The Principles of Leather Manufacture

A comprehensive technical manual explains the scientific principles and practical processes of converting hides and skins into leather. It surveys historical tanning methods and examines skin anatomy and the chemistry of keratins, gelatine and connective tissues, linking these to physical chemistry concepts such as swelling, osmotic effects, and the action of acids and alkalies. Practical operations are covered in detail — curing, soaking, depilation, liming, bating, deliming, drying, and tannages including vegetable, alum and chromium — alongside discussion of fermentation, antiseptics, water quality, and analytical techniques. The text combines laboratory theory with trade practice and guidance for process control and troubleshooting.