The land of the Hittites

Aintab: Sculptured and Inscribed Corner-stone, pp. 106, 107, Pl. XLI.

Bibl.: Liv. Annals of Arch., i. (1908), p. 8 and fig. p. 7; Pls. X., XI.

Albistan: Inscribed Obelisk from Izgîn, pp. 145, 146.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1902), pp. 13 and Pl. XIX.; Recueil de Travaux, xv. p. 30 and Pls. I., II. Now in the Constantinople Museum.

Aleppo: Inscribed Stone, p. 97.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 4, Pl. III. A; Quart. St. Pal. Expl. Fd., 1873, p. 73; Wright, Empire, p. 142, Pls. V.-VII.; Proc. S.B.A., v. (1883), p. 146, and 1908 (June); Liv. Annals of Arch. i. (1908), p. 8 and Pl. IX. (iii).

—— Sculptured Lion and Eagle; relief of Ceremonial Feast, uninscribed.

Bibl.: Liv. Annals of Arch., ii. p. 184 and Pl. XLII. (i, ii, iii).

Alexandretta: Small Stone, inscribed both sides, possibly from Marash, p. 99, note 1.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 8 and Pl. VIII.

Amaksiz. See Angora.

Andaval: Top of Inscribed Stela with figure, pp. 188, 189.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 27 and Pl. XXXI. C.; Recueil de Travaux, xiv. p. 84 and Pl. I.

Angora: Reliefs of Lions from Amaksiz, Kalaba, and Yalanjak, pp. 161, 162.

Bibl.: Perrot and Chipiez, Art in Asia Minor, ii. p. 202 and fig. 352; Jour. Hell. Stud., xix. pp. 45-48 and fig. 5.

Asarjik: Inscription on Rock, p. 153.

Bibl.: Liv. Annals of Arch., i. p. 6 and Pls. VIII., IX. (i).

Bey-Keui: Inscription on Black Stone, p. 167.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 32 and Pl. XXXVI. A; Mitt. d. Deut. Arch. Inst. Athen., xiv. (1889), p. 181; Jour. Hell. Stud., ix. p. 372; Murray’s Handbook for Asia Minor, p. 135.

Bogche: Inscribed Stone in situ, p. 155 and Pl. XLVIII.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1906), pp. 11, 12, and Pl. LI.

Boghaz-Keui: (i) Rock Inscription (Nishan Tash); (ii) Two Sculptured Blocks with hieroglyphs, pp. 158, 159. (iii) Remains of Pteria, pp. 196-211, with Pls. LVIII.-LXII. (iv) Sculptures of Iasily Kaya, pp. 211-241, with Pls. LXIII.(ii)-LXXI., and Plan, p. 221.

Bibl.: (i) C.I.H. (1900), p. 22; Perrot, Exploration, ii., Pl. XXXV.; Mitteil. d. Deutsch. Arch. Inst. Athen. Abtlg. (1889), xiv. p. 170. (ii) Mitteil. d. Deutsch. Orient. Ges. Berlin (1907), 35, pp. 57, 58, and figs. 6, 7. (iii) The Name: Herodotus, i. 76; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 103; Ramsay, Luke the Physician, p. 215, note. Excavations: Chantre, Mission en Cappadoce, pp. 13 ff.; Winckler, Mitteil. der Deutsch. Orient. Ges. (1907), pp. 57, 58; Winckler, Orientalistische Lit. Zeitung (1906), Dec. (iii and iv) Descriptive: Barth, Reise ... nach Scutari, pp. 44-52; Humann and Puchstein, Reisen in Kl. A., pp. 54 ff. and Pls. VII. ff.; Perrot, Exploration Archéol., ii. Pls. XXXV. ff.; Perrot and Chipiez, op. cit., pp. 108 ff.; Texier, Description de l’Asie Mineure, i. Pls. LXXX. ff. (iv) Religion: Perrot and Chipiez, op. cit., pp. 149-153; Ramsay, Luke the Physician, ch. vi.; Ramsay, Jour. Roy. As. Soc., xv., N.S. (1885), pp. 113-120; Expository Times, Nov. 1909; Hamilton, Researches in A.M., i. p. 396; Frazer, Adonis, Attis, and Osiris, i. vi. pp. 105-110. Sculptures and Hieroglyphs: C.I.H. (1900), Pls. XXVII.-XXIX.

Bor: (part of) Inscribed Adoration Scene, pp. 185-188 and Pl. LVI.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1906), p. 3 and Pl. XXXIII.; Recueil, xiv. Pl. I.; Proc. S.B.A., xxviii. (1906), p. 94 and Pl. III.; Hogarth, Wandering Scholar, p. 16. Now in Constantinople Museum, No. 857.

Bulghar-Madên: Rock Inscription, pp. 189, 190.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 27 and Pl. XXXII.; Recueil, xiv. p. 85 and Pl. II.; Proc. S.B.A. (1905), p. 229. Casts at Oxford (Ashmolean Mus.) and Berlin (Vorderas. Mus.). Large-scale photographs at Liverpool (Inst. Arch.).

Carchemish. See Jerablus.

[Denek Maden: Ivory Seal, p. 160 and Pl. XL. (ii).]

Derendeh. See Palanga, Haüz.

Doghanlu; Hermes and other Rock Sculptures, pp. 166, 167.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 32 and Pl. XXXVI. B; Jour. Hell. Stud., iii. (1883), pp. 6-11 and fig. 2; Mitteil. d. Deutsch. Arch. Inst. Athen. Abtlg. (1889), xiv. p. 182, Pl. VI.; Perrot and Chipiez, op. cit., ii. p. 206 and fig. 353.

Eflatoun-Bunar: Sculptured ‘Lycaonian’ Monument, pp. 174, 175.

Bibl.: Hamilton, Researches, ii. pp. 350, 351; Revue Arch., 3ᵉ ser. vol. v. pp. 257-264 and Pls. XI., XII.; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 224, fig. 356.

Ekrek: Inscribed Stone (re-dressed), p. 148 and Pl. XLVI.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 26, Pl. XXXI., and ibid. (1906), pp. 2, 3, Pl. XXXI. A. Now in Constantinople Museum, No. 1217.

Emir-Ghazi: Three Inscribed Altars and an Inscribed Corner-stone, pp. 183, 184.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1906), p. 9 and Pls. XLIX., L.; Proc. S.B.A., xxvii. (1905), pp. 21-23, Pls. I.-III., and ibid., xxviii. (1906), p. 134; Ramsay, History and Art of the Eastern Provs. of Rom. Emp., p. 178 and Pls. IX., X., XI.

Eski-Yapân: Uninscribed Sculptured Lion, p. 88.

Bibl.: Liv. Annals of Arch., i. (1908), p. 9.

Eyuk: Foundations of Walled Town. Palace Gateway with Sculptures, pp. 242-269, Pls. LXXII., LXXIII., Plan, p. 246.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), pp. 24, 25; Hamilton, Researches, i. pp. 382, 383; Barth, Reise ... nach Scutari, pp. 42, 43; Arch. Zeit. (1859), pp. 50-59; Van Lennep, Travels in ... Asia Minor, pp. 129-148; Perrot, Exploration, ii. Pls. LIII. ff.; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. pp. 153-158; Chantre, Mission, p. 1; Maspero, Passing of Empires, p. 338; Struggle of Nations, p. 648; Humann and Puchstein, Reisen, p. 82, Pl. VII.; Recueil de Travaux, xiv. p. 91, fig. 5; Jour. Roy. As. Soc., xv. p. 116; Mitteil. d. Vorderas. Ges. (1908), 3; Liv. Annals of Arch., i. (1908), p. 3, Pls. II., III.

Fassiler: Sculptured ‘Lycaonian’ Monument, pp. 175, 176.

Bibl.: Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. pp. 222, 223. Illustr.: Cities of St. Paul, p. 134, fig. 7.

Fraktin: Rock Sculptures, pp. 150, 151, and Pl. XLVII.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), pp. 25, 26, and Pl. XXX.; Recueil de Travaux, p. 87 and Pl. XIV.; Chantre, Mission, p. 125 and Pl. XXIII.

Gerger; Rock Sculpture (doubtful origin), p. 131.

Giaour-Kalesi: Fort and Rock Sculptures, pp. 162-164.

Bibl.: Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 202, fig. 352.

Gurun: Rock Inscriptions, pp. 143, 144.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 15 and Pl. XVIII.; Recueil de Travaux, xiv. p. 86 and Pl. IV.; Wright, Empire, p. 57; Sayce, Trans. S.B.A., vii. p. 305; Proc. S.B.A. (1903), p. 148.

Hamath: Five Inscribed Stones, pp. 95-97 and Pl. XXXVII.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), pp. 6-8 and Pls. III. B-VI.; Wright, Empire, pp. 139-141 and Pls. I.-IV.; Sayce, Hittites, pp. 60-64; Burckhardt, Travels in Syria ..., p. 146; Burton, Unexplored Syria, p. 335; Palestine Expl. Fund, Q. S., 1871, p. 173; ibid., 1872, pp. 74, 199; ibid., 1873, pp. 35, 61, 74; Amer. Pal. Expl. Soc. (1871), p. 31; Trs. S.B.A., vii. p. 429; Proc. S.B.A. 1903 (March), ibid., 1905 (Nov.), p. 218. Now in the Constantinople Museum, Nos. 831-834.

Ilgîn. See Kölit-oghlu.

Ivrîz: Rock Sculptures with Inscription, pp. 191-195 and Pl. LVII.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 30 and Pl. XXXIV.; ibid. (1906), p. 5 and Pl. XXXIV., and pp. 19, 20; Davis, Trs. S.B.A., iv. (1876). pp. 336, 346; Life in Asiatic Turkey (1879), pp. 245-260; Hamilton, Researches, ii. pp. 304-307; Ramsay and Hogarth, Recueil, xiv. pp. 71-85, Pls. III.-IV.; Ramsay, Luke the Physician, pp. 171, 179, and Pl. XXI.; Ramsay, Pauline, etc., pp. 172, 173; Sayce, Proc. S.B.A. (1906), pp. 133, 134, and Pl.; Frazer, Adonis, etc. (1907), pp. 93-97. Cast in the Berlin Vorderas. Museum.

Izgîn. See Albistan.

Jerablus, Site of Carchemish. Inscribed Stela with relief and fragments of the others. Inscription with Winged Figure. Inscribed Corner-stone: Inscribed Column. Inscribed Fragments of Stone. Relief showing Figures on Lion’s Back. Relief showing ‘Adoration of Kybele.’ Relief showing Priest between Warriors, pp. 123-129.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), pp. 9-12 and Pls. IX.-XV.; ibid. (1902), pp. 2-12 and Pls. X.-XV.; Wright, Empire, pp. 143, 148, Pls. VIII.-XIII., also XIX.-XXII.; Trs. S.B.A., vii. p. 435; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 62, figs. 276, 277, and p. 281, with figs. 390, 391; Ball, Light from the East, pp. 141-143; Proc. S.B.A. (1905), pp. 201 ff.; The Graphic, Dec. 11, 1880; Liv. Annals of Arch. (1909), ii. pp. 165-171, with fig. 1 and Pls. XXXV., XXXVI. (i); Maspero, Struggle, p. 145; Maundrell, Journey to Euphrates (1749); Drummond, Travels to ... Euphrates (1754), p. 209. The Inscriptions now in British Museum (Guide, p. 27).

Kalaba. See Angora.

Kara-Bel. Rock Sculptures, pp. 171-173 and Pl. LIV.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 37, Pl. XXXIX.; Sayce, Hittites (1903), p. 67, with Pl.; Texier, Description, ii. Pl. CXXXII.; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 229 and fig. 362; Wright, Empire, p. 155 and Pl. XVIII.; Revue Archéol. (1866), xiii. Pl. XII.; Trs. S.B.A., vii. pp. 266, 439; Proc. S.B.A., XXI. p. 222; Herodotus, ii. p. 106.

Karaburna: Rock Inscription, pp. 154, 155.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1902), pp. 17, 24, Pl. XLVI.; Jour. Hell. Stud., xxi. (1901), pp. 328-332, with Pl.; Proc. S.B.A. (1905), p. 217.

Kara-burshlu: Inscribed Sculpture, Ceremonial Feast, pp. 99-101.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 20 and Pl. XXVI. (1, 2).

Kara-Dagh: Rock Passage, with two Inscriptions. (Kizil-Dagh): Fortress, with three Inscriptions; Rock Altar, with Inscription: Rock Throne, with Figure and Inscription, pp. 177-181.

Bibl.: Ramsay, Luke the Physician, pp. 160 ff. and Pls. XIV.-XVI. Proc. S.B.A. (1909), xxxi. p. 86 and Pls. VII. and VIII.

Kellekli: Eight miles north of Jerablus. Recently found: (i) Relief of Human Figure in long robe. (ii) Stela showing relief of two Figures facing, inscribed on face and two sides.

Bibl.: Hogarth in Liv. Annals of Arch. (1909), ii. p. 172, figs. 2, 3, and Pl. XXXVI. (ii, iii).

Kizil-Dagh. See Kara-Dagh above.

Kurts-oghlu: Fragment of Statuette inscribed, pp. 98, 99.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 8 and Pl. VII. Now in Berlin Vorderas. Museum, No. 3009.

Kuru-Bel: Inscribed Altar with Lions, pp. 146-148.

Bibl.: Proc. S.B.A. (1908), xxx., Pt. II., p. 42 and Pl. I. [Remains in situ.]

Malatia: Three Reliefs of Lion Hunt, Stag Hunt, and Ceremonial Feast, with Inscriptions. Four Reliefs with Deities and Oblation Scenes, etc., pp. 135-140 and Pl. XLIV.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 13, Pl. XVI. (A, B); ibid. (1906), p. 7, Pl. XLVII.; Heuzy, Les Origines Orientales d’Art, i. Pl. X.; Liv. Annals of Arch., i. (1908), Pls. IV., V.; ibid., 1909, p. 180 and Pl. XLI.; Hogarth, Recueil, xviii., with Pl., p. 25; Proc. S.B.A. (1905), p. 212; ibid. (1904), xxvi. p. 13. Lion Hunt and Feast now in Constantinople Museum, 846, 847; Stag Hunt in the Louvre Museum, Paris.

Marash: (a, b) Two Lion Corner-stones (one Inscription), pp. 108-111 and Pl. XLII.

Inscribed:—(c) Relief of Ceremonial Feast, pp. 111-112. (d) Portion of a Statue, p. 113. (e) Fragment of a Statue, p. 113. (f) Royal Stela, p. 114. (g) Four-sided Monument, pp. 115-117. (h) Fragment of Basalt, p. 118.

Uninscribed Reliefs:—(i) Woman seated with Child, p. 118. (k) Ceremonial Feast, p. 119. (l) Warrior before Table, p. 119. (m) Adoration Scene, p. 120. (n) Chariot and Horse, p. 121. (o) Musician with Pipes, p. 122. (p) Horse-rider, p. 122.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), pp. 18, 19, and Pls. XXII.-XXV.; (1902), pp. 15, 16, and Pl. XXI.; (1906), p. 2 and Pl. XXII.; Humann and Puchstein, Reisen, Atlas, Pls. XLVII.-XLIX.; Recueil, xv. p. 32 and Pl. II. B; Wright, Empire, p. 162 and Pl. XXVI.; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. fig. 268 and pp. 64 ff.; Proc. S.B.A. ix. (1887), p. 374; (1905), p. 225.

Now a at Constantinople Museum, No. 840; Cast at British Museum; d, n, o at Berlin (V.A. Museum, Nos. 973, 974); f, h, l Metropolitan Museum, New York, Nos. 1904-6-5; l, k, m Casts at Berlin (V.A.G., 61, 63, 62); g at Constantinople Museum, No. 1625.

Nigdeh: Inscribed Altar or Moulded Base, p. 189.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1906), p. 15 and Pl. LIII.

Palanga: Carved Lion. Columnar Figure inscribed, pp. 141, 142, and Pl. XLV.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 17 and Pl. XX; ibid. (1906), pp. 1, 2, and Pl. XX.; Recueil, xv. p. 95 and Pl. III.; Proc. S.B.A., xxviii. pp. 93, 94, and Pl. II. Now in Constantinople Museum, No. 1215.

Restan: Inscribed Stone, p. 85, note 2, and p. 94.

Bibl.: Proc. S.B.A. (1909), p. 259.

Sakje-Geuzi: (a) Reliefs of Lion Hunt, Ceremonial Feast, and fragments of Lions, etc., pp. 102-105 and Pl. XXXIX. (b) Walled Mounds, Palace Ruins, and Reliefs, pp. 298-314 and Pls. LXXVIII.-LXXXII.

Bibl.: (a) Humann and Puchstein, Reisen, Atlas, Pl. XLVI. Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 64 and fig. 279; Liv. Annals of Arch., pp. 101, 102, and Pl. XLV.; (b) ibid., pp. 97-117 and Pls. XXXIII.-XLIX. Now Lion Hunt at Berlin; casts of a at Liv. Inst. of Arch.

Samsat: Inscribed Stone with Pedestal, pp. 130, 131.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), p. 14 and Pl. XVII.; Humann and Puchstein, Reisen, Atlas, Pl. XLIX. (1-3).

Sinjerli: Walled Town and Citadel: Gate Sculptures, Ruins of Palaces, Carvings, pp. 270-297 and Pls. LXXV.-LXXVII.

Bibl.: Luschan and others, Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli. Now half gate sculptures at Berlin and half at Constantinople.

Sipylus: Rock Sculpture of Mother-goddess, with Inscription, pp. 168-170 and Pl. LIII.

Bibl.: C.I.H. (1900), pp. 33-36 and Pls. XXXVII., XXXVIII.; Perrot and Chipiez, Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. pp. 234 ff. and fig. 365; Weber, Le Sipylus, pp. 36 ff.; Jour. Hell. Stud., iii. pp. 33-68; Proc. S.B.A., iii. p. 49; ibid., vii. Pl. V.; Academy (1879); Pausanias, III. xxii. 4.

Gerger: Rock Sculpture resembling Hittite, p. 131.

Bibl.: Humann and Puchstein, Reisen, p. 355 and fig. 50.

Suasa: Inscription on Stone, p. 153.

Bibl.: Rott, Kleinas. Denkmäler, pp. 175-179 and figs. 1, 2.

Tashji: Rock Carvings and Inscription, p. 149.

Bibl.: Rott, Kleinas. Denk., p. 178, fig. 3; Jeraphanion, Proc. S.B.A., xxx. (1908), pp. 43, 44, and Pl. II.

Tell-Ahmar: Mounds of Hittite Site, East Bank of Euphrates, south of Jerablus, pp. 129, 130. (i) Stela in Black Basalt, round topped, upper half; figure wearing polus, and clasping object. (ii) Six broken Blocks of Basalt, with hieroglyphs, forming a four-sided monument, with male Hittite deity standing on bull upon the face, and an inscription in eight lines of hieroglyphs in relief upon the sides and back. [Measures about 200 × 90 × 90 cms., tapering slightly.] (iii) Broken Slab, two draped figures, with fringed robe and upturning shoes. (iv) Broken Slab with two figures in relief, clad in tunics and upturned shoes with objects in hands. (v) [Gigantic Lion sculptures, inscribed in cuneiform.] (vi) [Uninscribed large Block, with relief of two rampant horse-demons.] (vii) [Slab, T-shaped, with relief of a bull.] (viii) [Broken Block, relief of forearm and hands.] (ix) [Basalt Block, relief of eagle-headed winged deity in Assyrian attitude.]

Bibl.: Hogarth, Liv. Annals of Arch. (1909), ii. pp. 177-183 and Pls. XXXVI.(iv)-XL.

Yalanjak. See Angora.

Yamoola: Sculptured Eagle on Lion Base, pp. 155, 156, and Pl. XLIX.

Bibl.: Proc. S.B.A. (1908), p. 27 and figs. 1, 2; Liv. Annals of Arch., i. p. 5 and Pls. VI., VII.

Yarre: Relief Ceremonial Feast, pp. 164, 165.

Bibl.: Jour. Hell. Stud., xix. pp. 40-45 and fig. 4.

Yapalak: Inscription seen, p. 145.

Bibl.: Sterrett, Epigraph. Journey, p. 299.