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Journal of a tour in Marocco and the Great Atlas

Chapter 60: INDEX.
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About This Book

The narrative records a scientific travel account across Morocco and the High Atlas, blending descriptive travelogue with detailed botanical and geological observation. It follows progress through coastal towns, mountain valleys and cultivated gardens, noting climate, vegetation zones, species collected, and changes in landscape while describing encounters with local authorities, nomadic groups and urban communities. Recurrent practical difficulties of travel, including negotiation, camping and ascent into snow, are recounted alongside notes on human geography. An appendix and supplemental essays compile geological sketches and botanical lists derived from the expedition’s collections.


INDEX.

  • ABDA, province of, 73
  • — horses of, 73
  • Abraham, 79, 156, 209
  • Acacia gummifera, 99, 337, 393
  • Achliz, 172, 180, 181
  • Adenocarpus anagyrifolius, 175, 197
  • Adjersiman, 199, 203
  • Adonis, crimson, 16
  • Africa, tropical, mountain flora of, Appendix, 421
  • Agadir, 80, 374, 382
  • — plants from, 327
  • Agave americana, 10, 28
  • Aïn Beïda, halt at, 117
  • Aïn El Hadjar, 317
  • Aïn Oumast, 107, 108
  • Aïn Tarsil, defile of, 300
  • — rock dwellings at, 300
  • Aït, definition of, 184
  • Aït Mesan, 190
  • — camp in, 194, 237
  • — halt in, 193
  • — people of, 235
  • — valley, ascent of, 195
  • — vegetation of, 210, 424
  • Aizoon canariense, 161
  • Akassa, 373, 376
  • Akermont, plain of, 320
  • Akka, oasis of, 336
  • Alaternus, 10, 210
  • Algeciras, 58
  • Algerian flora, characteristic species of, 255
  • Allium nigrum, 27
  • Almond, 29, 39
  • Altitudes in Morocco, Appendix, 357
  • Alyssum montanum, 261
  • — spinosum, 219
  • Ambak, or Omback, 98, 195, 334
  • American aloe, 10, 28
  • Amsmiz, town of, 246
  • Amsmiz, governor of, 247
  • — position of, 249
  • — return to, 272
  • — valley, geological structure of, 254
  • — — head of, 258
  • — — vegetation of, 255, 424
  • — — view of, 252
  • Anagyris fœtida, 101
  • Ancient buildings, rarity of, 116
  • Ancient town, remains of, 116
  • Andrachne maroccana, 297
  • Andropogon laniger, 153
  • Andryala mogadorensis, 87, 340
  • Angera mountains, 5, 45
  • Anti-Atlas, 262
  • Antirrhinum ramosissimum, 245
  • Ape’s Hill, 5, 37, 45
  • Apteranthes gussoniana, 87
  • Aquilegia vulgaris, 268
  • Arab village, 24
  • Arabis pubescens, 48
  • Arar, 99, 389
  • Argan tree, 96, 311, 395
  • Arisarum vulgare, 342
  • Arround, 199, 214, 226
  • — our house at, 215
  • — villagers in trouble, 272
  • Artemisia Herba alba, 107, 117, 124
  • Arthrocnemum fruticosum, 114
  • Artichoke, wild, 322
  • Asfi, or Saffi, 73
  • Ash, southern species, 29, 210
  • Asperula hirsuta, 172
  • Asphodels, 17
  • Asphodelus cerasiferus, 28
  • — tenuifolius, 98
  • Asplenium Hemionitis, 20
  • — marinum, 23
  • — Petrarchæ, 295
  • Assghin, 180
  • Asteriscus imbricatus, 87
  • Atlantic rollers, 66
  • Atlas, Great, central range of, 200
  • — approach to, 161
  • — aspect of, 200
  • — elevation of chain, 227
  • — fauna of, 233
  • — first view of, 106, 108
  • — geology of, Appendix, 457
  • — height of, 121, 155, 227, 242, 263, 265
  • — hill forts of, 166, 241, 293, 297
  • — last view of, 321
  • — mountain flora of, 202, 230, Appendix, 423
  • — mountain tribes of, 184, 187, 233
  • — outer rampart of, 159
  • — outer ranges, vegetation of, 189
  • — panorama of, 154
  • — sterile aspect of Western, 296
  • — summit ridge of, 223
  • — topography of, Appendix, 385
  • — trees and shrubs of middle region, 177, 209, 251
  • — trees of upper region, 218, 267, 268
  • — view of, from Sektana, 242
  • Atlas, Lesser, 35
  • Atractylis macrophylla, 194, 302
  • Atriplex Halimus, 114
  • Aurora Borealis, 14
  • Avena barbata, 109
  • Azemour, 72, 120
  • BAD ROUB, gate, 137
  • Balansa, M., 82, 191, 280, 300
  • Barberry, 267
  • Barley, 197, 200, 216
  • Beaudouin’s map, 151, 276, 303, 384
  • Beaumier, M., 87, 129, 154
  • Bedis, Belis, 57
  • Bee eater, 30
  • Bellis annua, 17
  • Ben Daoud, Governor of Morocco, 126, 136
  • Ben Dreis, palace of, 137
  • Beni, definition of, 184
  • Beni Hassan, 9, 37
  • Beni Hosmar, 37
  • — ascent of, 41
  • — vegetation of, 41-47
  • Berberis cretica, 268
  • Bereber, or Riffian families, 46
  • Berebers, 84, 85
  • — their language, Appendix, 478
  • Blanco, Cape, 73
  • Boissier’s ‘Voyage en Espagne,’ 62
  • Boucerosia Maroccana, 87
  • Boulder deposits of the Atlas, 170, 458
  • Brady, Mr. H. B., Appendix, 485
  • Brass workers, 335
  • Brassica geniculata, 145
  • — a new species of, 285
  • Broom-rape, 118
  • Broussonet, M., 82, 164
  • Bulbo, 25, 33
  • Bupleurum canescens, 315
  • — spinosum, 219
  • CABO NEGRO, 51
  • Caillé, his journey from Timbuktou, 336
  • Calendula suffruticosa, 16
  • Callitris quadrivalvis, 99, 177, 323, 389
  • Calluna vulgaris, 18
  • Calycotome villosa, 42
  • — spinosa, 42
  • Camel’s back, ascent of, 111
  • Campanula dichotoma, 100
  • Canals for irrigation, 124
  • Canarians, of Pliny, 375, 377
  • Canary Islands, flora of, Appendix, 404
  • Cantin, Cape, 73
  • Capparis ægyptica, 243
  • Carex divisa, 115
  • Carob trees, 10, 29, 31. See Ceratonia
  • Caroxylon articulatum, 114
  • Carstensen, Mr., 75
  • — meeting with, at Shedma, 311
  • Carum mauritanicum, 98
  • Casa Blanca, 67, 68, 69, 344
  • Castle of Pharaoh, Appendix, 485
  • Catananche cærulea, 189
  • Cedar, Atlantic, 46
  • Celastrus europæus, 177
  • — senegalensis, 177
  • Centaurea Clementei, 44
  • — incana, 308
  • — maroccana, 109
  • Cerastes, or el efah, 319, 340
  • Ceratocnemum rapistroides, 161
  • Ceratonia Siliqua, 169, 178, 183, 193
  • Ceratophyllum, 337
  • Ceuta, 7, 45, 54
  • Chalcedony, 112
  • Chamærops humilis, 17, 28, 101, 165
  • Charlock, 114
  • Cheiranthus semperflorens, 95
  • Chrysanthemum Catananche, 232
  • — coronarium, 26
  • Cistus ladaniferus, 18
  • — monspeliensis, 165, 322
  • — polymorphus, 165
  • — species of, 321
  • Citrus wood of the Romans, 390
  • Cladanthus arabicus, 107
  • Clematis cirrhosa, 28, 176
  • — flammula, 176
  • Cleonia lusitanica, 165
  • Coast climate, humidity of, 70, 92
  • Cock, sacrifice of, 223
  • Convolvulus sylvatica, 41
  • Coronilla ramosissima, 189
  • — viminalis, 164
  • Coronopus Ruellii, 123
  • Cosson, M., 3, 327
  • Costume, travelling, 78
  • Cotyledon hispanica, 113
  • Cuckoo, 32
  • Cucumis Colocynthis, 113
  • Cynara acaulis, 291
  • — eatable roots of, 292
  • — humilis, 28
  • — hystryx, 192
  • Cytisus albidus, 101
  • — tridentatus, 19
  • DAISY, blue, 17, 198
  • Dandelion, 114
  • Dar el Beïda, 67
  • Daucus maximus, 307
  • Davallia canariensis, 20
  • Demenet, province, 147, 152, 367, 394
  • Diet, bad effects of, 287
  • Diorite, 222
  • Diotis maritima, 23
  • Diplomatic conversation, 146
  • Djebel Aoulouse, 262
  • — Hadid, 313, 321
  • — — iron mines of, 317
  • — Kebir, 5, 9, 10, 17
  • — — vegetation of, 10
  • — Tezah, 252
  • — — ascent of, 259, 261
  • Djinns, or demons, 223
  • Douar, or native village, 24, 116
  • Douar Arifi, 96
  • Douerani, 280
  • — hospitable chief of, 281
  • Drosophyllum lusitanicum, 19, 22, 48
  • Dupuis, M., 67
  • Dust columns, 122
  • Dyris, ancient name of Atlas, 295, 375
  • EBENUS pinnata, 107
  • Echinoderms, fossil, 340, 451, 452
  • Echinops strigosus, 153
  • Echinospermum barbatum, 192
  • Echium modestum, 109
  • El efah, 340
  • El Fondak, 32
  • El Ghoreb, 82
  • El Graoui, governor of Great Atlas, 76, 125, 136
  • — house of, 146
  • — interview with, 126, 145
  • — parting with, 153
  • — present to, 148
  • El Hadj Hamara, 75, 471
  • El Penon de Velez, 56
  • Elæoselinum exinvolucratum, 286
  • — new species of, 107
  • Elder trees, 197
  • Ephedra altissima, 164
  • Erica, species of, 18
  • Erodium atlanticum, 289
  • — petræum, 45
  • Eryngo, 26
  • Escort, rapacity of, 174, 212
  • — trouble with, 182
  • Euphorbia Beaumieriana, 337
  • — pinea, 297
  • — resinifera, 337, 388
  • — rimarum, 297
  • Euphorbium, 163, 328, 388
  • Europa Point, 62
  • Evax Heldreichii, 232
  • Fanaticism, Moorish, 235
  • Fashook gum, 386
  • Ferula communis, 68
  • Fez pottery, 9
  • Fish, fresh water, 72
  • Flora of North Marocco, 18
  • Forests, neglect of, 177, 235
  • Forskåhlea tenacissima, 153
  • — Cossoniana, 153
  • Frankenia revoluta, 112
  • — velutina, 37, 340
  • Fraxinus dimorpha, 176
  • Fraxinus oxyphylla, 29, 210
  • Fringillaria Saharæ, 156
  • Fuertaventura, vegetation of, 417
  • Furbioun, 163, na, 84
  • Furbioun, 163, 388
  • GENISTA, species of, 320
  • — clavata, 28
  • — monosperma, or R’tam, 95, 124
  • — triacanthos, 19
  • Geranium dissectum, 114
  • Gers, river, 375, 377
  • Gibraltar, rock of, 60, 347
  • — voyage to, 1
  • Glacier, ancient moraine of, 199
  • Glaucium corniculatum, 100
  • Goats feeding in trees, 97
  • Gooseberry, 198, 261
  • Governor in chains, 37
  • Grass, esparto, 335
  • Gum ammoniacum, 386
  • — arabic, 337, 393
  • — cistus, 10, 18
  • — Sandrac, 177
  • Gurgouri, 243, 244
  • Guzula, 264
  • Gypsophila compressa, 107
  • HAHA, Kasbah of, 309
  • — Kaïd, cruelty of, 309, 330, 331
  • — — hospitality of, 309
  • — people, outrage by, 330
  • — province of, 99
  • — — disturbed state of, 298, 329
  • Hamed, 212, 334
  • Hand mills, 22
  • Hank el Gemmel, 111
  • Hanno, Periplus, 301, 372
  • Hanoteau, General, his Tamashek’ grammar, 430
  • Hardman, Mr., 52
  • Hasni, camp at, 194, 207, 237
  • — departure from, 239
  • Hay, Sir J. D., 2, 8, 9, 11, 64
  • Hedysarum membranaceum, 176
  • Helianthemum, species of, 322
  • — lasianthum, 58
  • — umbellatum, 48
  • — virgatum, 124
  • Helix, clusters of, 27
  • — explanata, 111
  • — lactea, 111
  • Hemicrambe fruticulosa, 41
  • Hercules, cave of, 22, 23
  • Hercules, straits of, 62
  • Hills, origin of flat-topped, 112
  • Hollar, engraving by, 13
  • Horticulture, Moorish, 105
  • Hunot, Mr., 127, 138, 338
  • Hypochæris radicata, 114
  • IBERIS, gibraltarica, 44
  • Imintanout, district of, 293
  • Iminteli, 253, 269
  • — Jew’s house at, 254
  • — night ride to, 269
  • Import duties, Moorish, 53
  • Indian fig, 27, 169
  • Information, difficulty of procuring, 149, 275
  • Instincts, barbarous survival of, 190
  • Interpreter, 25, 33
  • Iris germanica, 200
  • — sysyrhynchium, 17
  • — tingitana, 63
  • Iron mountain, 313
  • Irrigation, native skill in, 196
  • Isatis, 197
  • JACKSON’S ‘Account of Marocco, 80, 296, 384, 489
  • Jewish exports and industries, 49, 50
  • — festival, 50
  • — suppliants, 169
  • Jews’ Clift, 339
  • Jews, condition of, 157
  • — friendly, 254
  • Jordan, Mr., his journey to Sous, 341
  • Juba, King, 374
  • Juniperus oxycedrus, 210, 252
  • — phœnicea, 42, 55, 178, 210, 219
  • — thurifera, 218
  • KABYLES, 84, 85
  • — their language, 478, 479
  • Kaïd el Hasbi, 157, 173, 185, 245, 248, 334
  • Kelaart’s Flora Calpensis, 62
  • Keskossou, 93
  • Kief, 46
  • Koubba, 117
  • Koutoubia, tower of, 131, 142
  • ‘LADY HAVELOCK,’ return on board, 338
  • Lanzarote, vegetation of, 417
  • Laraish, 26
  • Lavandula abrotanoides, 113
  • — multifida, 113
  • Leared, Dr., Appendix, 386, 483
  • Lempriere, Mr., his journey, 383
  • Lentisk, 10, 31, 42, 68, 210
  • Leo Africanus, 203, 264, 379, 484
  • — his account of the Berebers of Djebel Hadid, 318
  • Leontodon hispidulus, 145
  • Leopard, anecdote of, 14
  • Lighthouse of Cape Spartel, 21
  • Linaria heterophylla, 240
  • — maroccana, 240
  • — sagittata, 100
  • — ventricosa, 101, 197
  • Lithospermum apulum, 35
  • — fruticosum, 19
  • Lixus, river, 301, 372
  • Lizard, remarkable, 289
  • Locusts, destroyed, 158, 159
  • — ravages of, 82
  • Lonicera etrusca, 210
  • Lotononis maroccana, 176
  • Lotus creticus, 23
  • — marrocanus, 176
  • — Salzmanni, 23
  • Lowe, Rev. Mr., 82
  • Lupin, blue and yellow, 16
  • Lycopus europæus, 115
  • Lygeum Sparteum, 192
  • MACARONESIAN flora, Appendix, 405, 420, 444
  • Madder, 216
  • Maize in the Atlas, 200, 216
  • Malcolmia littorea, 26
  • — nana, 56
  • Mamora, forest of, 67
  • Map, French War Office, 36, 384
  • Marabout, 9
  • Marmol, prisoner at Fez, 378
  • Marocco, city, 125, 133
  • — — approach to, 125, 126
  • — — bazaars of, 153
  • — — behaviour of people of, 129, 145
  • — — carpets of, 153
  • — — current coin of, 141
  • — — difficulty as to lodging in, 129, 130
  • — — distant view of, 182, 290
  • — — elevation of, 153
  • — — gardens of, 143
  • — — unfriendly Governor of, 127
  • — — Great Square of, 134
  • — — interior of, 128, 129
  • — — map of, 150
  • — — plain of, 120
  • — — population of, 342
  • — — routes from, Appendix, 366
  • — — serpents of, 156
  • — — start from, 157
  • — — vermin of, 131
  • Marocco, empire, barbarism of, 12, 349
  • — — climate of, 15, 317, 345, 349
  • — — economic plants of, Appendix, 386
  • — — Flora of, compared with tropical African, Appendix, 421
  • — — geology of, Appendix, 446
  • — — native races of, 85
  • — — prisons of, 229, 230
  • — — prospects of, 350
  • — — resources of, 348
  • — — table of altitudes in, 362
  • — — wild animals of, 14
  • — — wild birds of, 156
  • Marocco, South, geography of, Appendix, 371
  • Marrubium, new species of, 249
  • Matthiola parviflora, 107
  • Maw, Mr., departure of, from Sektana, 243
  • — — his return to Mogador, 293
  • — — on geology of Marocco, Appendix, 446
  • Mazagan, 71, 72, 344
  • — European origin of, 72
  • Medicago suffruticosa, 232
  • Medical advice, native desire for 186, 187, 209, 241
  • Mediterranean, change of level of, 23
  • Melilla, 56
  • Mercator’s Atlas, 378
  • Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum, 123
  • Mesfioua, district of, 159
  • — Kaïd of, 162
  • Milhain, 196, 299
  • Miltsin, peak of, 121, 154
  • Mint tea, 93, 105
  • Misra ben Kara, 118, 119
  • Mogador, arrival at, 75
  • — climate of, 88-90, 327
  • — departure from, 95
  • — disturbances at, 329, 333
  • — exports of, 91
  • — final departure from, 338
  • — Governor, dinner with, 92, 93
  • — island, 80, 86, 450
  • Mogador, neighbouring country of, 81, 82
  • — return to, 325
  • — society of, 91
  • — town of, 80, 81
  • ‘Mogador et son climat,’ by V. Seux, 91
  • Mona, or offering of food, 103, 108, 115, 198, 203, 292
  • Monanthes, new species of, 268
  • Montefiore, Sir Moses, 137
  • Montia fontana, 219
  • Moorish escort, 79
  • — government, defects of, 235
  • — ideas, 140
  • — stories, Appendix, 466
  • Moors, diet of, 288
  • — endurance of, 119
  • Moulai Ibrahim, 191, 192, 241
  • Mountains, native names for, 295
  • Mskala, 309
  • Mtouga, hostilities at, 305
  • — Kasbah of, 303
  • — return of envoy from, 293
  • — treatment of prisoners at, 305
  • Mules, sale of, 334
  • Muley Hassan, Viceroy of Marocco, 131, 135
  • Mzouda, 277
  • NEGRO Governor, 115
  • — moral sense of, 286
  • Notoceras canariensis, 123
  • Ntifa, province, 147, 368
  • Nurzam, 245
  • Nzela, 109, 110
  • OAK, cork, 67, 253
  • — evergreen, 20, 189, 253, 268
  • Observations for altitude of stations, 357
  • — requisite corrections, 358
  • Ocean currents, 345
  • Odontospermum odorum, 316
  • Oil mills, 190
  • Oleanders, 29, 120, 210
  • Olive, 10, 29, 31, 101, 114, 197, 204
  • — wild, 320
  • Onobrychis crista galli, 107
  • Ophrys apifera, 190
  • — lutea, 32
  • Opuntia vulgaris, 10, 28, 169
  • Orange, 10, 39, 114
  • Orchis latifolia, 176
  • — pyramidalis, 190
  • Orobanche, species of, 240
  • Osmunda regalis, 64
  • Ostrich feathers, 336
  • Ouanzerout, 195
  • Oued Bouregrag, 65, 67, 373
  • — Enfist, 191
  • — Ghaghaia, 192
  • — Kseb, or El Ghoreb, 82, 95, 100
  • — — affluence of, 303
  • — Moulouya, 35, 36, 376
  • — Nfys, 119, 191, 245
  • — Noun, 96, 245
  • — — course of, 276
  • — — source of, 264
  • — Oum-er-bia, 71, 72, 147, 151, 374
  • — — current of, 72
  • — Sebou, 67, 373
  • — Tensift, 96, 107, 114, 122, 152, 163, 191
  • — Tessout, 147, 367, 368
  • — Usbi, 281
  • — Za, 36
  • Ourika valley, 155, 168, 172, 175
  • — opening of, 172
  • — — vegetation of, 175, 176
  • PALMETTO, 17, 28, 42
  • Pan, 43
  • Papilio podalgyrius, 197
  • Partridge, red legged, 233
  • Peaches, 39
  • Peganum Harmala, 109
  • Periploca lævigata, 315
  • — græca, 316
  • Phaca bœtica, 55
  • Phelipæa lutea, 118
  • Phillyrea, 10, 210
  • Phytographia Canariensis, 406, 409, 419
  • Phytolacca arborea, 62
  • Picris albida, 117
  • — pilosa, 145
  • Pimpernel, blue, 16
  • Pinus halepensis, 256
  • Pirates, Riff, 57
  • Pistachia atlantica, 117
  • Pistorinia hispanica, DC., 113
  • — Salzmanniana, 113
  • Plantago major, 115
  • Platanthera diphylla, 22
  • Plants, climbing, 28
  • Pliny, on Marocco, 374, 375
  • Pliny, on Citrus wood, 391
  • Poisoning, 312, 332
  • Polybius, his voyage, 374
  • Polygala Balansæ, 165
  • — Webbiana, 48
  • Pomegranate, 10, 101, 114
  • Porphyry rocks, 197, 222
  • Portuguese buildings on the coast, 72, 73, 343
  • — exploration, 378
  • — in South Marocco, 167, 383
  • — maps, 379
  • Prickly pear, 10, 28
  • Prinsep, Mr. W., drawing of Great Atlas by, 155
  • Pseudosaharan vegetation, 109
  • Pulicaria longifolia, 160
  • Purpurariæ, vegetation of, 417
  • QUERCUS Ballota, 268
  • — coccifera, 10, 20, 189
  • — Ilex, 253
  • — lusitanica, 20, 189
  • — suber, 253
  • RABAT, 65
  • Ranunculus, species of, 43, 44
  • Ravensrock, 9, 10, 24
  • — view from, 10, 11
  • Reraya, 180, 184
  • — district of, 184
  • Reseda, species of, 291
  • Retam, 95, 106
  • Retama monosperma, 27
  • Rhamnus oleoides, 189
  • Rhaponticum acaule, 109, 242
  • Rhododendron ponticum, 18, 58
  • Rhus, species of, 320
  • — pentaphylla, 106
  • Richardson, Mr. W. H., Appendix, 485
  • Riff tribes, 84
  • — Mts. or Lesser Atlas, 2, 9, 35
  • Riffian families, 46
  • Rochemonteix, M. de, 483
  • Rock dwellings at Aïn Tarsil, 300
  • — — Mtouga, 307
  • Rogers, Mr. Freeman, Appendix, 468
  • Rohlfs, Gerhard (note), 46, 260, 385
  • Rosa canina, 164
  • — sempervirens, 41
  • Rubia tinctorum, 216
  • Rumex pulcher, 115
  • Rumex vesicarius, 293
  • Rye, 197, 200, 216
  • SAFFI, or Asfi, 73, 338
  • — view of, 73
  • Sagina Linnæi, 219, 231 (note), 445
  • Sallee, 65, 67
  • — pirates of, 65
  • Salomon ben Daoud, 150, 366
  • Salvia ægyptiaca, 245
  • — tricolor, 346
  • Sand hills, formation of, 325
  • Saxifraga Maweana, 42
  • Schismus calycinus, 123
  • Schousboë, 82
  • Scilla hemisphærica, 17
  • — maritima, 17
  • Scirpus Holoschænus, 115
  • Scorpions, 319
  • Sedum modestum, 177
  • Seksaoua, arrival at, 283
  • — hostilities at, 283
  • — rock vegetation at, 286
  • Sektana, plateau of, 240
  • Selaginella rupestris, 189
  • Senecio Doronicum, 45
  • — giganteus, 172
  • — (Kleinia) pteroneura, 83
  • Serrania de Ronda, 11, 45
  • Shad fish, 71
  • Shedma, arrival at, 101, 309
  • — camp at, 101
  • — Governor of, 310
  • — — poisonings by, 312
  • — — hospitality of, 102, 311
  • — Kasbah of, 104, 311
  • Shedma, province, 101, 110
  • Sheep, sacrifice of, 229
  • Shelluh or Shleuh, characteristics, 187, 188
  • — cloak, 216
  • — diet 203
  • — houses, 215
  • — language, 84, 91; Appendix, 478
  • — market, 251
  • — medical practice among, 209
  • — mountaineers, 216
  • — population, 187, 188
  • — serious demeanour, 297
  • — superiority, 233
  • — taste for ornament, 235
  • — villages, 179, 180
  • Sheshaoua, oasis of, 107, 114
  • Sibthorpia europea, 58
  • Sidi Boubikir, 127, 136, 138
  • Sidi Mohammed Hassanowe, 127, 138
  • — Moktar, 109
  • Sierra Morena, 18
  • Siss, river, 377
  • Sisymbrium Irio, 114
  • Smilax aspera, 28
  • — mauritanica, 28
  • Snake charmers, 30, 31
  • Snow, absence of perpetual, 291
  • — beds of, 201, 259, 260, 263
  • — storm on Great Atlas, 222
  • Sonchus oleraceus, 115
  • Souk el Ileta, 105
  • Sous, pass over Atlas to, 207, 226, 264
  • — river, 96, 301, 373, 379
  • — valley, 259, 264, 265
  • — view of, 264, 265
  • Spanish campaign in Marocco, 1859-1860, 52
  • Spartel, Cape, 5, 16, 20
  • — excursion to, 16
  • Sparteum junceum, 165
  • Spergula saginoides, 231
  • Spergularia diandra, 161
  • Stachys saxicola, 302
  • Stapelia europea, 87
  • Statice mucronata, 95
  • — ornata, 120
  • — sinuata, 23
  • Stellaria uliginosa, 219
  • Stipa tortilis, 109
  • Stork, 30
  • Strait of Gibraltar, comparison of sides, 58, 59
  • Succowia balearica, 42
  • Suetonius Paulinus, his expedition, 375
  • Sultan, body-guard of, 115
  • — letters of, 64, 75, 76
  • — orders of, 9
  • Suæda fruticosa, 114
  • TAGANAGURT, fort of, 297
  • Tagherot pass, 226
  • — height of, 227
  • Tagovast, 342, 379
  • Tamarix africana, 65
  • — articulata, 123
  • — gallica, 163
  • Tamashek’ language, 480
  • Tangier, 4, 64, 346
  • — climate of, 8, 63
  • — history of, 7
  • — interior of, 6
  • Tangier, return to, 24, 62, 345
  • — trade of, 8
  • Tapia, 104
  • Tarudant, 294, 341, 379, 383
  • — pass leading to, 294, 376, 383
  • Tasseremout, 159, 160, 165, 166
  • — fort at, 166
  • Tassghirt, 194
  • Tassilunt, camp at, 183
  • Tent, Alpine Club pattern, 134, 237
  • Tetuan, 2, 9, 39, 50
  • — Jew quarter, 39
  • — Jewish population of, 48
  • — start for, 25
  • — valley of, 37
  • Teucrium, species of, 286
  • — collinum, 106
  • — Polium, 106
  • Thevenin, Dr., 81, 87
  • Thuja, of the ancients, 390
  • Thymus Broussonneteii, 98
  • — maroccanus, 65
  • Tifinout, pass of, 226
  • Tilli, Professor, 291
  • Timbuktou, caravans from, 336
  • Touareggs, or Touarecks, 85, 480
  • Trachelium, species of, 296
  • Trafalgar, cape, 11
  • Trap, or basalt, 113
  • Trees, destruction of, 178
  • — scarcity of, 20, 296
  • Tres Forcas, cape, 56
  • Troglodytes, 301
  • ULEX bæticus, 47
  • VEGETABLES, absence of cultivated, 288
  • Vegetation and agriculture of low country, 27
  • Velez de Gomera, 56, 57
  • Venture de Paradis, on the Kabyle language, 479
  • Veronica Beccabunga, 219
  • Villages, ruined, 252
  • Vine, wild, 28, 216
  • Vitex Agnus-castus, 100
  • Volubilis, town of, Appendix, 485
  • WALNUT, 169, 178, 269
  • Washington, Admiral, 2, 384, 447
  • Washington, Admiral, excursion of, 168
  • — observations of, at Marocco, 155
  • — route of, 120
  • Water, colour of, 71
  • Webb, Mr. Barker, 41, 42, 44, 57
  • Wedding, Jewish, 337
  • Wheat, red-bearded, 182
  • White, Mr., 64
  • Williams, Sir W. F., 61, 347
  • Withania fruticosa, 101
  • XIPHION tingitanum, 63
  • ZAFFARINE ISLANDS, 57
  • Zaouia, 117
  • Zénaga, or Zanaga tribe (note), 377
  • — their language, 480, 483
  • Zizyphus lotus, 99, 106, 111, 119, 143
  • Zygophyllum Fontanesii, 339