INDEX.
A.
Abaga, khan of the Tartars, sends ambassadors to Rome, iii. 26.
Abassides persecute the Christians, i. 8. Decline of their empire, i. 13.
Aboubeker, his interview with Richard I. of England, i. 498.
Abou-bekr, founder of one of the Mohammedan sects, iii. 413.
Accien, sovereign of Antioch, i. 129.
Achard de Montmerle, i. 83.
Adel, the son of Saladin, ii. 3 n.
Adhémar de Monteil, bishop of Puy, engages in the first crusade, i. 5, i. 87.
His enthusiastic bravery, i. 170, i. 173.
Adonis, the river, i. 306.
Adrianople, besieged by the Latins, ii. 166.
Battle of, ii. 167.
Siege raised, ii. 168.
Æneas Sylvius, bishop of Sienna, preaches a crusade against the Turks, iii. 163 et seq.
Elected pope, under the title of Pius II., iii. 170.
See Pius II.
Afdhal, son of Saladin, and commander of the Mussulman forces of Egypt, i. 238.
His extensive empire, ii. 3.
Civil contests of, ii. 4 et seq.
Oath taken by the emirs of, ii. 3 n.
Rebellion against, ii. 4.
Africa invaded by the Christian forces, iii. 117 et seq.
Agriculture, products of, introduced into Europe during the middle ages, iii. 329, iii. 330.
Aibek, assassinated, iii. 3.
His son raised to the throne of Egypt, iii. 4;
and dethroned, iii. 5.
Alaziz, sultan of Egypt, ii. 2, ii. 3 n.
Takes arms against his brother, ii. 4 et seq.
Albéric, son of Hugh de Grandménil, i. 83.
Alberon, archdeacon of Metz, slain, i. 131.
Albert, count of Blandras, i. 249.
Albigeois, religious principles of the, ii. 196, ii. 197.
Papal crusades and cruel wars against the, ii. 199, ii. 267, ii. 310.
Alemar of Selingar engages in the holy war, ii. 465.
Aleppo, states of, i. 127.
Alexander of Macedon, amount of his forces, and his victories, i. 255, i. 257.
Alexandretta taken possession of by the Crusaders, i. 119.
Alexandria captured and burnt by the Crusaders, iii. 116.
Alexius Comnenus I., emperor of Constantinople, seeks the assistance of the Latins against the Turks, i. 44 and n., i. 45.
Alarmed at the vast number of Crusaders from the West, i. 88.(*)
(*) The name in this and a few of the following pages is printed “Alexis”.
His character, i. 89.
His treatment of the Crusaders, i. 90.
His alliance with Godfrey de Bouillon, i. 92.
His reception of the French chiefs, i. 93, i. 94.
His suspicious treatment of the Crusaders, i. 104.
He perfidiously takes possession of Nice, in opposition to the Latins, ib.
His insidious policy, i. 105, i. 168, i. 282.
He sends an embassy to the Crusaders at Archas, i. 194.
Opposes the second body of them, i. 250.
The limits of his empire extended by the victories of the Crusaders, and Constantinople rendered safe from the attacks of the Saracens, i. 260.
—— Angelus, emperor of Constantinople, dethrones his brother Isaac, ii. 62.
His character, ii. 75, ii. 158.
Expelled by the Crusaders, ii. 93.
His death, ii. 158.
——, nephew of Alexius Angelus, and son of Isaac, the dethroned emperor, ii. 62, ii. 69.
Aided by the Crusaders, ii. 75.
His military operations and conquests, ii. 79, ii. 80.
Enters Constantinople in triumph with the besieging Crusaders, ii. 95.
Crowned as joint emperor with his father, ii. 97.
His peculiar position, ii. 101, ii. 113.
His proposals to the Crusaders, ii. 102.
His contentions with the Bulgarians, ii. 105.
His character, ii. 107, ii. 118.
His dethronement and violent death, ii. 118.
Ali, founder of one of the Mohammedan sects, iii. 413, iii. 414.
Alides, party of the, i. 8.
Alise, of Antioch, i. 311.
Al-Mahadia, city of, captured and burnt, i. 40 and n.
Almamon, caliph of Bagdad, i. 9.
Almoadam elected to the throne of Egypt, ii. 417.
Enters into a treaty for the ransom of Louis IX., ii. 438.
Revolt of the Mamelukes against, ii. 439, ii. 440.
His assassination, ii. 441;
with whom terminated the Ayoubite dynasty, ii. 445.
Alp-Arsland, reign of, i. 32.
Alphonse, count, of Poictiers, engages in the holy war, ii. 393, ii. 395.
Arrives at Damietta, ii. 396.
Alphonso, prince of Burgundy, i. 375.
—— II., of the house of Arragon, iii. 193, iii. 194.
Altamont castle, the seat of the “Old Man of the Mountain”, iii. 416, iii. 417.
Amadeus, duke of Turin, i. 338.
Amalfi, city of, i. 85, i. 86.
Amaury, count of Jaffa, elected king of Jerusalem, i. 386.
His expedition to Egypt, i. 388.
He allies himself with the Egyptians to resist the Syrians, i. 390.
The Egyptians agree to pay him an annual tribute, i. 391.
Marries the daughter of the emperor Manuel, i. 392;
and makes war on Egypt, i. 394 et seq.
His projects against Egypt, i. 399.
Death of, ib.
—— II., king of Jerusalem, death of, ii. 190.
Amurath, the Turkish sultan, iii. 123.
He enters into a treaty of peace with the Crusaders, iii. 138;
and afterwards defeats them with great slaughter, iii. 142.
Anaclet, the anti-pope, i. 76.
Ancona, the Crusaders under Pius II. collected at, iii. 178.
Ancyra, city of, taken by assault, i. 251.
Battle of, between Tamerlane and Bajazet, iii. 133.
André de Brienne, slain, i. 461.
Andrew, Brother, of Antioch, his strange address to Philip of France, iii. 110.
—— II., king of Hungary, engages in the sixth crusade, ii. 217, ii. 224.
He arrives in Palestine, ii. 225.
Returns to Europe, ii. 230.
Andronicus, emperor of Constantinople, iii. 122.
——, the “Nero of the Greeks,” dethroned, i. 446.
Angelli, Peter, author of a poem on the first crusade, i. 171 n.
Angelram, death of, i. 190.
Anjou, duke of, his heroism, ii. 413.
Anselm, archbishop of Milan, i. 249.
Anselme de Ribemont, death and character of, i. 190.
Antioch captured by Nicephorus, i. 13.
Renaud de Chatillon raised by marriage to the throne of, i. 103.
The Crusaders arrive at the city of, i. 127.
Its ancient celebrity, i. 128. Described, ib.
Protracted siege of, i. 129 et seq.
Betrayed by Phirous, i. 147, et seq.;
and captured, i. 155-157.
Sufferings of the Crusaders at, i. 159, i. 160.
They march out of, and defeat the Saracens, i. 170-174.
Miraculous prodigies seen at, i. 173, i. 183.
Fatal epidemic at, i. 178, i. 179.
The Crusaders take their departure from, i. 187, i. 188.
Distresses of, i. 285.
Flourishing state of, i. 306.
Disputes respecting the sovereignty, i. 311.
Raymond of Poictiers appointed governor, i. 312.
Louis VII. arrives at, with a portion of the Crusaders, i. 360.
His splendid retinue, ib.
Bohemond III. governor of, ii. 8.
At war with Armenia, ii. 9.
Territory of, ravaged by the Turcomans, ii. 372.
Captured and destroyed by the sultan of Cairo, and all the inhabitants slaughtered or led into captivity, iii. 17, iii. 18.
Antiochetta, capital of Pisidia, the Crusaders arrive at, i. 114.
Antoninus, St., of Plaisance, voyage of, i. 7 n.
Apostoliques, their religious principles, ii. 197.
Arabians, their conquests, i. 10.
Their knowledge of medicine, iii. 336.
Archambaud de Bourbon, i. 359.
Archas, city of, described, i. 187, i. 188 and n.
Siege of, i. 189.
Architecture, progress of, during the crusades, iii. 330-332.
Arculphus, St., pilgrimage of, i. 7.
Argun, the Tartar chief, iii. 94, iii. 95.
Aristocracy, on the origin of, iii. 280 et seq.
Aristotle, philosophy of, introduced into Europe, iii. 338.
Armenians, slaughter of the, ii. 169.
Arms of the Crusaders, i. 99.
Arnold, a priest, elected pastor of the Church of Jerusalem, i. 236.
—— a Flemish preacher, his account of the siege of Lisbon noticed, i. 375 n.
—— de Rohés, chaplain to the duke of Normandy, i. 191.
His incredulity in prodigies, i. 192.
His address to the Crusaders, i. 214.
—— of Bressia, i. 332.
Arpin, count de Berri, dies in slavery, i. 254 and n.
Arsouf, city of, i. 244.
Besieged and captured by the Mamelukes, iii. 11, iii. 12.
Arsur, rebellion and siege of, i. 267, i. 268.
Captured by Baldwin, i. 277.
Battle of, fought between Richard I. and Saladin, i. 487.
Art, works of, destroyed at Constantinople by the Latins, iii. 438-440 (App.).
Artesia captured by the Crusaders, i. 127.
Artois, count de, ii. 396.
His rash bravery, ii. 403.
Is slain, ii. 408.
His letter on the taking of Damietta, iii. 456 (App.).
Arts, emulation in Europe for their cultivation, iii. 229.
Progress of during the period of the crusades, iii. 251, iii. 328 et seq.
Ascalon, great battle on the plain of, between the Egyptians and the Crusaders, i. 240-242.
Siege of, i. 244.
The Saracens defeated on the plains of, i. 297, i. 298, i. 402.
Destroyed by fire, i. 490.
Rebuilt by the Crusaders, ib.
Surrendered to Saladin, i. 426.
Siege and capture of by Baldwin III., i. 384.
Aschmoum, canal of, military operations on the banks of, ii. 399 et seq.
Asia subdued by the Turks, i. 32.
“Assassins” of Syria, origin and history of the, iii. 413, iii. 420 et seq.
See Ishmaëlites.
“Assizes of Jerusalem,” collected by John d’Ibelin, i. 271 n.
Laws and spirit of the, i. 272, i. 273, i. 488.
Atabecks, dynasty of the, i. 306.
Decline of the empire of the, i. 399.
Atheling, Edgar, commander of the English, i. 205.
Attalia, the Crusaders arrive at, i. 357;
and suffer great hardships, i. 358.
Aubusson, grand master of the knights of St. John, iii. 188.
Augsburg, diet at, iii. 200.
Augustines, their quarrels with the Dominicans, iii. 210.
Avignon, assembly of Christian sovereigns at, to promote a fresh crusade, iii. 113, iii. 114.
Ayoub, the father of Saladin, i. 369.
Ayoubites, princely race of the, ii. 3, and n.
Their empire, ib.
Decline of their empire, ii. 237.
Discord among the family, ii. 376.
Extinction of the dynasty, ii. 445.
Aymeristes, religious principles of the, ii. 197.
B.
Bacon, Chancellor, his dialogue “de Bello Sacro,” iii. 246.
Bagdad, the seat of the arts and sciences, i. 9.
Degeneracy of the caliphs of, i. 12, i. 13.
The caliphs of, the chiefs of Islamism, i. 383.
Captured by the Mogul Tartars, iii. 4.
Baghisian, the sovereign of Antioch, i. 129.
Bajazet I., the Turkish sultan, iii. 125.
Defeats the Christian forces, iii. 127, iii. 128.
His speech to the duke de Nevers, iii. 129.
Raises the siege of Constantinople, and being defeated at Ancyra by Tamerlane, is taken prisoner, iii. 133.
—— II. succeeds Mahomet II., iii. 191.
Declares war against Venice, iii. 197.
Dethroned, and succeeded by Selim, iii. 201.
Balac, the emir, slain, i. 302.
Baldoukh, the emir, defeated, i. 123.
Baldwin, brother of Godfrey de Bouillon, engages in the first crusade, i. 78.
His dissensions with the leaders, i. 116, i. 117.
Massacres the Turks, i. 118.
Joined by corsairs, ib.
His hostile encounter with Tancred, i. 119.
His successes, i. 121, i. 122.
Founds the principality of Edessa, i. 124.
Sends magnificent presents to the leaders of the Crusaders, i. 146.
Visits Jerusalem, i. 269.
Elected king of Jerusalem on the death of Godfrey, i. 275.
Defeats the Saracens, i. 275, i. 276.
His quarrel with Tancred, i. 276, i. 277.
Carries on vigorous hostilities against the infidels of Palestine, Egypt, &c., i. 277 et seq.
Anecdote of his humanity, i. 279.
His singular preservation, i. 280.
Lamentations for his supposed death, ib.
His quarrels with the patriarch of Jerusalem, i. 285, i. 286.
Captures Ptolemaïs, i. 286.
His hostilities against Egypt, i. 293.
His death and character, i. 294.
His funeral, i. 295.
—— de Bourg, cousin of Godfrey de Bouillon, engages in the first crusade, i. 78.
Defeated and taken prisoner, i. 283.
His release, and great poverty, i. 285.
Elected king of Jerusalem, i. 296.
Made prisoner by the Turks, ib.
Released, i. 302.
His death and character, i. 310, i. 311.
—— III., king of Jerusalem, i. 316.
Form of his coronation, i. 317 and n.
Urges on the war against the Saracens, i. 363.
His military character, i. 384.
Death of, by poison, ib.
—— IV., king of Jerusalem, i. 401.
His wars with Saladin, i. 402 et seq.
Death of, i. 412.
—— V., crowned king of Jerusalem, i. 407.
Death of, i. 412.
——, count of Flanders, engages in the fifth crusade, ii. 47.
Elected emperor of Constantinople, ii. 148.
Quarrels with Boniface, marquis of Montferrat, ii. 150-161.
His letter to the pope, ii. 152.
Defeated, and taken prisoner by the Bulgarians, ii. 168.
Romantic incidents of his life, ii. 171 and n.
His mysterious death, ii. 172.
——, son-in-law of John of Brienne, successor to the throne of Constantinople, ii. 289.
His expulsion and great poverty, ib.
—— II., emperor of Constantinople, his distressing situation, iii. 9.
Driven from his throne by Michael Palæologus, iii. 10.
——, count de Hainault, engages in the first crusade, i. 78.
Perishes in Asia Minor, i. 177.
——, Archbishop, preaches the crusade in England, i. 441 and n.
His journey into Wales, iii. 408 (App.).
Baleau d’Ibelin defends Jerusalem against Saladin, i. 427.
Bar, count de, refuses the command of the Crusaders, ii. 54.
Barbarossa, Frederick, engages in the holy war, i. 444 et seq.
His victorious career, i. 448.
His death, i. 449.
Barbary invaded by the Christian forces, iii. 117 et seq.
The states of, taken under the protection of the Ottoman Porte, iii. 220.
Barland, Adrian, his notices of Peter the Hermit, i. 41 n.
Barons of England, contests of the, with their sovereigns, iii. 257.
Barthélemi, Peter, a priest, pretended revelation of, i. 165.
Fanaticism of, i. 191, i. 192.
Submits to the ordeal of fire, and loses his life, i. 193.
——, Sieur, anecdote of, iii. 68.
Becomes a Mohammedan renegade, iii. 69, iii. 84.
Bathenians, a title given to the Ishmaëlites, iii. 419.
Battle, wager of, during the middle ages, iii. 312.
Bavaria, diet convoked in, i. 338.
Baysy, the birth-place of Godfrey de Bouillon, i. 76 n.
Beard, pledging and redeeming of the, i. 285 and n.
“Bearers of the cross,” title assumed by the first Crusaders, i. 52 and n.
Bedouin Arabs, their bravery, ii. 391.
Bela IV., king of Hungary, his fear of the Tartars, iii. 6 n.
Belgrade besieged by the Turks, iii. 166.
The Turks defeated, iii. 167.
Taken by the Turks, iii. 213.
“Belial, children of”. i. 65.
Belinas, in Syria, pillaged by the Crusaders, ii. 475.
Bellerophon, statue of, at Constantinople, ii. 138 and n.
Berengaria of Navarre, i. 475.
Married to Richard I. of England, i. 476.
Berenger II., count of Barcelona, penitential pilgrimage of, i. 27.
Bernard, count of Carinthia, i. 338.
Bernard. See St. Bernard.
Bernicles, punishment of the, ii. 434.
Bertrand, son of Raymond de St. Gilles, i. 287.
Berytus, plain of, i. 198.
Wealth and importance of the city of, ii. 18.
Besieged by the Crusaders, ib.
Captured and destroyed by the Saracens, iii. 89.
Bethlehem, i. 21.
The Crusaders take possession of, i. 201.
Bethonopolis, city of, i. 492.
Bibars Bendocdar, the Mameluke chief, ii. 404 and n.
Slays Almoadam, the sultan, ii. 440.
Assassinates Koutouz, iii. 7.
Is proclaimed sultan of Egypt, iii. 8.
Declares war against the Christians of Palestine, ib.
His continued victories over them, iii. 11 et seq., iii. 63.
His death and character, iii. 64, iii. 65.
Biblies taken by the Crusaders, i. 288.
Bilbeis, city of, i. 388.
Besieged and captured by the king of Jerusalem, i. 394.
Bissarion, Cardinal, speech of, iii. 172.
Bithynia, hostilities in, between the Crusaders and the Turks, i. 99 et seq.
Blanche, queen-regent of France, ii. 350.
Accompanies her son, Louis IX., on the outset of his crusade, ii. 368.
Death of, and grief of Louis IX., ii. 475.
Blois, count of, obtains possession of Bithynia, ii. 162.
Is slain, ii. 167.
Anecdote of his devoted heroism, iii. 298.
Blondel, the minstrel, emancipates Richard I. from imprisonment, iii. 406 (App.).
Bohemond, prince of Tarentum, one of the leaders of the Crusaders, i. 84.