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Military Architecture in England During the Middle Ages

Chapter 18: INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES
By A. Hamilton Thompson
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About This Book

The study traces the evolution of military fortification in England from Roman antecedents and Saxon–Danish defenses through Norman earth-and-timber castles to their stone successors, outlining siegecraft, the emergence of keeps, 12th–13th-century arrangements, and the sophisticated planning of Edward I’s fortresses. It situates castles alongside walled towns, highlights eastern and crusading influences on siege methods, and contrasts the pragmatic solidity of fortress construction with incidental Gothic decoration. The concluding chapters follow the transition from castles to fortified manor-houses after the arrival of firearms, and the text combines archaeological, documentary, and illustrative material while acknowledging areas needing further research.

INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES

N.B.—Illustrations are denoted by numbers followed by the name of the photographer, draughtsman, or source from which the picture is derived.

A

  • Acton Burnell (Salop), castle, 298, 317, 338
  • Adrianople, siege of, 73
  • Æthelflaed, lady of the Mercians, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 41, 101
  • Æthelwulf, king of Wessex, 28
  • Agde (Hérault), cathedral, 315
  • Aigues-Mortes (Gard), 77, A. Thompson; 242, 246, 250, 289
  • Aire river, 85
  • Aisne department, fortified churches in, 315
  • Alan of Brittany, earl of Richmond, 47, 94, 101, 104, 107
  • Albi (Tarn), fortified cathedral, 315
  • Alençon (Orne), castle, 289, A. Thompson
  • Alençonnais, the, 52
  • Alesia [Alise (Côte-d’Or)], siege of, 46, 59, 60, 61, 79
  • Alexander, bishop of Lincoln, 97, 99, 189
  • Alfred the Great, king, 26, 28, 64
  • Alne river, 86
  • Alnwick (Northumberland), castle, 115, G. T. Clark; 243, J. P. Gibson; 310, A. Thompson; 7, 42, 43, 86, 115, 116, 210, 235, 245, 247, 265, 309, 310, 327, 328
  • Amaury, count of Evreux, 165
  • Amberley (Sussex), castle, 360
  • Amboglanna (Cumberland), 15
  • Amboise (Indre-et-Loire), castle, 338
  • Amiens (Somme), 22
  • Ancaster (Lincoln), 355
  • Anderida (Sussex), 12, 22;
  • see Pevensey
  • Andover (Hants), 22
  • Angers (Maine-et-Loire), 27, 88, 118
  • Angevins, war of William I. with, 52
  • Anglesey, isle of, 278
  • Angus, earl of, see Umfraville
  • Anjou, count of, see Fulk
  • Anker river, 101
  • Antioch (Syria), siege of, 71, 164, 241
  • Antwerp, 290
  • Ardennes department, fortified churches in, 315
  • Ardres (Pas-de-Calais), castle, 54, 55
  • Arles (Bouches-du-Rhône), 315
  • Arnold, son of Robert, 52
  • Arras (Pas-de-Calais), 290
  • Arundel (Sussex), castle, 37, 115, 190, 360
  • Ashbourne (Derby), 318
  • Astures, Roman auxiliaries, 19
  • Auckland (Durham), castle, 197, 198, 200, 338
  • Autun (Sâone-et-Loire), 15
  • Avignon (Vaucluse), palace of the popes, 304;
  • walls, 246, 250, 295
  • Avon river (Bristol), 2, 88;
  • (Warwick), 29
  • Axholme, isle of, 56
  • Aydon (Northumberland), castle or fortified house, 189, 190, 312, 338

B

  • Badbury (Dorset), 25
  • Bakewell (Derby), 29
  • Bamburgh (Northumberland), castle, 91, J. P. Gibson, W. Maitland; 25, 62, 66, 86, 90, 120, 132, 133, 134, 137, 150, 155, 202, 230, 233
  • Bardolf, Robert, 335
  • Barking (Middlesex), 38
  • Barlborough (Derby), hall, 318
  • Barnard Castle (Durham), castle, 87, G. T. Clark; 85, 86, 163, 185
  • Baroche, la (Orne), 52
  • Barwick-in-Elmet (Yorks, W.R.), castle, 56
  • Basing house (Hants), 360
  • Bath (Somerset), 24, 25
  • Bath and Wells, bishop of, see Burnell
  • Battle (Sussex), gatehouse of abbey, 304
  • Battlesbury (Wilts), 25
  • Bayeux (Calvados), castle, 45
  • —— bishop of, see Odo
  • Beauchamp, house of, 109
  • —— Thomas, earl of Warwick (d. 1369), 321
  • —— Thomas, earl of Warwick (d. 1401), 321
  • Beaugency (Loiret), castle, 116, A. Thompson; 117, 118, 120
  • Beaumaris (Anglesey), castle, 277, G. T. Clark; 236, 278, A. Thompson; 7, 211, 225, 236, 251, 261, 265, 266, 268, 275, 276-9, 280, 282, 284
  • Beauvais (Oise), 22, 27
  • Bebbanburh, 25;
  • see Bamburgh
  • Bedale (Yorks, N. R.), church tower, 316
  • Bedburn river, 8
  • Bedford, 29, 30, 32;
  • castle, 30, 32;
  • John, duke of, 330
  • Bek, Antony, bishop of Durham, 188, 189, 198, 200, 202, 309
  • Bellême, house of, 51;
  • Robert of, 55, 67, 85
  • Belsay (Northumberland), castle, 313, J. P. Gibson; 236, 312
  • Belvoir (Leicester), castle, 85, 360
  • Berkeley (Gloucester), castle, 142, 186, A. Thompson; 42, 43, 142, 186, 193, 194, 209, 210
  • Berkhampstead (Herts), castle, 42, A. Thompson; 42, 119, 263
  • Berry, John, duke of, 338
  • Berry Pomeroy (Devon), castle, 229, 358
  • Berwick-on-Tweed, town walls, 290, 291
  • Beverley (Yorks, E. R.), 295
  • Béziers (Hérault), cathedral, 315
  • Bignor (Sussex), Roman villa, 12
  • Birdoswald (Cumberland), 15
  • Bishop Auckland (Durham), 8;
  • and see Auckland
  • Bishops Cannings (Wilts), manor-house, 301
  • Bishop’s Castle (Salop), 2
  • Bishop’s Woodford (Wilts), manor-house, 301
  • Black mountains, 184
  • Blackbury castle (Devon), 7, A. H. Allcroft; 6
  • Blackfriars, see London
  • Blackwater river, 22, 29
  • Blois (Loir-et-Cher), castle, 337
  • Blyth (Notts) castle, 85;
  • and see Tickhill;
  • priory, 85
  • Bodiam (Sussex), castle, 323, E. A. and G. R. Reeve; 326, A. Thompson; 210, 322, 325, 326, 327, 330, 335, 360
  • Bokerley dyke, 24, 25
  • Bolton-in-Wensleydale (Yorks, N. R.), castle, 316, 317, 318, 330, 362, 367
  • Bolton-on-Swale (Yorks, N. R.), church tower, 316
  • Boothby Pagnell (Lincoln), manor-house, 190, 192
  • Borcovicus (Northumberland), 14, A. Thompson; 15, 18, A. Thompson (after Bruce); 15, 17, 18, 19
  • Bosham (Sussex), 36, A. Thompson (after Bayeux tapestry); 190
  • Boston (Lincoln), Hussey tower at, 355
  • Bothal (Northumberland), castle, 245, 327
  • Bourbourg, Louis de, 54
  • Bourges (Cher), 22
  • Boves (Somme), siege of, 70, 76
  • Bowes (Yorks, N. R.), tower, 131, 132, 133, 142, 145, 312
  • Bowness (Cumberland), 10
  • Bracieux, Pierre de, 73
  • Bradwell-juxta-Mare (Essex), 22
  • Brancaster (Norfolk), 12
  • Brancepeth (Durham), castle, 86
  • Brandenburg (Prussia), 26
  • Branodunum (Norfolk), 12
  • Brecon beacons, 274
  • —— castle, 44, 56, 87, 362, 365, 367
  • Breteuil, William of, 55
  • Bréval (Seine-et-Oise), 55, 67
  • Bridgnorth (Salop), 29;
  • castle, 108, 109, 119, 133
  • Bridlington (Yorks, E. R.), gatehouse of priory, 301
  • Brionne (Eure), castle, 56
  • Bristol, castle, 88;
  • walls and gateways, 292, 295, 296
  • —— channel, 24, 308
  • Brittany, mount-and-bailey castles in, 45;
  • Alan of, see Alan
  • Brixworth (Northants), church, 100
  • Bronllys (Brecknock), castle, 183, 184
  • Bruce, house of, 85
  • Brunanburh, battle of, 63
  • Brutus, Marcus, 62
  • Buckingham, 29, 30, 32
  • —— castle, 30, 32
  • —— duke of, see Stafford
  • Builth (Brecknock), castle, 50, G. T. Clark; 50, 51
  • Burgh Castle (Suffolk), 12, 16, 22
  • Burghersh, Henry, bishop of Lincoln, 301
  • Burghwallis (Yorks, W. R.), 100
  • Burgundy, 59, 64, 198
  • Burnell, Robert, bishop of Bath and Wells, 298, 317
  • Bury ditches (Salop), 6, A. Thompson; 2, 6
  • Bury St Edmunds (Suffolk), 25;
  • Moyses hall, 190
  • Busli, Roger de, 85

C