wore his Head a little over the left
Shoulder; and then not a Soul stirred out 'till he had adjusted his
Neck-bone; the whole Nobility addressed the Prince and each other
obliquely, and all Matters of Importance were concerted and carried on
in the
Macedonian Court with their Polls on one Side.
For about
the first Century nothing made more Noise in the World than
Roman Noses, and then not a Word of them till they revived
again in Eighty eight
2. Nor is it so very long since
Richard
the Third set up half the Backs of the Nation; and high Shoulders, as
well as high Noses, were the Top of the Fashion. But to come to our
selves, Gentlemen, tho' I find by my quinquennial Observations that we
shall never get Ladies enough to make a Party in our own Country, yet
might we meet with better Success among some of our Allies. And what
think you if our Board sate for a
Dutch Piece? Truly I am of
Opinion, that as odd as we appear in Flesh and Blood, we should be no
such strange Things in Metzo-Tinto. But this Project may rest 'till
our Number is compleat; and this being our Election Night, give me
leave to propose Mr.
Spectator: You see his Inclinations, and perhaps
we may not have his Fellow."
I found most of them (as it is usual in all such Cases) were prepared;
but one of the Seniors (whom by the by Mr. President had taken all
this Pains to bring over) sate still, and cocking his Chin, which
seemed only to be levelled at his Nose, very gravely declared,
"That
in case he had had sufficient Knowledge of you, no Man should have
been more willing to have served you; but that he, for his part, had
always had regard to his own Conscience, as well as other Peoples
Merit; and he did not know but that you might be a handsome Fellow;
for as for your own Certificate, it was every Body's Business to speak
for themselves."
Mr. President immediately retorted,
"A handsome
Fellow! why he is a Wit (Sir) and you know the Proverb;"
and to ease
the old Gentleman of his Scruples, cried,
"That for Matter of Merit it
was all one, you might wear a Mask."
This threw him into a Pause, and
he looked, desirous of three Days to consider on it; but Mr. President
improved the Thought, and followed him up with an old Story,
"That
Wits were privileged to wear what Masks they pleased in all Ages; and
that a Vizard had been the constant Crown of their Labours, which was
generally presented them by the Hand of some Satyr, and sometimes of
Apollo himself:"
For the Truth of which he appealed to the
Frontispiece of several Books, and particularly to the
English
Juvenal3, to which he referred him; and only added,
"That such
Authors were the
Larvati4 or
Larvâ donati of the
Ancients."
This cleared up all, and in the Conclusion you were chose
Probationer; and Mr. President put round your Health as such,
protesting,
"That tho' indeed he talked of a Vizard, he did not
believe all the while you had any more Occasion for it than the
Cat-a-mountain;"
so that all you have to do now is to pay your Fees,
which here are very reasonable if you are not imposed upon; and you
may stile your self
Informis Societatis Socius: Which I am
desired to acquaint you with; and upon the same I beg you to accept of
the Congratulation of,
Sir,
Your oblig'd humble Servant,
R. A. C.
Oxford March 21.
this
At the coming of William III.
The third edition of Dryden's
Satires of Juvenal and
Persius
, published in 1702, was the first 'adorn'd with Sculptures.' The
Frontispiece represents at full length Juvenal receiving a mask of Satyr
from Apollo's hand, and hovered over by a Cupid who will bind the Head
to its Vizard with a Laurel Crown.
Larvati were bewitched persons; from Larva, of which the
original meaning is a ghost or spectre; the derived meanings are, a Mask
and a Skeleton.
Contents
Contents p.2
|
Saturday, April 7, 1711 |
Steele |
Fervidus tecum Puer, et solutis
Gratiæ zonis, properentque Nymphæ,
Et parum comis sine te Juventas,
Mercuriusque.
Hor. ad Venerem.
A friend of mine has two Daughters, whom I will call
Lætitia
and
Daphne
; The Former is one of the Greatest Beauties of the Age in
which she lives, the Latter no way remarkable for any Charms in her
Person. Upon this one Circumstance of their Outward Form, the Good and
Ill of their Life seems to turn.
Lætitia
has not, from her very
Childhood, heard any thing else but Commendations of her Features and
Complexion, by which means she is no other than Nature made her, a very
beautiful Outside. The Consciousness of her Charms has rendered her
insupportably Vain and Insolent, towards all who have to do with her.
Daphne
, who was almost Twenty before one civil Thing had ever
been said to her, found her self obliged to acquire some Accomplishments
to make up for the want of those Attractions which she saw in her
Sister. Poor
Daphne
was seldom submitted to in a Debate wherein
she was concerned; her Discourse had nothing to recommend it but the
good Sense of it, and she was always under a Necessity to have very well
considered what she was to say before she uttered it; while
Lætitia
was listened to with Partiality, and Approbation sate in
the Countenances of those she conversed with, before she communicated
what she had to say. These Causes have produced suitable Effects, and
Lætitia
is as insipid a Companion, as
Daphne
is an
agreeable one.
Lætitia
, confident of Favour, has studied no Arts
to please;
Daphne
, despairing of any Inclination towards her
Person, has depended only on her Merit.
Lætitia
has always
something in her Air that is sullen, grave and disconsolate.
Daphne
has a Countenance that appears chearful, open and
unconcerned. A young Gentleman saw
Lætitia
this Winter at a
Play, and became her Captive. His Fortune was such, that he wanted very
little Introduction to speak his Sentiments to her Father. The Lover was
admitted with the utmost Freedom into the Family, where a constrained
Behaviour, severe Looks, and distant Civilities, were the highest
Favours he could obtain of
Lætitia
; while
Daphne
used him
with the good Humour, Familiarity, and Innocence of a Sister: Insomuch
that he would often say to her,
Dear
Daphne;
wert thou but as
Handsome as Lætitia!
— She received such Language with that
ingenuous and pleasing Mirth, which is natural to a Woman without
Design. He still Sighed in vain for
Lætitia
, but found certain
Relief in the agreeable Conversation of
Daphne
. At length,
heartily tired with the haughty Impertinence of