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The Sanskrit drama

Chapter 105: D
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About This Book

A scholarly study traces the origins, development, theory, and practice of classical Indian drama written in Sanskrit and Prākrit, examining ritual and Vedic antecedents, the Nāṭyaśāstra’s account of divine origin, and debates prompted by newly discovered early fragments. It analyzes major dramatists and representative plays through the first millennium, outlines technical principles of poetics and stagecraft—such as rasa, characterization, metre, and performance conventions—and distinguishes theoretical prescriptions from later imitative works. The author confines discussion to literary-dramatic traditions, omitting vernacular theatre, and emphasizes how textual confusion in sources complicates but also illuminates understanding of classical dramatic art.

[Contents]

D

Dadhittha, a monkey, 233.

Daityas, propitiated in the preliminaries of the drama, 339, n. 3.

Dakṣiṇāvartanātha, commentator on the Meghadūta, 145.

Dāmodara, 99, and see Kṛṣṇa.

Dāmodaragupta, author of the Kuṭṭanīmata, 171, 362, 368.

Dāmodaramiçra, redactor of the Mahānāṭaka, 270.

Dānavas, demons, 267, 339, n. 3, 366.

Dance, 12, 15, 16, 25, 26, 42, 44, 45, 50, 57, 58, 112, 160, 291, 296, 338, 350, 351.

Daṇḍin, author, 104, 129, 193, 221, 330, 363.

Dantivarman, dubious name of a king, 204.

Danturā, a go-between, 261.

Daçapura, use of Bhūtabhāṣā in, 287.

Daçaratha, a king, 100, 101, 189, 226, 228, 232, 245.

Daçārha festival, 42.

Date of Bhāsa’s dramas, 93–5.

Dead, worship of, and drama, 46, 47.

Death on the stage, 105, 110, 140, 292, 354.

Deccan, colour of people of the, 366;
dramatic performances in the, 363.

Deceitful hero, 307.

Decline of the drama, causes of, 242–4.

Demi-gods, as heroes of the Ḍima, 347.

Demons, as heroes of the Ḍima, 347, and see Daityas, Dānavas, Rākṣasas.

Dénouement (kārya), as an element of the plot, 298;
wonder appropriate in the, 325.

Desire, as a character, 251.

Determinants (vibhāva), in dramatic theory, 315 ff.

Deus ex machina, Gaurī as, 175, 176.

Devajī, father of Rāmakṛṣṇa, 274.

Devakī, mother of Kṛṣṇa, 40, 98.

Devanāgarī recension, of the Çakuntalā, 154, 155;
the Vikramorvaçī, 151;
the Veṇīsaṁhāra, 219.

Devapāla of Mālava, 249.

Devarāta, a minister, 187.

Devasomā, a damsel attached to a Çaiva mendicant, 182, 185.

Deva Sūri, Jain sage, 259, 260.

Development (garbha), third juncture of the drama, 299.

Development of affection (narmagarbha), 327.

Devil, in mediaeval mystery plays, 24, 39.

Devotion, as a sentiment, 325, n. 1.

Dhanadeva, father of Yaçaḥpāla, 254, 260.

Dhanaṁjaya, writer on poetics, 292, 321, 325, 328, 329, 340, 347.

Dhānaṁjaya, in a Buddhist drama, 84.

Dhaneçvara, father of Jyotirīçvara, 261.

Dhanika, writer on poetics, 220, 223, 271, 293, 350, 366.

Dhanika Paṇḍita, 293.

Dhārāvarṣa, prince of Candrāvatī, 247, 265.

Dhāriṇī, a queen, 148, 149, 155, 159, 163, 165.

Dhāvaka, misreading for Bhāsa, 171.

Dhīrasiṅha, father of Jyotirīçvara, 261.

Dhīreçvara, family, 261.

Dialogue (saṁlāpa), 327.

Dialogues of the Veda, alleged dramatic character of the, 13–23.

Digambara Jainism, 252.

Diggers of underground passages, speech of (cf. JRAS. 1923, p. 591), 88, 336.

Dignāga, alleged enemy of Kālidāsa, 145.

Dionysos, Greek god, 66.

Dionysos, Indian, i.e. Çiva, 42, n. 1.

Dionysos Melanaigis, 38.

Discrimination, as a character, 251, 252, 254, 255.

Disguise, of girl as boy, as motif, 234, 235.

Disguise, assumed on the stage, 303.

Disgust (jugupsā), as the basis of the sentiment of horror, 323.

Dithyramb, and drama, 39.

Division into acts, 60, 61.

Division of sentiment, not allowed in the drama, 278, 279.

Doors of the stage, number of, 360.

Double consonant, with short vowel, in place of single consonant and long vowel, 121.

Double entendre, 304.

Dṛḍhavarman, uncle of Vāsavadattā, 173, 174, 360.

Dhṛṣṭadyumna, slays Droṇa, 213.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a king, 96, 106, 117, 214, 216, 218.

Double letters, produce strength of style, 332.

Dramatic elements in Vedic ritual, 23–7.

Dramilas, speech of the, 337, n. 1, and see Draviḍas.

Draupadī, wife of the Pāṇḍavas, 63, 97, 212, 213, 214, 218, 233, 265, 266, 270.

Draviḍas, speech of, 336, 337;
colour of, 366.

Dream, as motif, 303;
truthful in early hours of morning, 234.

Dress of actors, 366.

Drinking, as an allegorical character, 255.

Droṇa, preceptor of the Kauravas, 97, 213.

Drop, or expansion (bindu), as an element of the plot, 298. [378]

Duhika, variant of Durduka, 231.

Duḥçāsana, 212, 214, 216.

Duḥṣanta (Duṣyanta), a king, hero of the Çakuntalā, 152–5, 297, 341, 365.

Dumb actors, 53, 273.

Dundubhi, 228.

Durācāra, a pupil, 261.

Duration of acts of certain dramas, 346, 351.

Durduka, father of Rājaçekhara, 231.

Durgāpūjā, festival in Bengal, 262.

Durmukha, in the Uttararāmacarita, 190, 329.

Durvāsas, an ascetic, 153, 158, 268, 298.

Duryodhana, chief of the Kauravas, 38, n. 2, 96, 97, 106, 110, 111, 114, 212, 214, 215, 216, 218, 266, 278, 300, 304, 309, 329, 354.

Duty, as superior to private interest, in Kālidāsa, 153, 154.